Madam Walker became ill with hypertension. This was exacerbated by the exhaustive travel for promoting her business and training her agents.

Madam C. J. Walker died of kidney failure and complications from hypertension at Villa Lewaro. She was only 51 years old.

After Madam Walker's death, her daughter A'Lelia Walker took over the leadership of the company, continuing to expand its reach and influence. The company remained a successful Black-owned enterprise for several decades.

Madam C. J. Walker's legacy continues to inspire entrepreneurs, particularly women of color. She is remembered as a self-made millionaire, a philanthropist, and a pioneer who empowered African American women through economic opportunity and self-reliance. Her story is a testament to the power of hard work, determination, and social responsibility.

The story of Madam C.J. Walker's life was made into a Netflix limited series titled, "Self Made: Inspired by the Life of Madam C.J. Walker" starring Octavia Spencer.