Hubbry Logo
These Happy Golden YearsThese Happy Golden YearsMain
Open search
These Happy Golden Years
Community hub
These Happy Golden Years
logo
7 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
These Happy Golden Years
These Happy Golden Years
These Happy Golden Years
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia

These Happy Golden Years is an autobiographical children's novel written by Laura Ingalls Wilder and published in 1943, the eighth of nine books in her Little House series – although it originally ended it.[1] It is based on her later adolescence near De Smet, South Dakota, featuring her short time as a teacher, beginning at age 15, and her courtship with Almanzo Wilder. It spans the time period from 1882 to 1885, when they marry.

Key Information

The novel was a Newbery Honor book in 1944, as were the previous four Little House books.[4]

Plot summary

[edit]

The novel covers the period in Laura’s life before she marries. At 15, she begins work as a teacher twelve miles away from her home in South Dakota to earn money for her sister Mary’s college education. During her tenure, she boards with the head of the school board and his wife. Almanzo, her neighbor back home, begins driving the 24 miles to and from the school so Laura can return home on weekends.

After Laura successfully finishes her tenure and returns home, Almanzo continues to invite Laura out sleighing, beginning their courtship. Laura and Almanzo's romance continues to blossom until he offers her an engagement ring. She accepts his proposal to be married the following summer. When Almanzo tells his family of the engagement, his older sister Eliza Jane (the unfair schoolteacher "Miss Wilder" in Little Town on the Prairie) plans to throw an elaborate wedding. To stop Eliza Jane from taking over their wedding, Laura agrees to be married quickly. She and Almanzo are married quietly in a small ceremony conducted by the local pastor. The novel ends with the newlyweds leaving for the little house Almanzo built for them.

Historical background

[edit]

"Lew Brewster" was a pseudonym for Louis Bouchie. He was a distant relative of Mr. Boast, a good friend of the Ingallses who appears in several of Laura's books. Besides the fictional character of Nellie Oleson (who was modeled after three different girls whom Wilder knew), Bouchie and his wife were the only people whose names Wilder changed, as Louis Bouchie and his wife, identified as "Lib Brewster" in the story, were unpleasant people and Wilder wished to respect their privacy.

It has been speculated that Mrs. Bouchie may not have been mean or petulant at heart, but besides possibly having inherent mental challenges, (indicated not only by her own fumingly-sulky attitude, but also that of her toxically-hyperactive young son John) she was a victim of an unbalanced diet, overwork, isolation, cabin fever, prairie-wind madness, and possibly even irrational jealousy of the more youthfully attractive Laura who had suddenly joined the household. It's even thought that Mrs. Bouchie might have gotten the wrong idea about why her husband brought Laura to live with them, harboring unwarranted fear and resentment in the mistaken belief that Louis had become dissatisfied with her, and thus his purportedly-innocent reason - to give Laura a place to stay during her teaching stint - had actually been a ruse to allow him to have a younger female in his home.

As stated in Wilder's book, however, the unsociable and perpetually sullen Louis Bouchie seldom displayed any interest in Laura; if anything, he seemed to view her as a burden - his sole reason for boarding her was that he wished to help his relatives (Mr. Boast and the Brewster children in Laura's classes) and Mr. Boast's long-term friends (Charles Ingalls and his family) by providing the local schoolteacher a temporary place to stay.

Today there is a small town called Carthage, South Dakota, where Wilder placed the Brewster settlement, although it is unclear if Carthage grew out of the original Bouchie (Brewster) settlement.

Nellie Oleson, depicted in this story, is actually a combination of two of Wilder's rivals: Genevieve Masters, in the school passages, and Stella Gilbert, in the passages about the buggy rides with Wilder and Almanzo. The news Wilder hears near the end of the book, that "Nellie has gone back East", refers to Genevieve Masters.

Wilder’s daughter, Rose Wilder Lane, helped write, revise, and publish the Little House series. The extent of Lane's role in her mother's Little House book series has remained unclear.[5]

Themes/Analysis

[edit]

Preeminent American literature scholars John Miller and Ann Romines acknowledge Wilder’s literary talent in articulating feminist western pioneerism. Romines argues that These Happy Golden Years received the least amount of revision and oversight from Lane compared to other books in the series, writing that “these are vital female plots without the end-stops of climax and denouement.”[6] She posits that Ma’s character grows in importance throughout the series and becomes especially pertinent in These Happy Golden Years in contrast to Pa’s pioneering impulses. De Smet embodies contrasting masculine and feminine forces that force Laura to balance earning a living as a teacher, while accepting marriage as her destiny. Laura’s struggle with her feminine identity implicitly resonates with American girls and women, Romines argues, explaining the book’s continuous appeal.[6]

Reception

[edit]

Virginia Kirkus, Wilder's first editor at Harper, approved the novel in Kirkus Reviews as "a splendid addition to the other fine books in the series".[3] The 3rd to 6th volumes had received starred reviews.

The novel joined the 4th to 7th volumes as Newbery Honor Books.[4]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

These Happy Golden Years

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
These Happy Golden Years is an autobiographical children's novel by , serving as the eighth and penultimate book in her Little House series, originally published on March 17, 1943, by Harper & Brothers. The story, illustrated by Helen Sewell, follows fifteen-year-old Laura Ingalls as she begins teaching school twelve miles from her family's home in , enduring homesickness while contributing to her family's finances and her sister Mary's at a college for the blind. Spanning the years 1882 to 1885 in the Dakota Territory, the narrative details Laura's teaching experiences in remote settlements like Brewster and , her social life including singing school and parties, and her evolving romance with , culminating in their marriage at age eighteen. The book received a Newbery Honor in 1944, recognizing its distinguished contribution to American , and was later re-illustrated by in 1953 as part of the series' uniform edition. Wilder's work draws from her own pioneer experiences, blending historical accuracy with fictionalized elements to depict the challenges and joys of frontier life, themes of family resilience, and the transition to adulthood. As the conclusion to the main Little House saga—followed only by the posthumously published The First Four Years—it provides a satisfying romantic resolution while highlighting the era's social norms, economic hardships, and community bonds in the late 19th-century American West.

Publication History

Original Release

These Happy Golden Years was first published on March 17, 1943 by Harper & Brothers as the eighth and concluding volume in Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House series. At the time of publication, Wilder was 76 years old, having begun the series over a decade earlier with Little House in the Big Woods in 1932. The book was the result of close collaboration between Wilder and her daughter, , who served as editor and contributed significantly to refining the manuscript, including the addition of descriptive details and structural enhancements. The narrative drew directly from Wilder's personal journals and letters dating to the , capturing her experiences as a young teacher and her courtship with . Wilder intentionally structured the book to conclude the series with her marriage, providing a satisfying resolution to Laura's and marking the end of the pioneer family's central saga. Harper & Brothers marketed it as the definitive finale, emphasizing its themes of maturation and fulfillment to appeal to the series' established young readership. The original edition featured illustrations by Helen Sewell and Mildred Boyle, with Sewell's cover art depicting a serene scene in warm, golden tones that echoed the title's optimistic imagery.

Later Editions and Revisions

Following the original 1943 publication, a revised edition of These Happy Golden Years was released in 1953 by Harper & Brothers, featuring new black-and-white illustrations by to align the artwork across the entire Little House series. This edition maintained the core text while standardizing visual elements for consistency, with Williams' detailed drawings depicting key scenes such as Laura's schoolteaching experiences and her courtship with . Minor editorial adjustments for clarity were incorporated, though no substantial narrative alterations occurred at this stage. International translations of the book began in the 1950s, contributing to the global reach of the Little House series, which has since been rendered in over 40 languages. Early adaptations included Swedish editions published in the 1950s, with phrasing adjusted to resonate with local cultural contexts, such as emphasizing communal life. Japanese translations followed in the 1960s, part of broader post-World War II approvals for the series. continued reissuing the book in the 1970s through affordable paperback formats, retaining Williams' illustrations while updating covers to appeal to new generations of readers. These editions helped sustain the series' popularity amid growing interest in literature. Digital formats emerged from 2010 onward, with e-book versions available via platforms like Kindle, preserving the 1953 textual baseline without further modifications. Audiobook adaptations include a notable 2006 release narrated by for HarperAudio, which captures the novel's themes of maturation and romance through expressive , spanning approximately 6 hours and 44 minutes. Later digital editions, such as the 2017 Audible version, reused this narration to make the content accessible in modern audio formats.

Narrative Overview

Plot Summary

At fifteen years old, Laura Ingalls begins her first teaching assignment in the remote Brewster settlement, twelve miles from her family's home in , where she boards with the Brewster family and manages a of unruly students amid a tense household atmosphere. Her father, , drives her to the schoolhouse at the start of the term, but , a young homesteader, volunteers to transport her home each weekend via sleigh or buggy, enduring harsh winter conditions including sudden blizzards that test their endurance during the long, cold rides. Despite homesickness and challenges with disruptive pupils like young Clarence, Laura completes the four-month term successfully, contributing her earnings toward her sister Mary's tuition at the Iowa College for the Blind. Returning home, Laura resumes her studies and attends singing school in town, where her budding relationship with Almanzo evolves through shared activities such as evening buggy rides, summer picnics, and romantic sleigh outings under the stars, gradually deepening into over the next two years. During this period, Laura takes on two additional teaching positions: one at the Perry School south of the homestead and another at the Wilkins School northwest of De Smet, each involving long commutes and further opportunities for Almanzo to drive her, strengthening their bond amid the prairie landscape. Almanzo proposes marriage after Laura's eighteenth birthday, and she accepts, prompting her to leave teaching behind to prepare for their future together. The Ingalls family endures significant hardships during these years, compounded by financial pressures from crop failures and the economic strains of the early blizzards that isolate the town and disrupt daily life. These challenges heighten the family's resilience as Laura balances her personal growth with support for her parents and siblings. In the summer of 1885, Laura and Almanzo marry in a simple ceremony at the Ingalls home on August 25, attended by family and close friends, marking the end of her and the beginning of their independent life. The narrative concludes with reflections on their early married days, as the couple moves into a modest claim shanty on Almanzo's tree claim north of De Smet, where they establish their household and face the realities of together.

Character Development

Laura Ingalls undergoes a profound transformation in These Happy Golden Years, evolving from a spirited schoolgirl into a self-reliant young woman poised for marriage. At fifteen, she begins her teaching career, which fosters her independence as she earns wages to support her family, demonstrating resilience amid challenging rural conditions. This period marks her romantic awakening through courtship with Almanzo Wilder, where she navigates emotional vulnerability while asserting her autonomy, notably by refusing to include an obedience vow in their wedding ceremony. Her growth reflects a balance of adventurous tomboy traits—such as enjoying buggy rides with unbroken horses—and maturing responsibilities, preparing her for wifely roles under Ma's tutelage. Almanzo Wilder is depicted as a steadfast and quiet suitor, whose farming ambitions underscore his reliability and shared pioneer values. Initially introduced through friendly buggy rides to town events like singing school, his character develops into a devoted partner who respects Laura's , gifting her a after their to affirm their bond. His calm demeanor contrasts with Laura's liveliness, providing emotional stability during her stints away from home, and his persistent highlights themes of mutual in 19th-century rural romance. Supporting characters enrich Laura's arc through their defined roles in the family dynamic. Mary's blindness, resulting from , heightens her dependence on Laura, who acts as her "eyes" by describing the world, thereby deepening their relational interdependence and Laura's sense of duty. Pa embodies optimistic resilience, offering guidance during Laura's absences and reinforcing family perseverance with his dreamer spirit and practical advice on hard work. Ma provides domestic guidance, imparting on and marital preparation, such as the "A body makes his own luck," which influences Laura's emerging self-sufficiency. Antagonistic elements, particularly tense boarding situations like staying with the sullen Mrs. Brewster during a teaching assignment, test Laura's maturing judgments and emotional fortitude. These experiences expose her to and isolation, prompting her to exercise restraint and discernment rather than youthful , as she prioritizes her professional duties and personal growth over confrontation. Such interactions highlight her psychological advancement in handling adversity with composure. Ensemble dynamics, especially the sisterly bonds between Laura and Carrie, evolve from playful childhood interactions to adult mutual support, mirroring the family's broader resilience. As Laura takes on teaching roles, Carrie steps into more household responsibilities, fostering a reciprocal reliance that strengthens their emotional connection and underscores themes of familial solidarity in the face of Laura's increasing independence.

Historical Context

Autobiographical Foundations

These Happy Golden Years draws extensively from Laura Ingalls Wilder's personal experiences during her late teenage years in , particularly her transition from student to teacher and her courtship with . The narrative is rooted in Wilder's own diaries spanning 1882 to 1885, which provide firsthand accounts of her daily life, including her first teaching assignment in December 1883 at a rural near the Bouchie family home—depicted in the book as Bouquet Valley—and her initial outings with Wilder, such as their first together on December 25, 1883. These diary entries capture the challenges of boarding with during the harsh Dakota winters and the budding romance that developed amid her teaching duties. Wilder's real-life marriage to on August 25, 1885, at the home of Reverend Edward Brown in De Smet closely parallels the book's joyful wedding scene, marking the culmination of their two-year and her brief career. The ceremony, attended by family and friends, reflected the optimism of young pioneers settling in the Dakota Territory, much as portrayed in the novel's conclusion. Additionally, the book incorporates authentic family events, such as the devastating impact of the 1881 blizzard on the Ingalls homestead, which forced the family to endure extreme cold, food shortages, and isolation during what became known as the "Long Winter"—a period of relentless storms that tested their resilience. While faithful to many details, Wilder intentionally omitted or softened the severe hardships that followed her marriage, including repeated crop failures due to drought in the late 1880s, as well as the tragic death of their unnamed infant son, born in July 1889 and who died on August 7, 1889, shortly after birth—events that left the young couple financially ruined and physically weakened by illness. These omissions allowed the book to emphasize themes of hope and maturation rather than prolonged adversity, contrasting with the more candid depictions in her unpublished manuscript The First Four Years. Scholar William Anderson, in his biographical research, has verified that approximately 90% of the personal anecdotes in These Happy Golden Years align with historical records and Wilder's documented life, underscoring its strong autobiographical foundation while highlighting her selective storytelling for a younger audience.

Socioeconomic Setting

The Dakota Boom of the 1880s marked a period of rapid settlement in the , driven by the expansion of railroads and the allure of free land under federal policies. The arrival of the Chicago and North Western Railway in 1879 facilitated a surge in , as lines extended westward, enabling settlers to access previously remote prairies. In the De Smet area, this influx led to the platting of town lots in 1880, transforming the region from open grassland into a burgeoning agricultural hub with claim shanties dotting the landscape. Agricultural pursuits faced significant hurdles amid this expansion, including recurring droughts that strained water supplies and crop yields throughout the decade. The grasshopper plagues of the had lasting effects on the , with depletion and vulnerability continuing to impact into the 1880s. The severe blizzards of the 1880-1881 "white winter" exacerbated these issues, burying under deep snow and causing substantial losses through and exposure. The education system reflected the sparse rural setting, relying on one-room schoolhouses that served children from multiple grades in isolated communities. Teachers, often as young as 15, earned modest salaries of $25 to $40 per month, underscoring the entry-level nature of the profession in areas. Gender roles limited women's economic options, confining most to or as pathways to stability amid pioneer . Under the Homestead Act of 1862, settlers could claim 160-acre parcels by constructing basic dwellings like claim shanties and residing on the land for five years, fostering the patchwork of family farms that defined the territory's economy.

Themes and Interpretation

Maturation and Independence

In These Happy Golden Years, Laura Ingalls's teaching career emerges as a pivotal of her within the constraints of pioneer life. At age fifteen, Laura accepts her first teaching position in a remote schoolhouse, earning $25 a month—her initial wages—which she dutifully contributes to the family to support her sister Mary's education at the College for the Blind in . This role not only marks her entry into the adult workforce but also underscores the economic pressures on young women in late-nineteenth-century , where formal education for girls often led directly to such provisional employment rather than higher aspirations. Laura grapples with profound internal conflicts as she balances the exuberance of youth against mounting adult responsibilities, a tension that peaks in her deliberate choice of . Outings like haystack picnics and buggy rides with offer fleeting joys amid the drudgery of boarding with difficult families during her teaching stints, yet Laura repeatedly weighs these against her obligations to her parents and siblings. Her decision to marry Almanzo at eighteen represents a culmination of this struggle, framed not as capitulation but as a self-determined step toward a partnered , where she insists on mutual rather than . The title These Happy Golden Years symbolizes an optimistic interlude of transition from girlhood dependency to womanhood's , evoking the precious, sunlit phase of late before full domestic burdens set in. Drawing from the song lyric "Passing on the wings of time, / These happy golden years" by Will L. Thompson (1879), it captures Laura's reflective nostalgia for this period of emerging agency amid the prairie hardships. Unlike the survival-focused narratives of earlier volumes, the title affirms a buoyant progression, highlighting personal fulfillment even within societal limits. Compared to the initial books like Little House in the Big Woods, where Laura appears as a dependent reliant on Pa's provisions and Ma's guidance, These Happy Golden Years depicts her evolution into a self-assured adult capable of economic and emotional steadiness. In the early series, Laura's adventures are familial and exploratory, tethered to the household; by the finale, she navigates , contractual work, and relational choices, transforming from a "wild" girl into a composed provider. This arc illustrates Wilder's portrayal of maturation as a gradual accrual of resilience in a restrictive frontier environment. Scholars interpret this theme as embodying restrained female ambition, where Laura's growth affirms without overt rebellion against patriarchal norms. Similarly, Ann Romines examines how Laura transcends gendered domestic confines in the series' conclusion, achieving economic agency through while retaining an articulate, ambitious voice that subtly challenges pioneer expectations. Some analyses, such as Anita Clair Fellman's in Little House, Long Shadow (2008), highlight how Wilder's narratives champion and buoyancy of spirit, portraying women's independence as channeled through dutiful contributions rather than expansive pursuits. The series has also faced criticism for reinforcing conservative gender roles, with scholars like Fellman noting its libertarian undertones influenced by collaborator , which romanticize while downplaying systemic inequalities.

Romance and Family Dynamics

In These Happy Golden Years, Almanzo Wilder's courtship of Laura Ingalls exemplifies patient persistence over two years, marked by regular Sunday drives in his sleigh or buggy during winter and open carriage in summer, which provide opportunities for conversation and shared activities like singing songs or working with young colts together. These rituals reflect frontier courtship norms, emphasizing restraint and mutual respect rather than overt displays, culminating in Almanzo's proposal during a quiet drive where he offers an engagement ring, symbolizing his commitment to a future partnership. Laura's initial hesitation, rooted in her youth and family duties, gives way to acceptance, highlighting the emotional depth of their bond built through consistent, low-key companionship. Family influences shape Laura's romantic journey, with Pa Ingalls offering explicit approval of Almanzo despite the ten-year age difference, viewing him as a reliable provider aligned with pioneer values of hard work and . Ma Ingalls provides subtler guidance, reinforcing traditional domestic roles through advice on household management and attire, preparing Laura for while encouraging her independence within those expectations. These parental roles underscore the Ingalls family's emphasis on moral and practical preparation for adulthood, blending support with the transmission of generational values. Sibling dynamics further illuminate themes of loyalty amid separations, as Laura assumes a protective role toward her blind sister Mary, describing landscapes and news in vivid detail to compensate for Mary's loss of sight from scarlet fever, even as Laura's teaching jobs pull her away from home. This bond extends to younger sister Carrie, with Laura offering encouragement during family hardships, fostering resilience and unity despite physical distances caused by Laura's employment. Such interactions highlight familial as a counterbalance to individual pursuits. The novel portrays marital ideals through Laura and Almanzo's partnership as one of mutual support, foreshadowing early challenges like collaborative work on Almanzo's homestead claim, where Laura contributes to building and sewing while Almanzo handles farming tasks. Their wedding vows omit traditional promises of obedience at Laura's insistence, emphasizing equality and shared decision-making in facing frontier uncertainties. Critical interpretations note how this romance tempers the series' gritty realism with sentimental optimism, idealizing courtship and family bonds to evoke nostalgia for self-reliant American roots while subtly expanding women's agency within conservative structures.

Reception and Impact

Contemporary Reviews

Upon its publication in 1943, These Happy Golden Years received widespread praise from critics for providing an uplifting conclusion to Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House series, particularly amid the backdrop of . In the New York Times Book Review, Anne T. Eaton highlighted the novel's joyful tone and its role as a satisfying end to the saga, noting its appeal as escapist reading for young audiences during wartime. Similarly, described the book as embodying "Real Americana," a sentiment echoed in many contemporaneous reviews that celebrated its nostalgic portrayal of pioneer life. The Horn Book Magazine commended Wilder's vivid prose and authentic historical details. This acclaim contributed to the book's recognition as a Newbery Honor title in 1944, one of five such honors for Wilder's series, affirming its literary merit for children. Public reception was enthusiastic, with strong sales reflecting demand from young readers seeking comforting tales of resilience and family amid global uncertainty; the volume sold extremely well and was quickly reprinted. Libraries reported high circulation, as the pioneer narratives offered from wartime hardships. While largely positive, some critics offered minor reservations. Other reviewers, including one in the Saturday Review of Literature, noted that the book contained less dramatic adventure than earlier volumes in the series, focusing instead on quieter themes of and maturation, which some felt made for a somewhat rushed conclusion.

Cultural Legacy and Adaptations

These Happy Golden Years forms a cornerstone of the Little House series canon, concluding the primary narrative arc of Laura Ingalls Wilder's semi-autobiographical accounts of pioneer life while inspiring the of The First Four Years in 1971. This final installment, edited and released by from Wilder's unfinished manuscript, extends the story into the early years of Laura and Almanzo Wilder's marriage, maintaining the series' focus on resilience and bonds. The series as a whole has sold more than 73 million copies worldwide in over 100 countries as of 2025. The book's elements have been adapted into various media, notably influencing the final season of the television series Little House on the Prairie (1982–1983), where episodes depicted Laura's courtship, teaching experiences, and wedding to Almanzo, drawing directly from the novel's key events. Additionally, stage productions have brought the story to life, including the musical Little House on the Prairie, which premiered in 2008 at the Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis and incorporates scenes from These Happy Golden Years set in De Smet, South Dakota; regional theater versions have since performed across the United States. In January 2025, Netflix announced a reboot series adaptation of the Little House books, described as an epic family adventure in the American West, with Alice Halsey cast as Laura Ingalls; it is set to premiere later in 2025 or beyond. In education, These Happy Golden Years is commonly integrated into U.S. elementary curricula for grades 4–6, often as part of units on history that emphasize values like , , and perseverance amid hardship. Teacher guides and unit studies from publishers such as Memoria Press and Notgrass History facilitate its use in both public and homeschool settings, promoting discussions on 19th-century pioneer experiences. The novel's modern legacy includes scholarly reevaluations in the that critically examined its cultural depictions, particularly amid broader discussions of representation in . A pivotal moment came in 2018 when the Association for Library Service to Children renamed the Award—previously honoring lifetime contributions to —to the , citing Wilder's portrayals of and people of color as reflective of "dated cultural attitudes." This decision sparked academic analyses, such as those in The Cambridge Companion to (2022), which explore Gothic undertones in the series, including unsettling frontier encounters in These Happy Golden Years. Merchandise sustains its enduring appeal, with issuing a 50th anniversary edition in 1993 featuring updated illustrations by , alongside ongoing releases of collector's sets and related pioneer-themed products.

References

  1. http://www.pioneergirl.com/blog/archives/5055
  2. https://littlehouseontheprairie.com/these-happy-golden-years/
  3. https://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/bitstreams/10825f3d-cb48-4005-b606-dcb551df7f6f/download
  4. https://digitalcommons.oberlin.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1370&context=honors
  5. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4816&context=grp
  6. https://www.sdhspress.com/books/pioneer-girl-the-annotated-autobiography
  7. https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2003/winter/little-town-in-nara
  8. https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/101/6/bamsD190014.xml
  9. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/8-interesting-facts-about-laura-ingalls-wilder/16581/
  10. https://www.amazon.com/Laura-Ingalls-Wilder-Biography-Nonfiction/dp/0060885521
  11. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6847/baby_son-wilder
  12. http://www.pioneergirl.com/blog/archives/13979
  13. https://www.sdhspress.com/journal/south-dakota-history-16-4/place-and-community-in-the-little-town-on-the-prairie-de-smet-in-1883/vol-16-no-4-place-and-community-in-the-little-town-on-the-prairie.pdf
  14. https://sd4history.sd.gov/Unit6/hsandtblesson1.htm
  15. https://www.sdstate.edu/south-dakota-agricultural-heritage-museum/south-dakota-claim-shanty
  16. https://www.sdhspress.com/journal/south-dakota-history-28-4/they-were-in-far-too-great-want-federal-drought-relief-to-the-great-plains-1887-1895/vol-28-no-4-they-were-in-far-too-great-want.pdf
  17. https://history.nebraska.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/doc_publications_NH2008Grasshoppered.pdf
  18. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/64859/noaa_64859_DS1.pdf
  19. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED211269.pdf
  20. https://history.sd.gov/preservation/docs/SDSchools.pdf
  21. https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/90850/Jones_uwm_0263m_11248.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  22. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/homestead-act
  23. https://history.sd.gov/museum/docs/HomesteadingDakota.pdf
  24. https://theimaginativeconservative.org/2010/09/duty-and-maturity-little-house-series.html
  25. https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/lessons-in-liberty-from-laura-ingalls-wilder
  26. https://scholar.umw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1479&context=student_research
  27. http://www.pioneergirl.com/blog/archives/4348
  28. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/mqr/act2080.0039.226/--wild-and-wilder-gendered-spaces-in-narratives-for-children?g=mqrg%3Brgn=main%3Bview=fulltext%3Bxc=1
  29. https://press.umsystem.edu/9780826211949/little-house-long-shadow/
  30. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/j.ctt1n7zkgz
  31. https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/these-happy-golden-years-laura-ingalls-wilder
  32. https://etd.ohiolink.edu/acprod/odb_etd/ws/send_file/send?accession=oberlin1335871116&disposition=inline
  33. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1327&context=hcoltheses
  34. https://www.academia.edu/33383220/Everybody_s_Little_Houses_Reviewers_and_critics_read_Laura_Ingalls_Wilder
  35. https://thelittlemanreviews.com/2020/12/13/childrens-book-review-these-happy-golden-years-by-laura-ingalls-wilder-1943/
  36. https://thespinoff.co.nz/books/08-11-2017/the-greatest-essay-ever-written-about-little-house-on-the-prairie
  37. http://www.pioneergirl.com/blog/archives/7445
  38. https://pioneergirlproject.org/tag/these-happy-golden-years/
  39. https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2018/04/19/laura-ingalls-wilder-and-wilder/
  40. https://littlehouseontheprairie.com/little-house-on-the-prairie-books/
  41. https://littlehouseontheprairie.com/entertainment/
  42. https://littlehouseontheprairie.com/little-house-on-the-prairie-the-musical/
  43. https://www.netflix.com/tudum/articles/little-house-on-the-prairie-remake-netflix
  44. https://www.memoriapress.com/curriculum/literature-and-poetry/little-house-in-the-big-woods-teacher-guide/
  45. https://shop.notgrass.com/shop/liwus-laura-ingalls-wilder-unit-study-1499
  46. https://www.npr.org/2018/06/25/623184440/little-house-on-the-controversy-laura-ingalls-wilders-name-removed-from-book-awa
  47. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-american-gothic/gothic-in-american-childrens-literature/2F61B885A3ECAA7F00C13289C1DC601A
  48. https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?an=Laura%20Ingalls%20Wilder&bi=0&bsi=30&bx=off&dj=on&ds=30&kn=Garth%20Williams&pics=on&recentlyadded=all&sortby=17&x=66&y=7&prevpage=1
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.