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Metamucil
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Metamucil is a fiber supplement. Introduced in 1934 by G. D. Searle & Company (now G.D. Searle, LLC), Metamucil was acquired by Procter & Gamble in 1985. It is named after the class of fiber that it utilizes (mucilage). In its early years, Metamucil achieved sporadic drug-store distribution as a "behind the counter" brand. Since 1974, the brand was also marketed to consumers by print and TV advertising and became available in food outlets. Flavored versions were added in 1979.

Key Information

Products

[edit]
Metamucil Psyllium powder

The brand is sold as powdered drink mixes, capsules and wafers in a variety of flavors. Metamucil contains psyllium seed husks as the active ingredient. It is manufactured in Phoenix, Arizona by Procter & Gamble.[1] When first marketed to consumers in 1974, Metamucil was marketed as a laxative. The advertising slogan at that time was "If not nature, then Metamucil". Procter & Gamble sought to make Metamucil a household name by advertising in magazines and on television, using the claim "All fiber is not created equal".[2] The target group was older people who are more likely to suffer from constipation.

On October 4, 2013, Procter & Gamble partnered with Tony Danza to organize the “Do More Than You Think”[3] contest to promote and fund health and wellness charities. The main prize was the chance to select the charity that would receive a $100,000 donation from Procter & Gamble.

References

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Metamucil

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Metamucil is an over-the-counter supplement brand primarily composed of husk, a soluble derived from the seeds of the plant. It functions as a bulk-forming that absorbs water in the intestines to increase stool bulk and promote regularity, helping to relieve occasional . Introduced in 1934 by G.D. Searle & Company, the product was acquired by in 1985 and continues to be owned by them as of 2025, remaining a leading option for supplementation in various forms including powders, capsules, and wafers. The primary ingredient, husk, gels upon contact with water in the digestive tract, which not only aids in bowel movements but also supports additional health benefits such as lowering levels by binding to bile acids and helping maintain healthy blood sugar levels when taken with meals. Clinical evidence supports these effects, with studies showing that daily intake of psyllium fiber can reduce LDL by 5-10% in individuals with hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, Metamucil is often recommended for its role in appetite control, as the fiber promotes a feeling of fullness, potentially aiding efforts. Available in flavored and unflavored varieties, both with and without , Metamucil products are generally considered safe for daily use when taken with adequate fluids to prevent or gastrointestinal obstruction. Common side effects include or gas, particularly when starting supplementation, and it is advised to begin with a low dose and increase gradually. As a non-prescription , it is classified by the FDA as a for short-term relief of , though its broader applications in heart health and glycemic control are backed by health authorities like the .

History

Development and Introduction

Metamucil was invented in 1934 by G.D. Searle & Company, a pharmaceutical firm founded in 1888 in , by Gideon Daniel Searle, initially as a young druggist's operation that relocated to in 1890 and later incorporated in Chicago in 1908. The product emerged as the first effective, non-irritating bulk-forming laxative, utilizing psyllium husk to address without the harsh effects of traditional remedies. The name "Metamucil" derives from a blend of the Greek prefix "meta," signifying change or transformation, and "," referring to the gel-like substance produced when husk absorbs water, highlighting the product's mechanism in promoting digestive regularity. This innovation occurred amid the , a time of economic hardship for the company following a 1929 sales decline and regulatory challenges, prompting leadership under John G. Searle to streamline the product line to about 30 high-potential items and pursue national expansion. Initial formulations consisted of 100% natural fiber, marketed as a gentle, plant-based solution for relief to meet consumer demand for reliable digestive aids during an era of limited healthcare access. By filling a market niche for non-irritating options, Metamucil quickly gained traction, eventually becoming the top-selling in the United States and sustaining that position for decades.

Ownership Changes

G.D. Searle & Company was founded in 1888 by Gideon Daniel Searle, a young druggist, in , initially focusing on pharmaceutical manufacturing before evolving into a major player in the industry. The company relocated to in 1890 and expanded its portfolio to include over-the-counter products like Metamucil, introduced in 1934. In 1985, acquired G.D. Searle & Company, but as part of the transaction, (P&G) purchased Searle's business, including Metamucil and the associated manufacturing plant, for an undisclosed amount. This acquisition integrated Metamucil into P&G's growing portfolio of consumer health products, such as Dramamine. Under P&G ownership, Metamucil benefited from expanded production at the acquired Phoenix facility, which became the primary site for its manufacture starting in the late 1980s. P&G also invested in , leading to innovations like the 1995 issuance of US Patent 5,445,831 for psyllium-containing products with small husks to improve . This period saw a push for of P&G's OTC brands, enhancing Metamucil's international availability amid the company's broader expansion into developing markets.

Composition

Active Ingredient

The active ingredient in Metamucil is husk, derived from the seed coats of the plant, also known as blond , which is native to and . This annual produces small, oval seeds covered by a thin husk layer that is rich in , harvested primarily from regions in , , and , , where it is cultivated on a large scale. Chemically, husk consists primarily of soluble in the form of , a gel-forming substance that swells upon contact with water, making up approximately 70-80% of its composition. This is predominantly composed of arabinoxylans, which are complex featuring a backbone of β-1,4-linked D-xylose units substituted with L-arabinose side chains, along with smaller amounts of uronic acids, , , and other monosaccharides. The arabinoxylans account for 55-70% of the husk's dry weight, contributing to its high and water-holding capacity of up to 40 times its own weight. In terms of its mechanism, husk functions as a bulk-forming agent by absorbing water in the , which causes it to expand and form a viscous gel that increases stool volume while softening its consistency to facilitate , the wave-like muscle contractions that move contents through the intestines. This process occurs without systemic absorption, as the remains largely intact and non-fermentable in the upper gut, passing through the digestive to exert its local effects. Psyllium husk is sourced by harvesting mature seeds, which are then cleaned, dehusked, and milled into a fine to isolate the outer seed coat layer. Processing ensures removal of extraneous matter, with purity standards regulated by bodies like the FDA, which requires no less than 95% purity for soluble content in psyllium husk used in health claims on labels. This high-purity forms the core of Metamucil products, maintaining consistent levels above 85% in commercial formulations.

Formulations and Variants

Metamucil formulations incorporate husk as the primary , enhanced with various additives to improve , texture, and stability. Common additives include sweeteners such as in original versions and or in sugar-free options, along with flavors like natural and artificial orange or extracts. Stabilizers such as and are also frequently used to aid mixing and prevent clumping. Variants differ primarily in texture and additional components. The original coarse powder maintains a gritty consistency for traditional use, while smooth or fine-texture versions utilize processed for easier dissolution in liquids. Multi-health formulas may include added vitamins or minerals alongside the base , and premium blends feature plant-based sweeteners like with naturally sourced colors. Most Metamucil formulations accommodate specific dietary needs, being -free with less than 20 parts per million of across powder and capsule variants. They are vegan, derived entirely from plant sources without animal-derived ingredients. Low-carb options, particularly sugar-free varieties, provide approximately 2 grams of net carbohydrates per serving, while content ranges from 15 to 30 s in sugar-free powders compared to about 80 in sugared ones. Under Procter & Gamble's ownership starting in 1985, formulations evolved to include sugar-free options by the late 1980s and 1990s, driven by on 's role in glycemic control for .

Medical Uses

Digestive Health

Metamucil, a husk-based supplement, is primarily used for the relief of occasional by absorbing water in the intestines to increase stool bulk and soften consistency, typically promoting a bowel movement within 12 to 72 hours. This bulk-forming action stimulates intestinal contractions, facilitating easier passage of stool and improving overall bowel regularity. The mechanism underlying its regularity-promoting effects involves the soluble in , which partially ferments in the colon to produce such as butyrate, thereby supporting gut motility and enhancing the function of the . Clinical studies have demonstrated 's in treating chronic , with sufficient evidence to recommend it as a first-line supplement for this condition, often showing improvements in stool frequency and consistency after consistent use. The recommended dosage for adults is typically one serving (about 3.4 grams of ) mixed with at least 8 ounces of water, taken 1 to 3 times daily, to ensure proper hydration and maximize effectiveness. Beyond constipation relief, provides mild benefits for occasional by absorbing excess water in the gut to firm up loose stools and regulate intestinal transit. It also promotes overall through prebiotic-like effects, positively altering the intestinal composition and increasing beneficial bacterial populations associated with improved .

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Benefits

Metamucil, containing husk as its primary , contributes to cardiovascular health primarily through its soluble content, which binds acids in the intestine and promotes their , thereby reducing circulating () cholesterol levels. This mechanism compels the liver to use more to produce , lowering overall serum . Clinical evidence supports that regular consumption of can reduce LDL by 5-10%, with the U.S. () authorizing a stating that diets low in and that include at least 7 grams of soluble from seed husk per day may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials further substantiate 's cholesterol-lowering effects, demonstrating significant reductions in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, which are associated with decreased cardiovascular risk. For instance, supplementation with approximately 7 grams of daily has been shown to lower total cholesterol levels, with greater efficacy observed in individuals with hypercholesterolemia or those on unrestricted diets. These improvements help mitigate atherosclerosis progression, a key factor in . When combined with , enhances cholesterol reduction comparably to doubling the dose, offering an adjunctive benefit for heart health management. In terms of metabolic benefits, aids blood sugar control by forming a viscous in the gut that slows absorption and reduces postprandial glucose spikes, which is particularly beneficial for individuals with . Clinical studies indicate that psyllium supplementation can decrease maximum postprandial glucose elevation by up to 20% when taken before meals, alongside improvements in fasting blood glucose and (HbA1c) levels. This glycemic modulation supports better insulin sensitivity and overall metabolic regulation without altering insulin concentrations directly. To achieve these cardiovascular and metabolic benefits, a typical dosage of 10-20 grams of per day is recommended, often divided into doses with meals and accompanied by adequate fluid intake; multi-health formulations of Metamucil may incorporate this amount to target both and blood management.

Other Therapeutic Applications

Beyond its primary roles in digestive regularity and cardiovascular , Metamucil, which contains husk as its , has been investigated for appetite control and . fiber promotes by forming a viscous in the that slows gastric emptying and expands to create a sense of fullness, potentially reducing overall intake. In randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials involving healthy volunteers, doses of 6.8 grams of taken before meals significantly reduced hunger and desire to eat while increasing fullness over three days, with effects observed across multiple assessments (p ≤ 0.004). These findings suggest 's utility in supporting efforts, though larger long-term studies are needed to quantify sustained impacts on body weight. Emerging evidence also points to Metamucil's potential in alleviating symptoms of (IBS), particularly in constipation-predominant cases, by normalizing stool consistency and transit time. A small of seven patients with various IBS subtypes (constipation, , and mixed) found that 20-25 grams of psyllium husk daily, combined with adequate hydration, resulted in over 90% symptom relief—including reduced , , and irregular bowel habits—after 12 weeks of treatment. Similarly, soluble supplements like Metamucil have been recommended for managing constipation-predominant IBS by improving stool bulk and frequency without exacerbating . Metamucil may aid in preventing by softening stools and reducing straining during , which decreases pressure on rectal veins. Clinical evidence indicates that supplementation significantly lowers bleeding and pain associated with compared to , with high-fiber intake (over 25 grams daily) effective for conservative management of early-grade cases. Doses of 20-25 grams of husk per day have been shown to halt disease progression, reduce prolapse size, and avoid surgery in many patients with advanced by addressing underlying disorders. Claims regarding Metamucil's role in or remain largely unsubstantiated by robust clinical data. While some reviews suggest may support liver through its fiber-mediated effects on excretion, evidence is primarily preclinical or observational, lacking large-scale human trials. For , traditional Ayurvedic practices attribute benefits like reduced irritations to , but modern research offers no strong validation beyond its general properties from gut improvements. Overall, these secondary applications are supported mostly by small or observational studies, and Metamucil is not FDA-approved for uses beyond effects and general benefits; consultation with healthcare providers is advised for off-label applications.

Products

Powder Supplements

Metamucil powder supplements represent the core of the brand's product lineup, featuring dissolvable psyllium-based formulations designed for easy integration into daily routines. The original coarse orange powder retains the gritty texture reminiscent of its early formulation, offering an authentic experience for users seeking traditional fiber supplementation. Smooth texture variants, such as orange and flavors, provide a finer consistency that dissolves more readily in liquids, enhancing palatability. Unflavored options, including coarse and clear mixing powders, are ideal for blending into foods like , smoothies, or baked goods without imparting additional taste. These powders are packaged in resealable canisters for bulk use, such as those containing 180 doses, and in single-serve foil packets for portability and precise portioning. A standard serving size consists of one rounded to , delivering approximately 5-6 grams of husk depending on the variant. To prepare, users mix the powder briskly with at least 8 ounces of cool liquid, such as , , or , and consume it promptly before it thickens. Varieties encompass sugar-free formulations sweetened with for low-calorie options and original sweetened versions using real for added flavor. Recent additions as of include Metamucil Fiber + Vitamins C, D & B12 sparkling powder in citrus flavor, which combines with added vitamins for immune and energy support, and Metamucil SuperGreens powder, a plant-based blend promoting regularity with superfoods. Positioned as a convenient means to achieve recommended daily intake, Metamucil powders emphasize regularity and overall digestive support in .

Capsule and Alternative Forms

Metamucil provides husk in capsule form as a convenient alternative to powder, consisting of veggie capsules that can be swallowed easily without preparation. Each serving of five capsules delivers at least 1.8 grams of soluble from husk, supporting digestive by forming a in the digestive system. These capsules are recommended to be taken one at a time with a full of to aid swallowing and ensure proper absorption. In addition to capsules, Metamucil offers Fiber Thins, which are crunchy wafer snacks designed for portable consumption. Available in flavors like cinnamon spice and , each serving of two wafers provides 5 grams of , including husk, with only 100 calories to appeal to those monitoring caloric intake. These thins combine with ingredients such as , oats, and natural flavors, offering a snack-like texture that eliminates the need for mixing or liquids. Metamucil also produces fiber gummies as a chewable option, targeting users who prefer a candy-like format. A serving of three gummies supplies 5 grams of from a prebiotic blend of derived from root and soluble corn (Fibersol), rather than , and is available in no-sugar-added orange flavor. This formulation includes 10 grams of total carbohydrates, with the fiber contributing to digestive balance through prebiotic nourishment of gut . These capsule, , and gummy forms emphasize portability and , making them suitable for on-the-go lifestyles or individuals who find powders unappealing, while maintaining the brand's focus on supplementation under Procter & Gamble's since 1985.

Side Effects and Precautions

Common Adverse Effects

The most common adverse effects associated with Metamucil use are mild gastrointestinal disturbances, primarily due to its husk content, which absorbs water and adds bulk to stool. These effects often include , , abdominal , and temporary changes in bowel habits, such as an initial increase in bowel movements as the body adjusts to the fiber supplement. Such symptoms occur in 1-10% of users and typically subside within a few days of continued use. Nausea or may also arise, particularly when introducing the product rapidly without gradual acclimation, but these effects generally resolve as dosing is adjusted over time. Mild can occur if Metamucil is overused or taken without sufficient fluid, leading to excessive water absorption in the intestines. To minimize these adverse effects, begin with a reduced dose—such as half a standard serving—and gradually increase to the recommended amount over several days, while ensuring at least 8 ounces of accompanies each dose and maintaining a daily of 8-10 glasses to support the water-absorbing properties of .

Serious Risks and Contraindications

Metamucil, containing husk, carries risks of or esophageal obstruction if not consumed with sufficient liquid, as the fiber can swell and block the throat or . This risk is heightened with dry forms like capsules, and individuals with difficulty should avoid it entirely. Rare but severe allergic reactions to in Metamucil can include manifesting as , difficulty breathing, or , particularly in those with prior exposure or . Contraindications for Metamucil use include a history of gastrointestinal obstruction, , symptoms of , acute abdominal conditions, gastrointestinal ulceration, , or , as these may exacerbate serious complications like impaction. Psyllium can interact with medications by delaying or reducing their absorption, such as with , where co-administration decreases the drug's oral and efficacy. It is recommended to separate Metamucil intake by at least two hours from other drugs to minimize interference. The FDA advises against using Metamucil in children under 6 years without physician consultation, due to potential risks of inadequate dosing or interactions in young patients.

Marketing and Availability

Advertising and Promotion

Metamucil's advertising evolved significantly over decades, beginning with a focus on its properties in the mid-20th century through print and early television promotions. After acquired the brand in from G.D. Searle & Co., marketing efforts intensified, repositioning it as a broader supplement. By the late , P&G sought regulatory approval to highlight cholesterol-lowering benefits, supported by clinical studies on fiber's effects. A pivotal shift occurred in 1998 when the FDA authorized health claims for soluble from , stating that diets low in and including 7 grams of soluble daily may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. This approval allowed Metamucil advertisements to prominently feature heart health alongside digestive regularity, marking a transition from laxative-centric messaging to multifaceted wellness promotion. In the post-2000s era under P&G, the "Feel What Lighter Feels Like" campaign emerged as a cornerstone of branding, emphasizing how the product's fiber traps and removes waste to promote a lighter, more energetic feeling. This theme appeared in television spots and , often tying into the product's multi-benefit profile. Central to these efforts is the promotion of Metamucil's "4-in-1" benefits: supporting digestive health for regularity, heart health by lowering , healthy blood sugar levels through slowed sugar absorption, and appetite control to reduce between meals. Advertisements, including TV commercials, underscore these advantages with visuals of everyday users experiencing improved well-being. Television campaigns have leveraged celebrity endorsements to build credibility and relatability. For instance, former player and TV host has appeared in multiple spots, sharing how Metamucil helps him maintain fullness, skip unhealthy snacks, and support management as part of his daily routine. These testimonials align with the brand's shift toward aspirational messaging. Digital initiatives complement traditional , such as the 2-Week Challenge, a promotional program launched to encourage consistent daily intake of Metamucil for two weeks. Participants receive tips, reminders, and trackers to foster habits around regularity and overall benefits, with the campaign tying back to the "Feel What Lighter Feels Like" .

Distribution and Regulations

Metamucil is available over-the-counter as a in pharmacies such as , supermarkets including and , and online retailers like Amazon and Walmart.com. In the United States, pricing typically ranges from $15 to $25 for a standard canister providing approximately 100-180 servings, depending on the variant and retailer. The product is manufactured by at a facility in , which serves as the primary production site for global distribution. Metamucil is sold internationally in numerous countries, leveraging P&G's extensive supply network to reach markets beyond the U.S. Under U.S. regulations, Metamucil is classified by the (FDA) as an over-the-counter drug for the relief of occasional , while its broader use as a supplement is subject to the Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). The active ingredient, psyllium husk, holds (GRAS) status for use in and supplements, based on of its when consumed as directed. FDA labeling requirements mandate clear disclosure of content, directions for use with adequate fluid intake, and warnings about potential choking hazards if not taken with sufficient water. The husk used in Metamucil is primarily sourced from , which supplies about 85% of the global market, with additional sourcing from . Regarding supply chain issues, issued a voluntary in January 2024 for certain Metamucil capsule products due to a labeling defect, though the products were confirmed safe for consumption. In 2023, a lawsuit alleged elevated lead levels in some Metamucil products, prompting concerns over potential contamination from sourcing, with independent tests in 2024 confirming lead presence in supplements at levels of concern (0.1–2.5 µg per serving), though below thresholds; the lawsuit was ongoing as of early 2025, and no formal FDA for contamination was issued.

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  106. https://www.consumerlab.com/news/best-psyllium-fiber-supplements-2024/02-29-2024/
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