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Mananthavady
Mananthavady is a Municipality, Taluk and town in the Wayanad district of Kerala, India. The municipal boundaries are defined by Tirunelli Panchayat to the north, Kabini River to the east and south, and Thavinhal Panchayat to the west. Mananthavady is the third largest town in Wayanad District, following Kalpetta and Sulthan Bathery. It is situated 35km northeast of the district headquarters, Kalpetta, 80km east of Thalassery, and 110km northeast of Kozhikode.
The popular view on the etymology is that the word is derived from "Maane Eytha Vady" (English: "The place where an arrow was shot at the deer"). This view is strengthened by the existence of a place called Ambukuthy, literally "the location where the arrow pierced", on the outskirts of the town.
From the dawn of the Neolithic Age, Wayanad has been home to a culturally rich population. The prehistoric period of the region is evidenced through the myths and traditions of various indigenous groups found here. According to an inscription found in Edakkal Cave, it appears that the Girivar tribe governed Wayanad in ancient times. The last rulers of this tribe were Arippan and Vettan, two family members of the same lineage. All the northern territories of Panamaram were under the rule of King Arippan. It was through the deceit of the Kumbala Maippadi King that the Vettan dynasty eventually lost its prominence.
Various tribes such as the Paniyar, Mullakurumar, Ooralaikkurumar, Kattu Naikkar, Adiyan, and Kurichiyar have been present in different parts of Wayanad for centuries. The Paniyar, who were permanent settlers in the mountains, and the Kurumbar, known for their prominence in the Vettan dynasty, along with the Naga Makkal of Ooralaikkurumar and the Adiyan, descendants of Keeoruthiyan and Melorachavan, are noted for their significant cultural heritage. Among these, the Adiyan tribe is most commonly found in Mananthavady after Tirunelli. The region surrounding Mananthavady is associated with myths of the Adiyan tribe connected to Thirunelli and Pakki. Their rich tradition of storytelling and singing is well known.
Mananthavady houses numerous sites related to the Paniyar tribe, extending from Palakkad to Malappuram. The Valliyoor Kavu temple, in particular, has a special place reserved for them. The Ooralaikkurumar, known for their skills in craftsmanship among the indigenous tribes, can be found in places like Tholpetty, Begur, Appapara, Panamaram, Kalpetta, Pulppally, and Mullanthara in Mananthavady. They self-produce all the essential tools and materials required by human society.
Kurichiyars, who were companions of the Pazhassi Raja, provide clear evidence that the early inhabitants of Wayanad understood the use of the wheel from ancient times. This is supported by the discovery of a wooden wheel from the riverbanks of Wayanad. Wayanad is one of the few ancient centres in India where trees were carved into circular shapes, cut into wheels, and fitted onto axles to create vehicles. An inscription from the 5th century AD by Vishnusharma is found in Edakkal Cave.
According to the inscription found in Edakkal Cave, the Girivar tribe was the governing authority in Wayanad during ancient times. The last rulers of this tribe were Arippan and Vettan, two family members from the same lineage. All the northern territories of Panamaram were under the rule of King Arippan. The Vettan dynasty eventually fell due to the deceit of the Kumbala Maippadi King. In 1810, the history of Wayanad was compiled and recorded orally by the Malabar District Court. This is also noted in Mackenzie’s manuscripts.
After the downfall of the Vettan rulers, the Kottayam Raja began governing Wayanad, having also seized the rights of the Parrayikkumithal Mādampi. During Hyder Ali's invasion, Ravi Varma, the Raja of Kottayam, sought refuge in Travancore with his family. During the second Mysore invasion, Ravi Varma returned with a military force and regained control of Wayanad. After the war, Wayanad was divided into several regions, with Ilamkur being part of the present-day Mananthavady. Vemooth Nambiar was the Mādampi (local ruler) of this region.
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Mananthavady
Mananthavady is a Municipality, Taluk and town in the Wayanad district of Kerala, India. The municipal boundaries are defined by Tirunelli Panchayat to the north, Kabini River to the east and south, and Thavinhal Panchayat to the west. Mananthavady is the third largest town in Wayanad District, following Kalpetta and Sulthan Bathery. It is situated 35km northeast of the district headquarters, Kalpetta, 80km east of Thalassery, and 110km northeast of Kozhikode.
The popular view on the etymology is that the word is derived from "Maane Eytha Vady" (English: "The place where an arrow was shot at the deer"). This view is strengthened by the existence of a place called Ambukuthy, literally "the location where the arrow pierced", on the outskirts of the town.
From the dawn of the Neolithic Age, Wayanad has been home to a culturally rich population. The prehistoric period of the region is evidenced through the myths and traditions of various indigenous groups found here. According to an inscription found in Edakkal Cave, it appears that the Girivar tribe governed Wayanad in ancient times. The last rulers of this tribe were Arippan and Vettan, two family members of the same lineage. All the northern territories of Panamaram were under the rule of King Arippan. It was through the deceit of the Kumbala Maippadi King that the Vettan dynasty eventually lost its prominence.
Various tribes such as the Paniyar, Mullakurumar, Ooralaikkurumar, Kattu Naikkar, Adiyan, and Kurichiyar have been present in different parts of Wayanad for centuries. The Paniyar, who were permanent settlers in the mountains, and the Kurumbar, known for their prominence in the Vettan dynasty, along with the Naga Makkal of Ooralaikkurumar and the Adiyan, descendants of Keeoruthiyan and Melorachavan, are noted for their significant cultural heritage. Among these, the Adiyan tribe is most commonly found in Mananthavady after Tirunelli. The region surrounding Mananthavady is associated with myths of the Adiyan tribe connected to Thirunelli and Pakki. Their rich tradition of storytelling and singing is well known.
Mananthavady houses numerous sites related to the Paniyar tribe, extending from Palakkad to Malappuram. The Valliyoor Kavu temple, in particular, has a special place reserved for them. The Ooralaikkurumar, known for their skills in craftsmanship among the indigenous tribes, can be found in places like Tholpetty, Begur, Appapara, Panamaram, Kalpetta, Pulppally, and Mullanthara in Mananthavady. They self-produce all the essential tools and materials required by human society.
Kurichiyars, who were companions of the Pazhassi Raja, provide clear evidence that the early inhabitants of Wayanad understood the use of the wheel from ancient times. This is supported by the discovery of a wooden wheel from the riverbanks of Wayanad. Wayanad is one of the few ancient centres in India where trees were carved into circular shapes, cut into wheels, and fitted onto axles to create vehicles. An inscription from the 5th century AD by Vishnusharma is found in Edakkal Cave.
According to the inscription found in Edakkal Cave, the Girivar tribe was the governing authority in Wayanad during ancient times. The last rulers of this tribe were Arippan and Vettan, two family members from the same lineage. All the northern territories of Panamaram were under the rule of King Arippan. The Vettan dynasty eventually fell due to the deceit of the Kumbala Maippadi King. In 1810, the history of Wayanad was compiled and recorded orally by the Malabar District Court. This is also noted in Mackenzie’s manuscripts.
After the downfall of the Vettan rulers, the Kottayam Raja began governing Wayanad, having also seized the rights of the Parrayikkumithal Mādampi. During Hyder Ali's invasion, Ravi Varma, the Raja of Kottayam, sought refuge in Travancore with his family. During the second Mysore invasion, Ravi Varma returned with a military force and regained control of Wayanad. After the war, Wayanad was divided into several regions, with Ilamkur being part of the present-day Mananthavady. Vemooth Nambiar was the Mādampi (local ruler) of this region.