Louis Kuehnle
Louis Kuehnle
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Louis Kuehnle

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Louis Kuehnle

Louis Kuehnle, (/ˈknl/; December 25, 1857 – August 6, 1934), known as "Commodore Kuehnle", was an American businessman and politician of German descent. He is considered a pioneer in the growing resort town of Atlantic City, New Jersey, in the late 1880s and the early 1900s. He was leader of the Republican organization that controlled Atlantic City in the early 1900s.

New Jersey Governor Woodrow Wilson, who later became a US president, pursued Kuehnle after his 1910 election as part of his campaign to clean up Atlantic City. That effort led to the unsuccessful prosecution of Kuehnle for election fraud and the successful prosecution and conviction of him for a conflict of interest in connection with a government contract. Kuehnle then had his name tarnished by scandal, and he was succeeded by Enoch "Nucky" Johnson as leader of the organization.

Kuehnle was born in New York City on December 25, 1857. The son of German immigrants Louis and Katrina Kuehnle. His father was a successful chef. He attended the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, but did not perform academically and dropped out after a year.

On 1858, Louis Kuehnle Sr. moved his family to Egg Harbor City, New Jersey, where he began his first hotel, The New York Hotel. The family then moved again, in 1875, to nearby Atlantic City to open another hotel, Kuehnle's Hotel.

Louis Sr. died, which left Kuehnle, who was only 18, to take over Kuehnle's Hotel at the corner of South Carolina and Atlantic Avenues. A saloon, "The Corner," was within the hotel and became a popular meeting place for local politicians. The meetings included three Atlantic County power brokers, one of whom was Nucky Johnson's father Sheriff Smith E. Johnson. When one of those three politicians died in 1900, Kuehnle took his spot at the meetings and eventually took control of the club itself.

Nicknamed "Louie," Kuehnle grew both in popularity and political power in Atlantic City and inspired other young politicians such as Harry and Isaac Bacharach and Enoch Johnson. Kuehnle is credited as the architect and first leader of a partisan political machine in Atlantic City and held great control over the city from the late 1800s until his imprisonment in 1911. He responded to critics of his power by saying, "They'll build a monument to me someday; I built this town."

Kuehnle was responsible for numerous improvements to the city, as he always remembered his goal of transforming Atlantic City into a major US metropolis. Concerned with high rates for telephone and gas, he created his own telephone and gas companies, resulting in lower prices. His telephone company, the Atlantic Coast Telephone Company, would later be bought by Bell. Kuehnle also helped lower electric prices by supporting a competing utility in the area. He helped build the Boardwalk and even increased the amount of fresh water in town by building a water main from the mainland to Absecon Island. To show its possibility, he drilled an artesian well and created the city's waterworks company. Kuehnle was always an entrepreneur in the transportation industry and helped modernize the trolley system to improve intracity transport.

Kuehnle was looked upon by many citizens of Atlantic City as a leader and protector. He would devise nonviolent ways to get the state militia to visit and to calm the community whenever a Philadelphia newspaper published an inflammatory article. He was charitable too and well liked by the African-American community.

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