List of pterosaur genera

This list of pterosaurs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the order Pterosauria, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomen dubium), or were not formally published (nomen nudum), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered pterosaurian. The list currently includes 281 genera.

Scope and terminology

There is no official, canonical list of pterosaur genera, but the most thorough attempts can be found at the Pterosauria section of Mikko Haaramo's Phylogeny Archive,^[1] the Genus Index at Mike Hanson's The Pterosauria,^[2] supplemented by the Pterosaur Species List,^[3] and in the fourth supplement of Donald F. Glut's Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia series.^[4]

Authors and year

The authors column lists the authors of the formal description responsible for the erection of the genus listed. They are not necessarily the same as the authors of the type species as sometimes a species from one genus is determined sufficiently distinct to warrant the erection of a new genus to house it. If this is the case, only the latter authors will be listed. The year column notes the year the description was published.

Status

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:

Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen.
Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.

Age

The age column denotes the epoch of geologic time to which the fossils date. Genera that are invalid, misidentified, or otherwise do not represent a valid pterosaur are listed as age N/A because there was never a time in which a pterosaur by that generic name actually lived.

Location and notes

The location column designates the geographic region where remains of the relevant genus have been found. The regions used are continents except in the case of smaller landmasses (e.g. Cuba.) Political bodies, being non-existent in the Mesozoic are not used to indicate genera locations. Genera that are invalid, misidentified, or otherwise do not represent a valid pterosaur are listed as location N/A because there was never a place in which a pterosaur by that generic name actually lived. The notes column is a collection of annotations on the scientific significance and taxonomic history of listed genera, as well as elaborations on the information presented in other columns.

The list

Genera

Genus	Authors	Year	Status	Age	Location	Notes
Aerodactylus^[5]	Vidovic Martill	2014	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Aerodraco^[6]	Holgado Pêgas	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Aerotitan^[7]	Novas et al.	2012	Valid	Late Cretaceous	S. America
Aetodactylus^[8]	Myers	2010	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America
Afrotapejara^[9]	Martill et al.	2020	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Aidachar^[10]	Nesov	1981	Misidentification	N/A	N/A	Actually a teleost fish whose remains were originally mistaken for jaw fragments of a ctenochasmatid. The mistake was corrected in 1986.
Akharhynchus^[11]	Jacobs, Smith, & Zouhri	2024	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Alamodactylus^[12]	Andres Myers	2013	Valid	Late Cretaceous^[12]	N. America^[12]
Alanqa^[13]	Ibrahim et al.	2010	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Albadraco^[14]	Solomon et al.	2019	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Alcione^[15]	Longrich et al.	2018	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Allkaruen	Codorniú et al.	2016	Valid	Early Jurassic or Middle Jurassic	S. America
Altmuehlopterus^[16]	Vidovic Martill	2017	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Amblydectes	Hooley	1914	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Angustinaripterus^[17]	He Xinlu et al.	1983	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia	Known from a single skull recovered from the Shaximiao Formation. Its Dorygnathus-like teeth suggest it had a piscivorous diet.
Anhanguera^[18]	Campos Kellner	1985	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America	A piscivorous anhanguerid from the Santana Formation. A study of its anatomy helped resolve controversy regarding pterodacyloids' posture while on the ground.
Anurognathus^[19]	Döderlein	1923	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[20]	Europe^[20]	A tiny (50 cm wingspan) insectivore known only from two skeletons recovered from the Solnhofen Formation.
Apatomerus^[21]	Williston	1903	Misidentification^[2]	Early Cretaceous	N. America	Probably a misidentified plesiosaur.^[2]
Apatorhamphus^[22]	McPhee et al.	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Africa
Arambourgiania^[23]	Nesov Kanznyshkina Cherepanov	1987	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Aralazhdarcho^[24]	Averianov	2007	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Araripedactylus	Wellnhofer	1977	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Araripesaurus	Price	1971	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Archaeoistiodactylus	Lü Fucha	2011	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
Arcticodactylus	Kellner	2015	Valid	Late Triassic	Europe
Ardeadactylus^[25]	Bennett	2013	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Argentinadraco	Kellner & Calvo	2017	Valid	Late Cretaceous	S. America
Arthurdactylus	Frey Martill	1994	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Aurorazhdarcho^[26]	Frey Meyer Tischlinger	2011	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[26]	Europe^[26]
Aussiedraco^[27]	Kellner Rodrigues Costa	2011	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Australia
Austriadactylus^[17]	Dalla Vecchia Wild Reitner	2002	Valid	Late Triassic	Europe
Austriadraco	Kellner	2015	Valid	Late Triassic	Europe
Avgodectes^[28]	Peters	2004	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Probable junior synonym of Haopterus.
Aymberedactylus	Pêgas et al.	2016	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Azhdarcho^[29]	Nesov	1984	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Bakonydraco^[30]	Ösi Weishampel Jianu	2005	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Balaenognathus^[31]	Martill et al.	2023	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Banguela^[32]	Headden Campos	2015	Jr. synonym	Early Cretaceous	S. America	Subjective junior synonym of Thalassodromeus.
Barbaridactylus^[15]	Longrich et al.	2018	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Barbosania^[33]	Elgin Frey	2011	Valid	Late Cretaceous	S. America
Batrachognathus^[34]	Rjabinin	1948	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[35]	Asia^[35]
Beipiaopterus^[36]	Lü	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Belonochasma^[2]	Broili	1939	Misidentification^[2]	N/A	N/A	A non-pterosaurian gnathostome.^[2]
Bellubrunnus^[37]	Hone et al.	2012	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Bennettazhia	Nesov	1991	Valid	Early Cretaceous	N. America
Bergamodactylus^[38]	Kellner	2015	Jr. synonym	Late Triassic	Europe	Junior synonym of Carniadactylus.
Bogolubovia^[39]	Nesov A. A. Yarkov	1989	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Boreopterus^[40]	Lü Q. Ji	2005	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Brachytrachelus	Giebel	1852	Preoccupied	N/A	N/A	preoccupied name; now known as Scaphognathus
Brasileodactylus^[41]	Kellner	1984	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Cacibupteryx^[42]	Gasparini Fernández de la Fuente	2004	Valid	Late Jurassic	Cuba
Caelestiventus^[43]	Britt Dalla Vecchia Chure et al.	2018	Valid	Late Triassic	North America
Caiuajara^[44]	Manzig et al.	2014	Valid	Late Cretaceous	S. America
Camposipterus^[45]	Rodrigues Kellner	2013	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
"Campylognathus"^[46]	Plieninger	1894	Preoccupied	N/A	N/A	preoccupied name; now known as Campylognathoides
Campylognathoides^[17]	Strand	1928	Valid	Early Jurassic^[47]	Europe^[47]
Carniadactylus^[48]	Dalla Vecchia	2009	Valid	Late Triassic	Europe	Formerly Eudimorphodon rosenfeldi.^[48]
Cascocauda^[49]	Yang et al.	2022	Valid	Middle Jurassic-Late Jurassic	Asia
Cathayopterus^[50]^[51]	Wang Zhou	2006	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Caulkicephalus^[52]	Steel Martill et al.	2005	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Caupedactylus^[53]	Kellner	2013	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Caviramus^[54]	Fröbisch Fröbisch	2006	Valid	Late Triassic	Europe
Cearadactylus^[55]	Leonardi Borgomanero	1985	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Ceoptera^[56]	Martin-Silverstone et al.	2024	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Isle of Skye
Changchengopterus^[57]	Lü	2009	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Chaoyangopterus^[58]	Wang Zhou	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Cimoliopterus^[45]	Rodrigues Kellner	2013	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Cimoliornis	Owen	1846	Nomen nudum	N/A	N/A
Coloborhynchus^[17]	Owen	1874	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe N. America S. America Africa
Comodactylus^[59]	Galton	1981	Nomen dubium	Late Jurassic	N. America
Cratonopterus^[60]	Jiang et al.	2023	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Cretornis	Fritsch	1880	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Criorhynchus	Owen	1874	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Ornithocheirus.
Cryodrakon^[61]	Hone et al.	2019	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America
Ctenochasma^[62]	von Meyer	1852	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[63]	Europe^[63]
Cuspicephalus^[64]	Martill Etches	2013	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Cycnorhamphus^[17]	Seeley	1870	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[65]	Europe^[65]
"Daitingopterus"^[66]	Maisch Matzke Ge Sun	2004	Nomen nudum	Late Jurassic	Europe
Daohugoupterus	Cheng et al.	2015	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Darwinopterus^[67]	Lü Unwin et al.	2009	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia	Intermediate form between rhamphorhynchoids and pterodactyloids.
Dawndraco^[68]	Kellner	2010	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America	Possible junior synonym of Geosternbergia.
Dearc^[69]	Jagielska et al.	2022	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Isle of Skye
Dendrorhynchoides^[70]	S.-A. Ji Q. Ji Padian	1999	Valid	Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous	Asia
"Dendrorhynchus"^[71]	S.-A. Ji Q. Ji	1998	Preoccupied	N/A	N/A	Preoccupied name; now known as Dendrorhynchoides.
Dermodactylus	Marsh	1881	Nomen dubium	Late Jurassic	N. America
Dimorphodon^[17]	Owen	1859	Valid	Early Jurassic^[72]	Europe^[72]
Diopecephalus	Seeley	1871	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Dolicorhamphus^[73]	Seeley	1875	Nomen dubium	Middle Jurassic	Europe
Domeykodactylus^[74]	Martill Frey et al.	2000	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Doratorhynchus^[75]	Seeley	1875	Nomen vanum	Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous	Europe
Dorygnathus^[17]	Wagner	1860	Valid	Early Jurassic^[76]	Europe^[76]
Douzhanopterus^[77]	Wang et al.	2017	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Draigwenia^[78]	Holgado	2021	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Dsungaripterus^[17]	Young	1964	Valid	Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous^[79]	Asia^[79]
Elanodactylus^[80]	Andres Ji, Q.	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Eoazhdarcho^[81]	Lü Ji	2005	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Eopteranodon^[82]	Lü Zhang	2005	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Eosipterus^[17]	Ji Ji	1997	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Eotephradactylus^[83]	Kligman et al.	2025	Valid	Late Triassic	N. America
Epapatelo^[84]	Fernandes et al.	2022	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Eudimorphodon^[17]	Zambelli	1973	Valid	Late Triassic^[85]	Europe^[85]
Europejara^[86]	Vullo et al.	2012	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Eurazhdarcho^[87]	Vremir et al.	2013	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Eurolimnornis^[88]	Kessler Jurcsák	1986	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe	Originally described as a bird, subsequently reinterpreted as a pterosaur.^[89]
Faxinalipterus^[90]	Bonaparte, et al.	2010	Misidentification	N/A	N/A	Originally described as a pterosaur, but has since been reinterpreted as a non-pterosaur pterosauromorph.^[91]
Feilongus^[92]	Wang, Kellner, et al.	2005	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Fenghuangopterus^[93]	Lü Fucha Chen	2010	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
Ferrodraco^[94]	Pentland et al.	2019	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Australia
Forfexopterus	Jiang et al.	2016	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Gallodactylus	Fabre	1974	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Cycnorhamphus.
Garudapterus^[95]	Manitkoon et al.	2025	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Geosternbergia	Miller	1978	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Junior synonym of Pteranodon.
Gegepterus^[96]	X. Wang Kellner et al.	2007	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Germanodactylus^[17]	Yang	1964	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[97]	Europe^[97]
Gladocephaloideus^[98]	Lü Ji Wei Liu	2011	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Gnathosaurus^[17]	von Meyer	1833	Valid	Late Jurassic^[99]	Europe^[99]
Guidraco^[100]	Wang et al.	2012	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Gwawinapterus^[101]	Arbour Currie	2011	Misidentification	Late Cretaceous^[101]	N. America^[101]	Initially thought to be an istiodactylid pterosaur,^[101] but subsequently reinterpreted as an indeterminate saurodontid fish.^[102]
Haliskia^[103]	Pentland et al.	2024	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Australia
Hamipterus^[104]	Wang et al.	2014	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Haopterus^[105]	Wang X. Lü	2001	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Harpactognathus^[106]	Carpenter Unwin et al.	2003	Valid	Late Jurassic	N. America
Hatzegopteryx^[107]	Buffetaut Grigorescu Csiki	2002	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Herbstosaurus^[17]	Casamiquela	1974	Valid	Late Jurassic	S. America
Hongshanopterus^[108]	X. Wang Campos et al.	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Huanhepterus^[109]	Dong	1982	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Huaxiadraco^[110]	Pêgas et al.	2023	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Huaxiapterus^[111]	Lü C. Yuan	2005	Nomen dubium	Early Cretaceous	Asia	Possible junior synonym of Sinopterus.
Iberodactylus^[112]	Holgado et al.	2019	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Ikrandraco^[113]	Wang et al.	2014	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Inabtanin^[114]	Rosenbach et al.	2024	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Infernodrakon^[115]	Thomas et al.	2025	Valid	Late Cretaceous	North America
Ingridia^[116]	Unwin Martill	2007	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Objective Jr. synonym of Tupandactylus.
Istiodactylus^[17]	Howse Milner Martill	2001	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Javelinadactylus	Campos	2021	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Junior synonym of Wellnhopterus. Although named a few months earlier, its description was retracted over allegations that the describer did not have access to its holotype, and seemingly wrote it to beat out a major series of papers which the Wellnhopterus description was part of.
Jeholopterus^[117]	X. Wang Zhou	2002	Valid	Middle Jurassic or Early Cretaceous	Asia
Jianchangnathus^[118]	Cheng Wang Jiang Kellner	2012	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
Jianchangopterus^[119]	Lü Bo	2011	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
Jidapterus^[120]	Dong Sun Wu	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Kariridraco^[121]	Cerqueira et al.	2021	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Kepodactylus^[122]	Harris Carpenter	1996	Valid	Late Jurassic	N. America
Keresdrakon^[123]	Kellner et al.	2019	Valid	Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous	S. America
Klobiodon^[124]	O'Sullivan Martill	2018	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Europe
Kunpengopterus^[125]	X. Wang Kellner et al.	2010	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
Kryptodrakon^[126]	Andres Clark Xu	2014	Valid	Middle Jurassic and/or Late Jurassic	Asia
Lacusovagus^[127]	Witton	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Laopteryx	Marsh	1881	Nomen dubium	Late Jurassic	N. America
Leptostomia^[128]	Smith et al.	2020	Valid	Early or Late Cretaceous	Africa
Liaodactylus^[129]	C.-F. Zhou et al.	2017	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Liaoningopterus^[130]	X.-L. Wang Z.-H. Zhou	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Liaoxipterus^[131]	Dong Lü	2005	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Limnornis^[132]	Kessler Jurcsák	1984	Preoccupied	Early Cretaceous	Europe	Originally described as a bird; fossils later renamed Palaeolimnornis.
Linlongopterus^[133]	Rodrigues et al.	2015	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Lingyuanopterus^[134]	Xu et al.	2022	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
"Lithosteornis"^[135]	Gervais	1844	Nomen nudum	N/A	N/A	Nomen nudum
Lonchodectes^[17]	Hooley	1914	Valid	Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous	Europe
Lonchodraco^[45]	Rodrigues Kellner	2013	Valid	Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous	Europe
Lonchognathosaurus^[136]	Maisch Matzke Ge Sun	2004	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Longchengpterus^[137]	L. Wang L. Li et al.	2006	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Luchibang^[138]	Hone L. Li et al.	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Ludodactylus^[139]	Frey Martill Buchy	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Luopterus^[140]	Hone	2020	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Lusognathus^[141]	Fernandes et al.	2023	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Maaradactylus^[142]	Bantim et al.	2014	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Macrotrachelus	Giebel	1852	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Pterodactylus.
Meilifeilong^[143]	Wang Kellner et al.	2023	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Melkamter^[144]	Fernandes Pol Rauhut	2024	Valid	Early Jurassic	S. America
Mesadactylus^[145]	Jensen Padian	1989	Valid	Late Jurassic	N. America
Microtuban^[146]	Elgin Frey	2011	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Mimodactylus^[147]	Kellner et al.	2019	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Lebanon
Mistralazhdarcho^[148]	Vullo Garcia Godefroit et al.	2018	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Moganopterus^[149]	Lü et al.	2012	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Montanazhdarcho^[150]	Padian Horner de Ricqlès	1993	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America
Muzquizopteryx^[151]	Frey Buchy et al.	2006	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America
Mythunga^[152]	Molnar Thulborn	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Australia
Navajodactylus^[153]	Sullivan Fowler	2011	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America
Nemicolopterus^[154]	X. Wang Kellner et al.	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Nesodactylus^[155]	Colbert	1969	Valid	Late Jurassic	Cuba
Nesodon^[156]	Jensen Ostrom	1977	Lapsus calami	N/A	N/A	Misspelling of Nesodactylus, also preoccupied by a toxodont.
Nicorhynchus^[6]	Holgado Pêgas	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous	Africa Europe
Ningchengopterus^[157]	Lü	2009	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Nipponopterus^[158]	Zhou et al.	2025	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Noripterus^[17]	Yang	1973	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Normannognathus^[136]	Buffetaut J.-J. Lepage G. Lepage	1998	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Nurhachius	Wang Kellner et al.	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Nyctodactylus^[159]	Marsh	1881	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Nyctosaurus.
Nyctosaurus^[160]	Marsh	1876	Valid	Late Cretaceous^[161]	N. America,^[161] S. America^[161]
"Odontorhynchus"	Stolley	1936	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Rhamphorhynchus.
"Oolithorhynchus"^[2]	Whalley	2000	Nomen nudum^[2]			Manuscript name^[2] about which almost nothing is known.
Orientognathus	Lü et al.	2015	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Ordosipterus^[162]	Ji	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Ornithocephalus^[163]	von Sömmering	1812	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Pterodactylus.
Ornithocheirus^[17]	Seeley	1869	Valid	Early Cretaceous.^[45]	Europe^[45]
Ornithodesmus^[2]	Seeley	1887	Misidentification^[2]	N/A	N/A	Misidentified dromaeosaurid.^[2]
Ornithopterus^[164]	Fitzinger	1843	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Rhamphorhynchus.
Ornithostoma^[17]	Seeley	1871	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
"Osteornis"^[135]	Gervais	1844	Nomen nudum	N/A	Europe	Nomen ex dissertationae for pterosaur remains later named Palaeornis and Cimoliornis.
Otogopterus^[165]	Ji Zhang	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Pachagnathus^[166]	Martínez et al.	2022	Valid	Late Triassic	S. America
Pachyrhamphus^[164]	Fitzinger	1843	Preoccupied	N/A	N/A	Preoccupied name; now known as Scaphognathus
Palaeocursornis^[88]	Kessler Jurcsák	1986	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe	Originally described under the name Limnornis as a bird; Limnornis was preoccupied, and the fossils were subsequently reinterpreted as pterosaurian.^[89]
Palaeornis	Mantell	1844	Preoccupied	N/A	N/A	preoccupied name.
Pangupterus	Lü et al.	2016	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Paranurognathus^[167]	Peters	2005	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Anurognathus.
Parapsicephalus^[168]	von Arthaber	1919	Valid	Early Jurassic	Europe
Peteinosaurus^[17]	Wild	1978	Valid	Late Triassic^[169]	Europe^[169]
Petrodactyle^[170]	Hone et al.	2023	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
"Phobetor"^[2]^[17]	Bakhurina	1986	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Noripterus.^[171]
Phosphatodraco^[172]	Pereda-Suberbiola Bardet et al.	2003	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Piksi^[173]	Varricchio	2002	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America	Originally described as a bird, subsequently reinterpreted as a pterosaur.^[89]
Plataleorhynchus^[174]	Howse Milner	1995	Valid	Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous	Europe
Prejanopterus^[175]	Vidarte Calvo	2010	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Preondactylus^[17]	Wild	1983	Valid	Late Triassic^[176]	Europe^[176]
"Pricesaurus"^[177]	Bonaparte Sanchez	1986	Nomen nudum	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Propterodactylus^[178]	Spindler	2024	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Ptenodactylus^[179]	Seeley	1869	Preoccupied	N/A	N/A	Preoccupied name.
Ptenodracon^[180]	Lydekker	1888	Jr. synonym	N/A	N/A	Junior synonym of Ctenochasma.
Pteranodon^[17]	Marsh	1876	Valid	Late Cretaceous^[181]	N. America.^[181]
Ptéro-dactyle	Cuvier	1809		N/A	N/A	Renamed Pterodactylus.
Pterodactylus	Rafinesque	1815	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[182]	Africa,^[182] Europe^[182]
Pterodaustro^[17]	Bonaparte	1970	Valid	Early Cretaceous^[183]	S. America^[183]
Pterofiltrus^[184]	Jiang Wang	2011	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Pteromonodactylus	Teryaev	1967	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Rhamphorhynchus.
Pterorhynchus^[185]	Czerkas Q. Ji	2002	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Pterotherium^[186]	Fischer von Waldheim	1813	Jr. snyonym	N/A	N/A	Jr. synonym of Pterodactylus.
Puntanipterus^[187]	Bonaparte Sanchez	1975	Valid	Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous	S. America
Qinglongopterus^[188]	Lü Unwin et al.	2012	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
Quetzalcoatlus^[17]	Lawson	1975	Valid	Late Cretaceous^[189]	N. America^[189]
Radiodactylus^[12]	Andres Myers	2013	Valid	Early Cretaceous	N. America
Raeticodactylus^[190]	Stecher	2008	Valid	N/A	N/A	Possible junior synonym of Caviramus
Rhabdopelix^[2]	Cope	1870	Misidentification^[2]	N/A	N/A	At first it was thought to be a Triassic pterosaur, but is now known to be (at least in part) a kuehneosaurid.^[2]
Rhamphinion^[191]	Padian	1984	Valid	Early Jurassic	N. America
Rhamphocephalus	Seeley	1880	Misidentification	Middle Jurassic	Europe	Originally assigned to Pterosauria, later reassigned to Thalattosuchia.^[192]
Rhamphorhynchus^[17]	von Meyer	1846	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[193]	Africa,^[193] Europe^[193]
Samrukia^[194]	Naish et al.	2012	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia	Originally described as a bird but reinterpreted as a pterosaur.
Santanadactylus^[195]	de Buisonjé	1980	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Saratovia^[196]	Averianov	2025	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Europe
Scaphognathus^[17]	Wagner	1861	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[197]	Europe^[197]
Seazzadactylus^[198]	Dalla Vecchia	2019	Valid	Late Triassic	Europe
Sericipterus	Andres Clark X. Xing	2010	Valid	Late Jurassic	Asia
Serradraco^[199]	Rigal Martill Sweetman	2017	Valid	Late Jurassic.	Europe
Shenzhoupterus^[200]	Lü Unwin et al.	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Simurghia^[15]	Longrich et al.	2018	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Sinomacrops^[201]	Wei et al.	2021	Valid	Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic	Asia
Sinopterus^[202]	X. Wang Z. Zhou	2003	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Siroccopteryx^[203]	Mader Kellner	1999	Valid	N/A	N/A	Possible junior synonym of Coloborhynchus
Skiphosoura^[204]	Hone et al.	2024	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Sordes^[17]	Sharov	1971	Valid	Late Jurassic.^[205]	Asia^[205]
Spathagnathus^[206]	Fernandes et al.	2025	Valid	Late Jurassic	Europe
Sultanuvaisia^[10]	Nesov	1981	Misidentification	Late Cretaceous	Asia.	Actually a fish.
Tacuadactylus^[207]	Soto et al.	2021	Valid	Late Jurassic	S. America
Tapejara^[17]	Kellner	1989	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Targaryendraco^[208]	Pêgas et al.	2019	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Tendaguripterus^[209]	Unwin Heinrich	1999	Valid	Late Jurassic	Africa
Tethydraco^[15]	Longrich et al.	2018	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Africa
Thalassodromeus^[210]	Kellner Campos	2002	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Thanatosdrakon	Ortiz David et al.	2022	Valid	Late Cretaceous	South America
Thapunngaka^[211]	Richards et al.	2021	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Australia
"Titanopteryx"^[212]	Arambourg	1959	Preoccupied	Late Cretaceous	Asia	Preoccupied by a simuliid blackfly. It was later renamed Arambourgiania.
Torukjara^[213]	Pêgas	2024	Valid	Early Cretaceous	South America
Tribelesodon	Bassani	1886	Misidentification	N/A	N/A	At first it was thought to be a Triassic pterosaur but is now known to be a misinterpreted specimen of the prolacertiform Tanystropheus.
Tropeognathus	Wellnhofer	1987	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America	One of the largest anhanguerids.
Tupandactylus^[214]	Kellner Campos	2007	Valid	Early Cretaceous	S. America
Tupuxuara^[215]	Kellner Campos	1988	Valid	Late Cretaceous	S. America
Uktenadactylus^[216]	Rodrigues Kellner	2008	Valid	Early Cretaceous	N. America	Possible junior synonym of Coloborhynchus
Unwindia^[217]	Martill	2011	Valid	Late Cretaceous	S. America
Utahdactylus^[218]	Czerkas Mickelson	2002	Valid	Late Jurassic	N. America
Vectidraco^[219]	Naish Simpson Dyke	2013	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Vesperopterylus^[220]	Lü et al.	2017	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Volgadraco^[221]	Averianov Arkhangelsky Pervushov	2008	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Wellnhopterus^[222]	Andres, Langston Jr.	2021	Valid	Late Cretaceous	N. America
Wenupteryx^[223]	Codorniú Gasparini	2013	Valid	Late Jurassic	S. America
Wightia^[224]	Martill et al.	2020	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Europe
Wukongopterus	X. Wang Kellner et al.	2009	Valid	Middle Jurassic	Asia
"Wyomingopteryx"^[225]	Bakker	1994	Nomen nudum
Xericeps^[226]	D. Martill et al.	2017	Valid	Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous	Africa
Yelaphomte^[166]	Martínez et al.	2022	Valid	Late Triassic	S. America
Yixianopterus^[227]	Lü S. Ji et al.	2006	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia
Zhejiangopterus^[228]	Z. Cai F. Wei	1994	Valid	Late Cretaceous	Asia
Zhenyuanopterus^[229]	Lü	2010	Valid	Early Cretaceous	Asia

Dimorphodon

Ichnogenera

Genus	Authors	Year	Status	Age	Location	Notes
Agadirichnus	Ambroggi Lapparent	1954	Valid	uK	Africa
Haenamichnus^[230]	Hwang Huh et al.	2002	Valid	uK^[230]	Asia.^[230]	More than 5 times as large as Pteraichnus, these tracks were probably made by azhdarchids.^[230]
Kouphichnium	Nopcsa	1923	Misidentification	N/A	N/A	The trackmaker was probably a limulid.
Pteraichnus	Stokes	1957	Valid	uJ	Asia^[231] Europe N. America	Some tracks attributed to Pteraichnus have been considered crocodilian in origin by some scientists (Padian, 1984) however, recent studies in the past decade have overturned Padian's thoughts.
Purbeckopus	Delair	1963	Nomen dubium	lK	Europe.

Oogenera

Although pterosaur eggs are known, some with complete embryos, no oogenera have been erected to house them. The holotype of the oospecies Oolithes sphaericus was briefly considered by Harry Govier Seeley to be pterosaurian in origin, although this attribution was dismissed before the formal erection of that oogenus.

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External links

Pterosaur FAQs, by Raymond Thaddeus C. Ancog.
The Pterosaur Database, by Paul Pursglove.

[1] Haaramo, Mikko (15 November 2005). "Pterosauria". Mikko's Phylogeny Archive. Archived from the original on 29 March 2007. Retrieved 29 March 2007.

[pterosaur-genus-index-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Hanson, Mike (12 October 2005). "Genus Index". The Pterosauria. Archosauria.org. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 29 March 2007.

[3] Hanson, Mike (30 September 2006). "The Pterosaur Species List" (PDF). The Pterosauria. Archosauria.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2007.

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[fitzinger1843-164] Fitzinger, L. J. 1843. Systema Reptilium. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien. 106 pages. [Pachyrhamphus reference on p. 35]

[165] Shu'an Ji; Lifu Zhang (2020). "A new Early Cretaceous pterosaur from the Ordos region, Inner Mongolia". Earth Science Frontiers. 27 (6): 365–370. doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.14.

[Pachagnathus-166] Martínez, R. N.; Andres, B.; Apaldetti, C.; Cerda, I. A. (2022). "The dawn of the flying reptiles: first Triassic record in the southern hemisphere". Papers in Palaeontology. 8 (2): e1424. Bibcode:2022PPal....8E1424M. doi:10.1002/spp2.1424. ISSN 2056-2799. S2CID 247494547.

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[170] Hone, David W. E.; Lauer, René; Lauer, Bruce; Spindler, Frederik (2023-07-08). "Petrodactyle wellnhoferi gen. et sp. nov.: A new and large ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Germany". Palaeontologia Electronica. 26 (2): 1–28. doi:10.26879/1251. ISSN 1094-8074.

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[Skiphosoura-204] Hone, David W. E.; Fitch, Adam; Selzer, Stefan; Lauer, René; Lauer, Bruce (2024-11-18). "A new and large monofenestratan reveals the evolutionary transition to the pterodactyloid pterosaurs". Current Biology. 34 (23): 5607–5614.e3. Bibcode:2024CBio...34.5607H. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.023. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 39561774.

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[206] Fernandes, A. E.; Tischlinger, H.; Rothgaenger, M.; Rauhut, O. W. M. (2025). "A new species and the earliest occurrence of the Gnathosaurinae (Pterosauria) from the Late Kimmeridgian of Brunn, Germany". PalZ. Bibcode:2025PalZ..tmp...30F. doi:10.1007/s12542-025-00725-0.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bibcode (link)

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[208] Rodrigo Pêgas; Borja Holgado; Maria Eduarda C. Leal (2019). "On Targaryendraco wiedenrothi gen. nov. (Pterodactyloidea, Pteranodontoidea, Lanceodontia) and recognition of a new cosmopolitan lineage of Cretaceous toothed pterodactyloids". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 33 (8): 1–15. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1690482. S2CID 209595986.

[UH99-209] Unwin, David M.; Heinrich, Wolf-Dieter (1999). "On a pterosaur jaw from the Upper Jurassic of Tendaguru (Tanzania)". Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe. 2 (1): 121–134. Bibcode:1999FossR...2..121U. doi:10.1002/mmng.1999.4860020109.

[[[Alexander_Kellner|Kellner]]&[[Diogenes_A._Campos|Campos]]2002-210] Kellner; Campos (2002). "The function of the cranial crest and jaws of a unique pterosaur from the early Cretaceous of Brazil" (PDF). Science. 297 (5580): 389–392. Bibcode:2002Sci...297..389K. doi:10.1126/science.1073186. PMID 12130783. S2CID 45430990.

[Thapunngaka-211] Richards, T.M.; Stumkat, P.E.; Salisbury, S.W. (2021). "A new species of crested pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) of Richmond, North West Queensland, Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (3): e1946068. Bibcode:2021JVPal..41E6068R. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1946068.

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[TRAK08-216] Rodrigues, T.; Kellner, A. W. A. (2008). "Review of the pterodactyloid pterosaur Coloborhynchus". Zitteliana B. 28: 219–228.

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[CM02-218] Czerkas, Stephen A.; Mickelson, Debra L. (2002). "The first occurrence of skeletal pterosaur remains in Utah". In Czerkas, Sylvia J. (ed.). Feathered Dinosaurs and the Origin of Flight. Blanding, Utah: The Dinosaur Museum. pp. 3–13. ISBN 978-1-932075-01-4.

[219] Darren Naish; Martin Simpson; Gareth Dyke (2013). "A New Small-Bodied Azhdarchoid Pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of England and Its Implications for Pterosaur Anatomy, Diversity and Phylogeny". PLOS ONE. 8 (3): e58451. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...858451N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058451. PMC 3601094. PMID 23526986.

[220] Junchang Lü; Qingjin Meng; Baopeng Wang; Di Liu; Caizhi Shen; Yuguang Zhang (2017). "Short note on a new anurognathid pterosaur with evidence of perching behaviour from Jianchang of Liaoning Province, China". In D. W. E. Hone; M. P. Witton; D. M. Martill (eds.). New Perspectives on Pterosaur Palaeobiology. Vol. 455. The Geological Society of London. pp. 95–104. Bibcode:2018GSLSP.455...95L. doi:10.1144/SP455.16. S2CID 219196969. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)

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