1887 in animation

Events in 1887 in animation.

Events

July 9: Publication of Animal Locomotion, a chronophotographic series by Eadweard Muybridge. It comprised 781 collotype plates, each containing up to 36 pictures of the different phases of a specific motion of one subject (over 20,000 images in total).^[1] The series is a result of Muybridge's interest in motion studies and his work on the zoopraxiscope. ^[2] Historians and theoreticians have proposed that Muybridge's work on animal locomotion influenced a number of other artists, photographers and filmmakers, including Marcel Duchamp, Thomas Eakins, Walt Disney, among others.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]
Specific date unknown: Étienne-Jules Marey created a large zoetrope with a series of plaster models based on his chronophotographs of birds in flight.^[7]

Births

January

January 16: Ralph Ince, American cartoonist, animator, actor, film director and screenwriter (worked as an animator under Winsor McCay), (d. 1937).^[8]^[9]^[10]

February

February 19: Paul Terry, American cartoonist, screenwriter, film director and film producer (Terrytoons, Farmer Alfalfa, Mighty Mouse, Heckle and Jeckle, Deputy Dawg), (d. 1971).^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]

June

June 6: Charles Bowers, American comedian, animator and cartoonist (Barré Studio, Walter Lantz), (d. 1946).^[19]^[20]

August

August 6: Oliver Wallace, English-American composer (Walt Disney Company), (d. 1963).^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]

November

November 23: Boris Karloff, British actor (narrator and voice of the title character in How the Grinch Stole Christmas, Baron Boris von Frankenstein in Mad Monster Party?), (d. 1969).^[25]^[26]^[27]^[28]^[29]^[30]^[31]^[32]^[33]^[34]

December

December 23: Eric Blore, English actor and comedian (voice of Mr. Toad in The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad), (d. 1959).^[35]^{[citation needed]}
December 28: Walter Ruttmann, German film director and cinematographer (pioneer of abstract animation, directed the animated short film Lichtspiel: Opus I, the "oldest fully abstract motion picture known to survive, using only animated geometric forms, arranged and shown without reference to any representational imagery"; served as a special effects artist in the animated feature film The Adventures of Prince Achmed, making the film's moving backgrounds and magic scenes), (d. 1941).^[36]^[37]^[38]^[39]

References

^ Muybridge, Eadweard (1887). Animal locomotion: an electro-photographic investigation of consecutive phases of animal movements: prospectus and catalogue of plates. Philadelphia: Printed by J.B. Lippincott company.
^ "Eadweard Muybridge: Animal Locomotion". Huxley-Parlor Gallery. 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
^ Campany, David. "Moving with the times: Eadweard Muybridge I". Tate Museum. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
^ "Legacy". Muybridge the Movie. 4 December 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
^ "Infamy and Influence". Cleveland Institute of Art. 23 February 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
^ "Eadweard Muybridge". Kingston Heritage Service. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
^ Herbert, Stephen. (n.d.) From Daedaleum to Zoetrope, Part 2.^[usurped] Retrieved 2014-05-31.
^ Abel, Richard (August 2004). Encyclopedia of Early Cinema. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780203482049.
^ Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921, p. 267 – Ancestry.com
^ "Ralph Ince Killed In Crash In London". The New York Times. April 12, 1937. p. 1.
^ "PAUL H. TERRY, 84, DREW TERRYTOONS - The New York Times". The New York Times. 2023-10-22. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
^ Hamonic, W. Gerald (2018). "Here I Come to Save the Day!: The Mouse that Saved a Cartoon Studio, 1942-1945". Terrytoons: The Story of Paul Terry and His Classic Cartoon Factory. John Libbey Publishing Ltd. pp. 207–223. ISBN 978-0861967292.
^ Hyatt, Wesley (1997). The Encyclopedia of Daytime Television. Watson-Guptill Publications. p. 210. ISBN 978-0823083152. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
^ Rovin, Jeff (1991). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Cartoon Animals. Prentice Hall Press. pp. 101–102. ISBN 0-13-275561-0. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
^ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. p. 73. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
^ "Paul Terry". Lambiek.net. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
^ Markstein, Donald D. "Don Markstein's Toonopedia: Heckle and Jeckle". Toonopedia.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
^ Null, Henry (1965-06-19). "Paul Terry, Now 78, Finds Plenty To Do: Cartoon Pioneer Retired...Not Bored".
^ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 37-39. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
^ "Charles Bowers, Pioneer in Animated Cartoons, Dead". The Buffalo News. November 27, 1946. p. 20 – via Newspapers.com.
^ "Noted Composer Oliver Wallace Is Dead at Age 76". Sarasota Journal. Associated Press. September 17, 1963. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
^ "The Week's Best Releases". Billboard. September 26, 1942. p. 66. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
^ Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans During Wartime, Volume 3, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007), p. 836
^ Thomas S. Hischak, The Encyclopedia of Film Composers (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015), pp. 691–693,
^ "Boris Karloff in Hospital". The New York Times. 20 February 1968.
^ "Karloff Out of Hospital". The New York Times. United Press International. 25 February 1968.
^ "Role Changed His Life. Boris Karloff, Master Horror-Film Actor, Dies". The New York Times. 4 February 1969.
^ Biography Archived 1 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
^ "Past Winners Search for "grinch"". Grammy.com. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
^ Brundage, David (December 24, 2016). "Tony the Tiger, not Frankenstein, sang 'You're a Mean One, Mr. Grinch'". The Washington Post. ProQuest 1851977422. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
^ Humphrey, Hal (December 12, 1966). "Seuss Menagerie to Star on Sunday". The Los Angeles Times. p. 92. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
^ In the Making of: How the Grinch Stole Christmas (1994). TNT
^ Jacobs, pp. 374-475
^ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 189–190. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
^ "Eric Blore, Perfect Film Butler Dies", The Knoxville News-Sentinel, 2 March 1959, p. 2
^ Ruttmann.
^ Betancourt, Michael. "Walther Ruttmann's Lichtspiel Films". Cinegraphic. Retrieved 20 August 2021. from: An Excerpt from 'The History of Motion Graphics'
^ Reiniger, Lotte (1970). Shadow Theatres, Shadow Films. London: BT Batsford. ISBN 978-0-7134-2286-3.
^ "Lotte Reiniger's Introduction to The Adventures of Prince Achmed" (PDF). Milestone Films. 2001. pp. 9–11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2009. Retrieved 25 September 2013.

Sources

Jacobs, Stephen (2011). Boris Karloff: More Than A Monster. Tomahawk Press. ISBN 978-0955767043.

[auto-1] Muybridge, Eadweard (1887). Animal locomotion: an electro-photographic investigation of consecutive phases of animal movements: prospectus and catalogue of plates. Philadelphia: Printed by J.B. Lippincott company.

[2] "Eadweard Muybridge: Animal Locomotion". Huxley-Parlor Gallery. 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2022.

[Tate_-_3-3] Campany, David. "Moving with the times: Eadweard Muybridge I". Tate Museum. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

[MtM-4] "Legacy". Muybridge the Movie. 4 December 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

[CIA-5] "Infamy and Influence". Cleveland Institute of Art. 23 February 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

[KHS-6] "Eadweard Muybridge". Kingston Heritage Service. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

[Herbert2-7] Herbert, Stephen. (n.d.) From Daedaleum to Zoetrope, Part 2.^[usurped] Retrieved 2014-05-31.

[Encyclopedia_of_Early_Cinema-8] Abel, Richard (August 2004). Encyclopedia of Early Cinema. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780203482049.

[search.ancestry.com-9] Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921, p. 267 – Ancestry.com

[NYT-10] "Ralph Ince Killed In Crash In London". The New York Times. April 12, 1937. p. 1.

[11] "PAUL H. TERRY, 84, DREW TERRYTOONS - The New York Times". The New York Times. 2023-10-22. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved 2024-01-23.

[terry-ch18-12] Hamonic, W. Gerald (2018). "Here I Come to Save the Day!: The Mouse that Saved a Cartoon Studio, 1942-1945". Terrytoons: The Story of Paul Terry and His Classic Cartoon Factory. John Libbey Publishing Ltd. pp. 207–223. ISBN 978-0861967292.

[Daytime-13] Hyatt, Wesley (1997). The Encyclopedia of Daytime Television. Watson-Guptill Publications. p. 210. ISBN 978-0823083152. Retrieved 19 March 2020.

[14] Rovin, Jeff (1991). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Cartoon Animals. Prentice Hall Press. pp. 101–102. ISBN 0-13-275561-0. Retrieved 8 April 2020.

[15] Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. p. 73. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 6 June 2020.

[lambiek.net-16] "Paul Terry". Lambiek.net. Retrieved December 23, 2017.

[17] Markstein, Donald D. "Don Markstein's Toonopedia: Heckle and Jeckle". Toonopedia.com. Retrieved December 23, 2017.

[retirement-18] Null, Henry (1965-06-19). "Paul Terry, Now 78, Finds Plenty To Do: Cartoon Pioneer Retired...Not Bored".

[Mutt-19] Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 37-39. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 16 May 2020.

[buffalo-20] "Charles Bowers, Pioneer in Animated Cartoons, Dead". The Buffalo News. November 27, 1946. p. 20 – via Newspapers.com.

[apSJ-21] "Noted Composer Oliver Wallace Is Dead at Age 76". Sarasota Journal. Associated Press. September 17, 1963. Retrieved June 4, 2015.

[22] "The Week's Best Releases". Billboard. September 26, 1942. p. 66. Retrieved June 17, 2014.

[Shearer836-23] Home Front Heroes: A Biographical Dictionary of Americans During Wartime, Volume 3, ed. Benjamin F. Shearer (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007), p. 836

[Hischak691.3-24] Thomas S. Hischak, The Encyclopedia of Film Composers (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015), pp. 691–693,

[25] "Boris Karloff in Hospital". The New York Times. 20 February 1968.

[26] "Karloff Out of Hospital". The New York Times. United Press International. 25 February 1968.

[27] "Role Changed His Life. Boris Karloff, Master Horror-Film Actor, Dies". The New York Times. 4 February 1969.

[britannica-28] Biography Archived 1 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 30 June 2013.

[grammy-29] "Past Winners Search for "grinch"". Grammy.com. Retrieved 26 December 2013.

[30] Brundage, David (December 24, 2016). "Tony the Tiger, not Frankenstein, sang 'You're a Mean One, Mr. Grinch'". The Washington Post. ProQuest 1851977422. Retrieved 20 December 2021.

[Menagerie-31] Humphrey, Hal (December 12, 1966). "Seuss Menagerie to Star on Sunday". The Los Angeles Times. p. 92. Retrieved December 11, 2023.

[Making-32] In the Making of: How the Grinch Stole Christmas (1994). TNT

[Jacobs474-475-33] Jacobs, pp. 374-475

[34] Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 189–190. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 6 June 2020.

[kns-35] "Eric Blore, Perfect Film Butler Dies", The Knoxville News-Sentinel, 2 March 1959, p. 2

[catalogue.bnf.fr-36] Ruttmann.

[cinegraphic-37] Betancourt, Michael. "Walther Ruttmann's Lichtspiel Films". Cinegraphic. Retrieved 20 August 2021. from: An Excerpt from 'The History of Motion Graphics'

[Reiniger2-38] Reiniger, Lotte (1970). Shadow Theatres, Shadow Films. London: BT Batsford. ISBN 978-0-7134-2286-3.

[LR-39] "Lotte Reiniger's Introduction to The Adventures of Prince Achmed" (PDF). Milestone Films. 2001. pp. 9–11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2009. Retrieved 25 September 2013.

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v t e Years in animation
1850s	1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859
1860s	1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869
1870s	1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
1880s	1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
1890s	1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
1900s	1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909
1910s	1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
1920s	1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929
1930s	1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
1940s	1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949
1950s	1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959
1960s	1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
1970s	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979
1980s	1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
1990s	1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
2000s	2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2010s	2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
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