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Donna Hanover (born Donna Ann Kofnovec; February 15, 1950[1]) is an American journalist, radio and television personality, television producer, and actress, who appears on CUNY TV in New York City.[2] From 1994 through 2001, she was First Lady of New York City, as the wife of Rudy Giuliani. She and Giuliani were married for 18 years, and had two children, Andrew and Caroline.

Key Information

Early life and education

[edit]

Hanover was born Donna Ann Kofnovec in Oakland, California, to Catholic parents, Robert G. Kofnovec, a United States Navy officer who retired as a Lieutenant Commander, and his wife, Gwendolyn Dolores (Domas) Kofnovec.[3]

Hanover attended Fremont High School in Sunnyvale, California. She later attended Stanford University, and graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor of Arts in political science.[4] She met Harvard University graduate Stanley Hanover at Stanford in 1968 and the two were married after her graduation in 1972.[5] The couple moved to New York City.[5] She then attended the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism and graduated with a master's degree in journalism.[4]

Broadcasting career

[edit]

As Donna Hanover she began to work in a series of television journalism positions around the country, starting with a stint at WKTV in Utica, New York in 1973,[5] where she was also an associate faculty member at Utica College.[6] She then went to WTVN-TV in Columbus, Ohio.[7][8] By 1977, she was working in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at KDKA-TV, spending 80-hour weeks hosting and producing their Evening Magazine show;[7] she and Stanley Hanover appeared to have separated.[5] They were divorced sometime after October 1980;[5][9] they had no children.

By 1980, Hanover had moved to Miami, Florida;[5] it was when she was working as an anchor[7] at WCKT that she met Giuliani. The couple moved in together in 1982 while Giuliani was still married to his first wife, from whom he had been separated since 1976. Giuliani had his first marriage annulled in late 1983. They then later moved to Washington, D.C. and then New York, and were married there on April 15, 1984. Hanover began working for WPIX in 1983,[6] and was the lead anchor for the station's 7:30 pm weeknight newscast for much of the second half of the 1980s. She also appeared on the syndicated The Wall Street Journal Report.[6] She left her anchor role during Giuliani's unsuccessful 1989 bid for mayor to go on maternity leave.[7]

Hanover had two children with Giuliani, Andrew (born 1986; served as Special Assistant to the President and Associate Director of the Office of Public Liaison for U.S. President Donald Trump in his first term) and Caroline (born 1989). She began to use Donna Hanover Giuliani as her name in some contexts, but still used Donna Hanover in others.[7] She left WPIX entirely in 1990,[6] and did some freelance work for WNYW in 1992 and 1993.[7]

First Lady of New York City

[edit]

In 1993 she actively campaigned for her husband during his successful campaign for Mayor, appearing in his television ads as a devoted wife and mother. In 1994, she became First Lady of New York City. In addition to her duties as first lady, she was a features reporter for WNYW's morning Good Day New York show,[7] rotating anchor of WNYW's Good Day Sunday program,[7] and a co-anchor on the national cable Food Network's Food News and Views program.[7] She balanced these positions with her political and maternal roles by eschewing some of the production work she had done in the past.[7] In addition, she worked from time to time as a radio disc jockey for New York's WYNY.[7] The dual, concurrent roles as a journalist and political wife led to discussions of a possible conflict of interest,[7] but even Giuliani political opponents such as Peter Vallone, Sr. respected her professionalism.[7]

Hanover branched out into acting, having a prominent role as real-life presidential sister Ruth Carter Stapleton in the 1996 film The People vs. Larry Flynt;[10] noted critic Frank Rich called her performance brilliant.[4] She also appeared in the feature film Ransom that same year as a WNYW reporter. By 1996, she had reverted to only using Donna Hanover as her name and her public appearances with Rudy Giuliani became few.[11] By 1997 there were published reports of his having an affair with mayoral aide Cristyne Lategano,[10] and by 2000 with Judith Nathan. Hanover continued her acting work, appearing from 1997 on in episodes of the television series Law & Order in a recurring role as Judge Deborah Bourke, and also appearing on series such as Family Law, The Practice, Sex and the City, and Ally McBeal.[10][12]

In April 2000, Hanover accepted the lead role in Eve Ensler's play The Vagina Monologues, a feminist work that was known for previously casting high-profile actresses such as Gillian Anderson, Melissa Etheridge, Calista Flockhart and Winona Ryder, among others.[13] Veteran New Yorker contributor Peter J. Boyer asserted that Hanover's acceptance of the role was a "well-struck blow" because Ensler was "an outspoken critic of Giuliani's policies." Before Hanover's debut, she postponed her participation in The Vagina Monologues on May 2 to support her husband a week after it was announced he had prostate cancer.[14] On the evening after announcing his cancer diagnosis, reporters observed Rudy Giuliani having "a romantic dinner" with Judith Nathan, the woman who would be identified as his lover.[15] One week later, at a press conference on May 10, Giuliani announced that he and Hanover were officially separated. Hanover had not been informed and was surprised by the news.[16]

Giuliani filed for divorce in October 2000.[17] Hanover and Giuliani stopped cohabiting at the end of his term in December 2001. Hanover counter filed in June 2002. After ugly public battles between representatives of the two,[18] the divorce was finalized in July 2002 after he left office as Mayor; Hanover was awarded $6.8 million and custody of their two children.[19]

Subsequent life and career

[edit]

In 2003, Hanover married Edwin Oster, an attorney practicing in Newport Beach, California. The two had dated in high school and in college, but had not spoken with each other for more than 20 years, until after Hanover's divorce from Giuliani.[3] In 2005, Hanover published the book My Boyfriend's Back: 50 True Stories of Reconnecting with a Long-Lost Love,[12] relating her story as well as those of others who had rejoined with lost loves.[20] She lives in both New York and California.[12]

She continued to work in broadcasting. During 2005, she also hosted the Fine Living cable channel's Famous Homes & Hideaways program.[12][21] She did fill-in work for New York radio station WOR for several years, then joined it on a full-time basis in February 2006,[22] working first with co-host Ed Walsh[22] and then as of August 2006 with Joe Bartlett.[23] The latter pairing subsequently won an award for best broadcasting team.[24] In May 2008 the two were replaced in the morning slot by the returning John R. Gambling, but she remained with the station as a film critic and fill-in host.[25] Hanover also worked as an adjunct professor at New York University's Department of Journalism.[6] She continued to be active in charity circles.[26]

Hanover continued her acting career with appearances in Law & Order through 2004. She was in the films Superstar with Will Ferrell in 1999, Keeping the Faith with Edward Norton in 2000, Someone Like You with Ellen Barkin in 2001, and Interview directed by Steve Buscemi in 2007. Hanover played a Senator opposite John Goodman in an episode of Alpha House in 2014, and appeared in the TV comedy Odd Mom Out in 2015 and 2016.[27] In 2011 she appeared in the off-Broadway initial run of "Picked", written by Chris Shinn and directed by Michael Wilson at The Vineyard Theatre. Hanover made her Broadway debut in 2012 in Gore Vidal's The Best Man, directed by Michael Wilson and also starring James Earl Jones, Angela Lansbury, John Larroquette, and Candace Bergen.[28] Hanover continues her work as a journalist at CUNY TV which she joined in 2011. As a correspondent on shows including Arts in the City and Simply Science, she has covered wide-ranging topics such as vintage costumer Helen Uffner,[29] a new toilet NASA sent up for astronauts in space,[30] and Broadway shows reopening after the pandemic.[31]

Awards

[edit]
  • 1980s — Pinnacle Award from American Women in Radio & Television for "Advertising by Plastic Surgeons"[6]
  • 1984 — New York State Associated Press Broadcasters' Association Award for "A Profile of Bobby Williams, A Handicapped Child"[6]
  • 1989 — San Francisco State University Broadcasts Award for "Suffer the Children"[6]
  • 2007 — New York State Broadcasters Association's Outstanding On-Air Broadcast Team award (with Joe Bartlett)[24]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Donna Hanover

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Donna Hanover (born Donna Ann Kofnovec; February 13, 1950) is an American journalist, actress, television producer, and former of . Her career began in in the early 1970s, with early roles at stations such as in , before advancing to anchoring positions in larger markets and later transitioning to acting in films including (1996) and (2000). She married Rudy Giuliani on April 24, 1984, and during his tenure as mayor from 1994 to 2001, she served as the city's , focusing on initiatives related to , and . The couple had two children, and Caroline, but their marriage ended in a highly publicized and acrimonious finalized in 2002, following Giuliani's public announcement of separation amid allegations of his infidelity with Judith Nathan, culminating in a settlement exceeding $6.8 million to Hanover. Subsequently, Hanover continued her media work, hosting a syndicated cooking program and teaching as an at New York University's department.

Early Life and Education

Family Background and Upbringing

Donna Hanover was born Donna Ann Kofnovec on February 13, 1950, in , to Robert George Kofnovec, a Texas-born U.S. who later retired as a , and Gwendolyn Dolores (née Domas) Kofnovec, a native. As the eldest of four daughters in a , Hanover experienced frequent relocations due to her father's naval service, which involved assignments across various U.S. locations. The 's Catholic background and Robert Kofnovec's Czech heritage contributed to a disciplined, mobile household environment, though specific details on daily life or formative influences beyond these basics remain limited in public records.

Academic Achievements

Donna Hanover earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science from Stanford University in 1972. This undergraduate education provided a foundation in analytical and policy-oriented thinking, relevant to her subsequent pursuits in journalism. She later pursued advanced training at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, graduating with a Master of Arts in journalism. The program emphasized skills in investigative reporting, ethical standards, and factual accuracy, equipping graduates for professional broadcast and print media roles. No specific academic honors or extracurricular activities tied to broadcasting during her studies are documented in available records.

Broadcasting Career

Initial Positions in Regional Media

Donna Hanover commenced her broadcasting career in 1973 at WKTV, a television station in Utica, New York, initially serving as a reporter. This entry-level role in a small market afforded her foundational experience in local news gathering and on-air delivery. Following her time in Utica, Hanover advanced to WTVN-TV in , where she co-anchored news segments by 1977 alongside Earl Green. The position involved covering regional stories and developing proficiency in live within a competitive Midwestern market. By late 1977, she transitioned to in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, hosting the program through 1980, often working extended 80-hour weeks that encompassed reporting, production, and on-camera presentation. This role in a larger regional outlet sharpened her abilities in feature and audience engagement amid demanding schedules. Hanover continued building her expertise in Miami, Florida, anchoring at (Channel 7) by , focusing on news delivery in a dynamic southern market. These successive positions in non-metropolitan hubs enabled progressive skill acquisition in factual reporting and production, establishing a robust foundation prior to major-market opportunities.

Rise in New York Broadcasting

In 1983, Donna Hanover joined WPIX-TV in as a newscaster, marking her entry into one of the nation's most competitive media markets after earlier roles in regional stations. She contributed to the station's local programming, including on-air reporting and anchoring duties that built her visibility in the New York broadcasting scene. During the latter half of the , Hanover advanced to lead anchor for WPIX's weeknight newscast, handling evening broadcasts that required delivering timely news coverage amid the city's fast-paced events. Her role involved journalistic tasks such as interviewing public figures and covering urban developments, with appearances documented in station clips from 1985 onward. This position represented the peak of her pre-political on-camera work, sustaining her career through the end of the decade until she stepped back around following the birth of her second child.

Marriage and Family Life

Relationship with Rudy Giuliani

Donna Hanover met in early 1982 through a mutual friend while she was working as a television news anchor in . The couple began dating shortly thereafter, following Giuliani's of his first marriage, and wed on April 15, 1984. Giuliani's appointment as for the Southern District of New York in 1983 positioned him at the forefront of high-profile prosecutions against organized crime figures, insiders, and corrupt officials, enhancing his public stature during the initial phase of their marriage. Hanover, meanwhile, pursued her broadcasting career in New York, securing roles at local stations that aligned with her professional drive. The couple's early marital period reflected apparent stability amid these parallel ambitions, spanning Giuliani's U.S. Attorney tenure through 1989, his unsuccessful 1989 mayoral bid, and his 1993 election victory, during which their partnership was publicly viewed as solid. Both partners exhibited Type-A traits—Giuliani through his relentless legal pursuits and Hanover via her competitive media ascent—which fostered shared drive but also sowed early frictions from clashing schedules and high-stakes lifestyles, as detailed in retrospective public accounts. These dynamics underscored a union tested by mutual intensity rather than external discord at the outset.

Children and Family Dynamics

Donna Hanover and Rudy Giuliani welcomed their first child, son Andrew Harold Giuliani, on January 30, 1986, in New York City. Their second child, daughter Caroline Rose Giuliani, was born on August 22, 1989, also in New York City. The children were raised primarily in Manhattan during the early years of their parents' marriage, with Hanover prioritizing family stability amid her broadcasting career and Giuliani's rising political profile as U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York. Following Giuliani's election as mayor in 1993, the family relocated to Gracie Mansion in 1994, where Andrew (then aged 8) and Caroline (aged 5) spent much of their childhood in the official mayoral residence until 2001. Hanover maintained an active role in daily family routines, including meal preparation and school-related activities, while Giuliani's demanding schedule as mayor limited his direct involvement, though he participated in family events when possible. Educationally, the children attended private schools in during this period, reflecting a preference for insulated environments given the family's public status; specific institutions included day schools suited to their ages and the logistical demands of parental schedules. Parental influences emphasized discipline and achievement—Giuliani instilling a strong drawn from his prosecutorial background, while Hanover fostered creative and communicative skills aligned with her media experience—though the children's early development occurred under the strains of high-profile parental careers and eventual marital tensions.

Tenure as First Lady of New York City

Official Initiatives

As of from 1994 to 2001, Donna Hanover focused her official efforts on recognizing educational excellence through the Cool Schools program, a privately supported initiative that awarded schools for academic and community achievements. She presented at least 59 such awards, including visits to institutions like Public School 81 in Riverdale and P.S. 23Q at St. Mary's Hospital for Children, where she highlighted programs fostering student success and declared select schools "cool" for their innovative approaches to learning. These recognitions aimed to incentivize improvement in underperforming public schools but lacked formal policy integration or citywide metrics for sustained impact, relying instead on ceremonial endorsements without documented long-term enrollment or performance gains attributable to the awards. Hanover also supported broader and causes, including appearances promoting awareness through media segments and participation in events tied to child welfare, though these efforts operated with a small staff and emphasized over enforceable programs. Contemporary accounts noted her schedule included such activities alongside cultural engagements, like contributions to Inner Circle press corps skits satirizing city leadership, which served as lighthearted but drew no measurable policy outcomes. Critics observed that her initiatives, while well-intentioned, sometimes blurred with personal media pursuits and faced questions over , as her role evaded standard oversight typical of mayoral programs. No large-scale empirical data, such as participation rates or adoption metrics, emerged to validate widespread efficacy, reflecting the ceremonial limits of the unelected position.

Public Engagements and Role During Key Events

During Rudy Giuliani's mayoral tenure from 1994 to 2001, Donna Hanover undertook ceremonial duties as of , including hosting dinners at for distinguished guests and participating in events such as the celebrations with the New York Yankees. She also attended luncheons, such as one for the , and engaged in award presentations, notably honoring Public School 321 in Brooklyn's neighborhood on October 13, 2000, during which she affirmed her status as . These activities demonstrated her efforts to fulfill traditional roles amid ongoing personal challenges. Marital discord, however, progressively hindered her public involvement. Hanover publicly stated that for several years, her husband's relationship with a mayoral staffer had impeded her participation in Giuliani's official events. Tensions escalated into legal confrontations, culminating in a May 2001 court order barring Giuliani's girlfriend, Judith Nathan, from while Hanover and the couple's children resided there; Giuliani had sought Nathan's presence at functions, prompting Hanover's request. In the same month, Giuliani dismissed Hanover as the mansion's official hostess, further curtailing her formal access to event coordination. In the aftermath of the , 2001 terrorist attacks, Hanover's visible role in crisis response was minimal, constrained by the prior estrangement and her demotion from official duties. By late September 2001, media reports described the position as effectively vacant following her removal as hostess. While Giuliani coordinated recovery efforts and garnered acclaim for steady leadership, Hanover did not feature prominently in public resilience initiatives or family assistance programs, such as those at Pier 94. Supporters praised her persistence, as she chaired a fundraiser in June 2001—shortly before the attacks—and retained affinity among some as the legitimate . Critics, however, contended that the couple's protracted public disputes, including press conferences and access battles in the preceding year, diverted attention from civic priorities and exemplified personal matters intruding on official responsibilities during heightened national vulnerability.

Divorce from Rudy Giuliani

Prelude to Separation

Reports of marital tensions between Donna Hanover and emerged in the mid-, coinciding with Giuliani's inauguration as mayor in January 1994 and the intensification of his professional demands. The couple, married since April 24, 1984, had initially appeared united during Giuliani's 1993 campaign, but strains reportedly arose from conflicting high-ambition careers, with Hanover maintaining her independent broadcasting roles while Giuliani's mayoral responsibilities consumed increasing time and energy. These pressures exemplified a clash of Type-A personalities, where both prioritized demanding schedules over domestic harmony, leading to infrequent public appearances together by the late . A pivotal element in the reported discord involved allegations of an extramarital affair between Giuliani and Cristyne Lategano-Nicholas, his communications director from 1993 to 1996, with rumors surfacing around 1995. Hanover publicly attributed significant damage to their marriage to Lategano-Nicholas's influence, though both Giuliani and Lategano-Nicholas denied any romantic or sexual involvement, describing their relationship as professionally close. These claims, unproven and contested, fueled private strains but were not formally substantiated, highlighting how unverified rumors amplified underlying incompatibilities rather than serving as isolated causes. Despite efforts at private resolution, including Giuliani's attempts months prior to cease wearing his and broach separation discussions, the couple avoided public acknowledgment of issues for years amid mounting scrutiny from media and associates. Advisors noted no surprise among Giuliani's inner circle at the eventual rift, given persistent whispers and lifestyle divergences, yet the discord remained contained until escalating toward a formal announcement in 2000. This prelude underscored causal realities of overburdened roles—Giuliani's 24/7 mayoral oversight post-1994 versus Hanover's pursuit of media autonomy—eroding relational foundations without immediate collapse. On May 10, 2000, publicly announced his intention to separate from Donna Hanover during a , stating that private discussions to resolve their marital issues had failed, though Hanover later described the disclosure as unexpected and without prior notice to her. Giuliani justified the public statement by citing unsuccessful attempts at amicable separation, but critics noted the approach amplified the ensuing media frenzy, with outlets emphasizing Hanover's surprise over mutual relational breakdowns. In October 2000, Giuliani formally filed for in , alleging Hanover had subjected him to "cruel and inhuman treatment" through actions such as restricting his access to their residence and interfering with household staff dynamics during his tenure as mayor. Hanover countered this narrative by portraying Giuliani's behavior as obstructive and self-centered, particularly in light of his acknowledged relationship with Judith Nathan, which she viewed as a exacerbating family tensions. These claims highlighted reciprocal grievances, with Giuliani's filings supported by affidavits detailing Hanover's alleged lack of emotional support amid his health challenges and professional demands, while her responses stressed his prioritization of extramarital involvements over family stability. The dispute intensified in June 2002 when Hanover filed her own divorce petition nearly 18 months later, explicitly accusing Giuliani of "open and notorious adultery," framing his infidelity—particularly with Nathan—as the root cause of and constituting "cruel and inhuman" conduct toward her. Giuliani denied specific prior staffer affairs alleged by Hanover, such as with Christyne Lategano-Nicholas, maintaining that his post-separation relationship with Nathan was transparent and not grounds for her claims. Court proceedings revealed mutual fault patterns, including Hanover's reported denials of Giuliani's home access and his public disclosures that strained parental interactions, yet media coverage often amplified Hanover's victimhood angle while downplaying evidence of her controlling measures, such as mansion access restrictions documented in legal filings. The legal battles unfolded amid heightened public scrutiny, with temporary orders in early 2002 mandating Giuliani to limit Nathan's proximity to their children during visits, underscoring disputes over family boundaries that both parties attributed to the other's intransigence. This spectacle, fueled by tabloid escalations and leaks, obscured underlying causal factors like long-term relational erosion from professional pressures, favoring sensational narratives of unilateral betrayal over balanced acknowledgment of bidirectional contributions to the marital discord.

Resolution and Long-Term Effects

The divorce between Donna Hanover and Rudy Giuliani was finalized on July 10, 2002, following an out-of-court settlement that averted a public trial. Under the agreement, Giuliani paid Hanover $6.8 million tax-free, in addition to reimbursing her legal fees and continuing child support payments. Hanover received primary physical custody of their two children, Andrew and Caroline, with Giuliani granted visitation rights. In the years following the settlement, both parties remarried. Hanover wed Edwin Oster, a and her high school sweetheart, on August 2, 2003. Giuliani married Judith Nathan (later ) on May 24, 2003, though that union ended in divorce in 2019. The divorce contributed to persistent family strains, particularly in Giuliani's relationships with his children, who remained primarily under Hanover's care and influence post-separation. Long-term effects included documented estrangement between Giuliani and his children, with citing his mother's strong role in his life in a 2007 , amid reports of alienation linked to Giuliani's subsequent . has similarly maintained limited public contact with her father, reflecting ongoing tensions originating from the divorce proceedings and custody dynamics. These familial rifts persisted into Giuliani's post-mayoral career, influencing personal narratives during his 2008 presidential bid, though no direct causal attribution beyond the settlement's custody terms has been empirically established in primary accounts.

Post-Divorce Career and Activities

Acting and Entertainment Ventures

Following her 2002 divorce from Rudy Giuliani, Donna Hanover maintained a sporadic presence in acting, primarily through minor film and television roles. In 2002, she portrayed a newscaster in the independent comedy Just a Kiss, directed by Fisher Stevens. She followed with a supporting part in the Christmas-themed drama Noel (2004), starring Susan Sarandon and Paul Walker, and appeared in Steve Buscemi's Interview (2007), a remake of a Dutch film focusing on media and celebrity dynamics. These roles, often uncredited or brief, reflected a continuation of her earlier character work but did not lead to leading parts or widespread critical acclaim. On television, Hanover recurred as Judge Deborah Bourke in episodes of Law & Order through 2004, leveraging her journalistic background for authoritative on-screen personas. Later guest appearances included Gloria in Louie (2010), Senator #2 in Alpha House (2013), and Phoebe in Odd Mom Out (2015), series that aired on premium cable and streaming platforms with niche audiences. Her contributions to entertainment production remained limited post-2001, with no major hosted programs or cooking segments documented in public records. Overall, these ventures yielded modest visibility, with no empirical metrics—such as box office data or Nielsen ratings—indicating substantial commercial success or audience draw independent of her prior public associations.

Other Professional and Personal Pursuits

In 2005, Hanover authored My Boyfriend's Back: 50 True Stories of Reconnecting with a Long-Lost , a collection of narratives about individuals rediscovering past romantic connections, including her own reunion with high school sweetheart Edwin Oster amid the aftermath of her . The book, published by Hudson Street Press on January 13, 2005, emphasized serendipitous rekindlings later in life, with Hanover recounting how Oster contacted her in 2002 shortly after her separation became public. Following the publication, Hanover reconnected personally with Oster, leading to a relationship that provided a contrast to her high-profile marital dissolution. This pursuit aligned with the book's theme of post-divorce renewal, though details of their ongoing private life remain limited in . Since the , Hanover has adopted a lower public profile relative to her earlier career, with sparse engagements beyond selective journalistic contributions as a CUNY TV correspondent on programs like Arts in the City (including a segment aired April 19, 2024) and Simply Science. Her appearances reflect a focus on niche educational and cultural reporting rather than broad media exposure.

Awards and Honors

Professional Recognitions in Journalism and Broadcasting

Donna Hanover hosted the 30th ceremony on November 25, 2002, at the New York Hilton, a selection that highlighted her established presence in television production and personality work following her journalism beginnings. The event, organized by the International Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, featured presentations across categories like arts documentary and popular arts, with Hanover serving as the black-tie gala's emcee. This role came amid her hosting of lifestyle series such as Famous Homes & Hideaways, building on her prior local news anchoring in markets including Columbus and during the 1970s.

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  50. https://www.newsweek.com/mayor-and-mudslinging-153177
  51. https://forgetgiuliani.org/rudy-affairs-and-divorce-by-press-conference.htm
  52. https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/12/nyregion/the-mayor-s-separation-the-former-aide-ex-communications-director-denies-affair.html
  53. https://nypost.com/2000/05/13/mayors-pals-say-wife-didnt-take-hint-she-nixed-separation-even-after-rudy-quit-wearing-ring-2/
  54. https://www.nydailynews.com/2000/05/11/separation-for-giulianis-donna-rips-rudy-on-relationship-with-aid/
  55. https://nymag.com/news/features/scandals/rudy-giuliani-2012-4/
  56. https://www.nbcnewyork.com/video/on-air/as-seen-on/from_the_archives__may_2000_giuliani__hanover_separation_new_york/1946854/
  57. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/10/nyregion/giuliani-and-hanover-reach-68-million-divorce-settlement.html
  58. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/jun/22/usa.rudygiuliani
  59. https://nypost.com/2002/06/21/rudy-divorce-bombshell-adultery-donna-his-cheating-was-cruel-and-inhuman/
  60. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/giuliani-accused-of-notorious-adultery/
  61. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/giuliani-divorce-settlement-reached/
  62. https://www.scotsman.com/news/world/giuliani-ordered-to-keep-his-girlfriend-and-children-apart-2459194
  63. https://www.baltimoresun.com/2001/05/18/giuliani-divorce-electrifies-ny/
  64. https://www.nydailynews.com/2002/07/11/rudy-to-pay-donna-68m-divorce-settlement-heads-off-messy-trial/
  65. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-jul-11-na-rudy11-story.html
  66. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2002/07/11/giuliani-divorce-settled-privately/d0ffb5d3-c1e1-4a3e-a17c-11154e184a4a/
  67. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/giuliani-estranged-from-his-2-children/
  68. https://www.nydailynews.com/2007/03/05/my-dad-the-dud-rudys-son-says/
  69. https://www.foxnews.com/story/rudy-defends-judi-after-family-estrangement-goes-public
  70. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna17479746
  71. https://www.fandango.com/people/donna-hanover-276715/film-credits
  72. https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Donna-Hanover/amzn1.dv.gti.956c07fb-bb3b-4f93-b567-70a5f1198963/
  73. https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/donna-hanover/credits/3030001629/
  74. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/rekindling-first-loves-later-in-life-2/
  75. https://tv.cuny.edu/show/artsinthecity/PR2012456
  76. https://variety.com/2002/tv/awards/int-l-emmys-tap-hanover-1117876257/
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