Hubbry Logo
Presentation slidePresentation slideMain
Open search
Presentation slide
Community hub
Presentation slide
logo
7 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Presentation slide
Presentation slide
Presentation slide
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia

A slide is a single page of a presentation. A group of slides is called a slide deck. A slide show is an exposition of a series of slides or images in an electronic device or on a projection screen. Before personal computers, they were 35 mm slides viewed with a slide projector[1] or transparencies viewed with an overhead projector.

In the digital age, a slide most commonly refers to a single page developed using a presentation program such as MS PowerPoint, Apple Keynote, Google Slides, Apache OpenOffice or LibreOffice. Some are created with document markup language, such as the LaTeX-class Beamer. Lecture notes in slide format are lecture slides, frequently downloadable by students in .ppt or .pdf format.

Production software

[edit]

By the 1980s, presentation software created slides, with companies offering their development and delivery as fast as the next day.[2] Presentation slides can be created in many pieces of software such as Microsoft PowerPoint, Apple Keynote, LibreOffice Impress, Prezi, ClearSlide, Powtoon, GoAnimate, Snagit, Camtasia, CamStudio, SlideShare, and Reallusion.

Some software, like competitors PowToon and Vyond, produces slides with more animation. Others like CamStudio can be used to record the screen activity.[3]

The most popular pieces of slide producing software are Microsoft PowerPoint, Prezi, Apple Keynote, Google Slides and ClearSlide.[4]

Templates

[edit]

Typically in a set of slides (a "deck"), all the slides will have a similar layout template, controlling such factors as margins and headings.[9]

Sharing websites

[edit]

Some websites offer facilities to share slide presentations online.

SlideShare allows the user to share presentations publicly or privately. Slides can be uploaded in various ways, via email and through social media are the most common ways of sharing the slides.[10]

AuthorSTREAM only allows the user to upload PowerPoint presentation slides. On this website users can give feedback by rating presentations and posting comments.[11]

SlideBoom turns slide presentations into Adobe Flash so they can be viewed without slide presentation software.[12][13]

SlideOnline allows the user to upload PowerPoint presentations and share them as a web page in any device or to embed them in WordPress as part of the posts comments.[14]

Another way of sharing slides is by turning them into a video. PowerPoint allows users to export a presentation to video (.mp4 or .wmv).[15]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Presentation slide

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
A presentation slide is a single visual unit within a digital or physical designed to convey key information, ideas, or data during a spoken presentation, often featuring text, images, charts, or elements arranged on a canvas-like layout. These slides serve as visual aids to support the presenter's narrative, breaking down complex messages into digestible segments for audiences in educational, , or settings. The concept of presentation slides evolved from early methods, progressing through 19th-century lantern slides projected via magic lanterns for lectures and entertainment. In the mid-20th century, overhead projectors became widespread in the 1960s, allowing presenters to use transparent acetate sheets with handwritten or typed content for business meetings and classrooms. The digital era began in the early 1980s with the emergence of presentation software, such as in 1986, enabling computer-generated slides that could be edited and projected via early personal computers. Microsoft PowerPoint, released in 1987 for Macintosh and acquired by Microsoft in the same year, revolutionized the field by introducing user-friendly tools for creating, animating, and transitioning between slides, with its first Windows version launching in 1990. Today, presentation slides are primarily created using software like PowerPoint, Google Slides, or Keynote, which support templates, multimedia integration, and real-time collaboration. Key components of an effective slide include concise text in bulleted lists limited to 5-6 words per line, high-contrast visuals such as images or graphs for clarity, consistent formatting via slide masters for branding and readability, and minimal clutter to focus audience attention. Best practices emphasize one central idea per slide, sans-serif fonts at 18-24 point size for legibility, and the use of white space to avoid overwhelming viewers, ensuring slides enhance rather than replace the spoken content.

Definition and History

Overview and Purpose

A presentation slide is a single visual unit in slideshow software, designed to convey key information through a combination of text, images, charts, or elements that complement and support the presenter's spoken narration. These slides function as visual aids rather than standalone documents, allowing the audience to focus on the speaker while reinforcing core messages without overwhelming with excessive detail. The origins of presentation slides trace back to the , when overhead projectors and transparent foil slides first gained prominence as tools for projecting handwritten or typed content onto screens during lectures and meetings. Invented by Roger Appeldorn at in the early , this technology marked a shift from static blackboards and flip charts to dynamic visual projection, laying the groundwork for later digital iterations. At their core, presentation slides enhance audience engagement by capturing attention through visuals, summarize complex information to aid comprehension and retention, and facilitate structured delivery in diverse contexts such as business pitches, educational instruction, and conference talks. By distilling ideas into digestible formats, they help presenters organize thoughts logically and guide discussions toward specific outcomes like or information sharing. As of 2019, estimates indicated over 35 million presentations created daily worldwide, demonstrating their essential role in professional communication across industries. Recent sources as of 2025 continue to cite similar figures around 30-35 million daily. This scale underscores how slides have become indispensable for effective and support. Effective use of slides often incorporates principles focused on and to maximize their communicative impact.

Evolution from Early Visual Aids

The evolution of presentation slides began in the pre-digital era with analog visual aids that facilitated the projection of images and text during lectures and meetings. In the , Eastman Kodak introduced , a color , which enabled the creation of 35mm slides for photographic projections, marking a significant advancement in for educational and professional settings. By the and , these 35mm slides gained popularity for their portability and clarity, often used in corporate training and academic presentations, with dominating production. Concurrently, overhead transparencies emerged as a versatile alternative; in the early , developed the modern , invented by researcher Roger Appeldorn, which allowed presenters to project handwritten or typed sheets using a bright lamp and , revolutionizing real-time visual aids in classrooms and boardrooms. Through the 1970s, these tools—producing an estimated 500 million transparencies annually by the mid-1980s—became staples in and , emphasizing static, reproducible content over complex animations. The transition to digital presentation slides accelerated in the late 1980s, driven by advancements in personal computing and software. Harvard Graphics, released in 1982, was the first software for creating digital presentation slides. In April 1987, Forethought Inc. launched PowerPoint 1.0 for Macintosh computers, the first software designed specifically for creating and projecting electronic slides, initially outputting black-and-white overhead transparencies to replace manual production. Just three months later, in July 1987, Microsoft acquired Forethought for $14 million, integrating PowerPoint into its productivity suite and expanding it to Windows platforms by 1990, which facilitated broader adoption in corporate environments. This shift was complemented by hardware innovations, such as the introduction of LCD projectors in the late 1980s by inventors like Gene Dolgoff, with commercial models becoming widespread in the 1990s, enabling direct projection of computer-generated slides without physical media. By the mid-1990s, PowerPoint 4.0 and subsequent versions supported color slides and basic transitions, diminishing reliance on analog 35mm and transparencies while standardizing digital workflows. Key milestones in the 2000s marked the rise of web-based presentation tools, expanding accessibility beyond desktop software. In 2006, Google introduced its online presentation application as part of (later rebranded as in 2012), allowing real-time collaboration and cloud storage, which democratized slide creation for remote teams. By 2003, PowerPoint alone generated over $1 billion in annual revenue for , reflecting its entrenchment in global business practices, with installations on more than 500 million computers and 30 million daily presentations. The 2010s further integrated animations and interactivity into presentation slides, enhancing engagement through dynamic elements. PowerPoint 2010 introduced advanced embedding, , and improved collaboration features, while tools like , launched in 2009, popularized non-linear, zoomable canvases for interactive storytelling, diverging from traditional slide sequences. By 2010, PowerPoint was installed on over 1 billion computers worldwide, underscoring its ubiquity. In the , features, such as in PowerPoint (introduced in 2023) and AI suggestions in , further evolved slides by automating design, content generation, and personalization, enhancing efficiency and creativity as of 2025. This progression from static analog aids to dynamic, digital slides profoundly influenced global , shifting presentations from passive image projection to interactive narratives that facilitate persuasion and . Scholarly analyses highlight how PowerPoint's visual structure aids in sessions, with its bullet-point format standardizing and enhancing comprehension in professional . The tools' widespread adoption has transformed corporate meetings, enabling concise data visualization and audience retention, though it also prompted critiques of over-reliance on templated visuals.

Key Components

Text and Content Elements

Text and content elements form the foundational structure of presentation slides, conveying core messages through concise verbal components that support the speaker's narrative without overwhelming the audience. These elements typically include headings, bullet points, and limited body text, designed to guide attention and reinforce spoken explanations rather than serve as a script. Effective use of text prioritizes clarity and brevity to maintain engagement, drawing from established communication principles that emphasize audience retention during live delivery. Headings serve as the primary for each slide, stating the main idea or question in a direct, declarative to act as a signpost for the content that follows. For instance, a heading might read "Key Factors in Project Success" to immediately orient the viewer. Bullet points and body text then expand on this hierarchically, with subpoints detailing supporting ideas and minimal elaboration on finer details, ensuring a logical flow from title to specifics. This structure—title above subpoints above details—helps organize complex information into digestible layers, typically limiting subpoints to no more than three per slide to avoid dilution of the central message. Brevity is a rule for text elements, with guidelines recommending no more than 5-7 lines of text per slide to prevent cognitive overload and promote . The "6x6 rule" further refines this by suggesting a maximum of six bullet points, each limited to six words, to foster clarity and reduce clutter. Similarly, the rule of seven advocates for 5-7 bullet points or lines, keeping each to a few words for optimal retention. These constraints ensure slides act as visual aids rather than dense documents, aligning with the principle of one main idea per slide to sustain audience focus. Content strategies emphasize summarizing key messages through phrases or fragments rather than full sentences, which can tempt audiences to read ahead and disengage from the presenter. Bullet points should employ action-oriented or keyword-driven , omitting articles like "the" or "a" to streamline reading. For integrating , tables and lists distill numerical or categorical information into scannable formats, such as a simple bulleted list of metrics or a compact table highlighting trends, while quotes are presented sparingly—often as short excerpts with line breaks and emphasis on key phrases—to add without dominating the slide. This approach avoids verbatim transcription, encouraging verbal elaboration during delivery. A prominent example comes from TED Talks, where speakers adhere to the "one idea per slide" guideline to amplify impact, as seen in presentations by experts like David JP Phillips, who limits text to evocative phrases that underscore a single claim, allowing visuals to complement the spoken story.

Visual and Multimedia Elements

Visual elements in presentation slides play a crucial role in conveying information beyond text, with common types including photographs for capturing real-world scenes, icons for quick symbolic references, and diagrams for explaining complex structures or flows. Photographs offer contextual realism, icons simplify abstract ideas through universal symbols, and diagrams such as flowcharts or schematics clarify relationships and sequences. These can be sourced from reputable stock libraries like , which provides free, high-resolution, royalty-free images suitable for professional use without copyright concerns. Charts and graphs enhance data presentation by transforming numerical information into visual formats, including for comparing categories, pie charts for showing parts of a whole, and line charts for illustrating changes over time. To maintain accuracy and avoid misleading interpretations, designers should adhere to guidelines such as using two-dimensional representations instead of 3D effects, which can distort perceived values through occlusion or perspective illusions. Additionally, axes must begin at zero to prevent exaggeration of differences, ensuring viewers interpret proportions correctly. Multimedia integration adds dynamism to slides through embedded videos for demonstrating processes, animations for emphasizing key movements or sequences, and audio clips for supplementary narration or sound effects. these elements directly into slides ensures reliable playback across devices, but large file sizes from uncompressed media can slow loading times and increase overall presentation file weight, so techniques like video trimming or audio compression are recommended to optimize performance. Shorter clips, ideally under a few minutes, further reduce file sizes while maintaining engagement. Accessibility considerations are essential for inclusive slides, requiring alternative text (alt text) for images to provide descriptive equivalents readable by screen readers, such as "A showing sales growth from 2020 to 2025." For audio elements, full transcripts must be supplied to convey spoken content in text form, enabling users with hearing impairments or those preferring textual review to access the information fully. These practices align with web standards, ensuring multimedia elements do not exclude any audience members.

Design Principles

Layout and Structure

The layout and of a presentation slide refer to the systematic of visual and textual elements to facilitate clear communication and comprehension. Effective layouts employ underlying frameworks that dictate element placement, ensuring balance and logical progression across the slide and the overall deck. These frameworks draw from principles adapted for digital slides, promoting spatial harmony without overwhelming the viewer. Grid systems form the foundational structure for slide layouts, providing invisible guides that align elements for balanced composition. In presentation software like PowerPoint, built-in templates often incorporate grid-based arrangements, such as manuscript or column grids, to standardize object positioning and maintain consistency across slides. For instance, alignment grids ensure that text, images, and graphics snap to predefined lines, preventing haphazard placement and enhancing visual coherence. A key application is the rule of thirds, which divides the slide into a 3x3 grid to position focal points at intersection lines, creating dynamic tension and guiding viewer attention more effectively than centered compositions. This principle, borrowed from photography and visual arts, helps achieve proportional balance in slides by avoiding symmetrical overcrowding. Flow and within a slide's direct the 's eye through content in a predictable manner, typically following a top-to-bottom reading akin to Western textual conventions. Designers use size, positioning, and proximity to establish , with prominent elements at the top drawing initial focus and subordinate details cascading downward. Whitespace plays a crucial role here, acting as that separates elements and channels eye movement, reducing and emphasizing key information. Ample whitespace around headlines and visuals prevents clutter, allowing the audience to ideas sequentially without distraction. can briefly enhance this by varying font weights to reinforce hierarchical levels, though the primary emphasis remains on spatial cues. Slide transitions, in the context of deck sequencing, involve the basic order and progression of slides to maintain narrative continuity, rather than focusing on animated effects between individual elements. A well-structured deck sequences slides logically—such as problem-solution-result—to build arguments progressively, ensuring each slide advances the overall message without abrupt shifts. This sequencing relies on consistent layout templates across the deck, where recurring grid alignments reinforce thematic flow and prevent disorientation. Common pitfalls in slide layout include overcrowding, where excessive elements violate grid principles and disrupt hierarchy, leading to audience fatigue and reduced retention. This issue, famously critiqued as "death by PowerPoint," arises from packing too much content into limited space, often resulting in dense bullet lists that hinder and eye flow. Edward Tufte further highlighted how such overcrowded slides impose a shallow , prioritizing hierarchical bullets over substantive analysis. To mitigate this, designers advocate adhering strictly to grid constraints and whitespace guidelines, limiting slides to one core idea each.

Color, Typography, and Readability

Effective use of color in presentation slides relies on principles of to create visual harmony and engagement. Complementary color schemes, which pair colors opposite each other on the such as and orange, provide and draw attention to key elements without overwhelming the viewer. These schemes are particularly useful for accents, while analogous schemes using adjacent colors like and promote a cohesive, calming effect suitable for informational slides. Additionally, to accommodate viewers with deficiencies, avoid using color alone to convey information; instead, incorporate patterns, labels, or textures to differentiate elements. Contrast ratios between text and background are crucial for legibility, with the (WCAG) recommending a minimum of 4.5:1 for normal text to ensure readability for users with low vision. For large text, defined as 18 points or 14 points bold, the threshold lowers to 3:1, accommodating headings while maintaining accessibility. Brand consistency in color selection reinforces organizational identity, such as using a monochromatic scheme derived from a company's primary color to build familiarity across slides. Typography in presentations prioritizes clarity, with sans-serif fonts like or recommended for screen display due to their clean lines and reduced visual noise compared to serif alternatives. Body text should use a minimum font size of 24 points to remain legible from a distance, while headings can range from 36 to 44 points for emphasis. Line spacing of 1.2 to 1.5 times the font size prevents text from appearing cramped, enhancing overall flow and comprehension. Readability extends to the harmony between background and foreground elements, where high contrast ensures text stands out without blending into patterned or busy backgrounds. Avoiding all caps for body text is essential, as it creates uniform word shapes that slow recognition and reduce scanning efficiency. Cultural considerations in color choice are vital for global audiences; for instance, red signifies danger and caution in Western contexts but represents luck and prosperity in . To verify these elements, designers can use online tools like the WebAIM Contrast Checker, which evaluates foreground and background colors against WCAG standards by inputting hex values or using an eyedropper for on-screen sampling. Similarly, the TPGi Colour Contrast Analyser provides detailed ratios and pass/fail assessments for WCAG AA and AAA compliance, helping refine slides for accessibility.

Creation and Tools

Production Software

Microsoft PowerPoint, first released on April 20, 1987, for Macintosh computers, stands as the market leader in presentation software, holding an estimated 95% share of the global market since the late 1990s. Developed initially by Forethought Inc. and acquired by Microsoft, it offers core features such as slide creation, customizable layouts, and animation timelines that allow users to sequence transitions and effects precisely. A key innovation is SmartArt, introduced in the 2007 version, which enables the quick creation of professional diagrams, charts, and graphics from text input to visualize hierarchical or process-based information. PowerPoint integrates seamlessly with the broader Microsoft Office suite, supporting data import from Excel and Word for enhanced productivity in business and educational settings. Recent AI enhancements include Copilot, introduced in 2023, which uses generative AI to create slides, suggest content, and automate design based on user prompts. Google Slides, launched in 2006 as part of (formerly Google Docs), provides a cloud-based alternative emphasizing real-time collaboration, where multiple users can edit slides simultaneously with changes visible instantly. This feature supports version history tracking and commenting, making it ideal for remote teams. Like PowerPoint, it includes slide creation tools, animation timelines for building effects, and integration with apps such as Sheets for embedding live data. As of 2024, it incorporates Gemini AI for generating images, summarizing content, and providing design suggestions. Alternatives include Apple Keynote, introduced in 2003 for macOS and , which focuses on high-quality visuals with cinematic transitions like Magic Move for seamless object animations between slides. It supports slide creation, timeline-based animations, and integration with Apple's ecosystem, including for syncing. Open-source options like LibreOffice Impress offer similar core functionalities, including slide design, animation sequencing, and compatibility with office suites, while supporting the Open Document Presentation (ODP) format for cross-platform use. These tools commonly feature built-in templates to accelerate production by providing pre-designed layouts that users can customize for consistent branding and structure. Market trends indicate robust growth in the presentation software sector, with reaching over 650 million active users globally as of 2023, driven by hybrid work demands and AI enhancements for design automation. The overall market, valued at approximately $6.0 billion in 2023 and $6.7 billion in 2024, is projected to expand at a of over 13% through 2031, reflecting increased adoption of cloud-based and collaborative features.

Templates and Customization

Presentation templates provide pre-designed layouts that streamline the creation of slides by offering structured starting points tailored to specific contexts. These templates typically include theme-based designs, such as corporate themes featuring clean lines and branding elements for reports, or academic themes with structured formats for lectures and presentations. Slide masters, a core feature in software like , serve as the foundational layer for consistent branding across all slides, allowing users to define default layouts, backgrounds, and elements that propagate uniformly. Templates are sourced from both built-in libraries within presentation software, such as the default themes in PowerPoint or , and third-party platforms that offer extensive collections. Sites like SlidesCarnival provide free, downloadable templates compatible with PowerPoint and , emphasizing versatile designs for various professional needs. Envato Elements, a subscription-based marketplace, delivers premium templates with high customization potential, including options for PowerPoint, , and , often used for polished corporate and creative projects. Customization techniques enable users to adapt templates to specific requirements, enhancing flexibility without starting from scratch. Common methods include modifying color schemes to align with brand palettes, adjusting fonts for readability and style consistency, and resizing or repositioning placeholders for text, images, or charts. For iterative designs, versioning involves duplicating slide masters to create variants, allowing experimentation with layouts while maintaining core elements, which supports collaborative refinements over multiple project stages. The primary benefits of templates lie in their efficiency gains, with studies indicating up to a 50% reduction in creation time compared to building slides from blank canvases, as they eliminate repetitive formatting tasks. This time-saving aspect is particularly evident in tools like , where drag-and-drop templates allow users to swap elements intuitively—for instance, replacing placeholder graphics in a corporate pitch deck with custom visuals while preserving the overall theme. Overall, templates promote professional consistency and accessibility, enabling even non-designers to produce high-quality slides efficiently.

Distribution and Collaboration

Export and Sharing Formats

Presentation slides are exported in various formats to enable distribution and viewing independent of the original creation software. The PPTX format, based on the Office Open XML standard introduced by in 2007, supports editable content with compression to reduce file size while preserving text, images, and animations. PDF exports provide a static, non-editable representation that ensures consistent layout and typography across different devices and viewers, making it ideal for formal distribution. Video formats such as MP4 allow for self-contained, playable exports that simulate slide transitions and timings, suitable for embedding in videos or standalone playback. Cross-platform compatibility issues often arise during sharing, particularly with PPTX files where font embedding may fail due to licensing restrictions on certain typefaces, resulting in automatic substitution and potential layout shifts on recipient systems. Variations between Windows and macOS can further affect rendering of images, colors, and alignments, necessitating testing across environments before distribution. To optimize for email sharing, where attachments are typically limited to 25 MB, techniques include compressing embedded media, removing unused master slides, and discarding edit data, which can reduce file sizes by up to 50% without significant quality loss. Security features in exports help protect during sharing. Password protection, implemented via in software like PowerPoint, restricts opening or modifying the file, with options to set separate passwords for viewing and editing. Watermarking adds semi-transparent text or images to slides, applied through slide masters to persist across exports like PDF, deterring unauthorized use though it can be removed in editable formats without additional measures. The evolution of export options in the 2010s marked a shift toward formats, enabling interactive, browser-based presentations that support animations and multimedia without proprietary plugins, as adopted in tools for . These formats facilitate further sharing on online platforms for collaborative viewing.

Online Platforms and Websites

Online platforms and websites have transformed the creation, collaboration, and distribution of presentation slides by providing cloud-based services that enable seamless hosting and sharing. These services allow users to upload, edit, and present slides without relying on local software, fostering accessibility across devices and geographies. Key platforms include , which was acquired by in 2012 for $119 million and sold to in 2020, serving as a repository for professional presentations and documents that, as of September 2025, attracts over 70 million monthly users. In September 2025, underwent a major rebranding under , introducing AI-powered tools to enhance knowledge sharing. Another prominent example is , founded in 2009, which offers a distinctive zooming interface as an alternative to traditional linear slide decks, enabling dynamic, non-sequential storytelling in presentations. , part of , further exemplifies this ecosystem by integrating slide creation directly into a broader suite of productivity tools. Collaboration features on these platforms emphasize real-time interaction to streamline . In , multiple users can edit presentations simultaneously, with changes visible instantly to all participants, alongside threaded comments for feedback and suggestions. Additionally, version history in tracks all modifications, allowing users to revert to previous iterations and identify who made specific edits, which supports accountability in group projects. Platforms like and also incorporate commenting and co-editing capabilities, though stands out for its seamless integration with other Google services, such as Drive for file storage. Sharing methods on these websites prioritize flexibility and control, including public embeds for website integration and private links for restricted access. enables users to embed presentations on blogs or sites via simple code snippets, facilitating broader dissemination while maintaining the original interactive format. Private sharing options, such as password-protected links in and , ensure sensitive content reaches only intended recipients. tools further enhance sharing by providing insights into viewer engagement; for instance, tracks total views and time spent on shared presentations, helping creators refine future content. offers detailed metrics on views, downloads, and geographic reach, allowing presenters to measure impact effectively. Post-2020 trends reflect the rise of virtual presentations, with platforms increasingly integrating with video conferencing tools like Zoom to support remote delivery. Google Slides, for example, allows direct import and presentation within Zoom meetings, streamlining workflows for hybrid events. Prezi's Video feature embeds the presenter alongside slides in Zoom sessions, enhancing engagement during online webinars. These integrations, accelerated by the shift to , have made platforms more versatile for global audiences, with analytics often extended to track live interaction metrics.

References

  1. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/basic-tasks-for-creating-a-powerpoint-presentation-efbbc1cd-c5f1-4264-b48e-c8a7b0334e36
  2. https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/08/11/1077232/corporate-presentations-history/
  3. https://computerhistory.org/blog/slide-logic-the-emergence-of-presentation-software-and-the-prehistory-of-powerpoint/
  4. https://www.ithistory.org/db/software/software-publishing-corporation/harvard-graphics
  5. https://www.hult.edu/blog/brief-history-of-powerpoint/
  6. https://ctl.columbia.edu/faculty/sapp/slide-design/
  7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8638955/
  8. https://edtechmagazine.com/k12/article/2013/02/vision-learning-history-classroom-projectors
  9. https://teachempowered.org/the-overhead-projector-a-visual-history/
  10. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365-life-hacks/presentations/five-reasons-to-use-visual-aids-for-speeches-and-presentations
  11. https://slm.mba/mmpc-007/what-is-a-presentation-understanding-its-purpose-and-importance/
  12. https://www.prezent.ai/blog/types-of-presentations
  13. https://www.forbes.com/sites/chriswestfall/2019/10/19/the-3-step-strategy-for-powerful-powerpoint-presentations/
  14. https://www.sketchbubble.com/blog/fascinating-powerpoint-statistics-to-amaze-you/
  15. https://www.tate.org.uk/about-us/projects/dying-technologies-end-35-mm-slide-transparencies
  16. https://legacybox.com/blogs/analog/history-of-photo-slides
  17. https://edtechmagazine.com/k12/article/2017/02/3m-overhead-projectors-began-new-era-classroom-visual-aids
  18. https://www.robertgaskins.com/powerpoint-history/documents/gaskins-powerpoint-summary-and-review-1986-jul-15.pdf
  19. https://www.robertgaskins.com/powerpoint-history/
  20. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-07-31-fi-319-story.html
  21. https://www.avplanners.com/blog/the-history-of-the-lcd-projector
  22. https://www.brightcarbon.com/blog/google-slides-june-18-update/
  23. https://slidemarvels.com/digital-presentation-evolution-key-milestones-in-powerpoint/
  24. https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/company-news/meet-copilot-your-everyday-ai-companion/
  25. https://sms.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/smj.2727
  26. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2329490615589171
  27. https://nulab.com/learn/strategy-and-planning/make-presentation-outline-step-step-guide/
  28. https://twistly.ai/the-rule-of-seven-optimal-slide-content-for-maximum-retention/
  29. https://prezentium.com/6-ways-to-use-bullet-points-for-presentations/
  30. https://ideas.ted.com/6-dos-and-donts-for-next-level-slides-from-a-ted-presentation-expert/
  31. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/tips-for-creating-and-delivering-an-effective-presentation-f43156b0-20d2-4c51-8345-0c337cefb88b
  32. https://stephanieevergreen.com/how-to-effectively-present-quotes/
  33. https://singjupost.com/how-to-avoid-death-by-powerpoint-david-jp-phillips-at-tedxstockholmsalon-transcript/
  34. https://www.monash.edu/student-academic-success/build-digital-capabilities/use-and-create-digital-content/use-images-effectively
  35. https://unsplash.com/license
  36. https://guides.library.duke.edu/datavis/topten
  37. https://uxdesign.cc/an-overview-of-common-data-visualization-mistakes-d2042c0bb7c6
  38. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/tips-for-improving-audio-and-video-playback-and-compatibility-in-powerpoint-a3458b91-684a-4104-9a3f-697967a34755
  39. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED588350.pdf
  40. https://www.section508.gov/create/alternative-text/
  41. https://www.w3.org/WAI/media/av/transcripts/
  42. https://libguides.utk.edu/libguide-accessibility/alt-text
  43. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270149728_Between_the_grid_and_composition_Layout_in_PowerPoint%27s_design_and_use
  44. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1461&context=stu_hon_theses
  45. https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/visual-hierarchy
  46. https://sixminutes.dlugan.com/sequence-presentation/
  47. https://www.smallbusinesscomputing.com/software/death-by-powerpoint/
  48. https://slidemodel.com/color-theory-for-presentations/
  49. https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/contrast-minimum.html
  50. https://learn.aippt.com/best-practices-for-powerpoint-typography-and-text-readability/
  51. https://www.arl.org/accessibility-guidelines-for-powerpoint-presentations/
  52. https://accessibility.huit.harvard.edu/design-readability
  53. https://eriksen.com/marketing/color_culture/
  54. https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/
  55. https://www.tpgi.com/color-contrast-checker/
  56. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365-life-hacks/presentations/presenting-powerpoint-a-retrospective
  57. https://slidelizard.com/en/blog/powerpoint-history-and-versions
  58. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/learn-more-about-smartart-graphics-6ea4fdb0-aa40-4fa9-9348-662d8af6ca2c
  59. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/create-a-smartart-graphic-from-scratch-fac94c93-500b-4a0a-97af-124040594842
  60. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/powerpoint/ai-powerpoint-generator
  61. https://workspace.google.com/products/slides/
  62. https://learn.aippt.com/the-evolution-of-google-slides-features-every-professional-should-know/
  63. https://presentationmagic.com/2014/10/01/transitions/
  64. https://support.apple.com/guide/keynote/whats-new-tan700f60676/mac
  65. https://books.libreoffice.org/en/IG72/IG7201-IntroducingImpress.html
  66. https://www.patronum.io/key-google-workspace-statistics-for-2023
  67. https://www.verifiedmarketresearch.com/product/presentation-software-market/
  68. https://www.openpr.com/news/3561407/presentation-software-market-2024-2033-industry-analysis
  69. https://www.slidescarnival.com/tag/business
  70. https://www.canva.com/presentations/templates/university/
  71. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/customize-a-slide-master-036d317b-3251-4237-8ddc-22f4668e2b56
  72. https://www.slidescarnival.com/
  73. https://elements.envato.com/presentation-templates
  74. https://www.presentationload.com/blog/powerpoint-slide-masters/
  75. https://genppt.com/blog/powerpoint-edit-template
  76. https://www.theanalystacademy.com/presentation-creation-cut-time-by-50/
  77. https://www.canva.com/presentations/templates/
  78. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/file-formats-that-are-supported-in-powerpoint-252c6fa0-a4bc-41be-ac82-b77c9773f9dc
  79. https://www.presentationload.com/blog/file-formats-export-options-powerpoint-part-2/
  80. https://virbo.wondershare.com/ai-video-presentation/powerpoint-presentation-video-format.html
  81. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/microsoft-365-apps/powerpoint/fonts-not-embedded
  82. https://community.spiceworks.com/t/cross-platform-issues-creating-ppt-on-mac-then-opening-on-a-windows-machine/534849
  83. https://www.presentationload.com/blog/reduce-file-size-powerpoint-presentations/
  84. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/password-protection-for-presentations-in-powerpoint-33dfadad-f231-4bd1-8bf6-d15e1671da41
  85. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/add-a-watermark-to-your-slides-1246244d-f465-4e4f-b9f9-49acdae00ff1
  86. https://atomisystems.com/tutorials/ap9/export-projects-to-html5-files/
  87. https://www.businessinsider.com/the-top-indians-in-tech-2014-3
  88. https://techcrunch.com/2020/08/11/scribd-acquires-slideshare/
  89. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/slideshare-rebrands-to-inspire-a-new-era-of-knowledge-sharing-302565106.html
  90. https://prezi.com/p/ejvntslfl3oh/exploring-prezi/
  91. https://www.slidesai.io/blog/how-to-open-edit-history-in-google-slides
  92. https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/googleslides/sharing-and-collaborating/1/
  93. https://embedpress.com/blog/how-to-embed-slideshare-powerpoint-slides/
  94. https://visme.co/blog/best-presentation-software/
  95. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/slideshare-adds-analytics-everyone-mark-traphagen
  96. https://latenode.com/integrations/zoom/google-slides
  97. https://www.zoom.com/en/blog/zoom-apps-to-elevate-presentation-game/
  98. https://kahoot.com/blog/2020/10/14/kahoot-zoom-new-integration-engagement-distance-learning-video-conferencing/
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.