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KIKU (channel 20) is an independent television station in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, which primarily airs Japanese and Filipino programming. It is owned by Allen Media Group alongside ABC affiliate KITV (channel 4). The two stations share studios on South King Street in downtown Honolulu; KIKU's transmitter is located in Nānākuli.
Key Information
Channel 20 in Honolulu went on air in December 1983 as KHAI-TV. Though built and originally owned by Tennessee-based Media Central, it has specialized in Asian programming for nearly its entire history. International Channel Network acquired KHAI-TV in 1989 as part of Media Central's bankruptcy. JN Productions took over operations in 1993 and changed the station's call sign to KIKU; its owner, Joanne Ninomiya, had been the general manager of channel 13 when that station was Japanese-language KIKU-TV. JN continued to supply Japanese-language programming for KIKU until 2004. UPN programming aired on channel 20 from 2004 to the network's closure in 2006. In addition, the station produced local programming, some of which was aimed at the Vietnamese and Filipino communities in Hawaii.
After passing through a number of owners including AsianMedia Group and NRJ TV, WRNN-TV Associates acquired the station in 2019. As part of a group affiliation agreement, KIKU converted to the home shopping network ShopHQ in June 2021, a switch met with outcry and dismay by Hawaii viewers. Allen Media Group acquired KIKU in 2022 and immediately restored its prior program format, augmented by English-language syndicated programs and local newscasts from KITV.
KIKU on channel 13
[edit]The call sign KIKU first was associated with Japanese-language television in Honolulu in 1967, when Richard Eaton bought KTRG-TV (channel 13) from David Watumull and renamed it KIKU-TV (kiku (キク(菊)) being the Japanese word for the chrysanthemum flower[3]).[4][5] His announced plans to make channel 13 a primarily Japanese-language station had led to scrutiny of the transaction by the Federal Communications Commission; during this time, the station's intended general manager programmed two hours a week of Japanese-language shows.[6]: 77 By 1967, the station programmed entirely in Japanese.[3]
In 1968, it began nightly telecasts of sumo wrestling.[7] The station introduced English-language subtitles on its Japanese-language programs in 1970, which proved popular and expanded to having half of all programs subtitled by 1975.[3] Another channel 13 specialty was children's programming; it aired such tokusatsu programs as Kamen Rider, Rainbowman, and Android Kikaider (known in Hawaii as Kikaida).[3][8] The success of the latter was particularly noteworthy; the show beat Sesame Street in the ratings, and it was noted in an article in Time magazine.[9] A station employee, Hideo Fujii, recalled that "older people in the Nikkei community would sit up straight in bed and weep" watching KIKU's programs.[10]
In 1979, KIKU-TV was sold by Eaton to Mid-Pacific Television Associates.[11][12] The new ownership proposed to reduce the proportion of Japanese-language programming at the station. This prompted general manager Joanne Ninomiya, who had run channel 13 since 1969,[13] to depart in January 1981; she then started her own company, JN Productions, to broadcast Japanese-language shows on cable.[14] The new KIKU-TV ownership instituted a mostly English-language program lineup in June 1981.[15]
Under new general manager Rick Blangiardi, in 1984, KIKU-TV changed its call sign to KHNL.[16] Ninomiya renewed her association with KHNL beginning in 1986, providing six hours of Japanese programs on Sundays as well as a daily newscast from Japan and subtitled sumo broadcasts.[17][18]
History
[edit]Construction
[edit]In late 1978, a group of investors known as Sunset Communications Corporation was formed to file for channel 20. Sunset shared investors with Delta Television, a subsidiary of advertising firm Petry Television that had put WPTY-TV in Memphis, Tennessee, on air earlier that year. For one of the principals, John A. Serrao, it was a return to Hawaii, as he had been general manager of KHVH-TV (channel 4) in the early 1960s when it was owned by Kaiser Broadcasting.[19] The channel 20 construction permit was granted on August 12, 1980.[20]
The group sold the permit to Media Central of Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1982; under Media Central, the station began broadcasting as KHAI-TV on December 30, 1983, with Japanese-language programming from the Tokyo Broadcasting System.[21] It was the fifth station Media Central built during 1983.[22] In addition to Japanese-language programming, the station added Filipino programming in 1986 and shows in Korean in March 1989.[23] However, its broadcast day was limited. In 1986, the station switched from signing on at noon to beginning at 4 p.m. because Oceanic Cable, the dominant cable provider on Oahu, placed it on the same channel as The Discovery Channel.[24]
ICN/AsianMedia ownership
[edit]In 1987, Media Central filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[22] KHAI was sold for $1.75 million to International Channel Network (ICN), which owned Los Angeles multicultural station KSCI, in 1989.[23] ICN moved the station to new studios on Sand Island Access Road in 1991, built a new transmitter, and expanded its weekly broadcasting by 28 hours; more than half of the new airtime featured programming in Chinese.[25]
ICN brokered the station's airtime to JN Productions, the programming and subtitling company owned by Joanne Ninomiya, in 1993; JN began handling sales and programming duties. The first move made with the change in management was the consolidation of the cable programming from JN Productions as well as KHNL's Japanese-language shows onto channel 20's schedule.[26] Ninomiya also changed the station's call sign to KIKU.[27][28]
KSCI and KIKU were sold in 2000 to a consortium of The Korea Times and private equity firm Leonard Green & Partners, known as AsianMedia Group.[29] In 2004, JN Productions ceased providing programming functions for the station, though it continued to supply KIKU with subtitles for its Japanese-language programming; the station brought programming operations in-house.[30] In 2007, Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs honored Ninomiya with the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays for contributing to "introducing Japanese culture and promoting friendship between Japan and the United States".[31]
KIKU was the last of four stations to air UPN programming in Hawaii when it began airing the network's programs on November 1, 2004. UPN programs were usually broadcast in the late afternoon, leaving Japanese-language shows in prime time.[32] The original UPN affiliate had been KFVE; when it dropped UPN to emphasize The WB, KHON-TV and KGMB then split UPN programming.[32] KIKU was the only Honolulu station that could provide a two-hour block to air UPN prime time programming.[33] When The WB and UPN merged to form The CW in 2006, KIKU passed on the offering because The CW wanted prime time clearance for its programming.[34] In addition to shows it purchased, KIKU produced local programming. This included short-form segments such as The Wisdom of Hawai‘i's Elders, Japanese Word of the Day, and Itadakimasu.[35] Its output also included a local show in Vietnamese and another in English aimed at the Filipino community.[36] For a time, it aired anime syndicated by the Funimation Channel, making it the service's first non-cable affiliate; KIKU broadcast dubbed versions of select shows every weekday from 6 to 7 p.m. and 10 to 11 p.m.[37]
KIKU discontinued analog broadcasting on January 15, 2009, the date on which full-power television stations in Hawaii transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts. The transition in Hawaii had been brought forward from the original February 17 national switch date—itself later delayed to June—because of concern that the dismantling of existing transmitter towers atop Haleakalā on Maui would affect the mating season of the endangered Hawaiian petrel, which begins in February.[38] KIKU continued to broadcast on its pre-transition channel 19, using virtual channel 20.[39]
In January 2012, AsianMedia Group filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection; the station, along with KSCI in Los Angeles and its San Diego repeater KUAN-LP, was sold to NRJ TV (a company unrelated to European broadcaster NRJ Radio) for $45 million in March 2012, in a transaction that included the assumption of AsianMedia Group's debt.[40][41]
Sale to WRNN-TV Associates; home shopping programming
[edit]Disappointment, disbelief, indignation. No more Red and White Song Festival at New Year's? No Abarenbo Shogun revivals or cute commercials for Gyotaku restaurants? In favor of another 24-hour shopping network?!
On December 9, 2019, WRNN-TV Associates announced it would purchase NRJ's TV stations;[43] the acquisition received FCC approval in January 2020 and was completed the next month.[44][45] WRNN-TV Associates continued the Asian format until announcing in May 2021 that it would affiliate all of the stations it owned with ShopHQ, a home shopping network, on June 28. For ShopHQ, this deal brought high-definition cable and satellite carriage on TV stations reaching more than 20 million homes in the major markets of New York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Dallas–Fort Worth, San Francisco, Houston, Washington, and Boston.[46] The deal included KIKU; eight days later, the station announced that "The Rumor Is True" and that ShopHQ would displace all of KIKU's existing programming.[47] It also meant the closure of the KIKU studio in the Pacific Guardian Center, in part because ShopHQ programming did not include local advertising.[48]
The change led to considerable outcry, including among older viewers that had watched the station for decades and were not necessarily fluent in English.[49] Station manager Phyllis Kihara told Pacific Business News, "We've been getting calls and emails and texts all day. When you look at Facebook, the messages people are leaving, we're really sorry we're going to lose this and I think that's what the people of Hawaii feel like, too."[48] Kihara went as far as to provide aggrieved viewers her direct contact information.[42] Observers, including Ninomiya, noted that running a Japanese-language TV station carried with it significant costs for licensing programs and additional expenses and needed personnel skills to translate and subtitle them.[35][49] While a variety of sources for Japanese- and Filipino-language programming, such as Nippon Golden Network, continued to be available, these were all pay services to which viewers may not have necessarily been able to subscribe.[49] In advance of the change in format, KIKU scheduled episodes in such a way as to complete series, airing some shows twice a week or more.[48]
Sale to Allen Media Group
[edit]Only three months after the change to ShopHQ, on September 27, 2021, it was announced that KIKU would be sold to Allen Media Broadcasting, owner of KITV, for $4,000,000.[1] The sale was completed on January 31, 2022.[50]
Allen immediately moved to restore much of the prior programming and format to KIKU. On January 31, KIKU returned to airing Japanese and Filipino programming, as well as local newscasts from KITV. It also added Entertainment Studios and other syndicated content to fill the schedule out further.[51][52] The general manager of KITV said that KIKU's new schedule would include about 75 percent of the programs the station had been airing prior to switching to ShopHQ,[53] including some subtitled shows.[54]
On June 1, 2025, amid financial woes and rising debt, Allen Media Group announced that it would explore "strategic options" for the company, such as a sale of its television stations (including KIKU and KITV).[55][56]
Subchannels
[edit]KIKU's transmitter is located in Nānākuli.[2] The station's signal is multiplexed:
| Channel | Res. | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20.1 | 720p | 16:9 | KIKU | Multicultural Independent |
| 20.2 | 480i | 4:3 | MeToons | MeTV Toons |
| 20.3 | LAFF | Laff | ||
| 20.5 | JTV | Jewelry TV | ||
| 9.2 | 480i | 16:9 | Rewind | Rewind TV (KHII-TV) |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b "Assignments". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission. September 27, 2021. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ^ a b "Facility Technical Data for KIKU". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission.
- ^ a b c d Little, John (November 2, 1975). "a Little insight: KIKU-TV". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. Aloha TV 3. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "50% of KTRG-TV's programs to be Japanese, new owner says". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. October 5, 1967. p. D-1. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Darr, Bert (October 8, 1967). "Ex-Newspaperman: New Island TV Owner". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. TV-Aloha 1. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Donahue, Thomas (July 21, 1967). "Initial Decision (10 FCC 2d 59)". Federal Communications Commission Reports. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved July 10, 2023.
- ^ Darr, Bert (May 12, 1968). "Title TV Matches: KIKU Starts Sumo Bouts". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. Aloha TV 1. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Horton, Karen (January 5, 1975). "Kikaider sweeps the Islands". The Honolulu Advertiser. pp. A3, A6. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Clockwork Sushi". Time. Vol. 105, no. 18. May 5, 1975. EBSCOhost 53514916.
- ^ Matsunaga, Tomoko (April 2015). "複合文化社会・ハワイの日本語テレビ --テレビ雑誌『Kokiku』に着目して--" [<Research notes> Hawaii's Japanese TV Programs in a Multicultural Society: Focusing on the Hawaii TV Magazine 'Kokiku']. Kyoto Journal of Media History (in Japanese). 1: 217–237. doi:10.14989/KJMH_1_217. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- ^ "KIKU-TV Is Bought by Local Investors". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. June 20, 1979. p. B-7. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "FCC Okays Sale of Channel 13". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. December 17, 1979. p. 2. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Ong, Vickie (July 9, 1971). "TV job is 'global' operation". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. D-2. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Japanese shows to be broadcast on cable television". The Honolulu Advertiser. August 18, 1981. p. A-7. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "New KIKU format mostly in English". The Honolulu Advertiser. June 18, 1981. pp. C-5, C-6. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Carroll, Rick (May 28, 1984). "Ex-coach calls for razzle-dazzle at Channel 13". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. B-2. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Carvalho, Paul (May 13, 1988). "TV subtitles reflect popularity of sumo: Joanne Ninomiya's subtitles help local viewers understand a foreign sport". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. D1, D4. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Jacinto, Nelson (August 3, 1989). "Ninomiya's the best in isle TV". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. A-3. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "To Be on Air in 1980: Group Plans Isle UHF TV Station". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. December 15, 1978. p. B-11. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "FCC History Cards for KIKU". Federal Communications Commission. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ "KHAI-TV Channel 20". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. December 25, 1983. p. TV Week 15. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "Media Central files for bankruptcy" (PDF). Broadcasting. July 13, 1987. pp. 26–27. ProQuest 1016931866. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ a b "L.A. station buying KHAI". The Honolulu Advertiser. July 18, 1989. p. D-3. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Conrad, Dianne (July 24, 1986). "UHF Station KHAI to Change Broadcasting Hours". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. B-2. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "KHAI-TV plans new facilities, more programs: It will move into a new studio and broadcast 28 hours more each week". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. July 17, 1991. p. D-1. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Lynch, Russ (July 6, 1993). "JN Productions to run KHAI-TV: Japanese language shows will run on just 1 channel". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. D-1. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Donnelly, Dave (September 2, 1993). "Color architects glad to be working on House of Blues". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. E-8. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "KHAI-TV is renamed KIKU". The Honolulu Advertiser. September 4, 1993. p. B2. Archived from the original on September 7, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Lynch, Russ (October 12, 2000). "KIKU to join major Asian media group". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. B-1, B-4. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Engle, Erika (January 29, 2004). "KIKU, JN Productions partnership to downsize". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. C1, C5. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "2007 Autumn Conferment of Decorations on Foreign Nationals" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. November 8, 2007. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 7, 2011. Retrieved September 22, 2009.
- ^ a b Harada, Wayne (October 28, 2004). "KIKU-TV to pick up UPN programs". The Honolulu Advertiser. pp. E1, E5. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Schneider, Michael (November 14, 2004). "Affiliates match up odd couples: Nets improvise to edge into a market". Variety. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ Chun, Gary C.W. (September 4, 2006). "Seasonal transition: Fans of "Gilmore Girls" hope it lands a local channel before the season begins". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. D1, D5. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b Kawamoto, Kevin Y. (July 16, 2021). "Japanese Language Media in Hawai'i: A Labor of Love and Devotion". The Hawai‘i Herald. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- ^ Romano, Allison (October 7, 2005). "Asian-American Market Is Ready". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ Yadao, Jason S. (September 25, 2006). "KIKU airs 4 anime series". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. D9. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Bailey, Chris (December 11, 2008). "Digital TV in Hawaii comes early for endangered bird". Hawaiʻi Magazine. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ "DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds" (PDF). Federal Communications Commission. May 23, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2013. Retrieved August 29, 2021.
- ^ Seyler, Dave (April 2, 2012). "Three more stations going to NRJ TV". Television Business Report. Archived from the original on April 6, 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2012.
- ^ "NRJ TV Paying $45 Million for LA Independent". TVNewsCheck. April 2, 2012. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved April 2, 2012.
- ^ a b Collins, Kathy (June 2, 2021). "Sharing Mana'o". The Maui News. Archived from the original on June 20, 2021. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- ^ "RNN Reaches Agreement to Increase Permanent Distribution Platform to 28 Percent of the US With NRJ Purchase". Globe Newswire (Press release). December 9, 2019. Archived from the original on December 10, 2019. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
- ^ "Application Search Details". Consolidated Database System. Federal Communications Commission. Archived from the original on May 13, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
- ^ "Consummation Notice". Consolidated Database System. Federal Communications Commission. Archived from the original on August 13, 2021. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
- ^ iMedia Brands LLC (May 20, 2021). "iMedia's ShopHQ Set to Launch in 20+ Million High-Definition Homes in Top U.S. Markets" (Press release) – via Globe Newswire.
- ^ "The Rumor is True". KIKU-TV. May 28, 2021. Archived from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
- ^ a b c McInnis, Brian (May 28, 2021). "Hawaii TV channel KIKU to shift out of Japanese language programming". Pacific Business News. Archived from the original on May 30, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ a b c Omaye, Jayna (June 13, 2021). "KIKU's programming change disappoints viewers". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. pp. B1, B5. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Notification of Consummation". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission. February 2, 2022. Archived from the original on February 3, 2022. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
- ^ "Say Aloha to our returning sister station KIKU TV". kitv.com. January 31, 2022. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
- ^ Peterkin, Olivia (February 2, 2022). "KITV4 owner relaunches KIKU TV with Japanese, Filipino programming". Pacific Business News. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ Omaye, Jayna (February 3, 2022). "KIKU-TV makes its return after several months off air: About 75% of its Japanese and Filipino shows are slated to return". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. p. B4. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Hazra, Adriana (February 6, 2022). "Hawaii's KIKU-TV Relaunches as Part of KITV4 Network". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on March 3, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2023.
- ^ Weprin, Alex (June 1, 2025). "Byron Allen Puts His Local TV Stations Up for Sale". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 1, 2025.
- ^ Miller, Mark K. (June 2, 2025). "Allen Media Group Retains Moelis To Sell Its TV Stations". TVNewsCheck. Retrieved June 2, 2025.
- ^ "RabbitEars TV Query for KIKU". RabbitEars. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
External links
[edit]Overview
Station Profile
KIKU is an independent television station licensed to Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, serving the Honolulu designated market area via virtual channel 20 (UHF digital channel 19).[14] It operates as a multicultural broadcaster, emphasizing programming tailored to Japanese and Filipino communities in the region.[10] The station's studios are shared with sister station KITV (channel 4) at 801 South King Street in downtown Honolulu, while its transmitter is situated in Nānākuli on the island of Oahu.[15] Launched on December 30, 1983, originally as KHAI-TV, KIKU has maintained a focus on diverse ethnic content since adopting its current call letters in 1993.[14] The call sign KIKU, meaning "chrysanthemum" in Japanese, was first associated with Japanese-language television in Honolulu on channel 13 beginning in 1967.[16] As of November 2025, KIKU remains an active independent station under the ownership of Allen Media Group, which acquired it in January 2022 from WRNN-TV Associates.[10] On June 2, 2025, Allen Media Group announced it had retained investment bank Moelis & Company to explore the potential sale of its ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox affiliated television stations in 21 markets, amid ongoing financial challenges facing the broadcast industry; as an independent station, KIKU was not included in this process. In August 2025, Allen sold 10 such affiliated stations to Gray Media, and KIKU's carriage was renewed with Hawaiian Telcom in May 2025.[17][18][13]Technical Specifications
KIKU originally operated as an analog television station on UHF channel 20 from its launch in late 1983 until the digital transition.[19] The station discontinued analog broadcasting on January 15, 2009, aligning with the shutdown of analog signals for full-power stations across Hawaii at noon that day.[20] Since the transition, KIKU has broadcast digitally on virtual channel 20.1 and physical RF channel 19, operating as a full-power facility under the call sign KIKU.[21] Its digital signal is transmitted with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 60.7 kW using horizontal polarization and a directional antenna.[21] The height above average terrain (HAAT) measures 606.4 meters (1,990 feet), with the antenna mounted 68 meters above ground level at an above mean sea level elevation of 769 meters.[21] The transmitter site is located at 21°23′40″N 158°5′51″W in the Nānākuli Forest Reserve on Oahu's west side.[21]Historical Background
Origins of the Call Sign
The call sign KIKU was first introduced in 1967 for a television station broadcasting on channel 13 in Honolulu, Hawaii, marking the inception of dedicated Japanese-language programming in the state. Originally operating as KTRG-TV under previous ownership, the station was acquired by broadcaster Richard Eaton of the United Broadcasting Company, who rebranded it as KIKU-TV to align with its new ethnic focus. Eaton announced plans to dedicate at least 50% of the schedule to Japanese content shortly after the purchase, catering to Hawaii's large Asian-American population, particularly those of Japanese descent.[22][23] From 1967 to 1984, KIKU-TV on channel 13 functioned as Hawaii's pioneering outlet for Japanese media, airing imported dramas, news, and cultural programs that connected the local Nikkei community with their heritage. This era represented a significant expansion of ethnic broadcasting in the islands, filling a niche unmet by mainstream English-language stations and fostering cultural preservation amid Hawaii's diverse demographic. The station's operations on channel 13 ended in 1984 when new management, led by Rick Blangiardi, shifted the format toward general audience appeal and changed the call letters to KHNL, effectively retiring KIKU from that frequency.[24][25] The selection of "KIKU" as the call sign drew directly from the Japanese term kiku (菊), meaning chrysanthemum—a flower emblematic of the Japanese imperial family, longevity, and nobility, often associated with autumn festivals and cultural identity. This nomenclature highlighted the station's commitment to Japanese cultural ties within Hawaii's multicultural context, symbolizing renewal and community roots for viewers. The call letters remained dormant until 1993, when they were reassigned to the independent station on channel 20 (formerly KHAI-TV), reviving the name for ongoing Asian-oriented broadcasting in Honolulu.[14]Launch and Early Operations
Media Central Inc., a broadcaster based in Chattanooga, Tennessee, acquired the construction permit for UHF channel 20 in Honolulu from Sunset Communications Corp. in 1982 and completed the necessary facilities to bring the station to air.[26] The station signed on as independent KHAI-TV on December 30, 1983, marking it as Honolulu's second independent station, after KTRG-TV on channel 13, and the first full-power UHF station in the market.[19] From its debut, KHAI-TV operated as an independent station with a mix of general entertainment fare, including cartoons, classic movies, and targeted Asian-American programming to serve Honolulu's multicultural audience.[19] The initial schedule emphasized Japanese-language content such as imported dramas, reflecting the city's large Japanese-American population. Filipino programming was incorporated starting in 1986 to further broaden appeal among other ethnic groups. In 1993, following its acquisition by JN Productions, the station changed its call sign to KIKU-TV, reusing the letters from the shuttered Japanese-focused predecessor on channel 13 to evoke cultural heritage.[14][4] Early operations faced challenges from a limited budget as a startup UHF independent owned by a modest group operator, requiring focused outreach to diverse ethnic communities in a competitive landscape dominated by established VHF network affiliates like KHON-TV (ABC), KGMB-TV (CBS), and KHVH-TV (NBC).[27]Ownership and Programming Evolution
Initial Ownership and Asian-Focused Format (1983–2012)
KIKU-TV, originally launched as KHAI-TV on December 30, 1983, by Tennessee-based Media Central, Inc., quickly established an ethnic programming format targeted at Hawaii's diverse Asian communities, featuring Japanese-language shows such as dramas and news alongside Filipino variety programs and cultural content.[28] The station, operating on UHF channel 20 from studios in Honolulu, emphasized imported content from Asia to serve the state's significant Japanese, Filipino, and Korean populations, filling a gap left by mainstream networks.[29] This initial focus helped build a loyal viewership among the Asian diaspora, with programming that included educational segments on Japanese customs and Filipino entertainment, reflecting Media Central's strategy of developing independent UHF stations with niche multicultural appeals.[30] Media Central's financial difficulties culminated in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing in July 1987, leading to the sale of KHAI-TV in 1989 to the International Channel Network (ICN), a Los Angeles-based company known for its multicultural station KSCI-TV, for $1.75 million as approved by the Federal Bankruptcy Court.[31] Under ICN ownership, the station expanded its international Asian content, incorporating a broader range of imported programming such as Korean serials and Vietnamese news while maintaining the core Japanese and Filipino offerings that had defined its early years.[32] In 1993, JN Productions, led by general manager Joanne Ninomiya, assumed operational control and changed the call sign to KIKU-TV (meaning "chrysanthemum" in Hawaiian, symbolizing Japanese heritage), further solidifying its role as a hub for ethnic media without shifting away from the Asian-focused format.[16] The station remained independent until 2000, when ICN's assets, including KIKU-TV, were acquired as part of a $255 million merger forming AsianMedia Group, a consortium involving The Korea Times Los Angeles and private equity firm Leonard Green & Partners, which aimed to consolidate Asian-language media for U.S. audiences.[33] AsianMedia strengthened local production under this ownership, introducing community-oriented segments and shows like the travel program Soko ga Japan, which explored Japanese culture and destinations, alongside ongoing imports of Japanese soap operas and Filipino telenovelas to engage Hawaii's diaspora communities.[34] The format emphasized cultural events, such as festivals and language lessons, fostering a sense of connection for Asian immigrants and descendants, with viewership sustained by the station's unique niche in a market dominated by English-language broadcasters.[33] In 2004, KIKU-TV briefly became a secondary affiliate of the United Paramount Network (UPN), airing select English-language shows in off-peak hours while preserving its primary Asian programming schedule, a arrangement that lasted until UPN's dissolution in 2006.[35] Throughout the ICN and AsianMedia eras, the station's commitment to multicultural content contributed to steady growth in its audience share among Hawaii's Asian population, which comprised over 50% of the state's residents by the early 2000s, without pursuing full network affiliation that might dilute its ethnic focus.[36]Shifts Under NRJ TV and WRNN (2012–2022)
In 2012, NRJ TV LLC acquired KIKU-TV from International Media Group as part of a $45 million deal that encompassed the Honolulu station along with KSCI-TV in Los Angeles and KAUN-LP in San Luis Obispo.[37][38] The transaction, approved by the FCC following the seller's bankruptcy proceedings, allowed NRJ TV—a company focused on acquiring smaller-market independents—to maintain KIKU's established Asian-focused format, which had been a staple since its early years.[39] Under this ownership, the station continued broadcasting Japanese and Filipino programming, including dramas, news, and cultural shows targeted at Hawaii's diverse ethnic communities.[19] NRJ TV's stewardship of KIKU lasted until late 2019, when WRNN-TV Associates, the parent entity of RNN National LLC and owner of New York-based WRNN-TV, announced the acquisition of KIKU and seven other full-power stations from NRJ TV for $81.2 million.[40] The deal, aimed at expanding RNN's national footprint to cover over 28% of U.S. households, closed in February 2020.[5] Initially, the new ownership preserved KIKU's ethnic programming lineup, with no immediate alterations to the schedule of imported Asian content and local features.[41] However, financial pressures on RNN prompted a significant pivot in June 2021, when KIKU replaced its Japanese and Filipino programming with 24/7 ShopHQ home shopping content across its main channel and subchannels.[41][42] This shift, affecting multiple RNN-owned stations, marked a departure from decades of multicultural broadcasting and represented a low point for KIKU, as the station aired full-time infomercials and product promotions in place of cultural staples.[43] The change elicited strong community backlash, with viewers lamenting the loss of essential ethnic representation and launching petitions to restore the original format.[44] U.S. Representatives Ed Case and Kaialei Kahele amplified these concerns by writing to the FCC on June 30, 2021, requesting intervention to preserve KIKU's role in serving Hawaii's Asian-American audiences.[9] The controversy underscored the station's cultural significance and fueled restoration efforts, including negotiations that set the stage for a return to ethnic programming the following year. During the NRJ and early RNN periods, KIKU also expanded its digital subchannels—such as 20.2 and 20.3—to carry supplementary content like syndicated shows and revenue-generating infomercials, helping to diversify income streams amid evolving broadcast economics.[45]Allen Media Group Era and Recent Changes (2022–Present)
In January 2022, Allen Media Group completed its acquisition of KIKU from WRNN-TV Associates for $4 million, marking the end of the station's brief tenure as a ShopHQ affiliate that had interrupted its longstanding multicultural programming since mid-2021.[13][10] Upon closing the deal on January 31, 2022, the new ownership swiftly restored KIKU's core Japanese and Filipino content, including dramas, variety shows, and cultural programs that had defined the station for decades, while committing to its role as Hawaii's multicultural broadcaster.[46][10] Under Allen Media Group, KIKU integrated operationally with its Honolulu sister station KITV (an ABC affiliate also owned by the group), enabling shared news production resources to enhance local coverage.[47] This collaboration introduced "Island News at 10," a weekday newscast produced by KITV's team and airing on KIKU, providing Hawaii-focused reporting on community events, weather, and current affairs to complement the station's ethnic programming.[1] To broaden its appeal beyond traditional audiences, Allen augmented KIKU's lineup with English-language syndicated content, including classic television from MeTV on subchannel 20.2, alongside local elder wisdom segments and senior resources.[48] By 2025, KIKU continued to emphasize its multicultural roots with high-profile events, such as live coverage of the Grand Sumo Tournament from London, airing October 15–19 and marking the event's return outside Japan after over 30 years.[49] However, the station faced uncertainty amid Allen Media Group's broader financial pressures; on June 2, 2025, the company announced it had retained investment bank Moelis & Co. to explore the sale of its portfolio of local television stations, including ABC affiliate KITV and independent KIKU in Honolulu, to address over $1 billion in debt accumulated from prior acquisitions.[50][51] In August 2025, Allen Media Group sold 10 of its stations in other markets to Gray Media for $171 million as part of these efforts, but no transaction involving KIKU or KITV had been finalized as of November 2025, allowing the station to maintain its restored format and ongoing operations.[52][53]Current Operations
Primary Programming
KIKU's primary programming on its main channel (20.1) centers on multicultural content tailored to Hawaii's diverse Asian-American communities, featuring a blend of imported Japanese and Filipino series alongside local productions.[47] The station airs Japanese dramas and soap operas, such as Kuru Kuru Japan and Soko ga Japan, which explore everyday life, travel, and cultural stories in Japan, appealing to the local Japanese diaspora.[7] Filipino telenovelas and dramas, including restored favorites like those in the mystery and romance genres, provide emotional storytelling focused on family dynamics and societal issues.[46] These imported shows form the backbone of the weekday and weekend schedule, typically airing in the evenings to capture peak viewing hours for immigrant and second-generation audiences.[3] Local programming emphasizes community engagement and cultural preservation, with shows like The Wisdom of Hawai‘i's Elders showcasing interviews with seniors sharing personal histories and life lessons from Hawaii's multicultural fabric.[54] Complementary segments include senior resources, offering practical advice on health, finances, and community services for older viewers, as well as the Japanese Word of the Day, a brief educational feature promoting language learning and cultural appreciation.[54] These Hawaii-produced elements integrate seamlessly with the Asian imports, fostering a sense of local identity within the broader multicultural slate. News and lifestyle content, produced in partnership with KITV since 2022, anchor the late-evening lineup, including Island News @10—a 30-minute broadcast covering Hawaii-specific stories—and New Island Life Live, which highlights community events, health tips, and island living.[55] Special events underscore KIKU's role in cultural programming, such as the live broadcast of the 2025 Grand Sumo Tournament from London's Royal Albert Hall, airing October 15–19 with daily matches starting at 7 p.m. HST to connect viewers with traditional Japanese sports.[49] The overall schedule mixes these Asian series, community-focused shows, and limited English-language syndication, such as occasional reruns of popular U.S. programs like The Rookie, to balance accessibility while prioritizing ethnic content that reflects Hawaii's demographic.[1] This format, restored under Allen Media Group's ownership, has revitalized KIKU as a hub for Asian-Pacific programming in the islands.[46]Digital Subchannels
Following the nationwide digital television transition on June 12, 2009, KIKU began offering digital subchannels on its UHF digital channel 19 to expand programming options and generate additional revenue through multicast affiliations.[45] The station's primary subchannel, 20.1, carries KIKU's main independent feed, featuring multicultural programming targeted at Hawaii's diverse Asian-American communities.[45] Subchannel 20.2 is affiliated with MeTV Toons, which broadcasts classic animated series from the 1960s through the 1990s, including shows like Mighty Mouse and Underdog.[45][56] On 20.3, KIKU airs Laff, a national network dedicated to comedic programming such as sitcoms and stand-up specials from the 1980s and 1990s.[45][57] Subchannel 20.5 features Jewelry Television (JTV), a home shopping network specializing in jewelry, gemstones, and related accessories through live demonstrations and sales.[45]| Virtual Channel | Affiliation | Programming Focus | Video Format |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20.1 | Independent | Multicultural independent | 720p |
| 20.2 | MeTV Toons | Animated classics | 480i |
| 20.3 | Laff | Comedy series | 480i |
| 20.5 | Jewelry TV | Jewelry shopping | 480i |
