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A box of Corn Chex in 2006 | |
| Product type | Breakfast cereal |
|---|---|
| Owner | General Mills (North America), Kellogg's (South Korea, Singapore) |
| Country | United States |
| Introduced | 1936 |
| Related brands | Shredded Ralston |
| Markets | North America, South Korea |
| Previous owners | Ralston |
| Website | www |
Chex is an American brand of breakfast cereal currently manufactured by General Mills. It was originally known as Shredded Ralston, first produced in 1936 and owned by Ralston Purina of St. Louis, Missouri, then later renamed Chex in 1950.[1] The Chex brand went with corporate spinoff Ralcorp in 1994 and was then sold to General Mills in 1997.[2] Rival cereal company Kellogg's has the rights to the Chex brand in South Korea and Singapore.[3]
The name "Chex" reflects the square checkerboard logo of Ralston Purina.[citation needed]
History
[edit]
Chex cereal traces its lineage back to Shredded Ralston, which was first produced in 1936. One 1936 grocery store advertisement for the cereal described it as, "ready to eat, made from pure whole wheat . . . Cooked, shredded, and toasted to a delicious golden brown; new in flavor."[4] Bite-sized Shredded Ralston was described in one early promotional article as whole wheat that had been "shredded and baked into crisp-bite-size biscuits."[5] In addition to being recommended as a breakfast cereal, it was suggested as soup croutons, a snack with melted butter, and as the heart of a homemade candy flavored with honey and lemon.[5]
One of the early distinctive characteristics of Chex was its shape. When Rice Chex was introduced in 1950,[6] one advertisement described it as, "Golden-toasted shreds of rice, crisscrossed into hollow, Bit Size waffles. Shaped just right for easy eating."[7] In 1951, Shredded Ralston was rebranded as Wheat Chex, initially stating "We are changing the name of Shredded Ralston to Shredded Ralston Wheat Chex,"[8] but often using both the short name and the longer name within the same ad copy.[9] Side by side photos in the early 1950s show that the shape of Wheat Chex was not yet changed to the waffle-shape of Rice Chex, retaining its denser, biscuit-like form.[10] When Corn Chex was released in 1959, it was given the Rice Check "criss-crossed" shape, described as helping it stay crispy in milk.[11][12]
When Ralcorp sold the Chex Brand to General Mills, the Federal Trade Commission required General Mills to permit the production of private label (store brand) versions of Chex, including by Ralcorp itself.[13][14]
Flavors and varieties
[edit]- Rice Chex (introduced in 1950)[6]
- Wheat Chex (introduced in 1951,[8] 1936 as "Shredded Ralston"[4])
- Corn Chex (introduced throughout the United States in 1959[11] after limited distribution in 1958[15])
- Honey Nut Chex (introduced in 1998 as the first General Mills addition to the Chex brand)[16]
- Chocolate Chex
- Cinnamon Chex
- Blueberry Chex
- Peanut Butter Chex
- Strawberry Vanilla (introduced in 2024)
- Caramel Corn Chex[17]
Source:[18]
Discontinued varieties
[edit]- Raisin Bran Chex[19] (introduced into wide distribution in 1968)[20]
- Sugar Frosted Chex (released throughout the United States in 1969)[21]
- Sugar Chex[22]
- Super Sugar Chex[23]
- Oat Chex
- Bran Chex (introduced in 1977)[24]
- Rye Chex
- Double Chex
- Wheat & Raisin Chex
- Graham Chex
- Honey Graham Chex
- Frosted Mini-Chex
- Strawberry Chex
- Multi-Bran Chex
- Green Onion Chex (limited edition, released by Kellogg's in South Korea in 2020)[25]
- Vanilla Chex
- Apple Cinnamon Chex
Source:[18]
Marketing
[edit]In its early days, Shredded Ralston (what became Wheat Chex) was promoted as a cereal for the whole family. One common 1937 advertisement said, "Its flavor knows no limits," and then proceeded to explain with six-year old Bobby and older family members all had a different reason to enjoy the cereal.[26] By 1939, Ralston Purina had begun hoping to entice customers with box-top giveaways, such as a pen and pencil set that was still aimed at the whole family.[27] By 1941, however, while their advertising still hoped to entice mothers and wives, the promotions had begun to be aimed at children, such as Tom Mix comic book give-aways.[28] By 1951, Rice Chex and Wheat Chex were tied up with prized and box-top giveaways squarely aimed at children, such as ripcord helicopter toys.[29]
Ralston Purina attempted to redefine the Chex brand in 1956 by running copy on cereal boxes and in some newspapers which declared that they would no longer be putting prizes inside the boxes or targeting children: "This box contains 12 ounces of crunchable, munchable Wheat Chex - the only cereal made on purpose for Grownups."[30]
Even so, later ad campaigns for Chex varieties were not so restrained: "Now in every box of Sugar Frosted Chex, you can get one of nine different prizes. Kids will love the secret agent ring or invisible spy pen..."[31]
Tie-in promotions
[edit]The 1970s varieties Sugar Chex and Super Sugar Chex featured Casper the Friendly Ghost on the box.[32][33]
Television and radio
[edit]Tom Mix
[edit]During the 1930s, Ralston Purina sponsored the Tom Mix radio show, produced Tom Mix comic books and give-aways,[28] and promoted Shredded Ralston (what became Wheat Chex) as, "the Tom Mix Bite Size cereal that's rich in 'Cowboy Energy.'"[34]
Space Patrol
[edit]From 1950 to 1955, Chex served as the primary sponsor of the popular TV and radio show Space Patrol, which ran for over 1,000 television episodes and 129 radio episodes. These episodes included many advertisements, promotional offers, and prizes related to Chex cereal, specifically Wheat Chex and Rice Chex.[35]
The Chexmates
[edit]In 1968, Chex ran a series of TV commercials on the adventures of The Chexmates, a cartoon threesome who ate Chex to get the strength they needed to travel to Mars, overcome tough obstacles or subdue evil-doers. The characters were a muscular man named Chexter, an Asian karate expert named Chop Louie, and a blonde cowgirl named Jessie Jane. Their voices were provided by John Erwin, Tommy Cook and Julie Bennett.[36][37][38]
Video games
[edit]Chex is featured in a series of first-person shooter computer games, Chex Quest and its two sequels. The player takes on the role of a "Chex Warrior" clad in Chex armor. The games use a modified version of DOOM's IWAD (graphics, sounds, levels, etc.) and executable.
Chex Mix
[edit]Chex is also the basis for a baked snack called "Chex Mix", in which different kinds of Chex are mixed with nuts, pretzels, and baked crackers,[39] and then often baked again with butter and various other spices (Worcestershire sauce in the original mix) to add flavor. Commercial and homemade varieties exist and the snack is often served during the holiday season in the United States. Chex Mix recipes were regularly featured on Chex cereal boxes, and several varieties of commercially prepared Chex Mix are sold in supermarkets.
Puppy chow
[edit]Chex can also be used to make a chocolate snack called "Chex Muddy Buddies", also known as Puppy Chow.
See also
[edit]- List of breakfast cereals
- Life (cereal)
- Crispix – previously called "Chex" in New Zealand[40]
- Shreddies
References
[edit]- ^ "Trademark Registration 0559285". United States Patent and Trademark Office. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ Gibson, Richard (15 April 1996). "General Mills Agrees to Buy Chex Brands for $570 Million". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 2021-07-29. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
- ^ "Kellogg's Korea Releases Green Onion Flavoured Chex Cereal". Middleclass. 17 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-02-10. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ a b "Advertisement". Clinton Daily Journal and Public. 22 October 1936. p. 6.
- ^ a b "Victory Breakfast". Sioux City Journal. 16 July 1942. p. 4.
- ^ a b "Advertisement". The Winona Republican-Herald. 21 September 1950. p. 15.
- ^ "Advertisement". Battle Creek Enquirer. 24 August 1950. p. 22.
- ^ a b "Advertisement". The Spokesman-Review. 22 April 1951. p. 105.
- ^ "Advertisement". Daily News. New York, New York. 15 July 1951. p. 173.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Pittsburgh Press. 14 Dec 1952. p. 93.
- ^ a b "Advertisement". The Roberts News. Los Angeles, California. 16 April 1959. p. 26.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Times Dispatch. Richmond, Virginia. 27 January 1960. p. 19.
- ^ "U.S. clears cereal deal". The Journal News. White Plains, New York. 27 December 1996. p. 24.
- ^ "General Mills munches Chex, with federal OK". Record-Journal. Meriden, Connecticut. 27 Dec 1996. p. 23.
- ^ "Corn Chex is New Bite-Sized Cereal". Battle Creek Enquirer. 23 November 1958. p. 20.
- ^ Merrill, Ann (3 June 1998). "Chex mate: General Mills will introduce new cereal". Star Tribune. Minneapolis, Minnesota. p. 45.
- ^ "Chex Caramel Corn Cereal, Gluten Free, Homemade Chex Mix Ingredient, Family Size, 19.6 oz".
- ^ a b "Chex products".
- ^ "Raisin Bran Chex Cereal - MrBreakfast.com".
- ^ "Want a Bran New Shape?". The Montgomery Advertiser. 27 October 1968. p. 44.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Salt Lake Tribune. 27 July 1969. p. 2.
- ^ Casper the Friendly Ghost–Sugar Chex cereal commercial, YouTube
- ^ Weiershauser, Helen (22 April 1978). "Will all the junk food junkies please stand up?". The Muscatine Journal. p. 3.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Spokesman-Review. 12 June 1977. p. 154.
- ^ "Kellogg's Gets Experimental With Green Onion Flavored Chex Cereal". HypeBeast. 30 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-07-01. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Tampa Tribune. 13 March 1937. p. 5.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Philadelphia Inquirer. 19 March 1939. p. 90.
- ^ a b "Dumb Dora: She's Not So Dumb". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. 6 April 1941. p. 59.
- ^ "Advertisement". The Akron Beacon Journal. 30 September 1951. p. 8.
- ^ "Look Ma, No Premiums". The Lincoln Star. 23 March 1956. p. 11.
- ^ "Advertisement". Arizona Republic. 18 May 1969. p. 103.
- ^ "Super Sugar Chex". Mr. Breakfast. Archived from the original on 2009-12-23. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ "Sugar Chex". Mr. Breakfast. Archived from the original on 2009-12-01. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ "Advertisement". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 16 April 1950. p. 181.
- ^ 1953 Space Patrol Chex Cereal Commercial, Ed Kemmer, YouTube
- ^ The Chexmates commercial, YouTube
- ^ Ralston Purina Chex with The Chexmates, YouTube
- ^ Chexmates TV Commercial, YouTube
- ^ Machlin, S. (2011). American Food by the Decades. ABC-CLIO. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-313-37699-3.
- ^ "Archived Kellogg's page discussing their Crispix/Chex brands in Australia and New Zealand". Kellogg's. 22 March 2003. Archived from the original on 2 May 2003. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
External links
[edit]- Chex home page
- US Patents
- Method of making cereal food products (USTPO link:U.S. patent 2,338,588) (Google link:U.S. patent 2,338,588)
- Method for manufacture of cereal food products (USTPO link:U.S. patent 2,600,532) (Google link:U.S. patent 2,600,532)
- Apparatus for manufacturing a cereal food product (USTPO link:U.S. patent 2,743,685) (Google link:U.S. patent 2,743,685)
History
Origins and early development
The origins of the Chex cereal brand trace back to Shredded Ralston, a whole wheat cereal developed and introduced by the Ralston Purina Company in 1936 as part of its early foray into human breakfast foods.[7] This product emerged from Ralston Purina's health-focused initiatives, including the Ralston Health Club, which advocated for whole-grain diets, and was specifically tied to the company's sponsorship of popular radio programs like The Adventures of Tom Mix, where it was promoted as a nutritious, energy-boosting breakfast for families.[8][9] In 1951, Ralston Purina launched Rice Chex, derived from an earlier Shredded Rice product, further expanding the line with a lighter, rice-based variant in the same square format.[10] Wheat Chex followed in 1952 as a rebranding of Shredded Ralston to align with its iconic red-and-white checkerboard logo, emphasizing the cereal's distinctive square shape as bite-sized pieces ideal for easy consumption without utensils and for oven-toasting into snacks.[11][12] Corn Chex followed in 1958, completing the initial trio of flavors and solidifying the brand's focus on simple, toasted whole-grain cereals.[12] Early marketing strategies positioned Chex cereals as a versatile option for family breakfasts, highlighting their wholesomeness and convenience for quick meals or handheld snacking, which helped drive initial adoption in post-World War II households seeking efficient, nutritious foods.[13][11] This approach leveraged the cereals' durable squares, which resisted sogginess in milk and facilitated creative uses like toasting with seasonings; the first Chex Party Mix recipe appeared in 1952 using Wheat and Rice Chex, setting the stage for broader product evolution before the brand's eventual acquisition by General Mills in the 1990s.[7]Ownership and production changes
Chex cereal was originally developed and produced by Ralston Purina Company, which owned the brand from its launch in 1936 until 1997.[14] During this period, Ralston Purina expanded production facilities in the U.S. Midwest, including a major plant in Battle Creek, Michigan, to support growing demand for its cereal lines.[15] In 1997, General Mills acquired Ralston Purina's branded breakfast cereal business, including Chex, for $570 million as part of a broader deal involving Ralcorp Holdings, Ralston's spun-off food division.[16] Following the acquisition, production of Chex shifted to General Mills' facilities, such as those in the Minneapolis area and other U.S. sites, enabling scaled operations for nationwide distribution.[17] To address rising consumer demand for allergen-free products, General Mills introduced dedicated gluten-free production lines for Chex cereals in 2009, reformulating varieties like Corn Chex and ensuring separation from gluten-containing ingredients to meet FDA standards of less than 20 parts per million.[18]Product Overview
Ingredients and manufacturing
Chex cereals are primarily composed of whole grains milled into distinctive square shapes, with fortification using essential vitamins and minerals. For the base Rice Chex variety, the key ingredients include whole grain rice, rice, sugar, salt, and molasses, along with the preservative vitamin E (mixed tocopherols) added to preserve freshness.[19] These are fortified with calcium carbonate, iron, zinc oxide, vitamin C (sodium ascorbate), niacinamide, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride), thiamin mononitrate (vitamin B1), vitamin A (palmitate), riboflavin (vitamin B2), folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin D3.[19] Corn Chex uses whole grain corn, corn meal, sugar, corn starch, salt, and baking soda as primary components, supplemented by the same preservative and a similar vitamin and mineral profile.[20] As of 2018, base Chex varieties contain no artificial flavors or colors from artificial sources. Wheat Chex features whole grain wheat, sugar, salt, molasses, and baking soda, fortified similarly to the other varieties but containing wheat as an allergen.[21] The manufacturing process for Chex begins with preprocessing the grains through cleaning and milling into flour, followed by mixing with water and minor ingredients to create a cooked mash or dough.[22] This mixture is then extruded under heat and pressure to form thin sheets, which are cut into the signature square pieces, dried to reduce moisture, and tempered for even texture.[22] The squares undergo toasting in ovens, which develops the crispy, oven-toasted character while evaporating remaining moisture.[22] Post-toasting, the pieces are fortified by spraying or tumbling with vitamins, minerals, and any additional components, then cooled and packaged to preserve freshness.[22] Grains for Chex are sourced from North American suppliers, primarily in the United States, as part of General Mills' supply chain for cereal production. Corn and rice varieties may include bioengineered ingredients, while wheat options adhere to standards avoiding genetically modified organisms.[20] For flavored varieties like Cinnamon Chex, the base squares are produced similarly but receive a post-toasting coating of sugar, canola or rice bran oil, cinnamon, and natural flavors to impart taste without altering the core extrusion and toasting steps. Honey Nut Chex follows a comparable coating process with honey and nut flavors applied after toasting.[1]Nutritional information
Chex cereals are formulated to provide a balanced nutritional profile, with serving sizes varying by variety: 1 1/3 cups (40g) for Rice Chex, 1 1/4 cups (39g) for Corn Chex, and 1 cup (59g) for Wheat Chex, delivering 150-210 calories, 3-6g of protein, 1g of total fat, and 33-51g of carbohydrates, including whole grains that contribute to daily fiber intake.[19][23] Varieties like Rice Chex and Corn Chex emphasize low-fat content and added sugars ranging from 3-4 grams per serving, with Wheat Chex at 6g, making them suitable for those seeking lower-calorie breakfast options.[24][25] The cereals are fortified with essential micronutrients to support daily nutritional needs, providing varying percentages of the daily value for iron (60-100%), thiamin (20%), riboflavin (10-30%), niacin (10%), and folic acid (20%) per serving, along with contributions to vitamin B6 (20%), vitamin B12 (20%), and zinc (20%).[26] Sodium levels are kept at 280-340 milligrams per serving, aiding in blood pressure management when part of a balanced diet.[24][27] Since 2009, most Chex varieties—excluding Wheat Chex—have been certified gluten-free by the Gluten-Free Certification Organization (GFCO), ensuring gluten levels below 10 parts per million through dedicated production lines and rigorous testing, which benefits individuals with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity.[28][29] In comparison to many sweetened competitor cereals, which often contain 10-20 grams of sugar per serving, base Chex varieties maintain 3-6 grams of added sugars, positioning them as a lower-sugar alternative in the ready-to-eat cereal category.[30][31]| Nutrient (per serving, approx.) | Amount | % Daily Value (range across varieties) |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 150-210 | - |
| Total Fat | 1g | 1% |
| Total Carbohydrates | 33-51g | 12-19% |
| Dietary Fiber | 2-8g | 5-29% |
| Total Sugars | 3-6g | - |
| Added Sugars | 3-6g | 6-12% |
| Protein | 3-6g | - |
| Sodium | 280-340mg | 12-15% |
| Iron | - | 60-100% |
| Thiamin | - | 20% |
| Riboflavin | - | 10-30% |
| Niacin | - | 10% |
| Folic Acid | - | 20% |
