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Segunda División
View on Wikipediafrom Wikipedia
 | |
| Organising body | Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1929 |
| Country | Spain |
| Confederation | UEFA |
| Number of clubs | 22 |
| Level on pyramid | 2 |
| Promotion to | Primera División |
| Relegation to | Tercera División (1929–1977) Segunda División B (1977–2021) Primera Federación (2021–present) |
| Domestic cup | Copa del Rey |
| Current champions | Levante (3rd title) (2024–25) |
| Most championships | Real Murcia (8 titles) |
| Broadcaster(s) | LaLiga TV Hypermotion #Vamos por Movistar Plus+ |
| Website | laliga.com |
| Current: 2025–26 Segunda División | |
The Campeonato Nacional de Liga de Segunda División,[a] commonly known as Segunda División or La Liga 2, and officially known as LaLiga HyperMotion[b] for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professional association football division of the Spanish football league system. Administered by Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional, it is contested by 22 teams, with the top two teams plus the winner of a play-off promoted to La Liga and replaced by the three lowest-placed teams in that division.
History
[edit]The Second Division National Championship was inaugurated concurrently with the First Division, during the 1928-29 season. This setup comprised twenty teams divided into two groups: A and B. Group A functioned as the secondary national level, where the leading team would contest promotion to the First Division and the bottom two faced relegation to the Third Division. Conversely, Group B represented the third tier, wherein two teams were promoted to the Second Division, while the remaining eight joined the newly formed Third Division in the subsequent season.[citation needed]
For this inaugural season, Group A consisted of the following clubs: Sevilla F. C., Iberia S. C., Deportivo Alavés, Real Sporting de Gijón, Valencia F. C., Real Betis Balompié, Real Oviedo F. C., Real Club Celta, R. C. Deportivo de La Coruña, and Racing Club de Madrid. On the other hand, Group B featured Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa, Real Murcia F. C., C. D. Castellón, C. D. Torrelavega, Zaragoza C. D., Real Valladolid Deportivo, C. A. Osasuna, Tolosa F. C., Barakaldo F. C., and Cartagena F. C.[citation needed]
The structure and number of teams in the competition have evolved over time. In the 1934-35 season, the league was segmented into multiple groups. This format persisted until the 1968-69 season when it transitioned back to the singular group system that is in place today. From 1977 to 1984, when its management transitioned to the National Professional Football League, the tournament was referred to as Second Division A, after the introduction of the Second Division B as the third level in the national football hierarchy.[citation needed]
During the 2019-20 season, a global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 emerged,[1] which had originated in Asia and spread to Europe.[2][3] As the virus rapidly spread across the continent, leading to rising infections and fatalities, sports entities began implementing preventative measures. In Spain, to mitigate the spread, only one match was held behind closed doors, without spectators,[4] yet the concern and rate of infections did not diminish, with several players and club executives testing positive. In light of the escalating situation, La Liga opted to halt all competitions temporarily,[5] following a precedent set by UEFA, which had suspended both the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League.[6][7] In a similar vein, Italy's CONI and FIGC put the Serie A on hold due to the same health concerns.[8] After a period of lockdown which saw a decrease in the spread of the virus, the government allowed sporting competitions to recommence,[9] culminating on July 20 as the remaining games were played, mirroring events in the First Division. Nonetheless, on the final matchday, multiple players from Club de Fútbol Fuenlabrada, S.A.D. were diagnosed with the virus. Consequently, their pivotal game against Real Club Deportivo de La Coruña, which was of great importance to the league standings, was delayed. This disruption impacted several clubs and the ensuing promotion playoffs.[10]
Naming Conventions
[edit]The 2006-07 and 2007-08 seasons marked the first instances when the championship adopted a commercial designation, being named "Liga BBVA" following a sponsorship agreement between the National Professional Football League and the bank of the same title.[11] From the 2008-09 through to the 2015-16 seasons, the division was rebranded as "Liga Adelante" as the bank transitioned to sponsor the First Division.[12] In the 2016-17 season, Banco Santander emerged as the primary sponsor, prompting the names "LaLiga 1|2|3" (with an enlarged "2" thus taking on the "LaLiga 2" moniker unsponsored). From the 2019-20 season onward, it became "LaLiga SmartBank". During the 2023-24 season, the new sponsor was introduced as EA Sports, resulting in the title "LaLiga Hypermotion".[13][14]
Records
[edit]Real Murcia has participated in the Second Division for the most seasons, a total of 53, and has secured the championship title on eight occasions. They are followed by Sporting de Gijón with 52 seasons, Tenerife 48, Sabadell 44, Hércules CF, Levante UD 43, Deportivo de La Coruña, Real Oviedo, CD Castellón and Cádiz each with 42 seasons.[citation needed]
Sociedad Deportiva Eibar holds the record for consecutive seasons in the division, with 18 seasons running from 1987/88 to 2005/06.[citation needed]
Among all teams that have competed in this division, only six have never featured in lower divisions: Atlético de Madrid, Espanyol, Valencia, Sevilla, Real Sociedad, and Sporting de Gijón.[citation needed]
In the 2011-12 season, Deportivo de La Coruña set a new record by amassing 91 points, leading them to clinch the championship.[15][16] The subsequent season, 2012–13, witnessed Elche as the first team to maintain the top position throughout all 42 matchdays.[17][18]
League format
[edit]The league contains 22 teams that play each other home and away for a 42-match season. Each year three teams are promoted to La Liga. The top two teams earn an automatic promotion. The third team to be promoted is the winner of a play-off between the teams that finished 3rd to 6th (reserve teams are not eligible for promotion). The play-offs comprise two-legged semi-finals followed by a two-legged final. The bottom four are relegated to Primera Federación.[19]
Clubs
[edit]This season was the first since 2006–07 season without any teams from Catalonia, as well as the first season without any teams from Community of Madrid since 2007–08 season, and without any reserve teams since the 2020–21 season.[citation needed]
Team changes
[edit]| Promoted from 2023–24 Primera Federación | Relegated from 2023–24 La Liga | Promoted to 2024–25 La Liga | Relegated to 2024–25 Primera Federación |
|---|---|---|---|
| Castellón Deportivo La Coruña Málaga Córdoba |
Almería Granada Cádiz |
Valladolid Leganés Espanyol |
Amorebieta Alcorcón Andorra Villarreal B |
Stadiums and locations
[edit]
Location of teams in 2024–25 Segunda División (Canary Islands)
All-time standings
[edit]Segunda División seasons
[edit]Notes
[edit]Champions and promotions
[edit]Clubs in bold are competing in Segunda División as of the 2024–25 season. Clubs in italics no longer exist. Seasons in itallcs mean shared titles due to regionalisation (1949–1968).
Media coverage
[edit]Spain
[edit]| Broadcaster | Summary | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| LaLiga TV Hypermotion | 11 (all) matches per week, live. | [42] |
| #Vamos por Movistar Plus+ | 2 matches per week, live. | [42] |
Top scorers by season
[edit]
Sponsorship names for seasons
[edit]- Liga BBVA (2006–2008)
- Liga Adelante (2008–2016)
- LaLiga 1|2|3 (2016–2019)
- LaLiga SmartBank (2019–2023)
- LaLiga Hypermotion (2023–present)[45]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Spanish: [kampeoˈnato naθjoˈnal de ˈliɣa ðe seˈɣunda ðiβiˈsjon]; "Second Division National League Championship"
- ^ Stylized in all caps. "HyperMotion" here refers to the HyperMotion Technology used in the EA Sports FC (formerly FIFA) video game series since 2021. Since 2023, an outlined "V" is incorporated in the logo, referring to the newly-revamped HyperMotion V iteration used since 2023.
References
[edit]- ^ "WHO declares the coronavirus outbreak a global pandemic". El País. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "China quarantines the city of Wuhan, the epicenter of the coronavirus outbreak". El Español. 22 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "The map illustrating the global extent of the coronavirus epidemic". BBC News Mundo. BBC. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "Eibar vs. Real Sociedad match played without spectators due to the Coronavirus threat". Marca. 10 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "La Liga halted due to the coronavirus crisis". Marca. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "UEFA arranges a meeting with European football's stakeholders". Official UEFA Website. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "Coronavirus live updates: Champions League, Europa League, and LaLiga suspended". Marca. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "All sports, including Serie A, suspended in Italy amidst the coronavirus crisis". InfoBAE. 9 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "LaLiga set to return the week of June 8". MARCA Claro México. Diario Marca. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
- ^ "LaLiga SmartBank - Second Division - Debate arises over the decision not to postpone the entire matchday: the aggrieved teams gear up for a showdown". Diario Marca. 20 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Europa Press (23 October 2006). "The Second Division will be named 'Liga BBVA' for the forthcoming 3 years". El Economista. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
- ^ "LFP Sponsors". Spanish Professional Football League. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
- ^ "EA rebrands the Spanish competition: LaLiga EA Sports and LaLiga Hypermotion". 4 July 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "La Federación desvela el misterio: La nueva Segunda B se denominará Primera División RFEF". Diario ABC (in Spanish). 14 September 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
- ^ Agencia EFE (3 June 2012). "Deportivo establishes a points record in the Second Division". Diario As.
- ^ "Ranking Goals Second Division | BDFutbol". www.bdfutbol.com. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
- ^ "Elche, a singular leader". marca.com. 30 May 2013.
- ^ "Darwin Núñez, el traspaso más caro de segunda división". www.canalsur.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 August 2023.
- ^ Spanish League regulations 2010/11 – see pages 12–13 of pdf Archived 27 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine(in Spanish)
- ^ "England Stadium - Wembley Stadium" (in Spanish). Football Tripper. 16 August 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
- ^ "Estadio de los Juegos del Mediterráneo" (in Spanish). UD Almería. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Estadio Municipal El Plantío" (in Spanish). Burgos CF. Archived from the original on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
- ^ "Estadio Ramón de Carranza" (in Spanish). Cádiz CF. 11 August 2018. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "Estadio Cartagonova" (in Spanish). FC Cartagena. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ^ "Estadio" (in Spanish). CD Castellón. 29 August 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ^ "Datos del club" (in Spanish). Córdoba CF. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
- ^ "Abanca-Riazor". RC Deportivo. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
- ^ "El Eibar inicia la próxima semana la reubicación de los abonados para la próxima temporada" (in Spanish). SD Eibar. 21 May 2019.
- ^ "Estadio Martínez Valero" (in Spanish). Elche CF. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ^ "Estadio Nuevo Pepico Amat". www.cdeldense.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 May 2024.
- ^ "Datos del Club" (in Spanish). Granada CF. 21 June 2023.
- ^ "El Alcoraz" (in Spanish). SD Huesca. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Estadi Ciutat de Valencia". StadiumDB. 20 July 2018.
- ^ "LA ROSALEDA STADIUM". Málaga CF. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "El Estadio Municipal de Anduva". CD Mirandés. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Stadiums". Real Oviedo. Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ^ "Racing Ferrol". Resultados de Futbol (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 June 2021.
- ^ "El Estadio". Real Racing Club. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
- ^ Las cifras del nuevo aforo de El Molinón, se metería en el top15 de España y mantendría su antigüedad
- ^ "Instalaciones" (in Spanish). CD Tenerife. Archived from the original on 20 June 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
- ^ "Estadio La Romareda" (in Spanish). Real Zaragoza. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ a b "La emoción de LaLiga SmartBank más accesible que nunca". Página web oficial de LaLiga | LaLiga (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "Campanal I". BDFutbol. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
- ^ "Adolfo, Adolfo Suárez Morán - Footballer". BDFutbol. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
- ^ "EA SPORTS and LaLiga sign new partnership for the 2023/24 season". Diario AS. 3 July 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Segunda División de España.
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Segunda División
View on Grokipediafrom Grokipedia
History
Establishment and early years
The Segunda División was established in 1929 by the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF) to serve as Spain's second-tier national league, providing a structured promotion pathway from regional championships to the inaugural Primera División.[6] This creation aligned with the broader formation of the Spanish league system, aiming to professionalize and centralize football competition beyond local federations.[7] The league debuted in the 1928–29 season with an initial format of 10 teams in a single group, playing a round-robin schedule to determine the champion, who would contest a promotion playoff against the bottom team of Primera División. Participating clubs included established sides such as Sevilla FC, Real Betis Balompié, Valencia CF, and Racing Club de Madrid, drawn primarily from regional winners and aspiring professional outfits.[8] Sevilla FC emerged as the first champions, finishing atop the standings with 22 points from 18 matches, though they failed to secure promotion after losing the playoff to Real Unión.[9] The following 1929–30 season maintained the 10-team structure, featuring teams like Deportivo Alavés, Real Sporting de Gijón, Real Oviedo, and Cultural Leonesa; Alavés claimed the title with 22 points and achieved the league's first direct promotion to Primera División, marking the onset of a formalized ascent system based on final standings.[10] Early seasons emphasized competitive balance and growth, with the league expanding its role in nurturing talent amid Spain's evolving football landscape. However, the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) profoundly disrupted operations, suspending all national competitions as the country descended into conflict and instability.[11] The RFEF halted play after the 1935–36 campaign, affecting clubs across divisions through player conscription, venue damage, and organizational breakdown.[12] Competitions resumed in the 1939–40 season under the post-war regime, with the league expanding to 40 teams divided into four regional groups to facilitate reorganization and logistics, followed by promotion playoffs.[11]Post-war development and expansion
Following the end of the Spanish Civil War, the Segunda División resumed operations for the 1939–40 season, the first since the 1936–37 campaign, expanding to a national scope with 40 teams divided into four regional groups of 10 clubs each to facilitate post-war reorganization and logistics.[13] The format featured group stage play followed by a promotion playoff among the group winners, with Real Murcia earning ascent to the Primera División after prevailing in the final stage.[14] The league's professional status, initially established in 1928–29 alongside the Primera División, was solidified in 1940 as the competition aligned structurally with the top flight, reducing to 24 teams split into two groups of 12 for the 1940–41 season to streamline operations and promote competitive balance.[14] This professional framework emphasized salaried players and centralized governance under the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF), fostering growth in attendance and infrastructure during the early Franco era.[15] By the late 1940s, the league had expanded significantly to accommodate rising participation, reaching 32 teams in two regional groups of 16 for the 1949–50 season, a structure designed to manage travel distances in a recovering Spain.[16] A key reform in 1950 introduced a playoff system for promotion and relegation, pitting the bottom three teams from Primera División against the top three from Segunda in a round-robin tournament, with the highest finishers determining divisional placement to enhance merit-based movement.[17] The 1950s witnessed notable performances from reserve sides, exemplified by FC Barcelona's affiliate team (initially operating as Espanya Industrial), which gained promotion to Segunda in 1951 and maintained competitive presence through the decade, contributing to the league's depth with youth development focus.[18] Into the 1960s, the dual-group format persisted as a regional experiment to address logistical challenges, dividing clubs into northern and southern sections of 16 teams each until 1968, when travel improvements allowed transition to a single national table of 20 teams starting in 1969–70. Further expansion came in 1977 with the creation of Segunda División B as the new third tier, comprising four groups of 20 teams (absorbing around 80 clubs from the former Tercera División) to separate professional and semi-professional levels, easing promotion pathways.[19] This reform professionalized the second tier further by concentrating fully professional clubs in Segunda while broadening the overall pyramid.[20]Modern era and reforms
The modern era of the Segunda División, from the 1990s onward, has been marked by globalization's influence on player recruitment and commercial operations, alongside structural and financial reforms aimed at enhancing competitiveness and sustainability. The 1995 Bosman ruling by the European Court of Justice fundamentally altered squad composition by eliminating quotas on EU nationals, allowing clubs to field unlimited numbers of European players without transfer fees for contract expirations, which increased international diversity and talent mobility in the league.[21] Concurrently, the introduction of three points for a win in the 1995-96 season promoted more attacking playstyles and affected standings calculations across Spanish professional football.[22] Television revenue sharing emerged as a key driver of financial growth in the 1990s, with Segunda División clubs gaining autonomy to negotiate and sell their own broadcasting rights starting from the 1998-99 season for a five-year cycle, leading to initial revenue boosts but also disparities among clubs due to varying market appeal.[23] Squad limits were standardized under UEFA and La Liga guidelines, capping rosters at 25 players, including requirements for homegrown talent (at least eight club-trained players aged 21 or under), to balance foreign imports with domestic development amid globalization pressures.[24] These changes coincided with the league's stabilization at a 22-team format, featuring a 42-match schedule of home-and-away fixtures, fostering consistent competition while adapting to broader European influences. The 2006-07 season exemplified the league's evolving promotion system, with the top two teams earning automatic ascent to La Liga and additional spots determined through playoffs, a mechanism refined in subsequent years to include teams finishing third to sixth starting from 2010-11, ensuring more merit-based advancement without altering the core group structure.[25] Financial regulations intensified in the 2010s as La Liga, in coordination with the RFEF, implemented economic control measures from the 2013-14 season—preempting UEFA's Financial Fair Play—to curb insolvency risks, mandating that clubs' spending on wages, transfers, and agents not exceed 70% of revenue, which stabilized Segunda División teams amid widespread debts exceeding €600 million across Spanish professional clubs by 2012.[26] These rules promoted long-term viability, reducing bankruptcies and enabling reinvestment in infrastructure. The 2020-21 season faced profound disruption from COVID-19, with matches suspended from March 2020 and resumed behind closed doors through much of the campaign, eliminating fan attendance and causing a €1.64 billion income shortfall for La Liga clubs (including Segunda División sides) in that season alone; the net impact after cost cuts was €854 million in losses, highlighting the league's vulnerability to external shocks.[27] Recent reforms emphasize sustainability, with La Liga's ongoing financial controls in 2023-24 enforcing squad cost ratios tied to turnover and incentives for youth integration, such as quotas for academy players in matchday squads to bolster grassroots development and comply with RFEF licensing standards.[28] By 2025, these efforts continue to integrate digital innovations for fan engagement, though specific mandates like centralized ticketing systems remain under RFEF oversight for lower-tier alignment.[24]Competition Format
League structure and scheduling
The Segunda División, officially known as LaLiga Hypermotion, features 22 teams competing in a single national division without geographic subgroups. Each team participates in a double round-robin format, playing every other team twice—once at home and once away—for a total of 42 matches per season. This structure ensures a balanced competition across the Spanish mainland and islands, with fixtures designed to minimize excessive travel where possible through optimized scheduling algorithms.[29] Points are awarded as follows: 3 for a victory, 1 for a draw, and 0 for a defeat. When teams finish level on points, tiebreakers are resolved sequentially by head-to-head results (points earned in mutual matches), head-to-head goal difference, overall goal difference in the league, and total goals scored across all matches. These criteria promote competitive integrity and reward both direct confrontations and consistent performance.[30] The season spans from mid-August to late May, comprising 42 matchdays primarily held on weekends, with a mid-season winter break from late December to early January to accommodate holidays and player recovery. Match schedules are generated automatically using proprietary software developed by LaLiga, which balances home/away distributions, rest periods, and logistical factors like travel distances between venues. This automated process helps maintain fairness and operational efficiency throughout the campaign.[29] Video Assistant Referee (VAR) technology was introduced league-wide starting in the 2019–20 season to assist on-field officials with key decisions, particularly in playoffs where high-stakes promotion outcomes are determined.[31]Promotion, relegation, and playoffs
The promotion and relegation system in the Segunda División ensures vertical mobility within the Spanish football pyramid, with three teams ascending to the Primera División (LaLiga EA Sports) annually and four descending to the Primera Federación, the third tier. The top two teams in the 22-team league secure automatic promotion based on their final standings after a 42-match round-robin season. This direct ascent rewards consistent performance throughout the campaign.[1] Teams finishing third through sixth enter a promotion playoff to contest the remaining spot in the Primera División. Reserve teams (filiales) are ineligible for promotion, preserving the competitive balance between professional squads. The playoff consists of two-legged semi-final ties—third place versus sixth and fourth versus fifth—with the higher-ranked team hosting the return leg—and a two-legged final between the semi-final winners. Aggregate scores determine advancement; if tied, extra time (30 minutes) is played, followed by a penalty shootout if necessary. No away goals rule applies, emphasizing overall performance. These matches are hosted at the participating teams' home stadiums, adding to the intensity of the postseason.[32][33] Beyond sporting merit, promotion eligibility requires approval of a LaLiga license, which assesses financial viability, administrative compliance, and infrastructure standards. Clubs must demonstrate economic stability through audited budgets and adherence to LaLiga's financial control mechanisms, including squad cost limits tied to revenue. Infrastructure criteria include stadiums meeting safety and capacity guidelines, typically a minimum of 15,000 seats to align with Primera División expectations, though temporary derogations may be granted for exceptional cases. Failure to secure the license can block promotion, as seen in past instances where clubs deferred ascent despite qualifying on the pitch.[4][34] Relegation from the Segunda División affects the bottom four teams in the standings, who drop directly to the Primera Federación. An additional team may face administrative relegation if it violates licensing obligations, such as unresolved debts or non-compliance with federation rules, ensuring only sustainable clubs remain in the professional ranks. This system promotes fiscal responsibility across divisions.[35] Historically, the promotion format evolved to heighten drama and meritocracy. Until the end of the 2006–07 season, the top three teams enjoyed direct promotion without playoffs, a structure in place since the league's professionalization in the 1920s. The shift to including playoffs for the third spot was introduced to extend competition into the season's end, mirroring trends in other major European leagues and boosting viewer engagement. This change has sustained the Segunda División's reputation as one of Europe's most unpredictable second tiers.[36]Current Season
Participating teams
The 2025–26 Segunda División season features 22 teams: 15 retained from the previous season, three teams relegated from the 2024–25 La Liga (UD Las Palmas, CD Leganés, Real Valladolid CF), and four teams promoted from the 2024–25 Primera Federación (FC Andorra, AD Ceuta FC, Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa, and one additional via playoffs—specifics confirmed post-season). The teams are:- Albacete Balompié
- UD Almería
- FC Andorra (promoted)
- Burgos CF
- Cádiz CF
- AD Ceuta FC (promoted)
- Córdoba CF
- Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa (promoted)
- RC Deportivo de La Coruña
- SD Eibar
- Granada CF
- SD Huesca
- CD Leganés (relegated from La Liga)
- Málaga CF
- CD Mirandés
- Real Racing Club de Santander
- Real Sociedad B
- Real Sporting de Gijón
- UD Las Palmas (relegated from La Liga)
- Real Valladolid CF (relegated from La Liga)
- Real Zaragoza
Key matches and standings
As of November 14, 2025, following matchday 13, Racing Santander leads the 2025–26 Segunda División standings with a strong attacking display. The league's 22 teams continue in a competitive race for promotion and against relegation, highlighted by dramatic results and emerging contenders.[2] The current top five and bottom three teams are:| Position | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Racing Santander | 13 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 29 | 21 | +8 | 25 |
| 2 | RC Deportivo | 13 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 24 | 12 | +12 | 23 |
| 3 | UD Las Palmas | 13 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 15 | 8 | +7 | 23 |
| 4 | Burgos CF | 13 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 19 | 12 | +7 | 22 |
| 5 | UD Almería | 12 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 23 | 18 | +5 | 22 |
| Position | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa | 13 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 15 | 19 | -4 | 14 |
| 21 | CD Mirandés | 13 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 14 | 21 | -7 | 12 |
| 22 | Real Zaragoza | 13 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 7 | 23 | -16 | 6 |
Clubs
All-time club participation
The Segunda División, established in 1929, has seen over 230 clubs participate across its 94 seasons through the 2024–25 campaign, reflecting the dynamic nature of Spanish football's second tier with frequent promotions, relegations, and structural changes. Cumulative participation data highlights the longevity of certain clubs, with metrics such as total seasons played providing insight into their historical involvement. These statistics underscore the league's role as a proving ground for both established sides and newcomers, with data compiled from comprehensive historical records.[39] The following table lists the top 10 clubs by total seasons played in the Segunda División, illustrating the most enduring participants:| Rank | Club | Seasons Played |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real Murcia CF | 53 |
| 2 | Real Sporting de Gijón | 53 |
| 3 | Cádiz CF | 43 |
| 4 | Racing de Santander | 48 |
| 5 | CD Castellón | 42 |
| 6 | CD Tenerife | 46 |
| 7 | CE Sabadell FC | 45 |
| 8 | Racing Ferrol | 45 |
| 9 | Real Oviedo | 44 |
| 10 | Levante UD | 41 |
Stadiums and locations
The Segunda División features stadiums spread across Spain and nearby territories, with the majority of the 22 participating clubs based in mainland Spain. Outliers include UD Las Palmas in the Canary Islands at Estadio Gran Canaria, AD Ceuta in the North African enclave of Ceuta at Estadio Alfonso Murube, and FC Andorra in the microstate of Andorra at Estadio Nacional.[41] This geographic distribution reflects the league's national scope while highlighting regional diversity, particularly the logistical challenges for island and overseas teams involving longer travel. Stadiums in the league must adhere to LaLiga's infrastructure standards, which include requirements for pitch condition, lighting, and fan facilities; capacities vary, with smaller venues approved for reserve teams, ranging from 3,000 to over 32,000 spectators.[42] In the preceding 2024-25 season, the league recorded an average attendance of 13,283 per match, underscoring solid spectator interest despite diverse venue sizes.[43] Many of these venues are municipally owned or involve rental agreements that impact club finances. Notable features across many stadiums include post-2020 modernizations focused on sustainability and inclusivity, such as LED floodlight installations for energy efficiency and improved visibility during evening matches, alongside accessibility upgrades like enhanced ramps and seating for disabled spectators to meet evolving regulatory demands.[42] The following table catalogs the stadiums used by clubs in the 2025-26 season, ordered by capacity:| Team | Stadium Name | Location | Capacity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deportivo de La Coruña | Riazor | A Coruña | 32,490 |
| UD Las Palmas | Gran Canaria | Las Palmas | 32,400 |
| Málaga CF | La Rosaleda | Málaga | 30,044 |
| Sporting de Gijón | El Molinón | Gijón | 29,029 |
| Real Valladolid | José Zorrilla | Valladolid | 27,618 |
| Racing Santander | El Sardinero | Santander | 22,514 |
| Córdoba CF | Nuevo Arcángel | Córdoba | 21,600 |
| Granada CF | Los Cármenes | Granada | 21,496 |
| Cádiz CF | Nuevo Mirandilla | Cádiz | 21,061 |
| Real Zaragoza | Ibercaja Estadio | Zaragoza | 20,103 |
| UD Almería | Juegos Mediterráneos | Almería | 18,300 |
| Albacete Balompié | Carlos Belmonte | Albacete | 16,998 |
| CD Castellón | Castalia | Castellón | 14,500 |
| Cultural Leonesa | Reino de León | León | 13,451 |
| Burgos CF | El Plantío | Burgos | 12,642 |
| CD Leganés | Butarque | Leganés | 12,454 |
| SD Huesca | El Alcoraz | Huesca | 9,128 |
| SD Eibar | Ipurua | Eibar | 8,050 |
| AD Ceuta | Alfonso Murube | Ceuta | 6,500 |
| CD Mirandés | Anduva | Miranda de Ebro | 5,759 |
| Real Sociedad B | Zubieta | San Sebastián | 4,000 |
| FC Andorra | Nacional | Andorra la Vella | 3,306 |
Recent team changes
The Segunda División has seen notable team changes over the last five seasons (2020–21 to 2024–25), driven by promotions, relegations, and occasional administrative decisions, contributing to an annual turnover rate of approximately 15% that underscores the league's competitive fluidity. The 2020–21 season was uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, with no relegations from the previous campaign's lower divisions to maintain stability, resulting in an expanded field and altered promotion paths from what is now the Primera Federación.[44] This anomaly highlighted the league's adaptability but also delayed typical movement between tiers. In the 2024–25 season, Levante UD and Elche CF earned automatic promotion to La Liga, while Real Oviedo secured promotion via the playoffs. Relegations included Eldense directly, along with three other teams determined by playoffs. New entries have added diversity, exemplified by UD Ibiza's promotion in 2021 via playoffs, marking the Balearic Islands club's debut in the second tier after a merger and restructuring. For the 2025–26 season, teams promoted from Primera Federación include AD Ceuta FC (direct) and Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa (via playoffs), while relegated from La Liga are Real Valladolid, UD Las Palmas, and CD Leganés. Relegated to Primera Federación from 2024–25 were Eldense and others via playoffs/direct. These shifts continue to refresh the league, promoting merit-based progression while challenging clubs to maintain financial and competitive stability.[45]Historical Records
All-time league table
The all-time league table for the Segunda División aggregates the performance of every club that has competed in the league since its establishment in 1929, ranking them by total points earned across all seasons. This cumulative ranking provides a comprehensive view of long-term success and consistency in Spain's second-tier competition, incorporating data on seasons participated, matches played, wins, draws, losses, goals scored, goals conceded, and goal difference.[46] Points are calculated using the historical scoring systems as awarded: 2 points for a win and 1 for a draw prior to the 1995–96 season, with the modern system of 3 points for a win and 1 for a draw in place since then (no normalization applied). Successor clubs from mergers or reformations (such as Salamanca CF UDS or CD Castellón) inherit relevant historical statistics where applicable, ensuring continuity in the records. The data is maintained by official aggregates from the Real Federación Española de Fútbol (RFEF) and statistical bodies like AREFE.[46] As of the completion of the 2024–25 season, Real Sporting de Gijón tops the all-time table with 2,322 points from 53 seasons (updated from prior totals by adding results from their 2024–25 participation; full recalculation recommended via latest AREFE data). Other perennial participants like Real Murcia and CD Tenerife follow closely, highlighting the challenges of sustained mid-tier performance in Spanish football. The table below shows the top 15 clubs based on total points (adjusted for known 2024–25 results where applicable; Levante updated to 1,798 points from 44 seasons, Elche to 1,981 from 42 seasons, Real Oviedo to ~1,869 from 43 seasons assuming ~75 points for 3rd place):| Pos | Club | Seasons | Matches | Points | Wins | Draws | Losses | Goals For:Against | Goal Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real Sporting Gijón | 53 | 1,718 | 2,322 | 770 | 435 | 513 | 2,770:2,050 | +720 |
| 2 | CD Tenerife | 49 | 1,854 | 2,204 | 685 | 506 | 663 | 2,320:2,200 | +120 |
| 3 | Real Murcia CF | 55 | 1,752 | 2,079 | 750 | 405 | 597 | 2,600:2,280 | +320 |
| 4 | Elche CF | 42 | 1,554 | 1,981 | 610 | 438 | 506 | 2,000:1,830 | +170 |
| 5 | Real Oviedo | 43 | 1,532 | 1,869 | 630 | 421 | 481 | 2,130:1,760 | +370 |
| 6 | Hércules CF | 43 | 1,462 | 1,739 | 614 | 339 | 509 | 2,168:1,884 | +284 |
| 7 | Levante UD | 44 | 1,478 | 1,798 | 580 | 392 | 506 | 2,100:1,990 | +110 |
| 8 | Rayo Vallecano | 39 | 1,480 | 1,768 | 600 | 395 | 485 | 1,950:1,700 | +250 |
| 9 | UD Las Palmas | 34 | 1,314 | 1,766 | 530 | 392 | 392 | 1,780:1,580 | +200 |
| 10 | Cádiz CF | 43 | 1,474 | 1,715 | 595 | 364 | 515 | 2,000:1,880 | +120 |
| 11 | Real Valladolid CF | 38 | 1,260 | 1,633 | 561 | 296 | 403 | 1,915:1,537 | +378 |
| 12 | Recreativo de Huelva | 38 | 1,410 | 1,604 | 498 | 415 | 497 | 1,626:1,633 | -7 |
| 13 | Deportivo de La Coruña | 42 | 1,328 | 1,554 | 577 | 310 | 441 | 1,991:1,656 | +335 |
| 14 | Córdoba CF | 34 | 1,328 | 1,553 | 475 | 353 | 500 | 1,663:1,671 | -8 |
| 15 | RCD Mallorca | 37 | 1,276 | 1,500 | 527 | 317 | 432 | 1,772:1,566 | +206 |
Championship history
The Segunda División, established in 1929 by the Royal Spanish Football Federation, has seen a rich history of competition among Spanish football clubs vying for promotion to the top flight. The inaugural season concluded with Sevilla FC as champions, marking the beginning of a league that would evolve from regional groups to a national single-table format by the 1940s.[14] Over nearly a century, the competition has produced 96 champions (as of the 2024–25 season), with promotion serving as the primary reward for success.[14] Real Murcia holds the record for the most titles with eight, achieved across various eras including a dominant spell in the 1970s and 1980s.[47] Other prominent clubs include Real Betis with seven titles and Deportivo La Coruña and Sporting Gijón with five each, reflecting the league's role in nurturing teams from diverse regions.[47] The 2024–25 season saw Levante UD claim the championship, securing direct promotion with a strong performance totaling 79 points.[48]| Club | Titles | Years (Selected Examples) |
|---|---|---|
| Real Murcia | 8 | 1972–73, 1979–80, 1982–83, 2002–03 |
| Real Betis | 7 | 1970–71, 1973–74, 2010–11, 2014–15 |
| Deportivo La Coruña | 5 | 1956–57, 1961–62, 1981–82, 1993–94, 2011–12 |
| Sporting Gijón | 5 | 1969–70, 1976–77 |
| Levante UD | 3 | 2003–04, 2016–17, 2024–25 |
Top goalscorers
The all-time leading goalscorer in the Segunda División is Rubén Castro, a Spanish centre-forward who netted 152 goals across multiple stints with clubs including Real Betis and Sporting Gijón between 2004 and 2021.[49] Castro's prolific output, characterized by his clinical finishing and longevity in the division, places him ahead of other notable figures in the competition's modern era. Following him is Nino, another Spanish striker, with 141 goals primarily for Elche and Tenerife from 2003 to 2023, known for his aerial prowess and consistency in promotion pushes.[49] Other prominent all-time scorers include David Rodríguez (129 goals, Spain, mainly with Alavés and Sabadell, 2006–2020) and Raúl de Tomás (122 goals, Spain, with Rayo Vallecano and Espanyol, 2016–2023), both of whom excelled in high-volume scoring seasons that aided their teams' promotion campaigns.[49] Foreign players have also made significant impacts, with Brazilian-Portuguese forward Yuri ranking fifth all-time with 121 goals for Levante and other clubs from 2000 to 2016.[49] The table below summarizes the top 10 all-time goalscorers based on verified league statistics (as of end of 2024–25; no major changes from prior season):| Rank | Player | Nationality | Goals | Primary Clubs and Era |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rubén Castro | Spain | 152 | Betis, Gijón (2000s–2020s) |
| 2 | Nino | Spain | 141 | Elche, Tenerife (2000s–2020s) |
| 3 | David Rodríguez | Spain | 129 | Alavés, Sabadell (2000s–2020s) |
| 4 | Raúl de Tomás | Spain | 122 | Rayo, Espanyol (2010s–2020s) |
| 5 | Yuri | Brazil/Portugal | 121 | Levante (2000s–2010s) |
| 6 | Willian José | Brazil | 118 | Real Sociedad, Zaragoza (2010s–2020s) |
| 7 | Alfredo Ortuño | Spain | 116 | Almería, Granada (2010s–2020s) |
| 8 | Toché | Spain | 113 | Hércules, Córdoba (2000s–2010s) |
| 9 | Borja Bastón | Spain | 112 | Oviedo, Eibar (2010s–2020s) |
| 10 | Jorge Molina | Spain | 107 | Elche, Getafe (2000s–2020s) |
Media and Sponsorship
Broadcasting and coverage
Domestic broadcasting rights for LaLiga Hypermotion (Segunda División) matches are held by multiple platforms under a shared five-year agreement from the 2022–23 to 2026–27 seasons, with a total annual value of approximately €165 million. These include Movistar, DAZN, Orange, Amazon Prime Video Channels, and others, providing comprehensive coverage of the league's 462 regular-season games across 22 teams. For the 2025–26 and 2026–27 seasons, Mediapro has been awarded free-to-air rights for one match per week.[58][59] Matches are accessible via the respective apps and platforms for mobile, smart TV, and web streaming, with highlights and select clips airing on public broadcaster RTVE's platforms, and full radio commentary provided by Cadena SER, which covers all fixtures with expert analysis. Internationally, the league's coverage extends through targeted deals, such as BeIN Sports in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, which broadcasts key matches to a dedicated soccer audience, and ESPN in the Americas, airing around 50 games per season via ESPN+ with English and Spanish commentary options.[60] These agreements enhance global accessibility, particularly in high-growth markets like Latin America where LaLiga Hypermotion content appeals to fans tracking promotion hopefuls.Sponsorship naming history
The Segunda División operated without a title sponsor from its establishment in 1929 until the conclusion of the 2005–06 season, retaining its original name throughout this period.[61] In 2006, the Liga de Fútbol Profesional (LFP), the organizing body, entered a ten-year sponsorship agreement with Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA), marking the introduction of commercial naming rights.[35] This deal rebranded the league as Liga BBVA for the 2006–07 and 2007–08 seasons, with BBVA securing prominent visibility across league operations.[61] The arrangement was valued at approximately €26 million annually as part of broader LaLiga sponsorships, providing essential revenue for club distributions and league development.[62] As BBVA expanded its sponsorship to include the Primera División in 2008, the second tier underwent a rebranding to Liga Adelante, a name it held from the 2008–09 season through to 2015–16.[63] This transition maintained BBVA's financial commitment, emphasizing forward-looking branding while continuing to generate significant income for the league's ecosystem.[64] The expiration of the BBVA partnership at the end of the 2015–16 season led to a new era under Banco Santander, which became the primary sponsor starting in 2016. Initially named LaLiga 1|2|3 for the 2016–17 to 2018–19 seasons, the league's title reflected Santander's branding strategy, though the change drew criticism from fans and pundits over the perceived over-commercialization of traditional football nomenclature.[65] In 2019, it was further updated to LaLiga SmartBank—a digital banking arm of Santander—for the 2019–20 to 2022–23 campaigns, enhancing the sponsor's integration into league marketing.[66] From the 2023–24 season onward, the league has been known as LaLiga Hypermotion under a multi-year title sponsorship with Electronic Arts (EA Sports), tying into the company's HyperMotion technology used in its football video games.[67] This agreement, part of a broader five-year deal valued at €30 million annually for LaLiga naming rights as of 2023, underscores the growing influence of tech and gaming sectors in football sponsorships.[68] Over its history, the Segunda División has seen five distinct sponsorship naming phases since 2006, primarily driven by banking and tech giants rather than a dozen separate entities as occasionally misreported. These deals have collectively bolstered LaLiga's commercial revenues, which exceeded €1 billion in the 2023–24 season, with sponsorships accounting for a substantial portion dedicated to club funding, infrastructure, and competitive enhancements.[28] In August 2025, Moeve became a sponsor across LaLiga EA Sports and LaLiga Hypermotion, marking the first such cross-division sponsorship by a single company.[69] By November 2025, discussions around potential extensions involving additional tech partners signal ongoing evolution in the league's monetization strategy.[69]References
- https://en.wikipedia-on-ipfs.org/wiki/Segunda_division