Eric Carr
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Key Information
Paul Charles Caravello (July 12, 1950 – November 24, 1991), better known as Eric Carr, was an American musician. He was the drummer for the rock band Kiss from 1980 until his death in 1991. Caravello was selected as the new Kiss drummer after Peter Criss departed. He created the stage name "Eric Carr" and designed his on-stage Fox persona. He remained a member of Kiss until his death from heart cancer in 1991.
Early life
[edit]Born as Paul Charles Caravello on July 12, 1950, to Albert (1927–2022) and Connie Caravello (1929–2010), Carr was of Italian descent. He grew up on 1043 Belmont Avenue in the East New York section of Brooklyn in New York City.[1] Because his father worked most of the time, Carr did not see that much of him, and "never went to a baseball game or that kind of stuff" with his father. He spent a lot of time alone in his room, playing with toy soldiers and toy monsters.[2]
Caravello attended the High School of Art and Design. He planned at first to be a cartoonist, then changed his mind quickly thereafter and decided to study photography. According to him, he ended up wasting "absolutely every day of high school. I got no work done, did nothing to further my career, wasted time, and wound up getting drunk in the darkroom with my friends all the time. We never got caught because we could see through the one-way glass whenever a teacher would come. It wasn't like I was getting drunk every day, you know. Half a cup of vodka in those days was enough to get you drunk."[2] However, he has described himself as overall "a real good kid. I didn't do anything to make trouble."[2]
In February 1964, Caravello watched the Beatles performance on The Ed Sullivan Show and was immediately captivated by the group, particularly Ringo Starr.[3] He collected several books and pots from the kitchen to create a makeshift drum kit and began teaching himself how to play drums.[4]
Caravello was one of only two students in his high school who had long hair, mostly due to his love of the Beatles. He recalled that "I used to Dippity-Do my hair down, to make it stay flat. I used to have a Beatles haircut, but my hair's curly, so I couldn't get it to lay flat like the Beatles'. So I'd get the stuff Dippity-Do, drench my hair with it, and I'd take a piece of my Mom's nylon stocking, tie a knot in one end, and pull it over my head like a burglar. I was sleeping like that for probably two years with that on my head every night."[2]
Caravello graduated from high school in 1967. At around that time, riots started to occur in New York City, followed by white flight that started to make his neighborhood more predominantly African-American. Caravello stated that this was not a concern to him, because "I never had any problems with anybody, I had black friends, and I never grew up thinking in those kinds of terms.".[2]
Early career
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Caravello purchased a small drum kit that consisted of snare, kick, and a tom. The kit had a black oyster finish that was similar to Ringo's kit. Within a few months he added a floor tom. Sometime in 1965 he joined his first band, The Allures.[5] They played a blend of Latino music and Beatles songs. The Allures did not last long, perhaps only a few months.
Caravello then asked his friend in junior high school, Thomas, to join him on bass while they looked for other musicians. Shortly after starting high school he met John, who was interested in learning to play the guitar.[6] The three young musicians called the group The Cellarmen because they practiced in Caravello's cellar. Thomas and Caravello soon began working as a team and eventually wrote two Beatles-inspired songs, "Your Turn to Cry" and "I Cry at Night." The drummer felt confident in the band and soon designed stylized lettering of the band's name and printed The Cellarmen on the front of his kick drum. However, the band broke up in late 1965 or early 1966.
In March 1966, Caravello met keyboardist Victor Cohen and bassist Dave Bartky. Guitarist Bob Pryor joined the band within a few weeks. They played cover songs and their goal was to become good enough to play in the clubs. They practiced several times a week and soon had considerable number of songs ready. They kept The Cellarmen name because at the time they did not have enough money to purchase a new kick drum skin. Besides, the band still practiced in Caravello's cellar, so the name was appropriate. The Cellarmen's first gig was in August 1966. They were strictly a cover band playing popular music of the times.
The Cellarmen played together until late 1968. In the two year and a half years together they had progressed musically and financially, and were represented by Ruston & Brenner, a large booking agency in New York City. They also recorded the two songs Caravello had written with the previous iteration of The Cellarmen. The two songs appear on the Jody Records label.[7]
During the last few months with The Cellarmen, Caravello added a second kick drum to his kit. He began exploring heavier music, such as Cream and Jimi Hendrix. After The Cellarmen disbanded. Caravello formed a new band called Things That Go Bump In The Night. This band played heavy music, but failed to gain traction in the clubs and soon disbanded.
In the spring of 1969, Caravello joined his three former bandmates from The Cellarmen and vocalist Gary Fray in their band, Smack. Caravello insisted he would work with this cover band only until the fall. Ruston & Brenner continued booking Smack through the summer and band was soon in demand in the clubs.
In the fall of 1969, Caravello left Smack, but he did not have another band to join. In November 1970 he joined a band called Salt & Pepper, a cover band playing music from multiple genres; the band was named that because half of the members were black and half were white. His old bandmate, Victor Cohen, was the keyboardist and recommended Caravello to the band. Salt & Pepper played mostly Top 40 songs. As he described it later, "Top-40 in those days was everything – funk, ballads, rock, country, and everything. It was a great time for radio.".[7] Salt & Pepper had marginal success playing other events, such as opening for Nina Simone in December 1971 at the Academy of Music (New York City).
In 1973 the band changed their name to Creation, now performing disco music as well as Top 40, Motown, and funk. In March 1973, Salt & Pepper opened for Stevie Wonder at a benefit concert. By this time Caravello was playing an acrylic [Fibes Drums] kit.
In 1974 a fire broke out during a discothèque gig at Gulliver's nightclub in Port Chester, New York, killing dozens of people including the band's keyboardist, Damon DeFreis, and lead singer George D. Chase. Caravello escaped and was credited with saving two people, the other two members of Creation (not including himself), husband and wife John and Sarita Henderson. It was determined that the fire had been started by a thief in an adjacent building hoping to cover his tracks.[2][8][9][10]
Ruston & Brenner held a benefit to replace their ruined equipment.[2] and Creation was back playing the clubs by the end of the year.
In 1975, Creation changed its name to Mother Nature-Father Time. They continued playing the mostly disco songs in the clubs.
In early 1978 Gregg Diamond, who had recently released an album titled Bionic Boogie, hired Mother Nature-Father Time to play as the touring band, however Gregg did not go on tour as he was strictly a studio musician. Over the next year, Mother Nature-Father Time played gigs under that name and as Bionic Boogie.[11] They enjoyed some success, such as playing in Walt Disney World in Florida, and playing on disco TV shows in Florida and Canada.
In the spring of 1979, producer Lewis Merenstein, who knew Casablanca Records founder Neil Bogart, received an offer to produce a disco record. He soon recruited Mother Nature-Father Time with guitarist Tom Siano writing three of the five songs. Caravello sang background vocals and played drums on the record. The album was titled Lightning and Casablanca released the band's self-titled album on August 13, 1979.[12]
The Lightning album and Diamond's latest album Tiger, Tiger both failed to chart. The result was the end of the Caravello's work with people he had known since 1970. Diamond did not hire Mother Nature-Father Time to tour and Mother Nature-Father Time broke up in October 1979. Caravello later described the band as "like my family basically for nine years."[2]
In December 1979, Caravello successfully auditioned for a four-piece rock 'n' roll cover band called Flasher.[11] After three weeks of rehearsals, they started playing at clubs.[2] Flasher played the club circuit in New York City and Long Island for several months before Paul Turino, their keyboard player, quit to join a band that was signed to a record label and touring. Flasher continued as a power trio, with the three sharing vocal duties. They played songs by Joe Jackson, Van Halen, Led Zeppelin and Jimi Hendrix, among others.[2]
Eventually, bookings diminished and Caravello become discouraged about his musical future after so many years trying to make it without a break and considered settling down with a non-musical career.[11] "We were making real (lousy) money – something like $10, $7 a night, whatever it was it was. Really, really terrible. Just by contrast, I used to make $15 a night when I was like 16 years old, and here I am almost 30 years old, and I'm making like $7 a night! So I wasn't doing better, obviously – I was going in reverse." Caravello handed in his resignation in late May 1980 but agreed to play the remaining shows the band were booked for. At that point, he considered quitting music, having reached the age of 30 without any real success.[2] In early June, Caravello had a chance meeting with Turino in a club in Queens called Poets. Caravello invited Turino to see Flasher play the following night at the same club. The next night, Turino told Caravello about Peter Criss's departure from Kiss, and urged Caravello to audition to become Kiss' drummer.[2][13]
Kiss
[edit]Audition
[edit]Caravello applied for Kiss, submitting a cassette tape of Kiss' current single "Shandi" but with his vocals over the music instead of Paul Stanley's vocals. "It sounded great!" he enthused years later. The application was put into a bright orange folder to make it stand out visually.[11] Jayne Grodd, a Kiss staffer, told him later she had noticed the brightly colored envelope and so picked it to be one reviewed from the pile.[2]
While sitting outside the room used for the audition, Caravello watched the three members of Kiss – Ace Frehley, Gene Simmons and Stanley – walk by to enter the room. He was one of the few people outside of the band's circle of friends, family and music business partners, to see Kiss without make-up. "Paul, I knew right away", he told a fanzine in 1990. "The others I wasn't sure about."[2]
Caravello was the last drummer to audition for the band and asked Stanley, Simmons and Frehley to autograph the list of Kiss songs he was to play with the band, in case he never saw them again. "But I knew I had it", he told a fanzine in 1990. According to Caravello, his audition was videotaped.[2] He was also immediately comfortable, feeling the songs he had to play "...were a snap." He knew the arrangements better than the band did, from learning the recorded versions of Kiss' albums. "They had been on tour, and changed little things around," he said.[2] He was not impressed with Kiss' performance at the audition. "They were awful!" he emphasized, "I had to remind them, "'No, I sing this harmony, you sing that one', stuff like that. It was great! Right away we were working together. I know it impressed them."[2]
Stanley later described Caravello's audition: "He was this guy who cleaned stoves for a living, and the first thing he said to us was 'It's a real pleasure to meet you. Let's play.' We started playing and it was like thunder, even though he was the shortest guy in the room. It just fit like a glove. The one thing that probably sealed it for us was when, after the audition, he asked us for autographs. It wasn't brown-nosing, it's just that he was a real person."[14]
A significant advantage for Caravello may have been his relative anonymity, as it was important for the band to maintain the mystique surrounding the members. Said Paul Stanley, "It was really important to us that we got somebody who was unknown... We didn't want somebody who last week was in Rod Stewart's band or in Rainbow." Before they issued a press release announcing the induction of Caravello into Kiss, they subtracted three years from his actual age - in part to confuse those seeking information about his true identity, but also to help create an identification with Caravello: a young fan chosen from the crowd to be the new Kiss drummer![11]
Stage makeup and persona
[edit]
After Caravello passed the audition, time was short and the band had some trouble coming up with a character persona and a stage name for him before his debut concert. "We never actually told him he was in the band," stated Paul Stanley on USA Network's Night Flight program in 1983, "We just said: "In two weeks we're playing.'"
Paul Stanley alleged that Caravello wanted to use the stage name "Rusty Blade" until Stanley dissuaded him.[15] Caravello decided on "Eric Carr" quite carefully. He noticed that while the four members' full stage names were each three syllables long, Criss' name was the inverse of the other three band members' name syllable pattern – 'Peter Criss' was two syllables followed by a single syllable. He decided to make his stage name sound the same rhythmically as Peter Criss' by choosing a double syllable first name and a single syllable last name so that when people said all four names together it would still fit the same to the ear. Carr was shortened from his birth name Caravello, and he chose Eric from a list of first names his girlfriend at the time had created.[16] Paul Caravello remained his legal name.
For his Kiss persona, Carr initially tried "The Hawk"; this concept was apparently very difficult to realize in greasepaint – a suitable make-up design was never created, and the "Hawk" costume was a "bright orange yellow!" The idea was dropped after Paul Stanley mentioned that it looked like Big Bird.[17] With the band on deadline (only two weeks before Carr's stage debut), Carr came up with the make-up design for the persona of "The Fox"; Simmons liked it and thus the character was born. The original design was modified within days of Carr's initial photo sessions and debut concert as a Kiss member.[18]
Carr's first public performance was with the band in New York City's Palladium on July 25, 1980. His parents, warned to not tell anyone their son was in Kiss (to maintain the mystique that no one knew what the new member looked like without make-up), attended the concert, and were recognized by a friend who worked with Carr at a repair shop – and had no idea the new Kiss member behind the kit was his former coworker. " 'What are you doing here?' ", Carr's father, Albert Caravello, related in the Tale of the Fox DVD,[19] " 'You like Kiss?' I said, "Yeah!' " The next day, Bill Aucoin, Kiss manager, told Carr that his makeup was indistinguishable from the audience and asked the drummer to refine his Fox makeup.[20] On July 30, Carr was introduced to the public on an episode of the syndicated television youth show Kids Are People Too!, which aired in September 1980.[21] This was the first time he wore the makeup that most fans identity him with. For Christmas in 1980, the Kiss organization bought Carr a Porsche—so their new drummer would ride around in appropriate rock-star style. The car broke down often, and caused Carr quite a bit of grief.[19]
His persona remained consistent for three years until the band's well-publicized removal of their stage makeup in September 1983, live on MTV. The drastic move came after declining album sales and a poorly attended US tour. Carr thought the band was coming to an end, but Kiss slowly turned their career descent into a rebound, and the band thrived once again. Carr earned a reputation amongst fans for being very friendly and approachable. He answered more mail than other band members, and often added messages to his autographs. Despite replacing an original member, he gained popularity among fans based on his personality and percussion skills.[2]
Tenure in Kiss
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On August 29, 1980, Kiss began a European tour to support the Unmasked album. This was Carr's introduction to playing to large audiences, such as the 30,000 fans in Milan, Italy on September 2.[22] The European tour ended in mid-October, after which Kiss flew to Australia for a four-week run on the Southern Continent and New Zealand, beginning on November 8 and concluding on December 2. Of the 11 shows, 10 were sold out and the highest attendance occurred in Melbourne (45,000).[23] Carr's first tour with Kiss saw the band play 41 shows in 13 countries.
Carr's first album with Kiss was 1981's (Music from) The Elder, which marked a departure for the band toward a mystical art-rock direction. One of Carr's contributions to the album, "Under the Rose", is one of the few Kiss songs written in 6
8 time and featured a Gregorian chant-style chorus. Carr also cowrote "Escape From The Island" with Frehley and producer Bob Ezrin. It was only the second instrumental recorded by Kiss. Poor album sales and lower chart position did not allow Kiss to tour to support The Elder.
During the summer of 1982, Kiss dedicated themselves to creating a hard rock album that predominantly featured Carr's drumming and his unique style. Creatures of the Night was released on October 25, 1982. The heavy reverb on Carr's drums was a unique sound not previously heard on a Kiss album. The album featured nine songs, none of which were written by Carr. In late December 1982, Kiss began their first tour of North America since the 1979 Dynasty tour. It was Carr's first North American tour. The tour was poorly attended and ended in early April 1983 after only 53 shows. In June Kiss played in Brazil for the first time. The pent-up demand for Kiss resulted in high attendance, with approximately 137,000 people at the Rio de Janeiro show.[24]
Carr received writing credits on "All Hell's Breakin' Loose" from Lick It Up, "Under the Gun" from Animalize, and "No, No, No" from Crazy Nights. Carr said he found writing lyrics harder than writing music.[2]
Besides drumming, Carr also played guitar, bass guitar and piano, and also sang background vocals. Occasionally he sang lead vocals, such as on "Black Diamond" and "Young and Wasted" live with Kiss.[17] His first lead vocal in the studio was a re-recording of "Beth" (a song originally sung by Peter Criss) for the 1988 compilation album Smashes, Thrashes & Hits. Carr recorded his version of the song in the same room in the Record Plant where the song was originally recorded,[25] using the same backing track as Criss.
In 1989, he recorded a demo with Kiss lead guitarist Bruce Kulick. Carr wrote the music, played bass and drums, while Kulick played guitar. As Carr was not a proficient lyricist, he presented the demo to Simmons with the words to Marvin Gaye's 1965 classic "Ain't That Peculiar". Simmons wrote new lyrics, which Carr recorded for the subsequent Hot in the Shade release. The song was released as "Little Caesar". He performed the song a few times, but it wasn't performed beyond the first month of the tour. Carr's last live performance with Kiss was November 9, 1990, in New York City, at Madison Square Garden.
As a replacement member, Carr was a paid employee and did not have voting privileges, unlike the four founding members who shared profits and voting rights equally.[26] Through Carr's years in Kiss, his rank as an employee was a source of significant discontent for him. He felt excluded and unfairly treated as a second-class Kiss citizen, for instance not being allowed to share Simmons' and Stanley's limousine, only getting minimal exposure in videos such as the Kiss eXposed VHS, or being partially cropped out of the Asylum album cover. Unlike fellow bandmember Bruce Kulick with the same status, Carr grew ever more frustrated and unhappy, culminating in his feeling of being ditched by Kiss during his 1991 hospitalization.[27] In his autobiography, Peter Criss listed Carr as one of the people that Simmons and Stanley "drove mad": Carr "was reduced to sitting in his hotel room naked with the blinds all drawn, drinking and refusing to come out.".[28] However, this account is questionable as Carr and Criss only met a few times during the 11 years Carr was in Kiss. The two drummers were on friendly terms but did not regularly contact each other and were not friends.
During a 1999 interview with KISS Asylum, former Kiss guitarist Mark St. John spoke fondly of Carr but mentioned he wasn't given much creative freedom during the Animalize period: "We would go out to dinner, it would be one of those type of dinner meetings, and Eric would give everybody a tape of his demos because he wanted everybody to listen. Nobody else would give tapes of their music to anybody, but he wanted it so bad, you know, he still wanted to put his music out there. Well, it was like a money thing -- if Eric got a song on the album he would make more money and people would like it more and yadda, yadda, yadda. It would be like a domino effect so they never let him do it.[29]
Carr's last recording with Kiss was for the song "God Gave Rock 'N' Roll to You II", which featured him on backing vocals. The last time Carr worked with Kiss was in July 1991 when Kiss filmed the video for "God Gave Rock 'N Roll to You" with Carr playing drums. Carr's last public appearance with the band was at the MTV Video Music Awards in September 1991.
Paul Stanley memoir
[edit]In his 2014 memoir Face the Music: A Life Exposed, Kiss frontman Paul Stanley described Carr as a kind and talented, but troubled, soul. Carr allegedly fixated on the fact that he was neither going to be a founding member of Kiss, nor the band's first drummer. After having just met drummer Eric Singer and remaining insecure despite being in good standing with Kiss, Carr made the prescient claim that Singer was going to replace him as the new drummer in the band, which ultimately did occur in 1992 (after Carr's death). For long periods, he would not even talk to Stanley. In his book, Stanley also recalls several memorable Carr episodes, including one in which he went out with a female photographer who later took nude photos of him in a bathtub holding a glass of champagne, claiming that the photographer had promised not to publish them (the photos were soon publicized in the journal with which the photographer was associated).[30]
Influences and style
[edit]Carr was a powerful hard-hitting drummer and one of the first drummers to adopt the classic 1980s snare drum sound: a highly reverberated and low-tuned sound. In his 1980 resume sent to Kiss, Carr stated that his drumming style ranged from heavy metal and hard rock to pop and new wave claiming that "I can adapt to most situations easily." He listed drummers John Bonham, Keith Moon and Lenny White as influences.[31]
In addition, Carr was an avid fan of The Beatles and the band's drummer Ringo Starr. In an interview he recalled, "I was caught up in the whole Beatlemania thing. I guess I was attracted to the drums because of the feeling of the rhythm and how it moved you, just sitting in your seat. I loved the way Ringo moved. I identified with him at the time".[11] Photographs of Carr during his high school years show his hair cut and styled in the iconic Beatles haircut.
Carr's interest in double bass drumming came from his admiration of Ginger Baker and John Bonham, once telling 16 magazine, "I just loved the way John Bonham played drums".[32] Carr also had a love of all types of music; songwriter Adam Mitchell once described Carr as knowing a lot about folk, R&B and other non-rock styles.[19] In a 1983 interview, Carr told USA Network interviewer Al Bandero that he listened to "a lot" of Neil Young, and liked many different types of music.[33] Simmons has stated that Carr's harder drumming style pushed Kiss into becoming a heavier band than it had been when jazz-inspired Criss was the band's drummer.[34]
Illness and death
[edit]In February 1991, Carr began feeling ill. Medical tests initially revealed what appeared to be manageable health issues.[35] However, further tests determined that he had heart cancer. In April 1991, Carr underwent a series of surgeries to remove tumors in his right atrium and lungs in an effort to restore heart function and prevent the cancer's growth. Soon after Carr's diagnosis, Paul Stanley and Gene Simmons replaced him with session drummer Eric Singer to commence new recordings for the band's upcoming album Revenge. After recovering from the multiple surgeries, Carr pressed Stanley and Simmons to let him back in the band. Stanley and Simmons refused; both have stated they repeatedly told Carr to focus on his cancer treatments and they would allow him to return to Kiss once he regained his health. The doctors refused to let Carr leave the hospital on any conditions, no matter how he pleaded with them. Gene Simmons revealed that Eric Carr's favorite food was McDonald's, and that he and Paul Stanley would sneak out to bring back fries and other food to share with everyone, including Carr.
By mid-1991, the band was preparing to shoot the music video for their upcoming single "God Gave Rock and Roll to You II". Despite his poor health, Carr asked Stanley and Simmons to allow him to be in the video. They ultimately agreed, after the doctors let the band know that Carr had only two or three months left to live. The doctors decided that Carr might as well do what he wanted and be happy in his last few weeks.
Carr flew to Los Angeles to film the video in July 1991.[19] By that point, he had lost his hair due to chemotherapy treatments and was wearing a wig. During the filming of the video, Carr was in enormous pain, taking medications periodically throughout the filming. After the video shoot, Carr flew back to New York to continue cancer treatments; his health had deteriorated to the point where he was unable to play drums for the recording sessions for Revenge. Carr's replacement, Eric Singer, played on the album's tracks.
Carr's last public appearance with Kiss was at the MTV Video Music Awards in September 1991. Not long afterwards, he suffered an aneurysm and was rushed to the hospital. Several days later, he suffered a brain hemorrhage and never regained consciousness. He died on November 24, 1991, at the age of 41. His death occurred on the same day as Freddie Mercury, the lead singer of the British rock band Queen, whose death attracted more media attention.[36] Carr had also been in a nearly four-year relationship with future model/actress Carrie Stevens at the time of his death. He had been planning on giving her an engagement ring for her birthday.[37]
In keeping with Carr's accessibility to his fans, his family decided to open his funeral service to the public while reserving the interment as a private event.[38] Carr is interred in Cedar Hill Cemetery in the town of Newburgh, New York.[39]
Although it was not publicized at the time, Carr's death was considered controversial amongst his family and Kiss. Both Paul Stanley and Gene Simmons were labeled the "bad guys" by Carr for booting him out of the band and not supporting him in his time of need. The two were not made aware of this until they attended his funeral and were treated with hostility by Carr's family and friends. Stanley wrote in his autobiography that, at the time, he believed the allegation of mistreating Carr was simply untrue and that he did what he thought was right to support him. However, during Carr's service, Stanley admitted to "sobbing uncontrollably" and came to regret how he had treated Carr during his illness.[40]
Legacy and accolades
[edit]Rockology and Rockheads and Unfinished Business
[edit]Former Kiss guitarist Bruce Kulick, along with Carr's family, released Carr's first and only solo album in 1999, titled Rockology, which featured many demos that Kulick and Carr worked on together (along with songwriter and friend Adam Mitchell). The CD features several songs with Carr on lead vocals as well as on bass guitar, along with Kulick on guitars and Mitchell assisting Carr with many of the background vocals. This album includes "Somebody's Waiting" and "Tiara", a song that he originally wrote for his planned children's cartoon show called Rockheads, a rock band parody featuring four characters (Slider, Clive, Scruffy and Punky) with different characteristics and personalities.[41] It is speculated[by whom?] that Carr is a relative of skater Perry Caravello,[citation needed] star of the cult film classic Windy City Heat. However, when contacted via Instagram in late 2021, he responded with “Eric Carr, from the band KISS? I am not sure… It might be possible though”. In 2011, Carr's family released an album of his unreleased songs called Unfinished Business. The album consists of 18 songs and runs 43 minutes in length, and includes Carr singing Shandi, which was taken directly from his 1980 tape he sent into Kiss for his audition.
Tributes
[edit]As a tribute, the group's 1992 release Revenge featured what is said to be the only drum solo Carr ever recorded with the band,[17] entitled "Carr Jam 1981", a jam session recorded for the Music From "The Elder" sessions (former Kiss guitarist Ace Frehley's original guitar part was overdubbed by Bruce Kulick). Much of the soloing was seasoned during Kiss' 1980 Unmasked Tour of Europe and Australia, and put down during the Music From "The Elder" sessions. Carr had for years been trying to get his hands on a copy of the solo for his personal collection, but his request was always rebuffed by Bob Ezrin with the excuse that he did not know where the masters for the session were.[citation needed] After Carr's death, the solo surfaced as "Carr Jam 1981".[42]
The Revenge album was dedicated to Carr. He was also paid homage on the "Kiss My Ass" and Kissology 2 videos. However, the band declined a tribute concert that was requested by a circle of fans the year after his death. Simmons stated, "We didn't want to do a tribute concert. We are dedicating the album to his name, but no concerts in his name. It's not our style."[43]
A further tribute was produced in 1992 called Eric Carr: The Memorial Tribute. It was first broadcast live on 88.1 FM / WCWP, where Carr had been interviewed three years earlier while doing press for the Hot in the Shade album.[citation needed] Running for approximately three hours, the tribute featured a re-broadcast of the interview, interspersed with biographical information and details of Carr's extracurricular projects, along with all the officially released songs Carr had written or cowritten. Though broadcast just once, Eric Carr: The Memorial Tribute was released several years later (seemingly in an unofficial capacity) as a two-tape box set, designed to resemble the Kiss solo albums. It featured a newly commissioned painting of Carr in his fox makeup, patterned after the rarely seen original by Eraldo Carugati (the artist who did the paintings for the original four Kiss solo album covers, plus one of Carr that was never officially released).[44]
Only July 25, 1995, 15 years to the day of Carr's Kiss debut, he was posthumously inducted into the Rock Walk Hall of Fame at Guitar Center in Hollywood.[45] Carr's parents, Albert and Connie Caravello, accepted a plaque in Carr's honor. Former Kiss guitarist Ace Frehley was inducted in the "Rock Walk" during the same ceremony. Frehley's handprint was placed to the right of the Kiss display.[46] Carr's acknowledgment was a bronze plaque with his name, autograph and a separate icon of the Fox makeup he wore. Peter Criss was added to the Rock Walk in 1996, with his handprints placed to the left of the Kiss display.[47]
On numerous solo tours since Carr's death, Frehley would play "Breakout" (with lyrics written by Carr and Frehley and later re-recorded as "Carr Jam '81" on Kiss's Revenge album) and dedicate it to Carr, who Frehley hopes is "checking out the show up there". Frehley also dedicated his 2009 solo album Anomaly to Carr.
There is a hidden "easter egg" in the 2007 Kissology II DVD collection (on disc three at the end of the production credits) showing a family videotape made of Carr, on his hospital bed, speaking into the camera thanking his fans for their cards, letters, and concern about his health. Dressed in white, Carr then exits the bed, and begins walking away only to return and moon the camera in rock n' roll style.[48]
On March 21, 2011, a book that explored Carr's entire life and musical career was released, titled The Eric Carr Story.[5]
On August 13, 2011, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Carr's death, a tribute concert was held in Atlanta, Georgia called Night of the Fox: The Eric Carr Tribute Concert. The main act, going under the name Little Caesar, played a 90-minute set of songs related to Carr. Made up mostly of Kiss songs from Carr's time in the band, the show also featured a song from Rockology ("Eyes of Love") plus songs written or co-written by Carr but recorded by other artists, such as "Don't Leave Me Lonely", a song recorded by Bryan Adams which was written by Carr for inclusion on Creatures of the Night album, but was rejected.[49] Also, a tribute album featuring never released songs and interviews called Unfinished Business was released by his family. The album featured members and former members of Kiss, Twisted Sister, Seether, ZO2, Europe. The album was released on November 8, 2011.[50]
In July 2005, Carr was voted the tenth best drummer of all time by Planet Rock.[51] No other member of Kiss was given the distinction of making the top ten in the categories of vocalist, bassist or guitarist. Carr was one of only two American drummers to make the list, with all others being either British or Canadian.
Bruce Kulick released a YouTube video titled Eric Carr "The Legend Lives On" (30th Anniversary Tribute) in 2021.
On November 9, 2023, the first book in an unauthorized biographical series, Eric Carr Revealed, was published. "The Rise of the Fox"[52] explores Carr's life in detail from his birth in 1950 up to Kiss entering the studio to record the 1982 album Creatures of the Night.
On January 9, 2024, Goldmine (magazine) placed Carr fourth on a list of drummers who improved or transformed existing bands when they joined.[53]
Discography
[edit]With Kiss
[edit]- 1981: Music from "The Elder"
- 1982: Killers – compilation album featuring 4 newly recorded tracks
- 1982: Creatures of the Night
- 1983: Lick It Up
- 1984: Animalize
- 1985: Asylum
- 1987: Crazy Nights
- 1988: Chikara
- 1988: Smashes, Thrashes & Hits – compilation album featuring 2 newly recorded tracks, vocals on "Beth" remake
- 1989: Hot in the Shade
- 1992: Revenge – backing vocals on "God Gave Rock 'N' Roll to You II", drums on "Carr Jam 1981"
- 1996: You Wanted the Best, You Got the Best!! – drums on "New York Groove"
- 2001: The Box Set
- 2002: The Very Best of Kiss
- 2004: The Best of Kiss, Volume 2: The Millennium Collection
- 2005: Gold
- 2023: Off the Soundboard: Live In Poughkeepsie NY 1984
- 2025: Off the Soundboard: Live In San Antonio, Texas 1985
Kiss video albums
[edit]- 1985: Animalize Live Uncensored
- 1987: Exposed
- 1988: Crazy Nights
- 1994: Kiss My Ass: The Video
- 2007: Kissology Volume Two: 1978–1991
Solo
[edit]- 1999: Rockology
- 2011: Unfinished Business
Other albums
[edit]- 1979: Lightning (Lightning) – backing vocals and drums on all tracks[54]
- 1983: Bryan Adams (Cuts Like a Knife) – cowrote "Don't Leave Me Lonely"
- 1984: Wendy O. Williams (WOW) – cowrote "Ain't None of Your Business", drums on "Legends Never Die"
- 1987: Frehley's Comet (Frehley's Comet) – cowrote "Breakout"
- 1998: Garbo Talks (Garbo Talks) – drums on "Game of Love"[55]
- 2000: Various artists (Prophecy: A Tribute to Eric Carr) – drums on "Your Turn to Cry"
- 2008: Faith Circus (Faith Circus) – cowrote "Can You Feel It"
Unreleased recordings
[edit]Carr's family announced in 2006 that they would release material written and recorded by Carr between 1980 and 1991, including the following songs:[56]
- "Elephant Man"
- "Dial L for Love"
- "Midnight Stranger"
- "The Troubles Inside You"
- "Tiara" (Demo)
The first four songs were released on the 2011 album, Unfinished Business, while "Tiara" appeared on the 1999 album, Rockology.
References
[edit]- ^ Symmons, J. (2023). The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982, Eric Carr Revealed, Volume 1, an unauthorized biography, page 127, Spirit of Inquiry. ISBN 978-1-7390695-1-3. Spirit of Inquiry. November 9, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Growing Up Cool" (taped interview), Providence, RI, June 20, 1990, KISS Alliance fanzine
- ^ Epstein, M. (1983, September). "The KISS of Success." Modern Drummer Magazine, 7(9), 15-17, 70,72,74,76
- ^ Symmons, J. (2023). The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982, Eric Carr Revealed, Volume 1, an unauthorized biography, pages 133-134, Spirit of Inquiry. ISBN 978-1-7390695-1-3
- ^ a b "The Eric Carr Story: Greg Prato: 9780578074245: Amazon.com: Books". Amzn.com. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ Gill, Julian (2005). The Kiss Album Focus, Vol. 1 - Kings of the Night Time World, 1972-82 (3 ed.). Xlibris. ISBN 978-1-41-348547-9.[self-published source]
- ^ a b Eric Carr Memorial Tribute 2001 Archived July 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved Jan 2011
- ^ 25 Years Later, Disco Fire Haunts Its Survivors, The New York Times, July 1, 1999
- ^ "Photo of Gullivers Nightclub Fire Aftermath". Frogstorm.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ "Gulliver's Fire 1974 news articles". Kissfaq.com. July 27, 2012. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f Eric Carr Memorial Tribute 2001 Archived July 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Gooch, C. & Suhs, J. 2002, KISS Alive Forever, Billboard Books, page 109
- ^ The Kiss & Related Recordings Focus by Julian Gill, page 94
- ^ Guitar World, October issue, 1998
- ^ Stanley, P. (2014). "Face the Music: A Life Exposed," New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers
- ^ Jan. 2008 issue Kiss Destroyer fanzine (Kiss Army Sweden) from recorded phone interview, April 1990
- ^ a b c Sherman, Dale (2009). Black Diamond: The Unauthorized Biography of Kiss (10th Anniversary Edition). Ontario, Canada: CG Publishing Inc. ISBN 978-1-894959-92-6. pp. 125–6.
- ^ See People Magazine cover photo, August 1980: "Kiss, they're Rich, Raunchy, and not so Repulsive"
- ^ a b c d Tale of the Fox, DVD
- ^ Symmons, J. (2023). The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982, Eric Carr Revealed, Volume 1, an unauthorized biography, p. 68, Spirit of Inquiry. ISBN 978-1-7390695-1-3
- ^ Symmons, J. (2023). The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982, Eric Carr Revealed, Volume 1, an unauthorized biography, p. 69, Spirit of Inquiry. ISBN 978-1-7390695-1-3
- ^ Gooch, C. & Suhs, J. 2002, KISS Alive Forever, Billboard Books, page 110
- ^ Gooch, C. & Suhs, J. 2002, KISS Alive Forever, Billboard Books, page 111
- ^ Gooch, C. & Suhs, J. 2002, KISS Alive Forever, Billboard Books, page 127
- ^ The Neon Glow Fanzine, vol. 1, spring 1992, page 2
- ^ No Regrets, Ace Frehley, 2011
- ^ Becker & Lindeblad, 2017 TV documentary "The Guitarist Who Disappeared"
- ^ Makeup to Breakup: My Life In and Out of Kiss, Peter Criss, 2012
- ^ Mark St. John: The KISS ASYLUM Interview. (1999)
- ^ Stanley, P. (2014). Face the Music: A Life Exposed New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers.
- ^ Symmons, J. (2023). The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982, Eric Carr Revealed, Volume 1, an unauthorized biography, page 19, Spirit of Inquiry. ISBN 978-1-7390695-1-3. Spirit of Inquiry. November 9, 2023.
- ^ 16 Magazine, March 1983 "Rock Round-Up"
- ^ Kiss: Yesterday & Today, USA Network air date August 1983
- ^ Kiss Exposed (VHS). Polygram Video. 1987.
- ^ Recorded Telephone interview, April 1991.
- ^ Wilkening, Matthew (November 24, 2014). "23 Years Ago: Kiss Drummer Eric Carr Dies". Ultimate Classic Rock. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
- ^ "Playmate Carrie Stevens Talks About Eric Carr". Legendary Rock Interviews. June 4, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
- ^ Kiss Central
- ^ Rock and Roll Roadmap
- ^ Stanley, Paul (January 10, 2018). "Paul Stanley talking about Eric Carr's death". YouTube. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- ^ AMG AllMusic Guide: Pop Artists: Eric Carr Eric Carr on Answers.com. Retrieved June 2008.
- ^ Kiss – Carr Jam 1981 on YouTube. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
- ^ Firehouse Magazine, issue 54, Sept/Oct 1992, page 12
- ^ Kiss – Eric Carr Radio Interview 1989 on YouTube. Retrieved April 8, 2012.
- ^ "Eric Carr Photo Gallery & Information Centre". Eric-carr.info. Archived from the original on December 3, 2010. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ^ "KISS MASK: ACE FREHLEY's ROCK WALK Induction July 1995". July 30, 2012.
- ^ "RockWalk au Guitar Center à Los Angeles".
- ^ Kissology II released on VH1 Records
- ^ "Event". Night of the Fox. July 13, 2013. Archived from the original on January 2, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ "MVD – Eric Carr – Unfinished Business". Mvdb2b.com. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ "Zeppelin voted 'ideal supergroup'". BBC News. July 10, 2005.
- ^ The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982, by Janet Symmons, Spirit of Inquiry, ISBN 978-1-7390695-1-3. Spirit of Inquiry. November 9, 2023.
- ^ "Top 20 bands improved by new drummers". January 9, 2024.
- ^ "Eric Carr Photo Gallery & Information Centre". Eric-carr.info. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ^ "Kiss Related Recordings; Garbo Talks 1998". Kissfaq.com. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ^ "Kiss: Newly Discovered Songs From Late Eric Carr to Surface" Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Blabbermouth.net. March 14, 2006.
External links
[edit]- Official website

- Introducing the Rockheads Archived June 3, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- Eric Carr Photo Gallery & Information Centre Archived February 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- Photo of Carr in "The Hawk" greasepaint
- Eric Carr discography at Discogs
- Eric Carr at Find a Grave
Eric Carr
View on GrokipediaEarly Life and Career
Early Life
Paul Charles Caravello, who later adopted the stage name Eric Carr, was born on July 12, 1950, in the East New York section of Brooklyn, New York City, to Albert and Connie Caravello.[1] Of Italian-American heritage, he grew up in a working-class family; his father was a trumpet player, while his mother, who had a background in singing opera, encouraged his creative pursuits from an early age.[5] Caravello developed an interest in music after being inspired by The Beatles in 1964.[1] His family's musical environment, including his grandfather's experience as a vaudeville trombonist, further nurtured this interest, though formal musical training was limited initially.[5] He began as largely self-taught, practicing basic techniques through persistent experimentation in his room, where he also explored other artistic hobbies like drawing cartoons and photography.[1] During his teenage years, Caravello attended the High School of Art and Design in Manhattan, majoring in photography while harboring dreams of becoming a cartoonist.[1] He possessed a shy personality that kept him focused inward rather than socially outgoing.[5] By his mid-teens, his passion for music solidified, leading him to prioritize drumming over other paths after graduating high school in 1967.[1]Pre-Kiss Career
Carr began his professional music career in his mid-teens, forming the band The Cellarmen in 1965 with school friends in Brooklyn, New York. The group played local clubs in Brooklyn and Queens, covering Beatles and other top-40 hits, and recorded demos released on Jody Records.[1] He progressed through several short-lived groups in the late 1960s, including Things That Go Bump in the Night and Smack, where he built foundational skills in ensemble playing and live performance. In the early 1970s, Carr joined Salt 'n' Pepper, a racially diverse cover band that tackled hard rock, soul, and pop standards; the group evolved into Creation by the mid-1970s, incorporating disco elements and securing openings for major acts. These experiences sharpened his versatility in hard rock arrangements and audience engagement during extended club residencies.[1] In 1974, while performing with Creation at Gulliver's nightclub in Port Chester, New York, the venue caught fire; Carr heroically saved a bandmate during the incident. The band later became Bionic Boogie and opened for artists including Stevie Wonder and Nina Simone.[1] Throughout the 1970s, Carr faced repeated rejections in auditions for established acts, underscoring his persistence in the competitive New York rock scene amid financial instability. To sustain his musical ambitions, he took various day jobs. He relocated frequently within the New York metropolitan area for better gig opportunities and networked through the local musician community.[6]Time with Kiss
Audition and Selection
In 1980, Kiss faced significant internal challenges following the departure of founding drummer Peter Criss, who was fired on May 18 due to ongoing substance abuse issues, including excessive partying and alcoholism, as well as escalating tensions with bandmates Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley over his unreliable performance and perceived lack of dedication.[7] Criss's drumming had deteriorated during the recording of the band's 1980 album Unmasked, where session musicians often replaced him, exacerbating frustrations within the group.[7] At the time, Kiss was still performing in their iconic stage makeup, though the band's commercial momentum was waning amid creative shifts and lineup instability.[8] To fill the vacancy, Kiss management organized auditions for over 25 drummers in mid-June 1980 at Starr Sound Studios in New York City, with sessions spanning three to four days.[8] Paul Charles Caravello, a session drummer with prior experience in New York-area bands, submitted a tape, resume, and photos to Aucoin Management and was called in for day two of the tryouts.[6] He quickly learned five Kiss songs—"Detroit Rock City," "Strutter," "Firehouse," "Rock and Roll All Nite," and "Black Diamond"—and performed them alongside a short drum solo, also providing lead vocals on "Black Diamond."[8] Caravello impressed Simmons and Stanley with his solid, powerful drumming style that emphasized groove and reliability over flashy technique, along with his vocal abilities and humble demeanor, setting him apart from more technically proficient but overconfident candidates like Bobby Rondinelli.[8][6] The band offered him the position immediately after his Friday audition, following a callback on Saturday and initial rehearsal on Monday, viewing him as a professional fit who could restore stability to their rhythm section.[6] Upon joining, Caravello adopted the stage name Eric Carr, shortening his surname from Caravello for simplicity while selecting "Eric" from a list suggested by his girlfriend to align with the band's three-syllable naming convention, retaining a sense of personal authenticity.[8] Officially hired on July 1, 1980, he integrated through intensive summer rehearsals lasting about 25 days, preparing for his debut show on July 25 at the Palladium in New York City, and participated in early photo shoots to introduce the new lineup.[8]Stage Makeup and Persona
Upon joining Kiss in 1980 as the replacement for drummer Peter Criss, Eric Carr developed the "The Fox" persona to establish a distinct identity within the band's established animal-themed lineup, drawing inspiration from the fox's reputation for slyness and vitality. The character emerged from an all-night brainstorming session with Kiss manager Bill Aucoin, after an initial "Hawk" concept—featuring feathers, a beak, and a protruding chest piece—was rejected by Carr as unappealing and impractical. Carr, who also adopted his stage name at this time, collaborated on the final design, opting for a sleek fox motif to avoid overlapping with Criss's "Catman" and to inject fresh energy into the group's visual spectacle.[9] The makeup featured rustic orange tones with silver accents, aggressive angular markings around the eyes and cheeks to evoke cunning ferocity, and elements like subtle fox ears incorporated into the headpiece; Carr later simplified the initial overly intricate version by adding a white facial strip for better contrast and definition. A corresponding costume included a real fur collar on the jacket, enhancing the wild, playful aesthetic that aligned with Carr's enthusiastic and lighthearted demeanor. This design symbolized the fox's wily nature, as Carr himself described becoming "the fox because I'm wily," reflecting his self-perceived clever and dynamic personality. The persona was first publicly unveiled during a July 1980 photo session for People magazine and at the band's press announcements that summer, marking Carr's integration into Kiss's iconic imagery.[9][10][11] While the core makeup underwent minor refinements for stage practicality, the "The Fox" persona endured as a fan-favorite addition, praised for its approachable yet fierce vibe that revitalized Kiss's theatrical appeal during a transitional period. Carr expressed strong personal attachment to the role, viewing it as an extension of his playful energy and contributing to his sense of belonging in the band. In contrast to the more feline, mystical "Catman," "The Fox" introduced a sharper, more terrestrial edge to the lineup—retaining the animal theme but emphasizing agility and mischief over Criss's brooding style, which Paul Stanley had deemed too obvious to reprise. The makeup was used through Kiss's 1983 shift to a non-makeup era, though the persona's spirit persisted in Carr's performances until his departure in 1991.[9][10][12]Tenure and Contributions
Eric Carr joined Kiss in July 1980 as their new drummer, replacing Peter Criss, and made his recording debut on the band's 1981 concept album Music from "The Elder", where he provided full drumming duties and co-wrote the track "Under the Rose" with Gene Simmons.[13] Produced by Bob Ezrin, the album marked Carr's integration into the band's evolving sound during a transitional period, though it received mixed commercial reception.[14] Throughout the 1980s, Carr contributed drums to several key Kiss releases, solidifying his role in the band's hard rock resurgence. He played on the heavier Creatures of the Night (1982), the unmasked Lick It Up (1983), Animalize (1984), and subsequent albums up to Hot in the Shade (1989), delivering a powerful, straightforward style that supported the group's arena-rock direction.[15][16] His songwriting involvement grew over time, including co-credits on "Little Caesar" from Hot in the Shade (with Gene Simmons and Adam Mitchell) and the posthumously released "Betrayed" from Revenge (1992, with Gene Simmons and Tommy Thayer). These contributions highlighted Carr's creative input beyond percussion, often infusing tracks with melodic elements reflective of his rock influences. On tour, Carr was a dynamic presence during Kiss's extensive 1980s world tours, performing elaborate drum solos that became highlights of live shows, such as those leading into "War Machine" and providing rhythmic intros to songs like "Tears Are Falling."[17] He participated in major events, including the 1988 Monsters of Rock festival in England, headlined by Iron Maiden and others, drawing massive crowds and showcasing the band's renewed energy.[14] These performances underscored Carr's technical prowess and stage reliability, helping Kiss reconnect with fans amid lineup stability. As the decade progressed, internal band dynamics grew strained due to creative differences and commercial pressures, though Carr remained loyal to the group despite frustrations.[18] In 1991, following a cancer diagnosis, he was temporarily replaced by Eric Singer for recording and touring obligations on the Revenge album, allowing the band to continue while Carr focused on treatment; he passed away later that year on November 24.[2]Mentions in Band Memoirs
In Paul Stanley's memoir Face the Music: A Life Exposed (2014), Eric Carr is depicted as a reliable and fun-loving addition to Kiss, bringing a sense of dedication and warmth that revitalized the band's dynamic during his audition and early tenure in the 1980s. Stanley highlights anecdotes of camaraderie, portraying Carr as an enthusiastic participant in the group's non-makeup era activities, though he critiques Carr's lack of ambition in pursuing songwriting contributions beyond his drumming role. Gene Simmons' autobiography Kiss and Make-Up (2001) offers praise for Carr's drumming, emphasizing the stability he provided to the rhythm section following Peter Criss's departure, which helped steady the band's performances during a turbulent period. However, Simmons also notes Carr's growing frustration with certain band decisions, reflecting tensions over creative control and direction in the mid-1980s. Ace Frehley's No Regrets (2011) includes brief but positive mentions of Carr as a supportive influence, crediting him with fostering a sense of camaraderie among the lineup and serving as the emotional "heart" of the band during the unmasked years. Frehley contrasts Carr's approachable nature with the egos of original members, underscoring his outsider status while acknowledging his genuine efforts to integrate and contribute positively. These memoirs collectively balance Carr's musical reliability and personal warmth against the challenges of navigating band dynamics as a non-original member, often highlighting how egos and decision-making processes limited his full integration. Such portrayals have influenced fan perceptions, emphasizing Carr's likable personality and stabilizing presence beyond his technical skills, thereby enhancing his legacy as an underappreciated figure in Kiss history.Musical Style and Influences
Key Influences
Eric Carr's drumming was profoundly shaped by a blend of rock icons and jazz-rock innovators, drawing from his early exposures and self-taught techniques. As a child in Brooklyn, New York, Carr was first inspired by Ringo Starr of The Beatles, whom he credited with igniting his passion for the instrument after seeing the band on The Ed Sullivan Show in 1964.[6][19] In interviews, he described this moment as transformative, stating, "I started playing in '64 when the Beatles came out. Music became my life and I just got attached to Ringo and the drums," leading him to mimic Starr's straightforward, supportive style despite being left-handed and adapting to a right-handed setup.[19] His widow, Loretta Caravello, later recalled that young Paul (Carr's birth name) idolized Starr to the point of wanting "to be like Ringo," emphasizing the Beatle's role as the reliable "backbone" in a high-energy group dynamic.[20] As Carr honed his skills through high school and into his professional start, rock powerhouses like John Bonham of Led Zeppelin emerged as dominant influences, particularly for their raw intensity and economy. Carr named Bonham his primary idol, praising his ability to convey massive impact with minimalism: "Bonham above everyone was my main influence... He could do more with two snare beats than someone else could do with all kinds of fills."[6] This admiration extended to Bonham's double-bass techniques, which Carr emulated to build thunderous grooves, and he often wore Led Zeppelin shirts during rehearsals as a nod to the band's lasting hold on him.[21] Similarly, Ginger Baker of Cream and Keith Moon of The Who contributed to his hard rock roots, with Baker's pioneering double-bass work and Moon's explosive energy listed among Carr's key inspirations in his 1980 audition resume for Kiss.[22] Carr reflected on growing up immersed in these acts, noting, "Led Zep and The Who were also tremendous parts of my life," alongside The Rolling Stones, which collectively fueled his drive for precision and power in rock drumming.[21] Broader jazz elements entered Carr's palette through figures like Lenny White, the fusion drummer known for his work with Return to Forever, whose versatile, hard-hitting approach Carr respected for bridging technical finesse with rhythmic drive.[6][22] He self-described his style as a fusion of "rock energy with technical control," aiming to support the song like a band's structural foundation while allowing room for dynamic bursts—echoing Bonham's influence but tempered by White's jazz-rock sophistication.[6] Carr's approach evolved significantly during the 1970s New York rock scene, where he gigged relentlessly in gritty venues amid the rise of arena-oriented hard rock. This environment exposed him to contemporaries such as Aerosmith and Blue Öyster Cult, refining his raw talent into a polished, high-volume style suited for large stages, as he transitioned from cover tunes to original material in pursuit of broader rock ambitions.[6] By the late 1970s, these experiences had solidified his identity as a drummer who prioritized "being the backbone," much like Starr's role in The Beatles, ensuring steady propulsion amid chaotic energy.[19]Drumming Style
Eric Carr's drumming style was characterized by powerful, straightforward grooves that emphasized the bass drum and snare, delivering an atomic backbeat with raw energy and precision. He prioritized feel over technical complexity, often employing simple yet effective fills and double-kick patterns to create syncopation and drive, as heard in his live performances where he maintained endurance through extended sets. One of his signature traits was the use of a highly reverberated, low-tuned snare drum sound, which he was among the first hard-hitting rock drummers to adopt, contributing to Kiss's heavier post-1980s sonic identity.[6][3] Carr favored Ludwig drums for his kits, typically featuring a large setup with multiple toms (such as 10", 12", 14", and 16" rack toms, an 18" floor tom, and twin 24" bass drums) mounted on RIMS mounts for resonance and tuned with clear Ambassador or Diplomat heads to achieve a cannon-like bass drum punch reminiscent of his key influence, John Bonham. He paired these with K. Zildjian cymbals, including 16" and 18" crashes, a 24" ride, and 14" hi-hats, though he occasionally used a 6.5" wood Yamaha snare for its crisp attack. For solos, Carr customized his setup to highlight double bass patterns, often incorporating electronic elements like Simmons pads starting from the 1985 Asylum tour onward, which added innovative textures to his acoustic foundation in the late 1980s.[6][23] His style evolved notably within Kiss, shifting from the more experimental, concept-driven approach on Music from "The Elder" (1981), where he contributed compositions blending melody and dynamics, to the hard-hitting, aggressive grooves on Creatures of the Night (1982), which marked a return to raw rock power and solidified his role in revitalizing the band's sound. By the late 1980s, he integrated electronics more prominently, enhancing fills with triggered sounds while retaining his core powerhouse reliability. Carr's strengths lay in his live consistency and ability to propel Kiss's anthemic feel, making him technically schooled and adaptable, as praised by producer Bob Ezrin for his "amazing" performances and willingness to refine takes. However, some critiques noted a lack of the jazz-inflected flair that Peter Criss brought, positioning Carr as excelling in rock precision over improvisational looseness.[6][24][25] Notable examples of his style include the structured drum solos during the 1984 Animalize tour, where he built from basic grooves to high-speed double bass runs blended with melodic tom patterns and electronic accents, engaging audiences with escalating intensity before culminating in explosive finishes. These performances underscored his endurance and entertainment value, often transitioning seamlessly into songs while showcasing tight fills that maintained the band's high-energy momentum.[6][3]Illness and Death
Diagnosis and Health Struggles
In early 1991, following the conclusion of Kiss's *Hot in the Shade* tour, Eric Carr began experiencing symptoms of illness that initially appeared manageable through medical tests.[4] Further examinations revealed a rare and aggressive form of heart cancer, characterized by a malignant tumor in his heart.[26] The diagnosis came as a shock to Carr and the band, with only about six cases of this type reported annually, underscoring its extreme rarity.[18] In April 1991, Carr underwent open-heart surgery at a New York hospital to excise the primary tumor from his right atrium, along with additional tumors discovered in his lungs during the procedure.[4] Despite the severity, Carr maintained a publicly optimistic outlook, drawing strength from support provided by his girlfriend and Kiss members Paul Stanley and Gene Simmons, who visited him during recovery.[18] The surgeries temporarily restored some heart function, but the cancer's spread necessitated further intervention.[27] Chemotherapy treatments commenced in July 1991, with Carr admitted to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center on June 9 for a four-day initial course, followed by additional sessions that caused significant side effects, including hair loss.[28] By August, doctors declared him in remission, offering brief hope amid relapses that soon followed.[29] These health challenges forced Carr to withdraw from recording sessions for Kiss's 1992 album Revenge, where session drummer Eric Singer filled in, marking an emotional strain on Carr who had contributed to early demos before his condition worsened.[4]Final Days and Passing
In the summer of 1991, Eric Carr's health declined sharply amid ongoing chemotherapy treatments following the removal of a malignant tumor from his heart earlier that year. He faced repeated hospitalizations as the cancer progressively weakened him, leaving him too frail to drum or participate in band activities. This deterioration prevented him from contributing to the recording sessions for Kiss's album Revenge, which began in late 1991, with drummer Eric Singer handling the percussion parts instead.[26][30] Despite his frailty, Carr mustered the strength for final band engagements, including filming the music video for "God Gave Rock 'n' Roll to You II" in July 1991, where he insisted on appearing and playing drums, outlasting the crew with his enthusiasm even while wearing a wig to conceal chemotherapy effects. His last public outing with Kiss was at the 1991 MTV Video Music Awards on September 5, after which he suffered an aneurysm and brain hemorrhage, resulting in extended hospitalization.[31][2] Carr died on November 24, 1991, at age 41, from heart failure triggered by the cancer's spread, while receiving care at Bellevue Hospital in New York City.[32][29] Kiss publicly mourned Carr's loss in a December 1991 letter to Rolling Stone, decrying the magazine's failure to acknowledge his passing and praising his 11-year commitment, including over 800 performances and contributions to albums that sold more than eight million copies. His funeral took place on November 30, 1991, at St. Joseph's Church in Middletown, New York, drawing bandmates Paul Stanley, Gene Simmons, Bruce Kulick, and Ace Frehley, along with grieving fans; he was interred at Cedar Hill Cemetery in Newburgh, New York. To continue touring and complete Revenge, the band swiftly brought in Eric Singer as replacement drummer.[33][34][30] The band's internal response reflected profound sorrow, with members later recalling the irreplaceable void left by Carr's optimism and drive, even as they pushed forward amid the grief.[2]Legacy and Recognition
Posthumous Releases
Following Eric Carr's death in 1991, several projects featuring his unreleased recordings and creative concepts were issued by his estate in collaboration with former bandmates and record labels. The first major posthumous release was the solo album Rockology, compiled from demos Carr had been developing in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Released on October 19, 1999, by Spitfire Records in partnership with Carr's family and Kiss guitarist Bruce Kulick, the album includes 12 tracks such as "Eyes of Love" and "Heavy Metal Baby," showcasing Carr's songwriting and vocal contributions alongside guest musicians.[35][36] In 2011, to mark the 20th anniversary of his passing, Carr's estate released Unfinished Business, a 18-track compilation of rare demos, live performances, and unfinished songs produced with input from Kulick and other collaborators. Issued by Auto Rock Records, the collection features tracks like "Just Can't Wait" (with vocals by Ted Poley) and "Troubles Inside," along with spoken-word segments from Carr himself, emphasizing his broader musical ambitions beyond Kiss. Recent reissues include a 2024 picture disc edition and a November 2025 liquid vinyl numbered edition limited to 500 copies, both by Culture Factory USA.[37][38][39] Carr's creative output extended to visual media, including the animated series concept The Rockheads, a rock band parody he developed in the late 1980s and 1990s featuring characters like Slider and Clive. Though unrealized during his lifetime, the project saw posthumous development through trailers and promotional efforts by his estate starting in the 2010s, blending animation with rock music themes.[40] Carr's contributions also appeared in larger Kiss retrospectives, such as the 2014 box set Kiss 40, which includes remastered tracks from his tenure on albums like Creatures of the Night (1982) and Lick It Up (1983). Rights to his recordings are managed by his estate in coordination with Kiss's label, Universal Music Group, ensuring inclusion in official compilations. Recent reissues of Rockology include a 2023 Record Store Day 2LP expanded edition with five previously unreleased demo tracks.[36][41] As of 2025, no major new studio albums have emerged, though fan-supported remasters of his solo work continue to circulate, and archival footage has surfaced online, including a July 2025 YouTube upload of Carr performing a cover of Tesla's "Love Song" backstage in 1990 on Kulick's guitar.[42]Tributes and Honors
Following Eric Carr's death in 1991, Kiss paid tribute to him during their 2014 induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, where bassist Gene Simmons explicitly thanked Carr alongside other former members in the acceptance speech.[43] The band continued this recognition with a social media post in 2020 marking what would have been his 70th birthday, sharing a video of his drum solo from the 1984 Animalize tour and highlighting his contributions to the group's sound.[44] A notable event honoring Carr was the "Night of the Fox: The Eric Carr Tribute Concert" held on August 13, 2011, in Atlanta, Georgia, featuring guest musicians performing his Kiss-era tracks and solo material to celebrate the 20th anniversary of his passing. Fans have maintained annual gatherings and online commemorations on his birthday, July 12, often organized through the official Eric Carr website, which hosts auctions, photo shares, and virtual tributes to keep his memory alive.[45] In recent years, honors have included the 2023 release of the unauthorized biography The Rise of the Fox: 1950-1982 by Janet Symmons, which details Carr's early life and rise to fame with Kiss, prompting discussions among rock historians about his underrecognized role in the band's 1980s resurgence. The following year, on July 12, 2025—his would-be 75th birthday—Kiss issued another official tribute via social media, while fans shared a newly surfaced YouTube video of Carr performing Tesla's "Love Song" backstage in 1990, underscoring ongoing appreciation for his versatility as a musician.[46] Fan-voted polls frequently rank Carr as the strongest technical drummer in Kiss history, citing his powerful style on albums like Creatures of the Night (1982), though no single poll dominates as definitive. His cultural impact endures through dedicated merchandise, including limited-edition vinyl reissues of his solo album Rockology (1999) as picture discs and splatter vinyl, as well as apparel and posters sold via the official estate-managed site. The estate, led by Carr's sister Loretta, actively preserves his legacy by curating these items and promoting archival content, ensuring his "Fox" persona remains a fan favorite in rock memorabilia.[12][41]Discography
With Kiss
Eric Carr joined Kiss as their drummer in 1980 and contributed to the band's recordings from that point until his declining health limited his involvement in 1990. His debut studio album with the group was Music from "The Elder" (1981), where he provided drums on all tracks, marking his introduction to the band's sound with a focus on orchestral elements rather than heavy rock.[3] On the 1982 compilation Killers, Carr played drums on four newly recorded tracks: "I'm a Legend Tonight," "Down on Your Knees," "Keep Me Comin'," and "Shout It Out Loud."[47] Carr's drumming style, characterized by powerful, hard-hitting fills and a thunderous presence, became prominent on Creatures of the Night (1982), where he performed on key tracks like "I Love It Loud" and the title song, helping to restore the band's aggressive rock edge.[3][48] He continued with full drum performances on subsequent studio albums: Lick It Up (1983), featuring his dynamic backbeats on hard rock anthems; Animalize (1984), emphasizing speed and precision; Asylum (1985), with robust rhythms supporting the band's pop-metal shift; Crazy Nights (1987), where his playing added drive to the album's energetic production; and Hot in the Shade (1989), his final full studio effort, including co-writing "Little Caesar" with Gene Simmons and Adam Mitchell.[49][3] Carr's drum work is highlighted in several video releases. The Kissology DVD series (2002–2008) features extensive footage from his tenure, including live drum solos and performances from tours supporting Lick It Up through Hot in the Shade.[6] The 2002 documentary Three Sides of the Coin includes clips of Carr's drumming, emphasizing his role in the band's 1980s evolution.[50] Specific solos from the Animalize tour, such as the one captured in Animalize Live Uncensored (1985 VHS, later reissued on DVD), showcase his technical prowess and crowd-engaging style during the 1984–1985 concerts.[51] For guest appearances on Kiss compilations, Carr provided isolated drum tracks and lead vocals on the re-recorded "Beth" for Smashes, Thrashes & Hits (1988), along with overdubs updating older material to match the band's contemporary sound.[52][53]Solo and Other Projects
Eric Carr's primary solo endeavor was the posthumously released album Rockology, a collection of 12 tracks drawn from demos he recorded during the 1980s while with Kiss.[36] The album, issued on October 19, 1999, by Rock Hard Records, features Carr handling lead vocals, drums, and songwriting on most cuts, with assistance from former Kiss guitarist Bruce Kulick and songwriter Adam Mitchell in completing and producing the material.[36] Notable tracks include the pop-inflected ballad "Eyes of Love" and the upbeat "Can You Feel It," showcasing Carr's melodic sensibilities beyond Kiss's harder-edged sound.[36] Another posthumous solo release, Unfinished Business (2011), compiles 18 tracks including demos, spoken-word pieces, and unfinished songs from Carr's personal archives. Produced by his family with contributions from musicians like Bruce Kulick and A.J. Pero, it features Carr on multiple instruments and highlights his songwriting range, from rock tracks like "Elephant Man" to ballads.[54] Outside of Kiss, Carr contributed to select tracks on other artists' recordings, demonstrating his versatility as a session drummer. He co-wrote "Breakout," a high-energy rocker from Ace Frehley's 1987 solo debut Frehley's Comet.[55] Additionally, Carr played drums on "Legends Never Die" from Wendy O. Williams' 1984 solo album W.O.W., a track originally demoed during Kiss sessions before being repurposed for Williams' project. Carr also pursued multimedia ventures, including conceptual contributions to the soundtrack for his animated TV project The Rockheads, a cartoon series featuring a fictional rock band that never fully materialized.[56] Several Rockology songs, such as "Too Cool for School," "Nasty Boys," and the ballad "Tiara," were specifically tailored as theme material for the show's rebellious, teen-oriented characters, blending pop-rock hooks with Carr's humorous, character-driven lyrics.[56] He appeared in a 1983 Night Flight TV interview alongside guitarist Vinnie Vincent, discussing Kiss's evolving sound during the non-makeup era.[57] Throughout his non-Kiss work, Carr's songwriting leaned toward accessible pop-rock structures, prioritizing catchy melodies and emotional depth over the bombast of his band material, as evident in the varied tempos and vocal-driven arrangements on Rockology.[16] This approach reflected his broad musical influences, from Beatles-inspired pop to jazz-inflected rhythms honed in his early club days.[6]Unreleased Recordings
During the 1980s, Eric Carr recorded numerous home demos as part of his efforts to develop a solo career outside of Kiss, showcasing his songwriting ambitions in rock and heavy metal styles. Notable examples include "Tiara," an early demo track intended for potential solo use, and "Midnight Stranger," a 1984 composition originally considered for Kiss's Animalize album but shelved for Carr's personal projects. These recordings, often featuring Carr on multiple instruments, highlight his interest in blending hard rock riffs with melodic elements, though many remained incomplete or unpolished due to his commitments with the band.[54] Kiss outtakes involving Carr from the mid-1980s include unused material from the Asylum (1985) sessions, such as the demo "Deadly Weapons," co-written by Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley, which featured Carr's drumming but was ultimately not selected for the final album. Similarly, prior to his health decline, Carr participated in 1991 rehearsals for what became Revenge, contributing to demos like "Elephant Man," a heavy track co-written with Simmons that was never officially recorded or released. These outtakes demonstrate Carr's role in shaping Kiss's evolving sound during a transitional period, with his powerful, precise drumming adding intensity to the band's hard rock direction.[58][54] Archival tapes from Carr's pre-Kiss era include early 1970s demos from his band Salt 'n' Pepper, a multi-genre cover outfit where he handled drums and occasional vocals on tracks like remastered versions of "Down By The River" and "Black Magic Woman." In a more recent development, a 1990 backstage video of Carr performing an acoustic cover of Tesla's "Love Song" on Bruce Kulick's guitar surfaced on YouTube in 2025, providing a rare glimpse into his ballad interpretations during downtime on tour. These early and informal recordings underscore Carr's foundational influences in rock and blues, contrasting with his later heavy metal work.[59][42] Much of Carr's unreleased material is held by his estate, managed by family members including sister Loretta Carr, with additional archives reportedly in Kiss's vaults; while some demos have leaked online via bootlegs, no full official releases occurred between 2020 and 2025 beyond brief snippets in compilations. The significance of these recordings lies in their revelation of Carr's versatility, from aggressive heavy metal demos like "Electric Thunder" (1986–1987) to emotive ballads, offering insight into untapped creative potential cut short by his illness.[54][56][12]| Known Unreleased Demos and Outtakes | Year | Description | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prisoners Of Rock and Roll | 1980 | Unfinished tour demo by Carr | Leaked on bootlegs |
| What You See Is What You Get | 1984–1985 | Demo with Gene Simmons, Carr on drums | Estate-held; unreleased |
| Eat Your Heart Out | 1984–1985 | Demo collaboration with Simmons | Unreleased |
| Make A Difference | 1989 | Charity song demo | Unreleased |
| Rock Your Mind (Breakout II) | 1989 | Unfinished with Ace Frehley | Leaked online |
