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Adams Prize
Adams Prize
Adams Prize
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The Adams Prize is a prize[1] awarded each year by the Faculty of Mathematics at St John's College to a UK-based mathematician for distinguished research in mathematical sciences.

The prize is named after the mathematician John Couch Adams and was endowed by members of St John's College and approved by the senate of the university in 1848, to commemorate Adams' role in the discovery of the planet Neptune. Originally open only to Cambridge graduates, the current stipulation is that the mathematician must reside in the UK and be under forty years of age.[2]

The Adams Prize is awarded in three parts: the first is paid directly to the candidate; another third is paid to the candidate's institution to fund research expenses; and the final third is paid on publication of a survey paper in the winner's field in a major mathematics journal.

The prize has been awarded to many well-known mathematicians, including James Clerk Maxwell and Sir William Hodge. The first female recipient, in 2002, was Susan Howson, then a lecturer at the University of Nottingham, for her work on number theory and elliptic curves.

Subject area

[edit]
  • 2015–16: Applied analysis[3]
  • 2016–17: Statistical analysis of big data[4]
  • 2017–18: The mathematics of astronomy and cosmology[5]
  • 2018–19: The mathematics of networks[6]

Partial list of prize winners

[edit]

The complete list of prize winners can be found on the Adams Prize webpage, on the University of Cambridge website. The following partial list is compiled from internet sources:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Adams Prize

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from Grokipedia
The Adams Prize is one of the University of Cambridge's oldest and most prestigious awards in , presented annually to a researcher under the age of 40 affiliated with a institution for distinguished work in a designated area of the field. Established in the 19th century by members of , the prize honors , the British mathematician and astronomer renowned for his independent calculation of Neptune's position in 1845 based on irregularities in Uranus's orbit, a discovery that rivaled Urbain Le Verrier's contemporaneous work. The award rotates through specific mathematical topics each year, with the 2026 prize focusing on . Eligibility requires applicants to hold a position at a university or institution by October 31 of the award year, though the age limit may be adjusted in exceptional cases; applications, including a , key publications, and a two-page summary, are submitted to the Faculty of by the same deadline. The prize carries a monetary value of approximately £30,000, divided such that one-third goes directly to the winner, one-third to their institution, and the final third upon the publication of a substantial article based on the awarded research. Among its notable past recipients are luminaries such as James Clerk Maxwell (awarded in 1857 for work on Saturn's rings), , , and (1966, for work on the geometrical problems of relativity), underscoring the prize's role in recognizing groundbreaking advancements that often influence broader scientific progress. Recent winners include Dr. Theo Assiotis and Dr. Giuseppe Cannizzaro in 2025 for the mathematics of , and Dr. Heather Harrington and Dr. Luitgard Veraart in 2019 for the mathematics of networks.

History

Establishment

The Adams Prize was established in 1848 by members of , who endowed the award to honor outstanding contributions in . The initiative was approved by the Senate later that year, following a proposal from college fellows motivated by recent astronomical achievements. The prize was dedicated to , a and affiliated with St John's College, in recognition of his independent calculation of Neptune's position in 1845–1846, derived from observed perturbations in Uranus's orbit. This work, accomplished without prior knowledge of similar efforts by , highlighted Adams's analytical prowess in and prompted the college's commemorative gesture. From its inception, the Adams Prize was designed as a biennial honor for significant mathematical research, initially open exclusively to graduates of the who submitted essays on a designated topic. The original endowment provided ongoing funding for the award, emphasizing original treatises that advanced theoretical understanding. The first award cycle spanned 1848–1850, with the inaugural topic focused on the "Theory of the long inequality of and ," reflecting contemporary interests in planetary dynamics tied to Adams's legacy. The prize was awarded to Robert Peirson of St John's College.

Evolution of the Prize

The Adams Prize has undergone several key transformations since its inception, adapting to broader mathematical communities and institutional developments. Initially focused on essays addressing specific topics set by adjudicators, the prize required candidates to demonstrate original research through written submissions, with the winning entry expected to be published as a . This format was exemplified in an early award, granted in 1857 to James Clerk Maxwell for his groundbreaking essay on the stability of Saturn's rings, which advanced understanding of and was published in expanded form thereafter. Administrative oversight evolved in the 20th century to involve joint management by St John's College, which endowed the prize, and Cambridge's mathematical departments, with the modern Faculty of formed in 2007. Adjudicators, appointed annually, continue to play a central role in defining topics and selecting recipients based on distinguished contributions. The prize has been conferred annually since its early years, though occasional interruptions occurred, such as in 1998, 2000, and 2014, due to administrative or candidacy factors. A pivotal shift in eligibility took place around 2000, broadening access beyond those with direct ties to —previously limited to graduates or affiliates—to encompass any UK-based under 40 years of age, with the age threshold subject to . Concurrently, criteria moved from commissioned essays to assessments of candidates' existing published research, emphasizing sustained impact over writing. This expansion reflected the prize's aim to recognize emerging talent across the British mathematical landscape. The prize's monetary value has grown substantially, reaching approximately £30,000 by the , distributed as one-third to the winner, one-third to their institution for research support, and one-third toward publication expenses. A landmark in inclusivity came in 2002 with the first award to a woman, Susan Howson, a lecturer at the , honored for her contributions to and elliptic curves.

Award Mechanics

Eligibility and Application

The Adams Prize is open to individuals who, as of 31 October of the award year, hold an appointment at a university or other institution and are under 40 years of age, though the adjudicators may grant exceptions to the age limit on a case-by-case basis. Candidates must also reside and work in the during the award period to meet the residency requirement. For the 2025–2026 cycle, age is calculated as of 31 2025. This eligibility has evolved from its original restriction to Cambridge graduates to encompass UK-wide institutional appointments. The application process requires submission of a , a list of publications, a sample of recent work demonstrating the candidate's contributions, and a two-page non-technical summary explaining the significance of the research. There is no entry fee for applications. All materials must be emailed to the Secretary of the Adams Prize Adjudicators at [email protected]. Candidates may self-nominate or be nominated by others, with nominations following the same submission guidelines and requirements as direct applications. For the 2025–2026 cycle, all applications and nominations are due by 31 October 2025, typically early in the academic year.

Selection and Prize Distribution

The selection process for the Adams Prize is overseen by a board of five adjudicators, comprising two appointed by the Faculty Board of Mathematics, two by the Council of St John's College, and one by the Royal Society (a Fellow not resident in Cambridge). These adjudicators, appointed for four-year terms starting 1 October, evaluate submissions based on the candidates' research achievements in the mathematical sciences, with particular emphasis on originality, impact, and relevance to the announced topic. The Chair is one of the Faculty Board appointees, and administrative support is provided by the Secretary of the Faculty Board of Mathematics. Winners are typically announced in the spring, such as for the preceding academic year's cycle, and the prize may be awarded jointly to up to two recipients when merited. The total prize value is approximately £30,000, determined by the previous year's income from the Adams Prize Fund after expenses, and divided into three equal parts. The distribution of the prize is structured to support both the recipient and their : one-third is paid directly to the winner upon announcement, one-third is allocated to the winner's to fund research expenses, and the final third is disbursed upon for publication of a substantial original article. This article, authored solely by the prize-winner, must be at least 25 printed pages and survey a significant part of the winner's field in a manner accessible to a broad mathematical audience; it must appear in an internationally recognized journal within two years of the award (extendable at the adjudicators' discretion). If the publication requirement is not met, the withheld portion reverts to the Prize Fund.

Research Focus

Historical Topics

The historical topics of the Adams Prize, from its founding in 1848 through the mid-20th century, were deliberately chosen by committees of adjudicators to tackle emerging challenges in , astronomy, and physics, encouraging innovative theoretical work to resolve observational puzzles or advance fundamental understanding. These subjects often bridged pure mathematical techniques with physical applications, reflecting the era's scientific priorities, such as and wave phenomena. The prize was initially awarded biennially, though lapses occurred due to insufficient submissions, with topics announced in advance to stimulate research; by the early , awards became more frequent, transitioning toward an annual cadence around as the university's mathematical community expanded. In its earliest years, the prize emphasized astronomical and physical problems. The inaugural topic in 1857 concerned the stability and composition of Saturn's rings, a question arising from telescopic observations that challenged existing models of planetary structure; James Clerk Maxwell's winning essay demonstrated that the rings could only be stable if composed of numerous unbound particles in independent orbits, influencing later astrophysical theories. Throughout the , themes recurrently explored alongside astronomy and physics, including hydrodynamics and planetary perturbations. For instance, the 1882 subject on the motion of vortex rings addressed stability and circulation, with J. J. Thomson's essay laying groundwork for later electromagnetic analogies in fluid models. Similarly, the 1893 topic on the mean density of the integrated gravitational theory and experimental data, awarded to J. H. Poynting for his synthesis of measurements and theoretical refinements. The early marked a gradual shift toward more abstract , even as applied topics persisted, with adjudicators increasingly prioritizing advanced theoretical frameworks amid rapid developments in and . Astronomy remained prominent, as in the 1907 subject on direct planetary perturbations of the Moon's motion (), where E. W. Brown's essay advanced numerical methods for long-term orbital predictions, building on John Couch Adams's own legacy in . Fluid dynamics continued with the 1914 topic on turbulent motion, won by for his statistical approach to chaotic flows, which established key concepts in modern turbulence theory. Notable early winners like Maxwell and Thomson emerged from these physics-oriented themes, underscoring the prize's role in fostering interdisciplinary breakthroughs. By the 1920s and 1930s, topics increasingly highlighted sophisticated pure mathematical domains, such as and algebraic structures, signaling a maturing emphasis on foundational theory. The 1922 subject on tidal friction exemplified applied in , while the 1932 focus on the bridged and . A pivotal example came in 1936 with the topic of harmonic integrals on algebraic varieties, awarded to William V. D. Hodge for developing tools that unified , , and —seminal to sheaf theory and modern . These selections by adjudicators captured evolving challenges, from in James 's 1917 win on , promoting conceptual advances over rote computation.

Contemporary Topics

In the latter half of the 20th century, the Adams Prize began to emphasize a broader array of mathematical fields, including , partial differential equations, and aspects of , reflecting the evolving landscape of mathematical research at the time. For instance, topics such as were featured in 1956 and again in 2013, while differential equations appeared in 1978 and 2005, often encompassing partial differential equations in contexts like wave propagation and stability (1980). These selections highlighted the prize's role in recognizing advancements in both pure theoretical structures and foundational applied problems, such as those in (1964, 1994) and (1960), which laid groundwork for later interdisciplinary extensions. Entering the , the prize topics demonstrated increasing diversification into applied and interdisciplinary areas, incorporating influences from , , and physics. Notable examples include applied analysis in 2016, which focused on practical mathematical modeling; statistical analysis of in 2017, addressing computational challenges in large-scale datasets; and mathematical and in 2023, which explored modeling infectious disease dynamics. More recent announcements underscore this trend, with selected for 2024, mathematics of for 2025, and for 2026, the latter recognizing equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems in physical contexts. This shift toward interdisciplinarity since the 2000s is evident in topics like mathematical (2006), pattern formation in physics and (2014), and the mathematics of networks (2019), which integrate mathematical tools with real-world applications in emerging fields. Such selections contrast with earlier historical foci on classical , illustrating the prize's adaptation to contemporary scientific demands. Topics are publicized annually on the University of Cambridge's Faculty of Mathematics website, allowing researchers to align submissions with current priorities.

Recipients

Early Winners

The Adams Prize, established in 1848 by members of St John's College, Cambridge, to honor John Couch Adams's prediction of Neptune's position, awarded its inaugural prize in 1850 to Robert Peirson of St John's College for his essay on "The theory of the long inequality of Uranus and Neptune, depending on the near commensurability of their mean motions." This work advanced celestial mechanics by addressing perturbations in planetary orbits, a key concern in 19th-century astronomy following Adams's own contributions. In 1857, James Clerk Maxwell of Trinity College received the prize for his essay "On the stability of the motion of Saturn's rings," which rigorously analyzed the rings' composition using mathematical models of and gravitation. Maxwell's submission, later expanded into a 1859 book, demonstrated that the rings could not be solid or fluid but must consist of numerous small particles, laying groundwork for his subsequent unification of and influencing vector analysis in physics. Edward Walker of Trinity College won in for "A systematic account of the phenomena and laws of terrestrial and cosmical ," synthesizing observational data on to propose connections between Earth's and solar influences. Published as a , this essay contributed to by clarifying diurnal variations and secular changes in , aiding and early studies. Joseph John Thomson of Trinity College earned the 1883 prize for his work on "The action of two closed vortices in incompressible fluid," exploring vortex interactions through advanced hydrodynamic equations. This mathematical investigation, detailed in his 1883 treatise, prefigured Thomson's later atomic models and electron discovery, advancing and its applications to . John Henry Poynting of Trinity College was awarded in 1893 for an essay on methods for "Determining gravitation and the mean density of the ," employing torsion balances and observations to refine s. His contributions refined measurements of the G, supporting geodetic surveys and Einstein's later validations. Later early winners included Ernest William Brown of Christ's College in 1907 for inequalities in the Moon's motion, enhancing for eclipse predictions, and of St John's College in 1926 for the Earth's interior constitution, integrating with elasticity models to infer core structure. William Vallance Douglas Hodge of Pembroke College received the 1936 prize for harmonic integrals in , developing tools that bridged and complex manifolds, profoundly impacting sheaf theory and modern . These awards often catalyzed seminal publications, propelling fields from to and during a era of rapid scientific expansion.

Modern Winners

The Adams Prize has recognized a diverse array of early-career researchers in the late 20th and 21st centuries, with winners spanning fields from to and . Since Susan Howson's groundbreaking win in 2002 as the first female recipient, the prize has increasingly highlighted contributions from women and scholars with international backgrounds, reflecting broader trends in . For instance, post-2002 laureates include multiple women, such as Heather Harrington in 2019 and Soheyla Feyzbakhsh in 2024, alongside recipients from varied global origins working at institutions. This era's awards emphasize interdisciplinary applications, such as analysis in the and contemporary topics like mathematical . Recent announcements underscore the prize's ongoing vitality. The 2023 winners were revealed in March 2023 for work in mathematical and , while the 2024 geometry awardees were announced in May 2024. Similarly, the 2025 recipients in the mathematics of were named in late March 2025. These selections highlight achievements in rapidly evolving areas, with winners often advancing to prominent academic roles. The following partial list profiles ten notable modern winners, focusing on their prize-winning research and subsequent careers:
YearWinner(s)TopicSummary of Research and Career
2002Susan Howson (University of Nottingham)Number TheoryHowson was awarded for her innovative work on the arithmetic of elliptic curves, particularly Iwasawa theory applications to elliptic curves over number fields, marking a significant advance in algebraic number theory. She later became Professor of Pure Mathematics at the University of Nottingham, continuing research in arithmetic geometry and serving as Head of the School of Mathematical Sciences.
2004Dominic Joyce (University of Oxford)Differential GeometryJoyce received the prize for constructing compact 8-manifolds with exceptional holonomy Spin(7), providing new examples of Ricci-flat metrics and advancing understanding of special holonomy geometries. He progressed to become the Savilian Professor of Geometry at Oxford, authoring influential texts on Calabi-Yau manifolds and earning Fellowship in the Royal Society in 2012.
2005Mihalis Dafermos (University of Cambridge) and David Stuart (University of Cambridge)Differential EquationsThe duo was honored for analyzing the adiabatic limit of solitons in classical field theories, yielding rigorous results on soliton stability and dynamics in nonlinear wave equations. Dafermos advanced to the Lowndean Professorship of Astronomy and Geometry at Cambridge and later at Princeton, focusing on partial differential equations in general relativity; Stuart became Professor of Mathematics at Bath, specializing in microlocal analysis.
2017Graham Cormode (University of Warwick) and Richard Samworth (University of Cambridge)Statistical Analysis of Big DataThey were recognized for developing efficient algorithms for high-dimensional data sketching and nonparametric inference, enabling scalable statistical methods for massive datasets in machine learning and privacy-preserving analysis. Cormode, who will join Oxford as Professor of Computer Science in 2026, earning ACM Fellowship; Samworth became Professor of Statistical Science at Cambridge, directing the Statistical Laboratory.
2018Claudia de Rham (Imperial College London) and Gustav Holzegel (Imperial College London)Mathematics of Astronomy and CosmologyDe Rham and Holzegel won for advancing massive gravity theories beyond general relativity, including ghost-free models that address dark energy and cosmological stability. De Rham became Professor of Physics at Imperial, pioneering Galileon theories and receiving the Blavatnik Award in 2020; Holzegel advanced to Professor at the University of Münster in 2020, focusing on black hole stability.
2019Heather Harrington (University of Oxford) and Luitgard Veraart (London School of Economics)Mathematics of NetworksHarrington was awarded for algebraic topology applications to higher-order networks, modeling complex interactions in biology and data science beyond pairwise graphs. She advanced to Directorship at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics in 2023, with research in topological data analysis; Veraart became Professor of Statistics at LSE, specializing in network stochastic processes.
2022Jack Thorne (University of Cambridge)Number TheoryThorne earned the prize for breakthroughs in the Langlands program, including symmetric power functoriality for holomorphic cusp forms and applications to Galois representations. He holds the Chair in Number Theory at Cambridge, receiving the New Horizons Prize in 2022 and Cole Prize in 2023 for arithmetic geometry contributions.
2023Anne Cori (Imperial College London) and Adam Kucharski (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)Mathematical and Statistical EpidemiologyThe pair was honored for innovative Bayesian methods in real-time outbreak modeling, including capture-recapture techniques for incidence estimation during pandemics like COVID-19. Cori advanced to Reader in Statistics at Imperial, leading infectious disease modeling; Kucharski became Professor of Infectious Disease Epidemiology at LSHTM, authoring influential works on epidemic forecasting.
2024Soheyla Feyzbakhsh (Imperial College London) and Nick Sheridan (University of Edinburgh)GeometryFeyzbakhsh and Sheridan received the award for advances in algebraic geometry, including wall-crossing formulas for Donaldson-Thomas invariants and enumerative invariants via string theory techniques. Feyzbakhsh became Senior Lecturer at Imperial, earning the Whitehead Prize in 2023 and Veblen Prize in 2025; Sheridan holds a professorship at Edinburgh, focusing on symplectic geometry.
2025Theo Assiotis (University of Edinburgh) and Giuseppe Cannizzaro (University of Warwick)Mathematics of Statistical MechanicsThey were recognized for deep results on random matrix theory and interacting particle systems, including eigenvalue dynamics and stochastic partial differential equations in non-equilibrium settings. Assiotis serves as Reader in Probability at Edinburgh; Cannizzaro is Associate Professor at Warwick, advancing singular stochastic PDEs.

Significance

Contributions to Mathematics

The Adams Prize has significantly advanced the mathematical sciences through the groundbreaking research of its recipients, particularly in foundational areas of and . James Clerk Maxwell's 1857 Adams Prize essay, "On the Stability of the Motion of Saturn's Rings," provided one of the earliest rigorous analyses of astrophysical disc dynamics, employing advanced techniques in and that influenced subsequent developments in and laid methodological groundwork for his later unification of electromagnetic theory. Similarly, William Hodge's 1936 Adams Prize work on harmonic integrals introduced novel connections between differential forms and algebraic varieties, establishing the and cycles that became cornerstones of modern by enabling topological invariants to quantify geometric structures; this was expanded in his 1941 book The Theory and Applications of Harmonic Integrals, which inspired decades of research in . In the mid-20th century, Adams Prize-winning research drove key progress in differential equations and , shaping analytical tools for physical and abstract problems. Recipients such as and Ioan James in 1956 advanced and , contributing foundational results on fiber spaces and classifying spaces that facilitated the study of continuous deformations in higher dimensions and influenced the development of . Work by , Paul Matthews, and John Taylor in 1958 on applied functional analysis and partial differential equations to renormalize infinities in particle interactions, providing essential frameworks for gauge theories that underpin the . These efforts, alongside 1960s contributions in spectral analysis by John Ringrose, enhanced for solving evolution equations in and . Contemporary Adams Prize research continues to propel mathematical innovation, particularly in applied and interdisciplinary domains. The 2023 winners, Anne Cori and Adam Kucharski, developed statistical models for inferring transmission dynamics in infectious diseases, including capture-recapture methods for underreported cases and network-based simulations that improved real-time epidemic forecasting during outbreaks like COVID-19. In the 2010s, Richard Samworth's 2017 award recognized advancements in , such as adaptive nonparametric estimation and techniques for in , which have enhanced algorithms for handling sparse, high-volume datasets. The required prize memoirs have left a lasting publication legacy, often evolving into seminal papers that define subfields. Maxwell's 1857 essay, published in 1859, provided key dynamical insights, while Hodge's 1941 book on harmonic forms inspired decades of research in . These outputs span , such as Alan Baker's 1972 transcendental number theory proofs resolving Diophantine approximations, applied analysis in by George Batchelor in 1950, and interdisciplinary applications like Tim Pedley's 1976 biological modeling of physiological flows.

Broader Impact

The Adams Prize has provided substantial career advancement opportunities for its recipients, who are typically early-career UK-based mathematicians under the age of 40. The award's prestige and financial support often facilitate transitions to tenured positions or prestigious fellowships at leading institutions. For instance, Susan Howson, the 2002 winner for work in , progressed from a lectureship at the to holding fellowships and positions at institutions including the and the . Similarly, Heather Harrington, co-winner in 2019 for contributions to the of networks, advanced to a professorship at the before becoming director at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics in 2023. Claudia de Rham, co-winner in 2018 for research in gravitational physics, rose from a lectureship to professor of at . The prize's funding structure further supports institutional development within British academia. Valued at approximately £30,000, the is divided among the recipient, their institution, and costs for publishing the prizewinning essay, enabling universities to expand research capacity through hiring postdoctoral researchers or acquiring necessary resources. This allocation has allowed winning institutions, such as and the , to bolster their programs and attract additional talent. By recognizing outstanding UK-based researchers, the Adams Prize promotes the vitality of British mathematics and elevates the University of Cambridge's global standing in the field. Established in 1857, it attracts international talent to institutions, fostering collaborations and reinforcing Cambridge's role as a hub for mathematical innovation. The requirement for winners to publish their work further disseminates worldwide, enhancing the nation's profile in . Efforts toward inclusivity have marked the prize's evolution, particularly since eligibility criteria were broadened around 2000 to encompass a wider range of candidates without an entry fee. The 2002 award to Susan Howson as the first female recipient signified a shift, followed by increased representation of women and diverse scholars. Subsequent winners include Heather Harrington in 2019, Claudia de Rham in 2018, and Anne Cori in 2023, contributing to greater gender balance in mathematics. The Adams Prize has garnered global recognition through its laureates, many of whom have achieved international acclaim. Notable winners such as James Clerk Maxwell, , and exemplify the prize's influence, with Penrose later receiving the in 2020 for contributions to black hole theory. Connections to prestigious awards like the are evident through the prize's historical impact; for example, early recipient W. V. D. Hodge's foundational work in profoundly shaped the field, influencing subsequent Fields Medalists in related areas. Over its 168-year history, the Adams Prize has played a key role in sustaining Britain's leadership in , with advancing to influential positions in academia, , and interdisciplinary applications. By honoring innovative , it has helped build a legacy of mathematical excellence that extends to broader societal and industrial advancements, such as through the applied work of winners like Adam Kucharski in .

References

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  27. http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/~graham/
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  29. https://blavatnikawards.org/honorees/profile/claudia-de-rham/
  30. https://www.uni-muenster.de/FB10srvi/persdb/MM-member.php?id=1532
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  33. https://www.maths.cam.ac.uk/features/jack-thorne-receives-2022-new-horizons-prize
  34. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/243595/infectious-disease-modellers-prestigious-mathematics-prize/
  35. https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2023/infectious-disease-modeller-adam-kucharski-wins-prestigious-mathematics-prize
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  37. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2007.2180
  38. https://plus.maths.org/content/woman-joins-adams-family
  39. https://www.mpi-cbg.de/news-outreach/news-media/article/mathematician-heather-harrington-is-new-director-at-the-max-planck-institute-of-molecular-cell-biology-and-genetics
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