Hubbry Logo
Ted HopeTed HopeMain
Open search
Ted Hope
Community hub
Ted Hope
logo
8 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Ted Hope
Ted Hope
from Wikipedia

Ted Hope (born 1962) is an American independent film producer based in New York City. He is best known for co-founding the production/sales company Good Machine, where he produced the first films of such filmmakers as Ang Lee, Nicole Holofcener, Todd Field, Michel Gondry, Moisés Kaufman, and Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini. Hope then co-founded This is That with several associates from Good Machine. He later worked at the San Francisco Film Society and Amazon Studios.

Key Information

Among Hope's twenty-three Sundance entries, are three Grand Jury Prize winners: American Splendor (2003), The Brothers McMullen (1995) and What Happened Was... (1994). American Splendor also won the FIPRESCI Award at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival, the Critics prize at the 2003 Deauville Film Festival, and was nominated for five Spirit Awards and one Academy Award. Hope has also produced two Sundance Opening Night selections: Nicole Holofcener's Friends with Money (2006) and Moises Kaufman's The Laramie Project (2002), which was nominated for five Emmys.

In 2013, IndieWire named Hope to its inaugural list of Influencers.[1] The Hollywood Reporter cited Hope and his partners at This is That among the twenty-five most powerful people in the Independent Film business.[2]

Early life

[edit]

Hope attended the undergraduate film program at New York University.[3] He met his frequent collaborator and former business partner Anne Carey on his first day there. After graduating, Hope worked as a production assistant for approximately three years, while also working as a script reader for New Line and MGM.[citation needed]

Hope advanced from work as a Production Assistant to Assistant Directing and Production Management. During that time he started to identify projects and filmmakers he wanted to work with. Most notably Hope started working with Hal Hartley in the years prior to their first production. Hope's first productions were Hartley's The Unbelievable Truth and Trust, on which he is credited as First Assistant Director and Line Producer, respectively.[citation needed]

Career

[edit]

The Good Machine

[edit]

In 1990, Hope and James Schamus founded Good Machine, an independent film production company based in New York. They started doing line production for hire for Claire Denis, Dani Levy, and Jan Schutte. At Good Machine, Hope and James Schamus produced Ang Lee's early films including Pushing Hands, The Wedding Banquet and Eat Drink Man Woman (both Academy Award nominees), The Ice Storm, and Ride with the Devil.[citation needed]

Hope produced Todd Solondz's Cannes Critics' Prize-winning Happiness, which Hope and his partners at Good Machine released themselves when its distributor dropped the film. Hope also executive produced Todd Field's In the Bedroom, which earned five Academy Award nominations for Best Picture, Best Actress, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actress, and Best Adapted Screenplay. Hope and Schamus brought David Linde in as a partner to Good Machine, in order to start their foreign sales arm, Good Machine International.[citation needed] In 2000, the Museum of Modern Art honored Good Machine with a retrospective.[4] In 2001, the partners sold the company to Universal. Schamus and Linde stayed on and merged the international sales company with USA Films to create Focus Features.[citation needed]

This is That

[edit]

With fellow Good Machine producers Anne Carey and Anthony Bregman, and head of business affairs Diana Victor, Hope co-founded New York production company This is That in 2002. This is That's first release, 21 Grams, received two Academy Award nominations and five BAFTA nominations. The company's second release, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. Hope's production of Alan Ball's feature film directorial debut, Towelhead, marked his 18th production of a first time feature film director. In 2010, the company released The American, which opened at No. 1 at the US box office on opening week, and completed Super, written and directed by James Gunn, which was the first film to sell that year at the Toronto International Film Festival.[citation needed] After producing seventeen films, the company closed its doors in September 2010 citing financial struggles with maintaining the office space. Hope hinted that he and Carey could possibly produce together again in the future.[5]

San Francisco Film Society directorship

[edit]

On August 8, 2012, the San Francisco Film Society named Hope as executive director of SFFS effective September 1.[6] He began work in mid-September, 2012. Upon taking the position, Hope stated that it was an offer he could not refuse: “to save Indie Film and build it better than it has been before.” Moving away from project-specific producing, Hope turned his focus on improving infrastructure. [citation needed] Hope announced he would resign as executive director at the end of 2013, citing the challenges of working with a staff of 26 and a board. He said he planned to remain in the San Francisco Bay Area and lead the Film Society's advisory board.[7] In March 2014, Noah Cowen, former director of the Toronto International Film Festival, took over as executive director of the SFFS.[citation needed]

Amazon Studios

[edit]

On January 8, 2014, Hope was named CEO of Fandor, a subscription online service for independent and international films.[8] He left Fandor at the beginning of 2015 to become the head of production for Amazon Original Movies, stating, "To help carry the torch into the feature film world for such an innovative company is a tremendous opportunity and responsibility. Amazon Original Movies will be synonymous with films that amaze, excite, and move our fans, wherever customers watch."[9] After July 2018 he served as the co-head of movies for the studio under Jennifer Salke.

Amazon has released 38 films since 2016, notably winning three Academy Awards in the studio's first year as a distributor for titles Manchester by the Sea and The Salesman.[citation needed] In May 2020, Salke announced that Hope had stepped down from his role as co-head of movies to go back to being an independent producer. Hope made a first-look deal with Amazon that began on June 2, 2020.[10]

Arizona State University

[edit]

In 2021, he joined Arizona State University as professor in the Sidney Poitier New American Film School's Masters program.[11]

Double Hope Films

[edit]

Double Hope Films is a production company founded by independent film producer Ted Hope and his wife Vanessa Hope in 2010. Double Hope's first film, Dark Horse premiered at the Venice Film Festival in 2011, and the company's sophomore effort, Starlet, premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival in 2012.[citation needed]

MPAA campaign

[edit]

Hope was instrumental in organizing the successful 2003 antitrust campaign against the MPAA and its ban on screeners including testifying in court.[12] Although the MPAA head, Jack Valenti, claimed The Screen Ban was about combating piracy,[13] it was recognized by the court as stifling competition.[12]

Filmography

[edit]

He was a producer in all films unless otherwise noted.

Film

[edit]
Year Film Credit
1988 Doom Asylum Associate producer
1989 An Unremarkable Life Associate producer
1990 Trust Line producer
1991 I Was on Mars Line producer
Pushing Hands Executive producer
Surviving Desire
1992 Simple Men
1993 The Wedding Banquet
1994 What Happened Was Executive producer
Bye Bye America [de] Line producer
Eat Drink Man Woman Associate producer
Amateur
Roy Cohn/Jack Smith
1995 The Brothers McMullen Executive producer
Safe Executive producer
Flirt
1996 Walking and Talking
She's the One
What About Me?
1997 Arresting Gena
The Myth of Fingerprints Executive producer
The Ice Storm
Office Killer Executive producer
The Sticky Fingers of Time Executive producer
Love God Executive producer
Monsters Executive producer
1998 No Looking Back
Happiness
Luminous Motion
1999 Ride with the Devil
2000 The Tao of Steve Executive producer
2001 In the Bedroom Executive producer
Storytelling
Human Nature
Lovely & Amazing
2003 American Splendor
21 Grams Executive producer
2004 The Door in the Floor
A Dirty Shame
2005 Thumbsucker Executive producer
2006 Friends with Money Executive producer
The Hawk Is Dying Executive producer
Fay Grim Executive producer
The Ex
2007 The Savages
Towelhead
2009 Adventureland
2010 Super
2011 Martha Marcy May Marlene Executive producer
Collaborator Executive producer
Dark Horse
2012 Starlet Executive producer
2016 A Kind of Murder
2020 Francesco Executive producer
2021 Who We Are: A Chronicle of Racism in America Executive producer
The Tender Bar
2022 Freedom on Fire: Ukraine's Fight for Freedom
Jerry Brown: The Disruptor Executive producer
2023 Cassandro
Invisible Nation
2024 The Black Sea
TBA Lone Wolf
Second unit director or assistant director
Year Film Role
1989 The Unbelievable Truth First assistant director
1990 Basket Case 2 Assistant director
Frankenhooker First assistant director
Trust First assistant director
1991 Blowback Assistant director
Production manager
Year Film
1988 Doom Asylum
1991 I Was on Mars
Miscellaneous crew
Year Film Notes
1986 Sid and Nancy Production assistant
Hotshot Key production assistant
1988 Tiger Warsaw Assistant to producer
As an actor
Year Film Role
1991 I Was on Mars None


Television

[edit]
Year Title Credit Notes
1992 Punch and Judy Got Divorced Television film
2002 The Laramie Project Executive producer Television film
Second unit director or assistant director
Year Title Role
1990−91 Monsters Assistant director

Further reading

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
Ted Hope is an American independent film producer who co-founded the production company with in 1990, focusing on innovative and critically acclaimed projects in the indie sector. Through , which operated until 2003 when it merged into , Hope executive produced or produced films such as The Ice Storm (1997) and collaborated with directors including , , and , contributing to the rise of distinctive voices in 1990s American cinema. Over his career, he has been involved in producing more than 70 films and served as of the Film Society from 2010, followed by a stint as co-head of movies at Amazon Studios until 2019, where he oversaw prestige acquisitions and developments. Since departing Amazon, Hope has continued producing via Double Hope Films, including documentaries like Invisible Nation (2023), and remains vocal about challenges facing independent filmmaking, emphasizing structural reforms over marketing solutions.

Early Life

Upbringing and Education

Ted Hope was born in 1962 in the United States. He grew up in a single-parent household. Hope relocated to at age 19. Hope pursued as an undergraduate at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, transferring into the program during a period when independent filmmaking was gaining prominence in the city. There, he encountered influential works, including student films that foreshadowed notable careers in cinema. His education emphasized practical engagement with emerging indie trends, aligning with his later production path, though specific degree details beyond the undergraduate film focus remain undocumented in primary accounts.

Production Career

Good Machine

Good Machine was an production, distribution, and foreign sales company founded in 1990 by Ted Hope and in . The partners initially handled line producing and services before expanding into full production of feature films, emphasizing support for emerging filmmakers through low-budget, director-driven projects. David Linde joined in the late to bolster foreign sales operations, enabling the company to secure international distribution deals for its output. Under Hope and Schamus, produced or executive-produced dozens of independent films, prioritizing narrative innovation and artistic risk over commercial formulas. Notable early credits include executive producing Tom Noonan's What Happened Was... (1994), which earned the Grand Jury Prize and Screenwriting Award at the . The company backed debut or breakthrough works by directors such as , with (1993) marking an early success in bridging indie aesthetics with crossover appeal, and Nicole Holofcener's (1996). Later highlights encompassed (2000), directed by Lee, which grossed over $128 million worldwide and received four , including Best Foreign Language Film. Other key productions included (2003), (2003), and (1995), often featuring ensemble casts and unconventional storytelling that challenged mainstream Hollywood norms. Good Machine operated on a lean model, adhering to internal "no-budget commandments" that stressed efficient resource allocation, such as minimizing overhead and maximizing creative control for filmmakers. This approach fostered a reputation for nurturing talent, with alumni like Holofcener and achieving sustained careers. By the early , the company's growth attracted corporate interest; in 2002, it was acquired by and merged with USA Films and to form , effectively ending its independent run as of 2003. The transition allowed Hope to pivot to new ventures, but Good Machine's legacy endures as a cornerstone of 1990s indie cinema, credited with producing films that collectively earned multiple Oscar nominations and Sundance accolades.

This Is That

was founded in 2002 by Ted Hope, Anthony Bregman, Anne Carey, and Diana Victor, all former colleagues from the recently sold . The company specialized in independent feature films, emphasizing innovative storytelling and collaboration with emerging directors in the post- era. Over its eight-year run, it produced 19 features, many of which garnered critical recognition and award nominations, including four Academy Award nods for Best Original Screenplay across its slate. Key releases included Adventureland (2009), a coming-of-age comedy-drama set in a rundown , directed by and starring and , which explored themes of post-college disillusionment and earned praise for its authentic depiction of early adulthood. The film was distributed by and grossed approximately $16 million worldwide on a $9.5 million budget. Another standout was Martha Marcy May Marlene (2011), a directed by featuring in her breakout role as a escaping a , which premiered at Sundance and received acclaim for its tense exploration of trauma and paranoia. Additional notable projects encompassed Super (2010), James Gunn's vigilante action-comedy starring and Ellen Page, and The American (2010), a contemplative assassin drama with that highlighted the company's range in genre and tone. These films often prioritized character-driven narratives over commercial formulas, aligning with Hope's advocacy for sustainable indie production models that favored artistic risk over blockbuster pursuits. By 2010, the partners shifted focus, with Hope eventually forming Double Hope Films and taking executive roles elsewhere, marking the effective end of This Is That as a primary entity.

Double Hope Films

Double Hope Films was co-founded in 2010 by Ted Hope and his wife, documentary filmmaker Vanessa Hope, shortly after the closure of Hope's prior company, This Is That Productions. The company operates as a boutique independent production entity, primarily serving as a creative home for the founders' personal projects in fiction and nonfiction filmmaking, with an emphasis on nurturing emerging voices in indie cinema. Headquartered in Santa Monica, California, it embodies a philosophy of resilience in independent production, as reflected in its tagline: "You need hope if you are making independent film. Might as well double it." The company's inaugural feature, (2011), directed by , marked its entry into narrative filmmaking; the satirical drama follows a delusional suburbanite's ill-fated engagement and premiered at the before a limited U.S. theatrical release in June 2012. Subsequent efforts have leaned toward documentaries, including Invisible Nation (2023), directed by Vanessa Hope, which chronicles Taiwan's democratic resistance against Chinese authoritarianism and features interviews with President ; the film premiered at the SXSW Film Festival and was distributed by Documentary Films. Double Hope Films maintains a selective slate, prioritizing passion-driven projects over high-volume output, with additional developments in features and series as of 2023.

Executive Positions

San Francisco Film Society

In August 2012, the San Francisco Film Society (SFFS) appointed Ted Hope as its executive director, effective September 1, citing his extensive experience in production as ideal for advancing the organization's mission amid industry changes. The SFFS, a nonprofit dedicated to promoting through programs like the , viewed Hope's leadership as key to evolving its role in supporting filmmakers and audiences. During his tenure, Hope oversaw operations for the 56th in 2013, which featured over 100 films and drew significant attendance, though specific programmatic innovations under his direct guidance were not extensively documented in contemporary reports. His brief role emphasized strategic positioning for indie film , leveraging his background from companies like . Hope stepped down as on December 31, 2013, after serving slightly more than a year, to facilitate a leadership transition while joining the SFFS advisory board in an ongoing advisory capacity. The departure was described by the organization as amicable, with Hope assisting in handover efforts to the staff and board.

Amazon Studios

In January 2015, Ted Hope joined Amazon Studios as Head of Production for Original Movies, launching the company's initial efforts in feature film production. He led the oversight of the studio's prestige film slate, encompassing development, production, and acquisitions aimed at high-quality independent and auteur-driven projects. During his tenure, Amazon Studios' films earned 19 Academy Award nominations across categories such as Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actor, securing five wins, including for Manchester by the Sea (2016) in Best Original Screenplay and The Lost Daughter (2021) in technical categories. Hope's role emphasized fostering creative autonomy within a streaming , prioritizing films with artistic merit over broad commercial appeal, though he navigated tensions between indie sensibilities and corporate data-driven strategies. In 2018, he was promoted to Co-Head of Movies, sharing leadership responsibilities under studio chief Jennifer Salke and expanding the team's focus on diverse, narrative-driven content. Key projects under his supervision included acquisitions like (2017) and originals such as One Night in Miami... (2020), which contributed to Amazon's growing awards presence. On May 28, 2020, Hope announced his resignation from the Co-Head position, effective early June, citing a desire to return to hands-on producing after five and a half years in executive oversight. He transitioned into a multi-year with Amazon Studios, allowing him to develop and produce for the platform while providing ongoing consultation on select projects. This arrangement preserved his influence on 's indie-leaning output amid industry shifts toward streaming dominance.

Advocacy and Industry Influence

MPAA Screener Ban Campaign

In September 2003, the , under president , announced a voluntary ban among its member studios on distributing screener copies—physical media such as DVDs or tapes—of unreleased films to voters and other guild members, citing the need to curb digital piracy amid rising unauthorized online distribution of films like The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King. The policy, agreed to by major studios on September 30, 2003, allowed for in-person screenings but disproportionately affected independent producers, who lacked the resources for widespread hosted events and relied on screeners to generate awards-season buzz essential for limited theatrical releases and revenue. Ted Hope, an independent producer known for films like , spearheaded opposition by authoring and distributing a detailed "" outlining the ban's long-term damage to indie cinema, including stifled competition and barriers to awards recognition that could cost producers millions in box-office returns. He mobilized filmmakers through the Independent Feature Project, framing the ban not as an anti-piracy measure but as an antitrust effort by majors to consolidate power over the awards process. Hope testified in federal court and coordinated public protests, including threats of boycotts, arguing that piracy concerns were overstated since screeners had included anti-copying technologies and that the real intent was to disadvantage non-MPAA affiliates. On November 24, 2003, Hope joined a coalition of independents—including directors and , producer John Sloss, and distributor Richard Abramopoulos—in filing an antitrust lawsuit against the MPAA in U.S. District Court in , alleging to restrain trade and erect barriers to competition by coercing studios into the ban. U.S. District Judge granted a preliminary on December 5, 2003, ruling that plaintiffs demonstrated irreparable harm through likely revenue losses, as awards contention drove up to 50% of indie box-office earnings, and that the ban violated antitrust principles by favoring majors' alternative distribution methods. The MPAA appealed the decision but faced industry backlash, leading to the ban's effective suspension and the resumption of screener distribution for the 2004 awards season. Hope's campaign, credited with "beating Valenti," highlighted independents' vulnerability to MPAA policies and set a precedent for legal challenges against self-regulatory actions perceived as anti-competitive, though critics noted ongoing risks persisted without comprehensive technological solutions.

Broader Views on Film Industry Reform

Hope has long critiqued the independent film sector as fundamentally unsustainable, arguing that it fails to support ambitious, artist-driven work due to exploitative financing, shrinking distribution options, and a shift toward marketability over creative risk. In a 2020 analysis, he diagnosed indie film as "dead," pointing to distributors' insistence on films grossing at least $2 million domestically for acquisitions, with minimum guarantees often exceeding $300,000 tied to such thresholds, which squeezes out niche or experimental projects. He highlighted how foreign sales have dwindled amid narrowed pipelines reliant on U.S. performance, while finishing funds and presales extract 20% or more of budgets, leaving producers and filmmakers undercapitalized. In extensive lists compiled on his , enumerated dozens of systemic failures, including the absence of a dedicated class with mechanisms, inequitable shares favoring aggregators over creators, and outdated foreign models that undervalue pre-release . He criticized high ticket prices and single-film strategies that deter broad audiences, alongside the industry's neglect of data ownership, countermeasures, and , which exacerbate leakage. shortcomings, such as failing to build filmmaker-owned audiences or integrate merchandise and events, further compound these issues, as does the lack of with tech or music sectors to innovate delivery. attributes persistence of these problems to insiders' complacency, asserting in 2025 that stakeholders prefer the dysfunctional status quo because it preserves their privileges, resisting repairs despite evident mediocrity. For reform, Hope advocates regulatory interventions in streaming to prioritize cultural output over pure profit, citing the U.K.'s mandate for platforms to allocate 25% of content spend to third-party programming as a model that fosters diversity without stifling business. He supports protectionist policies, like South Korea's quotas for domestic content, to safeguard national cinema against global homogenization and ensure specificity in storytelling enhances universal appeal. Among other proposals, he calls for an "artists' bill of rights" to curb exploitative contracts and perpetual labor imbalances, alongside sustainable micro-financing models that reward experimentation rather than blockbuster mimicry. Hope urges filmmakers to prioritize audience ownership through data and pre-release engagement, evolve festivals into advocacy hubs, and foster tech education to integrate innovations like multi-product platforms and event-driven releases. These changes, he contends, could revive indie cinema by aligning economics with artistic integrity, though he laments the industry's reluctance to act.

Achievements and Legacy

Notable Films and Awards

Ted Hope's productions have garnered significant recognition, with over 70 films collectively earning 25 Academy Award nominations and six wins. He holds the distinction of being one of only two producers whose films have won the Sundance Film Festival's Grand Jury Prize three times: What Happened Was... (1994), directed by Tom Noonan; The Brothers McMullen (1995), directed by Edward Burns; and American Splendor (2003), directed by Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini. Key Oscar-winning films include Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004), produced through his company This Is That and awarded Best Original Screenplay for Charlie Kaufman's script. During Hope's tenure co-heading movies at Amazon Studios from 2016 to 2020, the division oversaw productions such as Manchester by the Sea (2016), which won Best Original Screenplay for Kenneth Lonergan's script, and The Salesman (2016), which secured Best Foreign Language Film. Amazon films under his leadership amassed 19 Oscar nominations and five wins overall. Other acclaimed works include (2003), nominated for two Oscars including Best Supporting Actor for ; The Savages (2007), with two nominations for Best Actress () and Best Original Screenplay; and (2017), nominated for Best Original Screenplay. These successes underscore Hope's role in championing independent cinema that achieves both artistic and awards prestige.

Impact on Independent Cinema

Ted Hope co-founded the production and sales company in 1990 with , establishing a model that integrated development, financing, production, and distribution for independent films, which allowed for efficient support of multiple low-budget projects by emerging talent. This approach enabled to produce or executive produce over two dozen films in its initial decade, including early works by directors such as (, 1993; , 1992), (, 1996), and (, 1995), fostering a generation of filmmakers who prioritized narrative innovation over commercial formulas. Through , Hope championed micro-budget strategies, often capping productions at under $1 million, which minimized financial risk while maximizing creative freedom and yielding critical successes; for instance, (1995) by explored psychological themes in everyday settings, influencing subsequent indie explorations of personal alienation. The company's sale to in 2002, forming the basis of , extended this indie ethos into a hybrid structure that sustained artist-driven projects amid rising studio involvement, with films like (2000) grossing over $128 million worldwide and earning four , demonstrating the scalability of Hope's risk-diversified portfolio method. Hope's subsequent ventures, including This Is That (founded 2006) and Double Hope Films (2011), continued this legacy by producing character-focused narratives such as Blue Valentine (2010) and (2013), both of which received Academy Award nominations and highlighted his commitment to authentic storytelling over market-driven spectacle. His overall body of work, encompassing over 70 films, has garnered 12 Oscar nominations collectively, underscoring a tangible impact in elevating independent cinema's artistic credibility and audience engagement during the 1990s boom and beyond. Hope's emphasis on producer-filmmaker partnerships and audience seeding via festivals further democratized access, though he has critiqued post-2000s consolidations for eroding these gains, arguing in industry forums for decoupled indie ecosystems to preserve cultural vitality.

Filmography

Feature Films

Ted Hope has produced over 70 feature films across his career, focusing predominantly on independent narratives that support emerging filmmakers and innovative storytelling. His credits span early collaborations with directors like and through , to later projects under and his tenure at Amazon Studios. The following table lists selected notable feature films where Hope received producer or credit, in chronological order:
YearTitleRole
1993Producer
1997The Ice StormProducer
1998Producer
2003Producer
2003Producer
2006Producer
2009AdventurelandProducer
2010SuperProducer
2016Producer
2021The Tender BarProducer
2023Producer
These films exemplify Hope's emphasis on character-driven stories and auteur-driven projects, many of which garnered critical acclaim and awards nominations.

Television Productions

Hope served as on the television film (2002), a dramatization of the 1998 murder of in , derived from over 200 interviews conducted by the Tectonic Theater Project. The production, directed by , featured an ensemble cast including , , and , and aired on on March 10, 2002. Through his company , Hope collaborated with on the project, which explored community responses to the and received critical acclaim for its documentary-style approach. The film earned nominations at the , including for Outstanding Made for Television Movie, with Hope credited as executive producer alongside Declan Baldwin, Peter Cane, Anne Carey, and Roy Gabay. It also garnered recognition from the for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Movies for Television and . Hope's role highlighted Good Machine's expansion into prestige television content during the early , though his primary focus remained on independent feature films. Beyond this project, Hope's direct production credits in television are minimal, with no other series or TV films verifiably attributed to him in major industry databases or announcements as of 2025. His tenure at Amazon Studios from 2016 to 2020 emphasized feature films rather than episodic television.

References

  1. https://www.[indiewire](/page/IndieWire).com/features/general/producer-ted-hope-amazon-studios-1202234119/
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.