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UTC+07:00
UTC+07:00
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Time in Russia
  KALT Kaliningrad Time UTC+2 (MSK−1)
  MSK Moscow Time UTC+3 (MSK±0)
  SAMT Samara Time UTC+4 (MSK+1)
  YEKT Yekaterinburg Time UTC+5 (MSK+2)
  OMST Omsk Time UTC+6 (MSK+3)
  KRAT Krasnoyarsk Time UTC+7 (MSK+4)
  IRKT Irkutsk Time UTC+8 (MSK+5)
  YAKT Yakutsk Time UTC+9 (MSK+6)
  VLAT Vladivostok Time UTC+10 (MSK+7)
  MAGT Magadan Time UTC+11 (MSK+8)
  PETT Kamchatka Time UTC+12 (MSK+9)

Key Information

Time in Mongolia
Western Mongolia Time (UTC+7)
Eastern Mongolia Time (UTC+8)
Time in Indonesia
see caption
Map of time zones of Indonesia
Western Indonesia Time UTC offsetUTC+07:00
Central Indonesia Time UTC offsetUTC+08:00
Eastern Indonesia Time UTC offsetUTC+09:00
Adopted1 January 1988
Time notation24-hour clock
tz databaseAsia/Jakarta · Asia/Pontianak · Asia/Makassar · Asia/Jayapura

UTC+07:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +07:00. In ISO 8601, the associated time would be written as 2025-11-01T02:44:05+07:00. It is seven hours ahead of UTC, meaning that when the time in UTC is midnight (00:00), the time in areas using the time zone would be 07:00.

Also known as Indochina Time (ICT) and Western Indonesian Time (Indonesian: Waktu Indonesia Barat, WIB) (in Indonesia), it is used in:

As standard time (year-round)

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Principal cities: Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Khovd, Hanoi, Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh City, Phnom Penh, Vientiane, Bangkok, Medan, Palembang, Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Pontianak, Flying Fish Cove.

North Asia

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East Asia

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It is considered the westernmost time zone in East Asia.

Southeast Asia

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Oceania

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Indian Ocean

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Antarctica

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Southern Ocean

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Discrepancies between official UTC+07:00 and geographical UTC+07:00

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Since legal, political, and economic in addition to physical or geographical criteria are used in the drawing of time zones, it follows that official time zones do not precisely adhere to meridian lines. The UTC+07:00 time zone, were it drawn by purely geographical terms, would consist of exactly the area between meridians 97°30′ E and 112°30′ E. As a result, there are places which, despite lying in an area with a "physical" UTC+07:00 time, actually use another time zone. Conversely, there are areas that have adopted UTC+07:00, even though their "physical" time zone is UTC+08:00, UTC+06:00, or even UTC+05:00.

Areas within UTC+07:00 longitudes using other time zones

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This concerns areas within 97°30′ E to 112°30′ E longitude.

Using UTC+06:30:

  • Eastern part of Myanmar

Using UTC+08:00:

Using UTC+09:00:

Areas outside UTC+07:00 longitudes using UTC+07:00 time

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Areas between 67°30′ E and 97°30′ E ("physical" UTC+05:00 and UTC+06:00)

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Areas between 112°30′ E and 127°30′ E ("physical" UTC+08:00)

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Historical time offsets

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Kansu-Szechwan (UTC+07:00) is marked green in this map.

The Republic of China's offset for this time zone was Kansu-Szechwan, and was used until 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party took control of Mainland China following the Chinese Civil War and made UTC+08:00 the standard time for all areas under its control. Formerly, from 1918 to 1949, this time offset was used in eastern Xikang and Qinghai, central Outer Mongolia (1921–1924), and all of Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Ningxia, Suiyuan, Gansu, Sichuan, and Shaanxi.

This time zone was also the standard time in Malaysia and Singapore between 1 June 1905 and 31 December 1932.

See also

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
UTC+07:00 is a time offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), representing a fixed difference of seven hours ahead of UTC, used as the basis for local time in various regions worldwide. This offset defines standard time in multiple Asian countries and territories, where local clocks are set permanently to UTC+07:00 without observing daylight saving time. The time zone is observed under several names, including Indochina Time (ICT) in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam; Western Indonesian Time (WIB) in the western part of Indonesia; Krasnoyarsk Time (KRAT) in Russia's Krasnoyarsk Krai and surrounding areas; Khovd Standard Time (HOVT) in western Mongolia; Christmas Island Time (CXT) on Christmas Island (Australia); and Davis Time (DAVT) at the Davis Station in Antarctica. These regions span Southeast Asia, parts of Central Asia, and isolated territories, facilitating coordinated activities across a vast longitudinal area. Unlike some other offsets, UTC+07:00 is generally fixed year-round, promoting consistency in international trade, travel, and communications for the approximately 440 million people it affects (as of 2023).

Overview

Definition and Characteristics

UTC+07:00 denotes a time zone with a fixed offset of seven hours ahead of (UTC). This offset means that when it is noon UTC, the local time in UTC+07:00 regions is 7:00 p.m. The zone is primarily associated with parts of , where it aligns with practices without seasonal adjustments. In adopting regions, UTC+07:00 serves as the year-round , with no observance of (DST) as of 2025. This fixed nature simplifies scheduling and avoids the clock changes common in DST-observing areas, contributing to consistent daily routines across affected populations. Prominent urban centers in this time zone include , , home to approximately 11.6 million residents as of 2025; , , with about 11.4 million people as of 2025; and , , population roughly 8.8 million as of 2025. For software and system implementations, UTC+07:00 is managed through (IANA) time zone database identifiers, including Asia/Bangkok for Indochina Time, Asia/Jakarta for Western Indonesian Time, and Asia/Krasnoyarsk for . These identifiers ensure precise handling of the offset in global computing environments without DST transitions.

Global Context and Longitude Alignment

The UTC+07:00 time offset corresponds theoretically to the longitudinal band spanning from 97.5° E to 112.5° E, derived from the standard division of 's 360° into 24 zones of 15° each, centered on the meridian at 105° E (7 × 15°). As the seventh of the positive UTC offsets in the global 24-hour system, UTC+07:00 primarily aligns with regions in , facilitating standardized coordination across international datelines and meridians established by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). This offset borders to the west (82.5° E to 97.5° E) and to the east (112.5° E to 127.5° E), creating interfaces that affect cross-border trade, transportation schedules, and communication protocols in Asian economic corridors. In terms of solar alignment, UTC+07:00 deviates from based on ; for instance, at 100° E, true solar noon occurs approximately 20 minutes earlier than clock noon under this offset, as the ideal solar offset there is UTC+6:40 (100° / 15° per hour).

Current Usage as Standard Time

North and Central Asia

In Russia, UTC+07:00 is observed as (KRAT) across several federal subjects in central and southern , including , the republics of , , and Altai, as well as following time zone mergers in the post-2010 reforms. These reforms, initiated in 2010 to reduce the number of time zones from 11 to 9 and abolish , involved aligning with KRAT in 2016 by shifting it from UTC+06:00, effectively merging it into the broader zone; remains adjacent but operates on the distinct UTC+08:00 (Irkutsk Time). The zone encompasses approximately 9 million people and covers about 3 million square kilometers, predominantly in remote Siberian territories vital to 's resource economy. This time offset supports coordination in Siberia's energy and mining sectors, where operations in oil, gas, and mineral extraction—such as those in Krasnoyarsk Krai's vast hydrocarbon fields—benefit from standardized timing that aligns local activities with national infrastructure and avoids the disruptions of former DST practices. No daylight saving time is applied in these regions, maintaining a fixed UTC+07:00 year-round to facilitate consistent scheduling in harsh, low-population-density areas focused on industrial output rather than urban commerce. In , , known as Hovd Time (HOVT), has been adopted in the western provinces of Khovd, Uvs, and Bayan-Ölgii since 2017, setting them one hour behind the country's eastern standard used in and most other areas. This division reflects geographical and cultural considerations for the remote, ethnically diverse western aimags bordering and , where local more closely aligns with the offset, aiding cross-border interactions without complicating national unity. The western zone serves a of around ,000 across arid steppes and mountainous , emphasizing and economies that operate independently from the capital's rhythm. Like the rest of , HOVT does not observe , ensuring stable timing for seasonal herding and resource activities in these isolated regions.

East and Southeast Asia

In East and , UTC+07:00 serves as the across several nations, primarily in the Indochina region and western parts of , facilitating coordination in trade, transportation, and daily life in densely populated urban centers. This offset, known locally as Indochina Time (ICT) in much of the area, was adopted during the early under colonial influences to standardize timekeeping across territories. Countries using it include , , , , and the western provinces of Indonesia, where it aligns closely with the region's longitudinal position near the 105th meridian east. Vietnam has observed UTC+07:00 nationwide since May 1, 1911, when transitioned from (approximately UTC+07:06) to this uniform offset, encompassing major cities such as in the north and in the south. This standardization supported administrative efficiency during French colonial rule and has remained in place post-independence, with no (DST) implemented since 1945 following the reversion from wartime adjustments to Japanese time (UTC+09:00). The , identified by the IANA as Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh, ensures consistent scheduling for Vietnam's economic hubs, including its capital and largest port. Thailand adopted UTC+07:00 on April 1, 1920, shifting from Mean Time (UTC+06:42) to align with the 105th meridian east, a change that covered the entire country and is now referred to as Indochina Time or Time. This adjustment advanced clocks by about 18 minutes and has been uninterrupted since, with Thailand never observing DST. The IANA designation /Bangkok reflects this stable usage, supporting the nation's centralized timekeeping in and across its provinces. uses UTC+07:00 as Time, adopted in 1911 alongside other parts of , moving from (UTC+06:51) to facilitate regional synchronization. Similarly, follows Time at UTC+07:00 since 1911, transitioning from its (UTC+06:50), with both countries maintaining this offset year-round without DST under IANA identifiers /Phnom_Penh and /Vientiane, respectively. These adoptions during the French colonial era promoted unity in and across the Indochinese peninsula. In , UTC+07:00 applies to the Western Indonesia Time (WIB) zone, covering , , Madura, and parts of (including West and provinces), home to approximately 220 million people—over 75% of the nation's total population. WIB was formalized in the mid-20th century following earlier variations, with standardizing to UTC+07:00 in 1968 after wartime and post-independence shifts, as documented in the IANA /Jakarta entry. No DST has been used in these regions, emphasizing the zone's role in Indonesia's economic core, where alone hosts over 150 million residents in industrial and agricultural activities.

Oceania and Indian Ocean Territories

In the Indian Ocean territories of Australia, UTC+07:00 serves as the standard time for Christmas Island, a remote coral atoll located approximately 360 km south of Java, Indonesia. The island observes Christmas Island Time (CXT), fixed at UTC+07:00 year-round without daylight saving adjustments, placing it one hour behind Western Australia Standard Time (AWST, UTC+08:00) and three hours behind Eastern Australia Standard Time (AEST, UTC+10:00). This offset aligns CXT with Western Indonesian Time (WIB), the predominant time zone in Indonesia, which supports economic ties through phosphate exports, fishing, and tourism. The resident population is approximately 2,000, primarily concentrated in settlements like Flying Fish Cove. The nearby Cocos (Keeling) Islands, another Australian external territory about 2,760 km northwest of Perth, historically observed UTC+07:00 but transitioned to Cocos Islands Time (CCT, UTC+06:30) year-round to better suit local solar alignment and community needs. No other permanent settlements or major islands in Oceania or the Indian Ocean under Australian administration currently use UTC+07:00 as standard time; most Pacific regions, including eastern Australia and neighboring island nations, align with UTC+10:00 or later offsets. This positioning of Christmas Island enhances its role in regional maritime navigation and aviation routes connecting to Southeast Asia, where UTC+07:00 is widely adopted.

Antarctica and Southern Ocean Stations

UTC+07:00 is employed at a limited number of Antarctic research stations, reflecting the continent's flexible approach to timekeeping where solar alignment is often secondary to logistical coordination with distant support bases. These stations, operated by Australia and Russia, maintain this offset year-round to synchronize operations, communications, and supply chains with their respective national infrastructures, despite the polar region's extended periods of continuous daylight or darkness that render traditional time zones less relevant for daily rhythms. The Australian-operated , located in the Hills at 77°58′E, observes Davis Time (DAVT) as without daylight saving adjustments. This choice, reverted to in March 2010 after a brief shift to in 2009, supports efficient collaboration with other Australian Antarctic facilities and Hobart-based logistics, even though the station's longitude would nominally align closer to UTC+05:00. The station hosts around 30 personnel during winter, conducting year-round research in , , and . Russia's Vostok Station, situated inland at 78°28′S 106°48′E, also uses UTC+07:00 year-round, closely matching its longitude (105°E marking the standard meridian for this offset). Established in 1957, the station overwinters a small crew of about 13-15 scientists focused on ice core drilling and climate studies, with timekeeping aligned to facilitate coordination from Russian bases in East Antarctica and Asian supply routes. Similarly, the coastal Mirny Station at 66°33′S 93°01′E adopts UTC+07:00, supporting meteorological and oceanographic research for up to 70 summer personnel and 20 in winter; its offset aids seamless integration with Vostok logistics despite a longitude nearer to UTC+06:00. These Russian stations prioritize operational consistency over strict longitudinal adherence, drawing from supply chains originating in regions like Siberia. As of November 2025, no alterations to these implementations have occurred since their stabilization in the early , underscoring the stability of polar station time protocols amid ongoing international research collaborations. While field camps or temporary outposts may occasionally adopt for short-term alignment with parent stations like Vostok, no other permanent facilities use this offset, highlighting its niche application in the Southern Ocean's research ecosystem.

Geographical Discrepancies

Areas Inside UTC+07:00 Longitudes Using Alternative Time Zones

Eastern , encompassing regions such as and , lies within the 97.5° E to 101° E portion of the longitude band but observes (MMT) at UTC+06:30. This offset was reaffirmed following in 1948, continuing a practice established earlier in the 20th century based on the 97°30' E meridian. The affected population exceeds 6.8 million, primarily in (approximately 6.5 million residents as of 2025) and (around 0.35 million as of 2025), where solar noon deviates by up to about 15 minutes from local clock time. Central Mongolia, including the capital at approximately 106.9° E, falls squarely within the longitude band yet uses Ulaanbaatar Time (ULAT) at nationwide, a adopted in to simplify operations across the country's expanse. This deviation affects over 3 million people in the central region, shifting local time ahead of solar alignment by roughly one hour. Peninsular Malaysia, spanning longitudes from about 99° E to 104° E, also deviates by observing Time (MYT) at , synchronized with eastern Malaysia since 1982 for national unity despite the western peninsula's geographical fit for UTC+07:00. This affects a population of over 20 million in states like and , where clocks run approximately 64 to 84 minutes ahead of mean . As of 2025, no significant additional intrusions from occur within the core 97.5° E to 112.5° E band beyond these examples, though minor adjustments in Indonesian territories near 105° E occasionally align with for administrative reasons. These deviations create practical challenges, particularly at s; for instance, the 30-minute difference between Myanmar's UTC+06:30 and Thailand's complicates cross- trade schedules, requiring adjustments in logistics and market hours along shared frontiers like Mae Sot-Myawaddy.

Areas Outside UTC+07:00 Longitudes Adopting This Offset

Parts of in , extending up to approximately 115° E longitude, observe Western Indonesian Time (WIB, UTC+07:00) rather than the geographically aligned Central Indonesian Time (WITA, ). This adoption prioritizes national unity and economic coordination with the more populous western regions of the country, such as and , which also use WIB. The change occurred on January 1, 1988, when the offset shifted from to UTC+07:00, resulting in areas like Palangkaraya effectively turning back their clocks by one hour to synchronize with the national standard. In these eastern extensions of , the use of creates a deviation from local . For instance, locations near 115° E experience mean approximately 7 hours and 40 minutes ahead of UTC, making local noon occur about 40 minutes before 12:00 under WIB. This offset, while convenient for administrative purposes, underscores the for political and logistical alignment over strict astronomical correspondence in time zone assignments.

Historical Development

Early Adoption and Pre-20th Century Usage

Before the widespread adoption of standardized international time zones in the , regions aligned with what would later become UTC+07:00 relied on (LMT), calculated from solar observations at specific meridians to approximate a seven-hour offset from (GMT). These practices emerged in the late amid growing needs for coordination in transportation and colonial administration, though no formal UTC system existed until the , when GMT-based offsets began to solidify globally. Timekeeping was thus decentralized, with clocks set according to the apparent or mean position of the sun, varying slightly by location but clustering around longitudes of 105°E for a +7-hour equivalence. In Siam (present-day ), the introduction of railways in the necessitated more consistent time signals, leading to the use of Bangkok Mean Time (BMT) from approximately onward. BMT, based on the 100°31'E meridian, equated to roughly UTC+06:42, serving as the standard for railway schedules and official purposes until 1920. This local solar-based system reflected the kingdom's efforts to modernize without yet aligning to an exact hourly GMT offset. Colonial authorities in French Indochina (encompassing modern Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) formalized a +7-hour equivalent in 1906, transitioning from Saigon LMT (UTC+07:06:40) to a standardized offset of UTC+07:06:30, calibrated to the Hanoi meridian at about 105°50'E. This change, effective July 1, 1906, aimed to unify time across the colony for administrative and telegraphic efficiency, further adjusting to exact UTC+07:00 by May 1, 1911. The adoption drew on French astronomical practices but adapted to local longitudes, predating broader Indochina-wide synchronization. In the and early , Siberia's region used based on the 90°–105°E meridians, approximating UTC+07:00. Following the 1917 Revolution, the Soviet government established standardized time zones in and refined them in 1930, designating the zone (including ) as UTC+07:00 (, KRAT) for railway and administrative coordination, transitioning from solar-based LMT without DST initially. In , prior to the Republic's establishment in 1912, provinces in the Kansu-Szechwan (Gansu-Sichuan) region adhered to local solar times approximating , based on meridians around 105°E, without national standardization. Following the , the new government proposed five zonal offsets in 1912, including Kansu-Szechwan Time at for the mid-western interior; this was implemented regionally by 1918 but saw initial shifts and inconsistencies through 1913 as local observatories transitioned from traditional clepsydra and methods to GMT-referenced clocks. These early efforts highlighted the challenges of unifying vast territories reliant on solar observations, though enforcement remained uneven until .

20th and 21st Century Changes

adopted UTC+07:00 on April 1, 1920, transitioning from Bangkok Mean Time (approximately UTC+06:42) to align with neighboring Indochina Time for improved trade and communication; the country has maintained this offset without DST since then. In the (modern ), time zones were formalized on November 1, 1932, with the western region—including and —using UTC+07:20 initially. During Japanese occupation from March 1942 to September 1945, the entire archipelago switched to UTC+09:00 for uniformity under wartime control. Post-independence, the western zone reverted to UTC+07:30 until May 1964, when restructured into three zones: Western Indonesian Time (WIB, UTC+07:00), Central Indonesian Time (WITA, UTC+08:00), and Eastern Indonesian Time (WIT, UTC+09:00), reflecting geographical longitude and economic ties; no DST has been used. A minor 1988 adjustment shifted some western areas, like parts of and , to UTC+08:00, but preserved the UTC+07:00 core for most of the region. For isolated territories, (Australia) transitioned from UTC+06:30 to (Christmas Island Time, CXT) on November 1, 1981, to align with regional communications, without DST. In , adopted (Davis Time, DAVT) on October 1, 2009, shifting from for better solar noon alignment during austral summer operations. experienced significant shifts amid political division. The unified country followed until the late 1950s. On December 31, 1959, advanced to UTC+08:00 to better synchronize with international allies, while retained . Following reunification, reverted to on June 13, 1975, restoring national uniformity without DST. In , the Kansu-Szechwan zone (UTC+07:00) continued regionally until 1949, when the standardized the entire country on (), abolishing other offsets for national unity, though western areas occasionally used local time . In the 21st century, Mongolia's far-western provinces (Khovd, Uvs, and Bayan-Ölgii) adopted UTC+07:00 (, HOVT) on September 23, 2016, diverging from the national to better match local and reduce economic disparities with neighboring ; this change coincided with the abolition of DST nationwide effective March 2017, ending prior seasonal adjustments that had run from 1983–1998, 2001–2006, and 2015–2016 in the west. No further changes as of 2025.

References

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