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List of military slang terms
List of military slang terms
List of military slang terms
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Military slang is a colloquial language used by and associated with members of various military forces. This page lists slang words or phrases that originate with military forces, are used exclusively by military personnel or are strongly associated with military organizations.

Acronym slang

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A number of military slang terms are acronyms. These include SNAFU, SUSFU, FUBAR, and similar terms used by various branches of the United States military during World War II.[citation needed]

BOHICA

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BOHICA stands for Bend Over, Here It Comes Again. The meaning is that something undesirable is going to happen again and that there is not much else one can do other than just endure it.

The Log, the humour magazine written by and for Midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy, featured a series of comics entitled "The Bohica Brothers", dating back to the early 1970s.[citation needed]

FAFO

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FAFO stands for Fuck/Fool Around and Find Out, meaning to do something (usually ill advised or stupid) and discover the consequences of that action, in some cases involving serious injury or even fatality.

FUBAR

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"FUBAR" redirects here. Not to be confused with Foobar. For other uses, see FUBAR (disambiguation).

FUBAR (Fucked/Fouled Up Beyond All/Any Repair/Recognition/Reason), like SNAFU and SUSFU, dates from World War II. The Oxford English Dictionary lists Yank, the Army Weekly magazine (1944, 7 Jan. p. 8) as its earliest citation: "The FUBAR squadron. ‥ FUBAR? It means 'Fouled Up Beyond All Recognition,"[1] referring to unpaid military personnel with erroneous paperwork.

CHIPS

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Main article: FIBUA

CHIPS (Causing Havoc In Peoples Streets) is a slang term used by the British Army in urban warfare operations, usually in conjunction with FISH (Fighting In Someone's House) as in Fish & Chips.

FUBU

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Not to be confused with FUBU.

FUBU (Fucked/Fouled Up Beyond all Understanding) was also used during World War II.[citation needed]

FRED

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Main article: Field Ration Eating Device

FRED (Fucking Ridiculous Eating Device) is a slang term in the Australian Army used to refer to the Field Ration Eating Device attached to each ration pack.[2][3]

SNAFU

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Main article: SNAFU

SNAFU is widely used to stand for the sarcastic expression Situation Normal: All Fucked Up, as a well-known example of military acronym slang. However, the military acronym originally stood for "Status Nominal: All Fucked Up." It is sometimes bowdlerized to all fouled up or similar.[4] It means that the situation is bad, but that this is a normal state of affairs. It is typically used in a joking manner to describe something that is working as intended, but doesn't necessarily work well when used for its intended purpose. The acronym is believed to have originated in the United States Marine Corps during World War II.[citation needed]

Time magazine used the term in their June 16, 1942, issue: "Last week U.S. citizens knew that gasoline rationing and rubber requisitioning were snafu."[5] Most reference works, including the Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, supply an origin date of 1940–1944, generally attributing it to the United States Army.[citation needed]

Rick Atkinson ascribes the origin of SNAFU, FUBAR, and a bevy of other terms to cynical G.I.s ridiculing the Army's penchant for acronyms.[6]

Private Snafu is the title character of a series of military instructional films, most of which were written by Theodor "Dr. Seuss" Geisel, Philip D. Eastman, and Munro Leaf.[7]

In modern usage, snafu is sometimes used as an interjection, although it is mostly now used as a noun. Snafu also sometimes refers to a bad situation, mistake, or cause of the trouble. It is more commonly used in modern vernacular to describe running into an error or problem that is large and unexpected. For example, in 2005, The New York Times published an article titled "Hospital Staff Cutback Blamed for Test Result Snafu".[8]

The attribution of SNAFU to the American military is not universally accepted: it has also been attributed to the British,[9] although the Oxford English Dictionary gives its origin and first recorded use as the U.S. military.[5]

In 1946, as part of a wider study of military slang, Frederick Elkin noted: "...[there] are a few acceptable substitutes, such as 'screw up' or 'mess up', but these do not have the emphasis value of the obscene equivalent." He considered the expression SNAFU to be: "...a caricature of Army direction. The soldier resignedly accepts his own less responsible position and expresses his cynicism at the inefficiency of Army authority." He also noted that "the expression … is coming into general civilian use."[10]

An Imperial FU

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An Imperial FU (An Imperial Fuck Up) was used during World War I by soldiers of the outlying British Empire in reference to odd/conflicting orders from British authorities. Note that during World War I, the British Empire had an Imperial War Cabinet, and the troops from Australia were called the Australian Imperial Force (AIF), not to be confused with the AEF, the American Expeditionary Forces of WWI, or the Allied Expeditionary Force of WWII.[citation needed]

SUSFU

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See also: SNAFU § SUSFU

SUSFU (Situation Unchanged: Still Fucked Up) is closely related to SNAFU.

SNAFU and SUSFU were first recorded in American Notes and Queries in their September 13, 1941, issue.[5]

TARFU

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TARFU (Totally And Royally Fucked Up or Things Are Really Fucked Up) was also used during World War II.[citation needed]

The 1944 U.S. Army animated shorts Three Brothers and Private Snafu Presents Seaman Tarfu In The Navy (both directed by Friz Freleng), feature the characters Private Snafu, Private Fubar, and Seaman Tarfu (with a cameo by Bugs Bunny).[11][12]

Tommy and the Poor Bloody Infantry

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Tommy Atkins (often just Tommy) is slang for a common soldier in the British Army, but many soldiers preferred the terms PBI (poor bloody infantry)[13] "P.B.I." was a pseudonym of a contributor to the First World War trench magazine The Wipers Times.

See also

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References

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Further reading

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

List of military slang terms

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Military slang terms encompass a collection of informal expressions, acronyms, abbreviations, and phrases that originate within armed forces communities, reflecting the unique experiences, equipment, and culture of military life. These terms facilitate rapid communication, inject humor into high-stress environments, and strengthen bonds among personnel by creating an insider language distinct from formal . Often evolving from official terminology or borrowed from civilian contexts, military slang varies by of service, , conflict , and operational theater, with many examples entering broader civilian vocabulary over time. The development of military slang traces back through centuries of warfare, but it proliferated significantly during the 20th century with global conflicts like World War I and II, where radio communications and mass mobilization accelerated the creation of shorthand phrases. For instance, terms such as "SNAFU" (situation normal, all fouled up) and "FUBAR" (fouled up beyond all recognition) emerged from World War II to describe chaotic or disastrous scenarios, highlighting slang's role as a coping mechanism amid adversity. Post-war eras, including the Vietnam War and modern operations, continued this tradition, with branch-specific jargon like the Army's "Hooah" for affirmation or the Navy's "shack" for a precise bomb hit, illustrating how slang adapts to technological and cultural shifts within the military. Notable aspects of military slang include its brevity for operational efficiency—such as "I've got your six" meaning protection from behind—and its potential to carry sensitive or irreverent connotations that outsiders might misinterpret. While some terms remain confined to service members, others like "boondocks" (from Tagalog for remote areas, popularized in the during early 20th-century U.S. operations) have permeated everyday English, demonstrating slang's influence on language evolution. This list compiles prominent examples across English-speaking militaries, primarily focusing on U.S. forces, to document their origins and usage without endorsing informality in official contexts.

Acronym and Backronym Slang

World War II Era Acronyms

During , military personnel across Allied forces developed a series of acronym-based slang terms to cope with the chaos, bureaucracy, and frequent mishaps of wartime operations. These expressions, often laced with dark humor, emerged amid the stresses of global conflict, particularly in the US Army Air Forces where logistical and training errors were commonplace, as depicted in cartoons like the series produced for the US military. British Tommy slang, used by enlisted infantrymen, similarly adapted American imports to reflect persistent frontline disorders, highlighting the shared frustrations of coalition warfare. These acronyms encapsulated routine incompetence and escalating disarray, originating in the early 1940s and spreading rapidly through informal communications. One of the most enduring terms is SNAFU, standing for "Situation Normal, All Fucked Up," coined in the US military during the early 1940s to describe the everyday bungling and inefficiencies that characterized military life, such as supply shortages or procedural errors. It gained prominence in the US Army Air Forces through animated training films, where the character exemplified how individual lapses led to operational failures, underscoring the term's role in acknowledging systemic flaws without undermining morale. The phrase's sanitized variant, "All Fouled Up," appeared in official contexts to maintain decorum, but its profane original reflected the raw candor of troops under pressure. FUBAR, or "Fucked Up Beyond All Recognition," emerged as a military term during to denote situations or equipment irreparably damaged by combat or negligence, such as bombed-out airfields or failed missions that defied recovery. Popularized among ground and air crews, it captured the hopelessness of scenarios where standard fixes proved futile, often in the context of rapid Allied advances that outpaced logistics. A milder form, "Fouled Up Beyond All Recognition," was noted in wartime dispatches, emphasizing the acronym's evolution from battlefield vernacular to a broader critique of wartime entropy. A variant, TARFU—"Things Are Really Fucked Up"—arose in forces during as an escalation of SNAFU and FUBAR, applied to worsening disorders like coordinated command breakdowns in airborne operations. It was invoked in troop carrier units during campaigns from to the , where sequential errors compounded into total disorganization, serving as gallows humor to vent frustrations over escalating chaos. British forces adapted similar phrasing with SUSFU, meaning "Situation Unchanged, Still Fucked Up," a term emphasizing the stubborn persistence of issues like entrenched supply problems or unchanging conditions faced by Tommy infantrymen. This variant highlighted the monotony of unresolved wartime stresses, differing from American usages by focusing on stagnation rather than acute , and was recorded in Allied communications as early as 1941. These WWII-era acronyms later influenced post-war slang, such as BOHICA, by extending themes of inevitable adversity into peacetime bureaucracy.

Post-WWII and Modern Acronyms

Post-World War II military acronym slang evolved from earlier wartime expressions, building on foundational terms like SNAFU (Situation Normal: All Fucked Up) to capture ongoing bureaucratic and operational frustrations in conflicts such as the Vietnam War and beyond. These acronyms often reflect the administrative burdens, technological challenges, and interpersonal tensions in modern militaries, particularly in the U.S. armed forces during the Cold War and Gulf Wars eras. They emphasize resilience amid repetitive duties, unreliable equipment, and perceptions of detachment from frontline realities. BOHICA, standing for "Bend Over, Here It Comes Again," originated during the to describe the inevitability of additional unwelcome tasks, such as surprise inspections or extra administrative duties. This acronym gained traction during a period of increased training and readiness demands, highlighting soldiers' wry acceptance of recurring hardships without direct involvement. A Vietnam-era staple, REMF abbreviates "Rear Echelon Mother Fucker," a derogatory label for non-combat support personnel seen as disconnected from frontline dangers. This term fostered division between troops and rear-area staff, persisting in later conflicts to express resentment toward those perceived as safe from direct threats. During the , acronyms like FIGMO—"Finally I Got My Orders" (also interpreted as "Fuck It, Got My Orders")—captured relief upon receiving transfer orders from undesirable assignments, such as prolonged jungle postings. Short-timers often marked calendars with FIGMO charts to countdown exits, symbolizing escape from prolonged deployments and administrative grind.

Personnel and Rank Slang

Terms for Enlisted and Infantry

Military slang for enlisted personnel and often reflects the grueling, frontline nature of their roles, emphasizing endurance, expendability, and camaraderie among lower-ranking who bear the brunt of combat operations. These terms emerged across different eras and branches, capturing stereotypes of the "common " as tough, mud-caked fighters far removed from administrative or support duties. Such nicknames highlight the divide between those in direct contact with the and others in safer positions, fostering a sense of pride within units while underscoring the physical and psychological toll of their service. Grunt is a longstanding U.S. term for an , particularly in the and , originating during the to describe the low-ranking foot troops who performed the most hazardous patrols and assaults. The word evokes the guttural sounds of exertion made by heavily laden soldiers trudging through dense , while also implying their perceived status as interchangeable, tough-but-expendable warriors who faced the highest casualty rates. This slang has persisted into modern conflicts, symbolizing the infantry's raw, unpolished resilience in contrast to more specialized roles. In British military tradition, Tommy or serves as an affectionate yet poignant nickname for the ordinary infantryman, dating back to the but gaining iconic status during as a symbol of the enlisted ranks enduring trench warfare's miseries. The term arose from the use of "Thomas Atkins" as a on sample recruitment and pay forms issued by the British around 1815, evolving into a generic stand-in for the common private soldier by the time of the . By the Great War, "Tommy" embodied the "Poor Bloody Infantry," representing the stoic, working-class lads who suffered appalling hardships in the mud of , often romanticized in literature and memorials as the everyman hero of the British Expeditionary Force. Dogface emerged as a World War II-era slang for enlisted , particularly those in the European and Pacific theaters, capturing their dogged persistence through mud, rain, and relentless marches. The term likely originated in the pre-war around , drawing from the image of ' dirt-streaked, unshaven faces resembling those of hunting dogs after long pursuits, and it underscored the 's role as the relentless "face" of ground combat. Popularized in unit songs like the 3rd Division's , "Dogface ," it highlighted the unglamorous, animal-like tenacity required of foot who advanced on enemy lines without mechanized support. Jarhead is a specific to U.S. , referring to enlisted personnel across ranks but especially , with roots in the era. It primarily derives from the high collar of the Marine dress blue uniforms, which made the head appear as if emerging from a , though it is also associated with the "high-and-tight" haircut—short on the sides and squared flat on top—that resembles the lid of a , a style enforced during boot camp and early service to promote uniformity and discipline. Though sometimes used derogatorily by other branches, have embraced "jarhead" as a badge of pride, evoking the ' reputation for tough, no-nonsense frontline fighters in amphibious assaults and expeditionary operations. POG, short for "Person Other than Grunt," is a modern U.S. used by to distinguish non-combat enlisted roles from frontline troops, gaining traction in the post-Vietnam era and especially during Operations Desert Storm and Enduring . While the underlying word "" traces to Civil War-era slang from the Gaelic "póg" meaning "kiss," implying effeminate or rear-area sailors, the POG specifically contrasts support personnel—like clerks or mechanics—with grunts, often carrying a tone of resentment toward those seen as avoiding the infantry's dangers. This term reinforces the enlisted infantry's self-image as the 's elite risk-takers, much like how Vietnam-era slang such as REMF labeled rear-echelon support in one brief, dismissive phrase.

Terms for Officers and Support Roles

Military slang terms for officers and support roles frequently carry a derogatory tone, underscoring the perceived detachment of from frontline hardships and highlighting tensions within the military hierarchy, in contrast to terms like "grunt" for enlisted . These expressions emerged across various eras, often critiquing careerism, rapid promotions, or administrative duties over combat experience. The term brass refers to high-ranking officers, derived from the gold or brass insignia on their uniforms and hats, a usage that became widespread during to denote detached leadership. By the interwar period and into subsequent conflicts, "brass" or "top brass" universally signified senior commanders seen as insulated from troop realities, a connotation persisting in modern forces. Ticket-puncher is a U.S. military slang term, originating in the era, for career officers who prioritize accumulating qualifications and assignments for promotions over genuine duty or effectiveness. This label implies a mechanistic approach to advancement, akin to punching tickets on a routine journey, and reflects critiques of bureaucratic ambition in officer corps during prolonged peacetime tensions. During the , described (NCOs) who underwent the U.S. Army's accelerated Noncommissioned Officer Candidate Course (NCOC), a 12-week program at Fort Benning that fast-tracked enlisted personnel to roles to meet wartime demands. The term, evoking instant preparation like boxed biscuit mix, implied superficial authority and lack of field seasoning, leading to resentment among traditional NCOs who viewed these "shake and bakes" as hastily elevated figures mimicking officers without earned respect. Lifers denotes long-term , including officers, who commit to full careers, a term gaining prominence post-World War II amid the shift to a professional, all-volunteer force structure. It conveys institutional loyalty but often carries a derogatory edge, suggesting rigid adherence to military culture at the expense of adaptability or empathy for short-term servicemembers. Other examples include chairborne, a modern slang for desk-bound staff officers or support personnel, particularly in the , who handle administrative roles far from zones, parodying "airborne" elite status with sedentary connotations. This term critiques the perceived safety and irrelevance of rear-echelon positions in contemporary forces.

Equipment and Operations Slang

Vehicle and Weapon Nicknames

Military personnel often assign informal nicknames to vehicles and weapons, reflecting their functionality, appearance, or perceived shortcomings in design and reliability. These terms can be affectionate, ironic, or critical, emerging from the shared experiences of service members during operations. Such slang helps build camaraderie while highlighting the practical realities of using equipment in demanding environments. The High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), introduced by the U.S. military in the 1980s, quickly earned the nickname "" or "" among troops, derived from the pronunciation of its acronym. This versatile light became iconic for its role in transporting personnel and cargo across rough terrain, though soldiers sometimes used "" early in its deployment to evoke its robust, jeep-like predecessor. The UH-60 Black Hawk utility helicopter, entering U.S. Army service in 1979, draws its name from a Native American war leader, continuing a tradition of honoring indigenous figures in military aviation nomenclature that traces back to Vietnam-era aircraft like the UH-1 Huey. The (MRE), fielded by the U.S. military starting in the early 1980s, acquired the derogatory "Meals Rejected by Ethiopians" due to the poor taste and texture of initial formulations. Despite improvements over time, this slang persisted among soldiers to highlight the rations' role as a basic, shelf-stable sustenance rather than a option during extended deployments. In , German submariners nicknamed their "iron coffins" to reflect the vessels' cramped, hazardous conditions and high risk of sinking, a term popularized in postwar accounts by survivors like U-boat commander Herbert A. Werner.

and Terms

encompassing and often reflects the unpredictability and drudgery of operations, where terms emerge to describe disarray, commendations, routine duties, and the informal exchange of among service members. These expressions highlight the shared experiences of coordination failures, challenges, and the morale-building rituals that sustain units under stress. Originating from various eras and branches, such provides a shorthand for the realities of deployment, evolving through conflicts to capture both the frustration and resilience of military life. The term "clusterfuck" denotes a chaotic situation resulting from poor coordination or multiple errors compounding into disaster, frequently used to describe botched operations or logistical snarls. It gained prominence during the , where it described disorganized missions or ambushes gone awry. "Bravo Zulu," abbreviated as BZ, serves as a commendation meaning "well done," primarily in naval and contexts to acknowledge successful maneuvers, repairs, or missions. Derived from the Allied Naval Signal Book (ACP 175 series), it represents the phonetic flags for B (Bravo) and Z (Zulu) used in international signaling, adopted post-World War II for standardized communication across forces and beyond. KP, short for "kitchen police" or "kitchen patrol," refers to the menial duty of assisting in mess halls, including peeling potatoes, cleaning, and serving food, often assigned as or routine labor to enlisted personnel. This universal term has roots in early 20th-century military practices, first recorded in as a way to organize support for cooks amid the demands of large-scale feeding operations, and persisted through subsequent conflicts as a . "Scuttlebutt" describes the rumor mill or gossip network within units, particularly , where unfounded stories about promotions, deployments, or enemy movements circulate freely. The term originates from nautical tradition, referring to the cask (butt) with a scuttle hole for dispensing on ships, around which sailors gathered to chat during idle times; by , it had solidified as slang for informal intelligence or hearsay in military settings. In modern operations, phrases like "embrace the suck" encapsulate the mindset of accepting and persevering through unavoidable hardships, such as extreme weather, equipment shortages, or prolonged patrols. Coined by U.S. troops during the and wars, it promotes in the face of discomfort, often invoked during grueling logistics convoys or combat patrols to foster .

Branch and Era-Specific Slang

United States Branch Variants

Military slang within the United States armed forces often reflects inter-service rivalries, with each branch developing unique terms to describe its personnel, highlighting perceived differences in roles, environments, and cultures. These variants underscore the specialized jargon that emerges from branch-specific experiences, such as naval sea duty or aerial operations, while occasionally overlapping with broader enlisted terminology for ground forces. In the U.S. Navy, "squid" serves as a for sailors, originating from the association of their uniforms and sea-based duties with the appearance and habitat of squids, evoking images of spineless, aquatic creatures. This term gained traction during as a mocking reference to the rigors of naval service, used by other branches to tease sailors about their water-bound lifestyle. It persists today as a lighthearted jab emphasizing the Navy's maritime focus. For the U.S. , "zoomie" denotes a member, particularly aviators or graduates of the Academy, derived from the high-speed, zooming nature of operations. Emerging post-World War II with the rise of modern air power, the term captures the branch's emphasis on and rapid aerial maneuvers, often used affectionately within the service or derisively by others to highlight perceived in air roles. The U.S. Marine Corps embraces "leatherneck" as an enduring moniker for its members, stemming from the leather stock or collar worn as part of the from 1798 to to protect against saber slashes and maintain posture. This 19th-century feature evolved into a symbol of toughness and discipline, remaining a proud self-identifier in modern times despite its historical roots in early uniform design. Among U.S. Army personnel, "dog" functions as a variant of "dogface," a term for soldiers evoking their rugged, dogged endurance in harsh conditions like filth, cold, and constant vigilance. Popularized during and continuing into the era for ground pounders facing intense combat patrols, it overlaps with general enlisted slang but specifically denotes Army foot soldiers' gritty role. Additional examples illustrate these rivalries, such as "Chair Force," a teasing label for Air Force members focused on desk jobs, technical training, and sedentary operations like remote piloting, contrasting with more physically demanding branches. In the Navy, "bubblehead" targets submariners, referencing the bubbles from submarine operations or escape gear, underscoring the isolated, high-pressure world of underwater service.

British and Commonwealth Terms

British and Commonwealth military slang draws from a shared imperial legacy, encompassing the experiences of forces from the , , , , and other nations during conflicts from the World Wars to contemporary operations. These terms often capture the grit of frontline service, the humor in adversity, and cultural nuances shaped by colonial campaigns and alliances. Unlike more acronym-heavy American variants, Commonwealth slang frequently employs vivid, descriptive phrasing rooted in , with regional flavors emerging in Australian "dinkum" expressions or Canadian adaptations of field life. "Poor Bloody Infantry" (PBI), a World War I-era British term, refers to the beleaguered foot soldiers who endured the harshest conditions of , contrasting sharply with the more comfortable "brass" or officers removed from direct . The phrase underscores the 's sacrificial role, evoking the mud, disease, and casualties of battles like the Somme, where PBI symbolized the ordinary soldier's plight in imperial armies. "Ack-Ack," originating in British usage, derives from the phonetic alphabet for "AA" (anti-aircraft), referring to anti-aircraft fire. Adopted widely in forces, it persisted into for describing flak and searchlight defenses against air raids, reflecting the rapid evolution of aerial threats in imperial conflicts. "Squaddie," a post- slang for a private or junior enlisted , denotes the rank-and-file in everyday life and operations. Derived possibly from "" or earlier "swaddy" (from Indian service pay), it conveys a sense of the ordinary serviceman's routine, from drill to deployments, and remains current in modern British forces. In Australian forces, "Digger" emerged during as a for soldiers, stemming from their proficiency in digging at Gallipoli and the Western Front, where Anzac troops excavated extensive networks under fire. The term, predating the war in contexts but militarized in 1915, embodies the resourceful, egalitarian spirit of Australian and troops, enduring as a proud self-identifier in militaries. Shared acronyms such as SUSFU ("Situation Unchanged, Still Fouled Up"), a expression for persistent bureaucratic chaos, bridged and U.S. forces in joint operations.

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  55. https://usmcmuseum.com/uploads/6/0/3/6/60364049/leatherneck.pdf
  56. https://sofrep.com/news/nothing-can-stop-the-us-chair-force/
  57. https://www.wearethemighty.com/lists/19-terms-sailors-will-understand/
  58. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA264870.pdf
  59. https://www.benning.army.mil/armor/eARMOR/content/issues/2004/JAN_FEB/ArmorJanuaryFebruary2004web.pdf
  60. https://www.oed.com/discover/the-language-of-world-war-1/
  61. https://www.bugbrookelink.co.uk/WW1/Articles/Battlefield_Colloqualisms.pdf
  62. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/squaddie
  63. https://www.theworldwar.org/exhibitions/diggers-and-doughboys-art-allies-100-years
  64. https://theforge.defence.gov.au/article/clash-cultures-digger-legend-first-australian-imperial-force
  65. https://bootcampmilitaryfitnessinstitute.com/2023/05/04/what-is-military-slang/
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