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Zelle
Zelle (/zɛl/) is an American digital payments network run by a private financial services company owned by the banks Bank of America, Truist, Capital One, JPMorgan Chase, PNC Bank, U.S. Bank, and Wells Fargo. The Zelle service enables individuals to electronically transfer money from their bank account to another registered user's bank account (within the United States) using a mobile device or the website of a participating banking institution. Transfers between bank accounts of registered users are typically completed within minutes. There is currently no fee or charge on the transaction to users. Instead, participating banking institutions are charged a fee per transaction.
The Zelle service was launched in June 2017, as the successor to the clearXchange payment service. Zelle has expanded, and as of 2022 eighty percent of the US population could connect to Zelle through their banking app, with support by over 1,600 financial institutions. It has been criticized for being a platform that has facilitated online financial fraud in the United States. In 2022, at a Senate Banking Committee hearing, it was censured for not giving refunds to people who were tricked by criminals using Zelle.
In April 2025, Zelle shut down their standalone app, requiring all users to interact with Zelle through their bank's own app.
In April 2011, the clearXchange service was launched. It was originally owned and operated by Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, and Wells Fargo. The service offered person-to-person (P2P), business-to-consumer (B2C), and government-to-consumer (G2C) payments.
For person-to-person payments, clearXchange enabled users to send money to other registered users having accounts at participating banks in the United States. Users accessed the network within the websites and apps of member financial institutions, and through clearXchange's website. The network connected with existing bank accounts, so consumers would not need to fund a separate account to use the service. This feature and the lack of fees for using the service were highlighted as advantages for competition with other person-to-person payment services such as PayPal, Popmoney, and Square. The system associated each user bank account with an email address and mobile phone number, so only the recipient's email address or mobile number was needed to send money directly from a bank account to the bank account of another person who had signed up for the service.
The number of financial institutions affiliated with clearXchange grew to include other banks and credit unions. Capital One and US Bank were added as additional owner-members. In June 2015, clearXchange announced the availability of a real-time payment system. Some transactions could take as much as five days or longer to be completed.
In January 2016, clearXchange was sold to Early Warning Services, LLC, owned by Bank of America, Truist, Capital One, JPMorgan Chase, PNC Bank, US Bank, and Wells Fargo.
In September 2017, Early Warning Services released the Zelle payment system and mobile app and announced that all clearXchange "person-to-person" payment service accounts would be deactivated in December 2017. After that, clearXchange stopped supporting person-to-person payments but continued to provide payments from companies and government entities to certain customers. The company encouraged the former users of clearXchange to sign up for the new Zelle service. As in the former clearXchange service, payees are identified in the Zelle service by an association between the recipient's bank account and an email address or mobile phone number. Money sent to a registered payee who has an account at a financial institution that is a member of the Zelle network is typically available to the recipient "within minutes".
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Zelle
Zelle (/zɛl/) is an American digital payments network run by a private financial services company owned by the banks Bank of America, Truist, Capital One, JPMorgan Chase, PNC Bank, U.S. Bank, and Wells Fargo. The Zelle service enables individuals to electronically transfer money from their bank account to another registered user's bank account (within the United States) using a mobile device or the website of a participating banking institution. Transfers between bank accounts of registered users are typically completed within minutes. There is currently no fee or charge on the transaction to users. Instead, participating banking institutions are charged a fee per transaction.
The Zelle service was launched in June 2017, as the successor to the clearXchange payment service. Zelle has expanded, and as of 2022 eighty percent of the US population could connect to Zelle through their banking app, with support by over 1,600 financial institutions. It has been criticized for being a platform that has facilitated online financial fraud in the United States. In 2022, at a Senate Banking Committee hearing, it was censured for not giving refunds to people who were tricked by criminals using Zelle.
In April 2025, Zelle shut down their standalone app, requiring all users to interact with Zelle through their bank's own app.
In April 2011, the clearXchange service was launched. It was originally owned and operated by Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, and Wells Fargo. The service offered person-to-person (P2P), business-to-consumer (B2C), and government-to-consumer (G2C) payments.
For person-to-person payments, clearXchange enabled users to send money to other registered users having accounts at participating banks in the United States. Users accessed the network within the websites and apps of member financial institutions, and through clearXchange's website. The network connected with existing bank accounts, so consumers would not need to fund a separate account to use the service. This feature and the lack of fees for using the service were highlighted as advantages for competition with other person-to-person payment services such as PayPal, Popmoney, and Square. The system associated each user bank account with an email address and mobile phone number, so only the recipient's email address or mobile number was needed to send money directly from a bank account to the bank account of another person who had signed up for the service.
The number of financial institutions affiliated with clearXchange grew to include other banks and credit unions. Capital One and US Bank were added as additional owner-members. In June 2015, clearXchange announced the availability of a real-time payment system. Some transactions could take as much as five days or longer to be completed.
In January 2016, clearXchange was sold to Early Warning Services, LLC, owned by Bank of America, Truist, Capital One, JPMorgan Chase, PNC Bank, US Bank, and Wells Fargo.
In September 2017, Early Warning Services released the Zelle payment system and mobile app and announced that all clearXchange "person-to-person" payment service accounts would be deactivated in December 2017. After that, clearXchange stopped supporting person-to-person payments but continued to provide payments from companies and government entities to certain customers. The company encouraged the former users of clearXchange to sign up for the new Zelle service. As in the former clearXchange service, payees are identified in the Zelle service by an association between the recipient's bank account and an email address or mobile phone number. Money sent to a registered payee who has an account at a financial institution that is a member of the Zelle network is typically available to the recipient "within minutes".