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Mass attenuation coefficient
The mass attenuation coefficient, or mass narrow beam attenuation coefficient of a material is the attenuation coefficient normalized by the density of the material; that is, the attenuation per unit mass (rather than per unit of distance). Thus, it characterizes how easily a mass of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. In addition to visible light, mass attenuation coefficients can be defined for other electromagnetic radiation (such as X-rays), sound, or any other beam that can be attenuated. The SI unit of mass attenuation coefficient is the square metre per kilogram (m2/kg). Other common units include cm2/g (the most common unit for X-ray mass attenuation coefficients) and L⋅g−1⋅cm−1 (sometimes used in solution chemistry). Mass extinction coefficient is an old term for this quantity.
The mass attenuation coefficient can be thought of as a variant of absorption cross section where the effective area is defined per unit mass instead of per particle.
Mass attenuation coefficient is defined as
where
When using the mass attenuation coefficient, the Beer–Lambert law is written in alternative form as
where
When a narrow (collimated) beam passes through a volume, the beam will lose intensity to two processes: absorption and scattering.
Mass absorption coefficient, and mass scattering coefficient are defined as
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Mass attenuation coefficient
The mass attenuation coefficient, or mass narrow beam attenuation coefficient of a material is the attenuation coefficient normalized by the density of the material; that is, the attenuation per unit mass (rather than per unit of distance). Thus, it characterizes how easily a mass of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. In addition to visible light, mass attenuation coefficients can be defined for other electromagnetic radiation (such as X-rays), sound, or any other beam that can be attenuated. The SI unit of mass attenuation coefficient is the square metre per kilogram (m2/kg). Other common units include cm2/g (the most common unit for X-ray mass attenuation coefficients) and L⋅g−1⋅cm−1 (sometimes used in solution chemistry). Mass extinction coefficient is an old term for this quantity.
The mass attenuation coefficient can be thought of as a variant of absorption cross section where the effective area is defined per unit mass instead of per particle.
Mass attenuation coefficient is defined as
where
When using the mass attenuation coefficient, the Beer–Lambert law is written in alternative form as
where
When a narrow (collimated) beam passes through a volume, the beam will lose intensity to two processes: absorption and scattering.
Mass absorption coefficient, and mass scattering coefficient are defined as