Tangor

Tangor
	Ortanique
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Family:	Rutaceae
Genus:	Citrus
Species:	C. reticulata × sinensis
Binomial name
	Citrus reticulata × sinensis;

The tangor (C. reticulata × C. sinensis) is a citrus fruit hybrid of the mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata) and the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis).^[1] The name "tangor" is a formation from the "tang" of tangerine and the "or" of "orange." Also called the temple orange, its thick rind is easy to peel and its bright orange pulp is sour-sweet and full-flavoured.^[1] The name "temple orange" is taken from the name of citrus magnate William Chase Temple.^[2]

Varieties

Tangors are purposely bred or accidental hybrids of the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and the mandarin (Citrus reticulata), producing several varieties.^[1]

'Clementine' (Willowleaf × unknown sweet orange)^[3] (a commercially important cultivar)
'King' ("King of Siam"; formerly Citrus nobilis)
'Tsunonozomi' (Kiyomi x Encore)
'Murcott' ("honey Murcott"; "Murcott honey orange"; "red"; "big red")
'Ortanique' (originally found in Jamaica, the name comes from the words "orange", "tangerine", and "unique"). In 1939, David Daniel Phillips was recognised by the Jamaica Agricultural Society (JAS) as the creator of the ortanique.
'Temple' (Willowleaf × unknown sweet orange)^[3] (believed to be the same as the "magnet" variety of Japan)^[1]
'Umatilla' (misnomer "Umatilla tangelo")
'Pontianak' (originally found in Indonesia, named after a provincial capital)
'Setoka' (Japan, hybrid of Murcott and Kuchinotsu No.37)
'Gonggan' (China)^[4]

Satsuma tangors

'Iyokan' (Miyagawa × unknown sweet orange)
'Miyauchi Iyo' (early-ripening Iyo mutant)
'Othani Iyo' (late-ripening Miyauchi mutant)
'Kiyomi' (Miyagawa × Trovita navel orange)
'Seto' (Sugiyama Unshiu × Trovita navel orange)
'Reikou' ((Kiyomi x Encore) x (No. 5 x Marcott))

Cultivation regions

Since the 19th and early 20th centuries, tangors have been cultivated in tropical and warm temperate world regions, such as southern Japan, Florida, Caribbean islands, South Africa, and Malaysia.^[1]

Pests and diseases

The 'Ortanique' variety may be attacked by aphids (Aphis gossypii), rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) or various species of scale insects and moths.^[1] The fungus Sphaeropsis tumefaciens may cause knots in twigs.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Julia F. Morton (1987). "Tangor. In: Fruits of Warm Climates". NewCROP, New Crop Resource Online Program, Center for New Crops and Plant Products, Purdue University. pp. 145–146. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
^ "Golden Personalities: Notable People of Rollins and Winter Park". Rollins Digital Press. Retrieved 22 August 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ ^a ^b Shimizu, Tokurou; Kitajima, Akira; Nonaka, Keisuke; Yoshioka, Terutaka; Ohta, Satoshi; Goto, Shingo; Toyoda, Atsushi; Fujiyama, Asao; Mochizuki, Takako; Nagasaki, Hideki; Kaminuma, Eli; Nakamura, Yasukazu (30 November 2016). "Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes". PLOS ONE. 11 (11): e0166969. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1166969S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166969. PMC 5130255. PMID 27902727.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
^ Qin, Yong-hua; Ye, Zi-xing; Hu, Gui-bing; Chen, Jie-zhong; Xu, Chao; Li, Gu-yu; Lin, Shun-quan (25 June 2014). "'Huami Wuhe Gonggan'，A New Citrus Cultivar". Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 41 (6): 1267.