Hubbry Logo
search
logo
1393894

Lenauheim

logo
Community Hub0 Subscribers
Write something...
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
See all
Lenauheim

Lenauheim (until 1926 Cetad; German: Lenauheim, formerly Tschatad; Hungarian: Csatád; Serbian: Ленаухајм, romanizedLenauhajm) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Bulgăruș, Grabaț and Lenauheim (commune seat). Lenauheim was named after the poet Nikolaus Lenau, born here in 1802.

Lenauheim is located in the western part of Timiș County, 45 km (28 mi) from Timișoara and 14 km (8.7 mi) from Jimbolia, the nearest town. It borders Lovrin and Sânpetru Mare to the north, Biled and Cărpiniș to the east, Jimbolia to the south and Comloșu Mare to the west.

Lenauheim lies within a wide plain, slightly inclined to the southwest and south, with an average altitude of 85–90 m. The whole relief is characterized by the predominance of smooth surfaces typical of the extremities of the Pannonian Plain.

Lenauheim's climate is classified as warm and temperate and is strongly influenced by the Mediterranean climate, especially the Adriatic one. Winters are relatively mild and often snow-free, springs are short and with sudden shifts from cold to warm seasons, and summers are quite hot and sometimes with heavy rainfall. Autumn is generally marked by good weather, although sometimes, towards the end of this season, there are frosts and snows damaging the crops. The average annual temperature is 10.8 °C (51.4 °F), with a variation between 9.2 and 12.6 °C (48.6 and 54.7 °F). The coldest month is January (−2.5 °C or 27.5 °F), while the warmest month is July (22.2 °C or 72.0 °F). The average rainfall is 570 mm (22 in) per year, with a variation between 321.4 and 749.9 mm (12.65 and 29.52 in). During drier years, the area acquires a more pronounced character of steppe, and during the rainier years, of forest-steppe. Most precipitation falls in May – 76.2 mm (3 in), then in June – 60.6 mm (2.39 in). Rainy winds blow from the west and southwest. Sometimes, in the summer, they bring storms and hail. The strength of the winds varies between 2.3–3 m/s (8.3–10.8 km/h; 5.1–6.7 mph), but in some cases they turn into real hurricanes. In particular, spring winds sometimes cause serious damage to vegetable crops by destroying nurseries, solariums and greenhouses.

Located in a steppe area, Lenauheim is deficient in running waters. The hydrographic network is poorly represented, the running waters with constant and permanent flow being absent. However, this situation is supplemented by a network of canals oriented towards Bega (the drainage ones) and towards Mureș (the supply ones), a network that was executed within some hydro-improvement works with the participation of the locals between 1957 and 1960.

The vegetation is rich due to favorable climate and soil conditions. The rich humus of the soil makes the grassy vegetation to be widespread, and the weeds to grow vigorously. The plants found in this area are part of different categories of floristic elements, predominating the Central European one with strong Mediterranean influences. Around 1880, in the northwestern part of Lenauheim, there was an oak forest that stretched over several tens of hectares and belonged to the Aerarium. The Aerarium sold it and it was completely cleared, being turned into arable land. The spread of the conifers is limited. However, there are specimens of Picea abies (spruce), Abies alba (silver fir), Abies concolor (white fir), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir), different species of pine (Pinus strobus, nigra and sylvestris), and in the Lenauheim school park small specimens of Larix decidua (larch), Taxus baccata (yew) and Juniperus communis (juniper). Although it is not a fruit-growing region, there are still many species of fruit trees: apple, pear, quince, cherry plum, apricot, plum, peach, walnut, sour cherry, cherry, and among the Mediterranean species, fig and almond. The arboretum is most widespread along the railways, on the edge of roads and ponds and to a lesser extent in people's gardens. Corylus avellana (hazel), Sambucus nigra (black elderberry), Rosa canina (dog rose), Prunus spinosa (blackthorn), Salix purpurea (purple willow), Humulus lupulus (hop), Syringa vulgaris (lilac), Berberis vulgaris (barberry) and numerous other shrub and semi-shrub species grow here. Water plants are less widespread due to the lack of running waters and larger swampy areas. There are, however, small areas covered with a fairly rich aquatic vegetation consisting of reeds and rushes, bulrushes, sedges, and in the waters of the ponds duckweeds and water silk.

The intensive development of agriculture, the cutting of the oak forest near Lenauheim, and more recently of the edges of black locust and the clumps of weeping willows and poplars led to the limitation of the animal species that populate this region. Bustards, little bustards and black storks have disappeared, while grouses and red-breasted geese are birds of passage. During milder winters there are some species of birds that are not commonly found in the area and in its surroundings: little and great bittern, glossy ibis, northern lapwing, water rail, green and black woodpecker, etc. Mammals found here include deer, fox, hare, hamster, suslik, field mouse, some of which are harmful to agricultural crops. Reptiles are represented by viviparous lizard and green lizard, and batrachians by marsh frog, green toad and tree frog. Insects are quite numerous: bees, wasps, mole crickets, locusts, crickets, ants, ladybugs, beetles, caterpillar hunters, Colorado beetles, etc., as well as numerous butterflies. Fish are missing apart from some common species characteristic of stagnant waters.

The first evidence of the existence of a community in present-day Lenauheim is from the 3rd–4th centuries. Archaeological studies from 1960 have brought to light vessels made in the post-Roman period. These vessels are exhibited at the National Museum of Banat in Timișoara.

See all
User Avatar
No comments yet.