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England Is Mine
England Is Mine
England Is Mine
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England Is Mine
Directed byMark Gill
Screenplay by
  • Mark Gill
  • William Thacker
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyNicholas D. Knowland
Production
company
Honlodge Productions
Distributed byEntertainment One[1]
Release dates
Running time
94 minutes
CountryUnited Kingdom
LanguageEnglish

England Is Mine is a 2017 British biographical drama film, based on the early years of singer Morrissey, before he formed the Smiths in 1982 with Johnny Marr. Originally titled Steven (Morrissey's first name), the title of the film comes from a lyric in the Smiths' song "Still Ill": "England is mine, and it owes me a living."[2][3][4] The film is an unauthorised portrayal of Morrissey's pre-success years. It is Mark Gill's feature-length directorial debut, as well as Jodie Comer's first feature film appearance.

The film stars Jack Lowden as Morrissey, and was directed and co-written by Mark Gill. It co-stars Jessica Brown Findlay as Linder Sterling and Laurie Kynaston as Marr.[5][6] It premiered at the closing gala of the Edinburgh Film Festival on 2 July 2017, and was released in the United Kingdom on 4 August 2017, and in the United States on 25 August 2017.

Plot

[edit]

Young, introverted Steven Patrick Morrissey is a sullen, dissatisfied, and shy teen growing up in Manchester in the 1970s. Withdrawn and a loner, he goes out to listen to music at night and then submits letters and reviews to music newspapers. His father wants him to get a job, his mother wants him to follow his passion for writing, and Steven doesn't quite know what he wants to do. His new friend, artist Linder Sterling, inspires him to continue to write lyrics and urges him to start to perform, but she eventually moves to London. Forced to earn a living and fit in with society, Steven's frustrations and setbacks continue to mount. Although he writes some songs with guitarist Billy Duffy and tries his hand at singing and enjoys it, eventually Duffy breaks it off, and nothing substantially changes in his life, so Steven seems at the end of his tether. At the end of the film, guitarist Johnny Marr, with whom he would go on to form the Smiths, shows up on his doorstep in 1982.

Cast

[edit]

Production

[edit]

Jack Lowden, the star of the film, did not know much about Morrissey when he was cast. Director Mark Gill also discouraged Lowden from finding out too much about the singer, and banned him from reading his autobiography or watching old TV appearances, so that the character – a troubled and introverted teen before he started a band or became at all successful – could be played as written.[7]

Reception

[edit]

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 52% based on 65 reviews, with an average rating of 5.53/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "England Is Mine's smartly assembled cast and strong sense of place are often enough to compensate for this unauthorized biopic's distance from its subject."[8] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 45 out of 100, based on 19 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[9]

Peter Bradshaw in The Guardian gave the film three out of five stars and wrote: "Morrissey gets the cuddly Billy Liar treatment in this weirdly generic movie about his early teen life in Manchester that sometimes seems to be straightforwardly channelling the kitchen-sink spirit of 60s British cinema that Morrissey famously adored – but with much less of the acid irony and alienation that he extracted from it."[10] Owen Gleiberman in Variety stated: "England Is Mine just feels like a stopgap movie made by people who couldn't afford to get the rights to the Smiths' catalogue. The poster calls it a meditation 'on becoming Morrissey,' but it would be more accurate to describe it as a movie about waiting around dejectedly until there's nothing left to do but become Morrissey."[11] Tim Robey in The Telegraph gave England Is Mine two out of four stars and wrote: "The film romanticises the ambitions hatched in male bedrooms and gives the embarrassing impression that's where all sincere art springs from. It's like being crushed in a vice of angst."[12] Jeannette Catsoulis in The New York Times stated: "Skirting sexuality and absent Morrissey's music (the movie ends in 1982 as he and Johnny Marr are on the brink of forming the band), England Is Mine is a soggy schlep. But if you're among those who believe that great art rarely foments in the cheerfully well-adjusted, then this one's for you."[13]

Alan Scherstuhl in the Village Voice praised the film's acting, and wrote: "'Are you going to sulk all day?' our hero gets asked just minutes into Mark Gill's England Is Mine. The remaining eighty-plus minutes of this muted, sometimes arresting drama concern a young man trying to find it in himself to sulk better."[14] Jamie Neish wrote in CineVue: "Due to rights issues none of Morrissey's music is used. England Is Mine works far better as an evolution of a star pre-fame than anything else. That's not necessarily a bad thing – just different from what audiences may expect."[15] Dave White in The Wrap opined that the film was best seen by true Morrissey fans: "For the millions of true believers out there ... the film provides a blissfully melancholy roll call of pleasures."[16]

England Is Mine was nominated for the "Politiken's Audience Award" at the 2017 CPH:PIX. It was also nominated "Best Film" at the Edinburgh International Film Festival. At the Milan Film Festival, the film was nominated "Best Feature Film" in the "International Competition".[17]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

England Is Mine

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
England Is Mine is a 2017 British biographical drama film written and directed by Mark Gill, chronicling the early life and struggles of Steven Patrick Morrissey in 1970s Manchester before he achieved fame as the lead singer of The Smiths. The film portrays a shy, aspiring musician navigating post-industrial drudgery, unrequited affections, and cultural influences amid a macho environment, culminating in the formation of nascent creative alliances. Starring Jack Lowden in the central role, alongside Jodie Comer as his sister Christine, Jessica Brown Findlay as artist Linder Sterling, and supporting performances by Simone Kirby and Laurie Kynaston, it emphasizes introspective isolation over overt musical triumphs. Premiering at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on 2 July 2017 and receiving a limited theatrical release in the United Kingdom on 4 August, the production faced immediate controversy as an unauthorized biopic, with Morrissey's childhood friend James Maker denouncing it as "disingenuous" and an "insult" to the singer's talent, while his mother publicly distanced the family from the depiction. Critical reception proved mixed, earning a 54% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes for its atmospheric evocation of Manchester's grit and Lowden's nuanced performance, yet drawing criticism for a ponderous pace, scant Smiths-era music, and failure to capture Morrissey's distinctive wit or lyricism. Despite these divides, the film underscores themes of artistic perseverance in obscurity, though its fidelity to Morrissey's actual experiences remains contested by those closest to him.

Background and Development

Conceptual Origins

Mark Gill, the film's director and co-writer, developed the concept for England Is Mine from his personal affinity with Steven Morrissey's early life, having grown up half a mile away in and discovering ' music in 1985 as a teenager navigating between working-class origins and attendance. Gill described as a "lifesaver" during his own struggles, motivating him to portray Morrissey's adolescence not as a prelude to stardom but as a standalone examination of alienation, aspiration, and creative incubation in 1970s post-industrial . Co-written with William Thacker, the project rejected a licensed biopic format, proceeding without Morrissey's involvement to maintain artistic independence. Central to the origins was Gill's decision to treat young Morrissey—referred to as Steven in the script—as a "blank canvas" untainted by later fame with Johnny Marr in 1982, emphasizing internal emotional turmoil over external achievements and deliberately omitting any depiction of musical success to underscore the risk of obscurity. For the initial script draft, Gill avoided Morrissey's 2013 autobiography Autobiography, focusing instead on intuitive reconstruction of his psyche; only afterward did he reference it for factual alignment. Research drew from Morrissey's lyrics, early interviews, and archival fan letters on platforms like passionsjustlikemine.com, supplemented by consultations with contemporaries such as Billy Duffy of The Cult and the family of Anji Hardy, whose diaries illuminated interpersonal dynamics and local subcultures. Thematically, the concept incorporated existential undertones from Ernest Becker's (1973), framing Morrissey's emerging persona as an artistic defense against mortality and societal indifference, where "all art is in response to death" and self-reinvention enables survival. The title originates from the lyric "England is mine, it owes me a living" in The Smiths' 1984 song "," symbolizing youthful resentment toward economic and cultural stagnation in during the . This approach prioritized psychological realism over , positioning the film as a of diffident yearning rather than triumphant .

Script and Research Process

The script for England Is Mine was co-written by director Mark Gill and William Thacker, focusing on the formative years of in 1970s prior to the formation of , emphasizing themes of isolation, literary influences, and nascent musical aspirations rather than a conventional biopic chronology. Gill described the development process as starting from an emotional core, portraying a young man's internal struggles without direct access to , given the film's unauthorized status. Research relied heavily on publicly available materials to reconstruct Morrissey's early life, including his as a primary into his and worldview. extensively reviewed Morrissey's early interviews archived on sites like passionsjustlikemine.com, which detailed his upbringing, family dynamics—particularly his relationship with his mother—and state of mind during adolescence. Additional insights came from contemporaries, such as , who shared recollections of Morrissey's social circle and personality in that era. Key personal accounts informed character portrayals, notably from the family of Anji Hardy, a significant figure in Morrissey's youth depicted in the film; they provided her diaries, photographs, and oral histories to authenticate interactions and emotional contexts. After drafting, cross-referenced the script against Morrissey's 2013 Autobiography to ensure alignment with documented events, though the narrative prioritized interpretive fidelity over literal replication. 's own background, having grown up in nearby , supplemented this with firsthand knowledge of the local cultural and socioeconomic environment shaping working-class youth. Thematic elements drew from broader philosophical sources, such as Ernest Becker's (1973), to explore mortality's role in artistic drive, reflecting Gill's aim to universalize Morrissey's trajectory without fabricating events. Legal reviews addressed sensitive depictions, including Morrissey's sexuality, opting for ambiguity to comply with privacy standards amid limited primary sourcing. This process yielded a script avoiding , instead highlighting diffidence and yearning as causal precursors to Morrissey's later persona.

Production

Casting Decisions

Director Mark oversaw the casting for England Is Mine, prioritizing actors who could authentically depict the introspective and isolated early life of Steven without relying on mimicry of his later public persona. Hundreds of actors auditioned for the lead role, but selected after a , describing the moment as realizing "Steven [was] right in front of me." Lowden's limited prior familiarity with 's music—having not grown up as a devoted fan—was deliberate, as sought to avoid impressions and instead capture the character's pre-fame awkwardness and yearning. To reinforce this approach, restricted Lowden's preparation, prohibiting deep dives into 's or archival footage and permitting exposure only to select early influences like specific tracks to inform the portrayal of youthful isolation. Casting director Shaheen Baig handled the ensemble, selecting performers attuned to the 1970s Manchester milieu. Jessica Brown Findlay was cast as Linder Sterling, the punk artist and Factory Records figure who influenced Morrissey's aesthetic, while Jodie Comer portrayed Christine, a school acquaintance representing everyday social dynamics. Laurie Kynaston played a young Johnny Marr, emphasizing the nascent connections in the local music scene, and Simone Kirby depicted Morrissey's mother, Elizabeth. These choices focused on actors capable of subtle, period-specific interactions rather than star power, aligning with the film's emphasis on internal development over external drama.

Filming and Locations

Principal photography for England Is Mine occurred over five weeks entirely on location in , , , Morrissey's hometown, utilizing authentic sites tied to his formative years. The production prioritized period-accurate exteriors and interiors to evoke 1970s , including the former Essoldo cinema on Road, a venue familiar from Morrissey's youth. This approach enhanced historical fidelity, with many surviving structures from the era serving as direct backdrops for scenes depicting the protagonist's daily routines and cultural encounters. No studio sets were employed, reflecting director Mark Gill's intent to immerse the narrative in the gritty, unvarnished environment of working-class suburban .

Post-Production and Soundtrack

The of England Is Mine was handled by editor Adam Biskupski, who assembled the film's footage into a 92-minute feature emphasizing the introspective pace of director Mark Gill's vision. concluded in 2016, with editing focusing on authentic period recreation through Manchester's 1970s locations and character-driven subtlety rather than dramatic montage. The original score was composed by Richard Skelton, a Manchester-based known for ambient and folk-influenced works, providing a minimalist underscore that evokes the era's cultural isolation without relying on post-Smiths . Skelton's contributions, recorded post-filming, integrate subtle electronic and acoustic elements to mirror protagonist Steven Morrissey's internal world. Featured music includes custom compositions by Gillan Edgar for diegetic band performances, such as the folk-rock tracks "Outside Looking In" and "Oh Tell Me John Barleycorn" performed by The Ten Ton Trucks in early scenes, and a punk arrangement of "Give Him a Great Big Kiss" for the Nosebleeds gig. These were multi-tracked in post-production for authenticity, with lead actor Jack Lowden's vocals layered live over playback during key sequences like the Free Trade Hall Pistols tribute. Sound mixing by Lee Sharp incorporated these elements to heighten realism in concert recreations.

Plot Summary

Early Life and Influences

In England Is Mine, the protagonist Steven Patrick Morrissey is portrayed as a painfully introverted young man in working-class during the late , grappling with familial discord as his parents argue frequently and ultimately separate. He endures a monotonous , which he despises, while nurturing an inner world of intellectual and artistic ambition amid a backdrop of and cultural ferment. Morrissey's early influences emerge through his solitary immersion in music and literature; he obsessively attends concerts, documenting the burgeoning punk and scene, and channels his observations into writing fanzines and letters to publications, revealing a precocious critical voice shaped by figures like and the . This self-directed education fosters his self-perceived , though it isolates him further from peers who view him as aloof or pretentious. A pivotal influence arrives via his budding friendship with Linder Sterling, a vibrant young painter and musician who recognizes his latent talent and urges him to transcend passive fandom toward active creation, marking the stirrings of his aspiration to form a band. These elements underscore the film's depiction of Morrissey's formative stagnation—profoundly affected by personal alienation and artistic idols—before external relationships propel him forward.

Formative Relationships and Aspirations

In the film, young Steven navigates strained family dynamics, with his father's contemptuous attitude toward his son's introversion exacerbating household tensions that culminate in the parents' separation. His mother provides emotional support amid these conflicts, serving as an inspirational figure who encourages his creative pursuits in the working-class environment of the late . This familial backdrop underscores 's sense of alienation, fueling his retreat into and writing as escapes from domestic discord and societal . A pivotal relationship forms with , portrayed as a confidante and artistic influence who draws into Manchester's underground scene, including gigs by bands like the that ignite his passion for punk and . Their bond highlights themes of mutual inspiration, with Linder representing a rare peer who appreciates his intellectual intensity without judgment, though it remains platonic and focused on shared cultural aspirations. Additional connections, such as a brief friendship with a colleague named Christine who overlooks his , and involvement with guitarist in the short-lived band , expose Morrissey to collaborative music-making but also reveal his difficulties in sustaining group dynamics due to his uncompromising vision. Morrissey's aspirations center on achieving pop stardom and literary recognition, manifested through persistent letter-writing to music publications like the , authorship of fanzine reviews, and diary entries filled with lyrics critiquing suburban ennui and romantic disillusionment. Despite rejections and mundane jobs at a tax office and as a porter, he clings to dreams of transcending his circumstances, attending underground concerts and experimenting with , though his introversion often hinders progress. The narrative builds toward tentative hope, as these efforts culminate in encounters that foreshadow his future, emphasizing resilience amid repeated failures in the early 1980s music milieu.

Release and Distribution

Premiere and Festivals

England Is Mine had its world premiere on July 2, 2017, as the closing film of the 71st . The announcement of this slot came on May 11, 2017, highlighting the unauthorized biopic's focus on Morrissey's early life before . The screening took place at the Festival Theatre in , drawing attention for its portrayal of the musician's formative years in . No additional major festival screenings were reported following the debut, with the film proceeding to limited theatrical releases thereafter.

Commercial Performance

England Is Mine debuted in the on 4 August 2017, generating £76,900 in its opening weekend from 50 screens. The film's total gross reached £210,000, reflecting limited theatrical distribution primarily in independent cinemas. Internationally, earnings were modest, with $14,354 reported in . Worldwide box office totals approximated $373,092, underscoring the film's niche appeal as an unauthorized biopic amid competition from major releases. Produced on an estimated budget of £1.2 million, it failed to achieve significant commercial returns at the , aligning with patterns for low-profile independent dramas.

Reception

Critical Reviews

On aggregate review sites, England Is Mine received mixed responses, with a 54% approval rating from 63 critics on and a Metacritic score of 45 out of 100 based on 19 reviews. Critics often commended the central performance by as the young for its sincerity and restraint, but faulted the film for its lethargic pacing, generic biopic tropes, and failure to evoke the subject's distinctive lyrical wit or cultural impact. In The Guardian, described it as a "sentimental kitchen-sink " that boils down 's teenage years into familiar territory, yet praised Lowden's "honest" portrayal as elevating the material beyond . Conversely, RogerEbert.com's Brian Tallerico awarded it 1.5 out of 4 stars, calling it a "flat, disappointing " that reduces the future to a "mopey teenager," arguing that the real , known for songs like "How Soon Is Now?", warranted a more dynamic depiction. Variety's Owen Gleiberman critiqued the film's handling of themes like erotic longing and rock influences, noting that even the title—drawn from a lyric—felt mismatched to its subdued execution. highlighted its "bleak, yearning tone" and "cloudy color palette" as evoking a granular authenticity for 1970s , though this atmospheric fidelity did not compensate for broader narrative shortcomings in the consensus view. IndieWire's David Ehrlich labeled it a "handsome little biopic" undermined by the very clichés its rejects, underscoring a perceived disconnect between the film's and Morrissey's acerbic .

Audience and Fan Responses

The film garnered lukewarm audience reception, evidenced by a 36% audience approval rating on from over 250 ratings, averaging 2.9 out of 5. On IMDb, user ratings averaged 5.8 out of 10 based on more than 4,000 reviews, with viewers often noting its introspective pace but criticizing the lack of dramatic momentum or musical elements. Many general audiences found the pre-fame focus on youthful ennui engaging as a character study, yet faulted its slow and minimal for failing to evoke the vibrancy associated with Morrissey's later career. Among and enthusiasts, responses were predominantly skeptical or negative, stemming from the film's deliberate omission of the band's music and its emphasis on a brooding, inactive rather than the charismatic performer fans revere. Dedicated followers expressed disappointment over the portrayal of early as a listless dreamer lacking ambition, which clashed with biographical accounts of his proactive literary and musical pursuits. Some fans valued the authentic depiction of Manchester's cultural stagnation and 's sense of alienation, viewing it as a truthful of his formative isolation. However, others dismissed it as fictionalized and uninspired, arguing it reduced a complex figure to generic adolescent without capturing his wit or drive. Prominent reactions from Morrissey's inner circle amplified fan discontent; James Maker, a childhood friend and occasional collaborator, lambasted the biopic as "insulting" to Morrissey's talents, labeling its trailer "disingenuous" and insisting it misrepresented his proactive youth as mere inertia. This sentiment echoed in fan communities, where the film's stylistic choices—such as black-and-white sequences and sparse dialogue—were seen as prioritizing arthouse aesthetics over fidelity to the subject's documented influences like and . Despite these critiques, a minority of admirers praised Jack Lowden's nuanced embodiment of quiet discontent, suggesting it humanized Morrissey's origins without relying on posthumous . Overall, the polarized fanbase highlighted tensions between biographical invention and expectation, with many preferring to derive Morrissey's narrative from his own memoirs or rather than this interpretive lens.

Controversies and Accuracy Debates

Reactions from Morrissey and Associates

James Maker, Morrissey's childhood friend and early musical collaborator who performed with him prior to the formation of , denounced England Is Mine as "historical fiction" rather than a biopic, arguing that its premise—that anyone could achieve success like 's—undermined his "original talent as an artist." Maker described the film's trailer as "disingenuous" and "rather insulting," particularly objecting to its depiction of as "an autistic, retiring creature with both curly hair and a natural crimp, who had to be physically pushed into becoming a singer by a well-meaning friend." He further characterized the project as "a work of fiction, not a biopic" and "a lazy of someone else’s talent and a betrayal of a real person’s life." Jacqueline Morrissey, the singer's sister, issued a statement on September 5, 2017, rejecting the film outright: "Mark Gill's England is Mine is a . This is not our or how we lived. It is an OFFENSIVE . He has made a shambles of a glorious opportunity." These responses from and longtime associates served to distance from the production, which proceeded without his involvement or endorsement. himself made no public comments on the film.

Claims of Factual Inaccuracies

Claims of factual inaccuracies in England Is Mine primarily stem from associates of Steven Morrissey, who contested the film's depiction of his early life and family dynamics as unauthorized fiction rather than biography. Morrissey's sister, Jacqueline Morrissey, publicly denounced the film as "a lie," asserting that it misrepresented their family life and living conditions, describing it as an "OFFENSIVE misrepresentation" that squandered an opportunity to portray events accurately. Similarly, Morrissey's childhood friend James Maker labeled the film "historical fiction," criticizing its portrayal of a young Morrissey as an "autistic, retiring creature" who required parental pressure to secure civil service employment, contrary to Maker's account of Morrissey as an "outgoing, confident boy" who chose the job independently. Further discrepancies highlighted include physical inaccuracies, such as the film's depiction of with curly hair and a "natural crimp," which Maker disputed as inconsistent with his actual appearance during that period. The director, Mark Gill, acknowledged the film's interpretive approach, blending documented events from 's and public accounts with fictional elements to explore his pre-fame introspection, without input from or his family, which contributed to these contested portrayals. Critics and observers noted that while the film draws on verifiable influences like 's fandom of figures such as and , its emphasis on isolation and passivity diverges from accounts of his proactive and social engagements in during the late 1970s. These claims underscore the film's status as an artistic rather than a documentary-style recounting, with no peer-reviewed historical analyses confirming or refuting specifics beyond personal testimonies from Morrissey's circle. The absence of consultation with the subject amplified perceptions of inaccuracy, though maintained the portrayal captured an authentic essence of Morrissey's formative struggles.

Broader Interpretations of Portrayal

The film's portrayal of Morrissey's early life emphasizes themes of profound isolation and unarticulated ambition, interpreting his pre-fame years as a microcosm of existential drift in post-industrial rather than a linear path to stardom. Director Mark Gill has described the narrative as deliberately avoiding a conventional biopic structure, instead presenting Steven as a for the "broader experience of being young, ambitious but unfocused," where internal reverie and cultural disconnection foreshadow artistic emergence without prescribing causality. This approach renders the protagonist's lethargy and social withdrawal not merely biographical quirks but symbolic of a generational , evoking the ennui captured in Morrissey's later lyric "England is mine—it owes me a living," though the film predates his songwriting success by years. Critics have interpreted this depiction as a meditation on the ineffable origins of creativity, challenging the biopic genre's tendency to retroactively impose cause-and-effect narratives on diffuse artistic processes. In New Statesman, reviewer Ryan Gilbey argued that the film's error lies in portraying Morrissey as inherently "extraordinary" from adolescence—through stylized visuals of solitary walks and obsessive record-collecting—thus implying as predestined rather than emergent from contingency and rejection. Such an interpretation aligns with the film's aesthetic choices, like its desaturated palette and minimal dialogue, which prioritize subjective ennui over verifiable events, positioning 's youth as an for the alienation of intellectuals in proletarian settings. However, this symbolic elevation has drawn counter-interpretations of , with some viewing the unlikable, mopey characterization—marked by fragile timidity and passive —as a subtle of how mythologized figures like elide their formative pettiness. Broader analyses extend the portrayal to cultural critique, seeing Morrissey's arc as emblematic of 1970s England's stifling conformity clashing with individualist aspiration, where punk's raw energy (nodded to via influences) fails to ignite until internalized solitude ferments into persona. Film Inquiry noted the blend of fact and fiction as liberating the story from "the weight of his future achievements," allowing an ambiguous project that humanizes the icon by universalizing his struggles—introversion as both incubus and catalyst—beyond lore. Yet, this interpretive freedom invites debate on authenticity, as Morrissey himself dismissed the film as "" untethered from his talent, underscoring a tension between and the causal realism of . Ultimately, the portrayal's strength lies in its refusal of resolution, interpreting pre-fame as a harbinger of queer-coded outsiderdom in straight-laced Britain, though sans overt advocacy, focusing instead on empirical markers like his evolution as markers of defiant .

Legacy and Impact

Influence on Morrissey Biopics

England Is Mine, released in 2017 without Morrissey's endorsement, elicited sharp rebukes from individuals close to the singer, shaping perceptions of biographical depictions of his life. Morrissey's mother, Jacqueline, publicly stated that the film was "a lie" and an "offensive misrepresentation" of their family dynamics. Similarly, childhood friend James Maker described it as "," criticizing its portrayal of 's youth as insulting and disingenuous. These condemnations, voiced in July 2017 ahead of the film's premiere, underscored the singer's aversion to unauthorized narratives, with associates emphasizing deviations from factual events in his early years. The ensuing controversy highlighted the logistical and reputational hurdles for prospective filmmakers tackling Morrissey's story, given his history of disputing biographical accounts. Director Mark Gill acknowledged efforts to avoid upsetting the subject but proceeded independently, drawing from and Morrissey's 2013 rather than direct . This approach, while enabling the project's completion, amplified debates over versus veracity in living subjects' biopics. As a result, England Is Mine stands as the sole feature-length film biopic focused on Morrissey's pre-Smiths era, with no subsequent productions announced or released by October 2025, reflecting the deterrent effect of such familial and personal opposition on similar endeavors.

Cultural and Historical Context

The late 1970s in , particularly , were marked by and industrial decline, as traditional manufacturing sectors like textiles and engineering faced competition from abroad and automation, leading to factory closures and rising rates that reached over 5% nationally by 1979, with northern regions hit harder due to their reliance on . Britain's broader economy grappled with —high inflation peaking at 24.2% in 1975 amid oil shocks and wage-price spirals—exacerbated by labor disputes and the 1978-1979 , which saw widespread strikes disrupting public services and deepening public disillusionment. In , a city emblematic of this decay, working-class communities in areas like and endured urban blight, with terraced housing and limited opportunities fostering a sense of alienation among youth. Culturally, this backdrop fueled the movement, which erupted in following the ' infamous 1976 concert at the Lesser , inspiring local acts like the and igniting a DIY ethos that rejected polished prog rock and glam in favor of raw, accessible rebellion against socioeconomic malaise. The scene was characterized by its intensity—often violent gigs at venues like the Ranch Bar—and a evolution emphasizing introspection and regional identity, drawing from influences like and literary traditions of kitchen-sink realism that highlighted gritty northern life. Young aspirants formed fanzines, corresponded with music press, and navigated fringe social circles amid limited mainstream outlets, reflecting a broader youth counterculture responding to Thatcher-era precursors of and . Steven , born in 1959 to Irish Catholic immigrants in Manchester's working-class milieu, embodied this context as a self-described misfit on the post-punk periphery, immersing himself in glam rock relics, Oscar Wilde-inspired aesthetics, and nascent band experiments like the short-lived in 1978, before his lyrical voice crystallized in ' formation in 1982. His early fandom for acts like the and engagement with Manchester's punk undercurrents—amid personal struggles with shyness and identity—mirrored the era's tension between cultural escapism and harsh realities, influencing themes of isolation and northern pride that later defined his work. This historical milieu, with its blend of economic hardship and subversive music, forms the substrate for depictions in England Is Mine, portraying a pre-fame steeped in Manchester's grey, resilient street culture.

References

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  33. https://www.bristol247.com/culture/film/box-office-chart-august-4-6-2017/
  34. https://saltypopcorn.co.uk/charts/box-office.php?chart=20170804&movie=war-for-the-planet-of-the-apes
  35. https://25thframe.co.uk/movies/england-is-mine/uk-box-office
  36. https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl4026106881/
  37. https://the-numbers.com/movie/England-is-Mine-%28UK%29
  38. https://post-punk.com/the-haunting-of-roger-odonnell-an-interview-with-the-cure-keyboardist-and-2-ravens-composer/
  39. https://www.metacritic.com/movie/england-is-mine/
  40. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3717804/reviews/
  41. https://screenanarchy.com/2017/08/review-in-england-is-mine-this-charming-man-is-made-unloveable-is-it-really-so-strange.html
  42. https://www.scenepointblank.com/reviews/morrissey/england-mine/
  43. https://www.nme.com/news/music/morrissey-childhood-friend-insulting-england-is-mine-biopic-2098080
  44. https://ilovemanchester.com/review-england-mine-fans-eye-view
  45. https://www.morrissey-solo.com/threads/jacqueline-morrissey-statement-re-england-is-mine-via-ser-offensive-misrepresentation.140620/
  46. https://www.noise11.com/news/morrisseys-mother-denounces-england-is-mine-biopic-20170706
  47. https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/morrissey-friend-slams-biopic-england-is-mine-7850309/
  48. https://www.vanyaland.com/2017/10/17/film-review-england-is-mine-provides-an-astute-look-into-morrisseys-early-years/
  49. https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-40727079
  50. https://thethinair.net/2017/08/england-is-mine/
  51. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/jul/23/morrissey-when-did-charming-become-cranky-smiths-england-is-mine
  52. https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/2017/08/biopic-england-mine-makes-mistake-imagining-morrissey-extraordinary
  53. https://www.morrissey-solo.com/threads/morrissey-on-england-is-mine.140533/
  54. https://thelatestpictureshow.com/2017/08/08/england-is-mine-review/
  55. https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/the-uk-economy-in-the-1970s/
  56. https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/217380/economics/the-economic-crisis-of-the-1970s/
  57. https://medium.com/cuepoint/booze-blood-and-noise-the-violent-roots-of-manchester-punk-af8092bcaac3
  58. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/may/06/popandrock.features1
  59. https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/morrisseys-long-flirtation
  60. https://www.billyduffy.com/stories/me-morrissey-manchester/
  61. https://headstuff.org/entertainment/film/film-review-england-is-mine/
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