1891 in animation

Events in 1891 in animation.

Events

Specific date unknown:
- Charles-Émile Reynaud creates the film Pauvre Pierrot (Poor Pete). The film consists of 500 individually painted images, and originally lasted for about 15 minutes. It would not be exhibited to an audience until 1892. ^[1]
- Magic lantern slides with jointed figures set in motion by levers, thin rods, or cams and worm wheels were produced commercially and patented in 1891. A popular version of these "Fantoccini slides" had a somersaulting monkey with arms attached to a mechanism that made it tumble with dangling feet. Fantoccini slides are named after the Italian word for puppets like marionettes or jumping jacks.^[2]
- George R. Tweedie gained fame in 1891 by running a popular magic lantern show, titled "Gossip about Ghosts". The show, which cost sixpence, consisted of fifty slides, each illustrating a story about ghosts or supernatural occurrences.^[3]^[4]^[5]
- Two different British patents for magic lantern slides with moving jointed figures (fantoccini slides) were granted in 1891.^[6]

Births

March

March 3: Norman Spencer, American musician and songwriter (Leon Schlesinger Productions), (d. 1940).^[7]

July

July 3: Doris Lloyd, English-American actress (voice of the Rose in Alice in Wonderland), (d. 1968).^[8]^{[citation needed]}
July 16: Lou Fleischer, American composer (Fleischer Studios) and actor (J. Wellington Wimpy in the Popeye cartoon "I Wanna Be a Lifeguard"), (d. 1985).^[9]

August

August 21: Florencio Molina Campos, Argentine illustrator and painter (Walt Disney Animation Studios), (d. 1959).^[10]

September

September 9: Vernon Stallings, American animator, writer and director (International Film Service, Bray Productions, Van Beuren Studios, Walt Disney Company), (d. 1963).^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]

October

October 1: Svend Methling, Danish actor and film director (The Tinderbox), (d. 1977).^[15]
October 15: Burt Gillett, American animator and film director (Walt Disney Company, The Van Beuren Corporation, Walter Lantz Productions), (d. 1971).^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20]

November

November 10: Carl W. Stalling, American composer, (Walt Disney Animation Studios, Looney Tunes), music arranger, voice actor, (voice of Mickey Mouse in The Karnival Kid), and co-inventor of the click track, (d. 1972).^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]
November 26: Scott Bradley, American composer, arranger, pianist, and conductor (Walt Disney Company, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, Iwerks Studio), (d. 1977).^[25]^[26]^[27]^[28]

References

^ "Charles-Émile Reynaud". Who's Who of Victorian Cinema. Retrieved 2007-03-11.
^ "Luikerwaal - Fantoccini Slides".
^ "Gossip about ghosts". Slide Readings Library. The Magic Lantern Society. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
^ Page 35, Paranormal Media: Audiences, Spirits and Magic in Popular Culture, Author: Annette Hill, Publisher: Routledge, 2010, ISBN 9781136863189, ...One public lecture titled 'Gossip about Ghost' by former chemist George Tweedie claimed 'spook hunting has recently become as fashionable as Slumming'...
^ Page 220, The Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science; with which is Incorporated the "Chemical Gazette.": A Journal of Practical Chemistry in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts and Manufactures, Volume 37, Contributor: William Crookes, Publisher:Chemical news office, 1878, ...A process for coating iron with magnetic oxide by the action of heated air. By George R. Tweedie...
^ "Fantoccini Slides". www.luikerwaal.com.
^ Sigall (2005), pp. 84–86
^ Ellenberger, Allan R. (2001). Celebrities in Los Angeles Cemeteries: A Directory. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5019-0. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
^ Dial, Donna (2000) Cartoons in Paradise: How the Fleischer Brothers Moved to Miami and Lost Their Studio. Florida: Florida Historical Society pp. 309-30
^ Molina Campos y la taba Archived 2017-08-04 at the Wayback Machine by Andrés Cáceres on Los Andes, 21 Nov 2004
^ Maltin, Leonard. Of Mice and Magic.
^ Merritt, Russell; Kaufman, J. B. (2016). Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies: A Companion to the Classic Cartoon Series (2nd ed.). Glendale, CA: Disney Editions. pp. 200–203. ISBN 978-1-4847-5132-9.
^ Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 400. ISBN 9780472117567.
^ Markstein, Don. "Col. Heeza Liar". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
^ From the Tinder Box to the Ugly Duckling, Danish Film Institute, archived from the original on 2008-01-31, retrieved 2009-02-05
^ Barrier (2007), p. 71–72
^ Barrier (2007), p. 74
^ "Molly Moo-Cow entry". Toonopedia. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09.
^ Koszarski (2008), p. 319-320
^ Sito (2006), unnumbered pages
^ Neuwirth (2003), unnumbered pages
^ Sigall (2005), p. 88-90
^ Strauss (2002), pp. 5–13.
^ "Funnyworld Revisited: Carl Stalling". Michaelbarrier.com. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
^ Scott Bradley at Walter Lantz|Cartoon Brew
^ Goldmark, Daniel (2005), "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and Hollywood Cartoons", University of California Press, p. 46.
^ Maltin, Leonard (1987), "Of Mice and Magic", Penguin Books.
^ Bradley, Scott (November 1, 2002). "Music In Cartoons". In Goldmark, Daniel; Taylor, Yuval (eds.). The Cartoon Music Book. Chicago Review Press. pp. 115–120. ISBN 978-1556524738.

Sources

Barrier, Michael (2007), "Building a Better Mouse, 1928-1933", The Animated Man: A Life of Walt Disney, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0520941663
Koszarski, Richard (2008), "Cartoons in the City", Hollywood on the Hudson: Film and Television in New York from Griffith to Sarnoff, Rutgers University Press, ISBN 978-0813542935
Neuwirth, Allan (2003), "Makin' Toons Croon: Those Musical Marvels Who Compose the Merry Melodies", Makin' Toons: Inside the Most Popular Animated TV Shows and Movies, Allworth Press, ISBN 978-1621531975
Sigall, Martha (2005). "The Boys of Termite Terrace". Living Life Inside the Lines: Tales from the Golden Age of Animation. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781578067497.
Sito, Tom (2006), "Hollywood Labor, 1933–1941:The Birth of Cartoonists Unions", Drawing the Line: The Untold Story of the Animation Unions from Bosko to Bart Simpson, University Press of Kentucky, ISBN 978-0813138367
Strauss, Neil (2002). "Tunes for Toons: A Cartoon Music Primer". In Goldmark, Daniel; Taylor, Yuval (eds.). The Cartoon Music Book. A Capella Books, an imprint of Chicago Review Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1569764121.

[victorian-1] "Charles-Émile Reynaud". Who's Who of Victorian Cinema. Retrieved 2007-03-11.

[2] "Luikerwaal - Fantoccini Slides".

[3] "Gossip about ghosts". Slide Readings Library. The Magic Lantern Society. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2011.

[4] Page 35, Paranormal Media: Audiences, Spirits and Magic in Popular Culture, Author: Annette Hill, Publisher: Routledge, 2010, ISBN 9781136863189, ...One public lecture titled 'Gossip about Ghost' by former chemist George Tweedie claimed 'spook hunting has recently become as fashionable as Slumming'...

[5] Page 220, The Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science; with which is Incorporated the "Chemical Gazette.": A Journal of Practical Chemistry in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts and Manufactures, Volume 37, Contributor: William Crookes, Publisher:Chemical news office, 1878, ...A process for coating iron with magnetic oxide by the action of heated air. By George R. Tweedie...

[6] "Fantoccini Slides". www.luikerwaal.com.

[Sigall2-7] Sigall (2005), pp. 84–86

[8] Ellenberger, Allan R. (2001). Celebrities in Los Angeles Cemeteries: A Directory. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5019-0. Retrieved 22 March 2020.

[9] Dial, Donna (2000) Cartoons in Paradise: How the Fleischer Brothers Moved to Miami and Lost Their Studio. Florida: Florida Historical Society pp. 309-30

[10] Molina Campos y la taba Archived 2017-08-04 at the Wayback Machine by Andrés Cáceres on Los Andes, 21 Nov 2004

[11] Maltin, Leonard. Of Mice and Magic.

[symphony1-12] Merritt, Russell; Kaufman, J. B. (2016). Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies: A Companion to the Classic Cartoon Series (2nd ed.). Glendale, CA: Disney Editions. pp. 200–203. ISBN 978-1-4847-5132-9.

[Holtz-13] Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 400. ISBN 9780472117567.

[14] Markstein, Don. "Col. Heeza Liar". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved 2 April 2020.

[15] From the Tinder Box to the Ugly Duckling, Danish Film Institute, archived from the original on 2008-01-31, retrieved 2009-02-05

[Barrier-16] Barrier (2007), p. 71–72

[Barrier2-17] Barrier (2007), p. 74

[18] "Molly Moo-Cow entry". Toonopedia. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09.

[Koszarski-19] Koszarski (2008), p. 319-320

[Sito-20] Sito (2006), unnumbered pages

[Neuwirth-21] Neuwirth (2003), unnumbered pages

[Sigall-22] Sigall (2005), p. 88-90

[Strauss-23] Strauss (2002), pp. 5–13.

[24] "Funnyworld Revisited: Carl Stalling". Michaelbarrier.com. Retrieved 10 October 2018.

[25] Scott Bradley at Walter Lantz|Cartoon Brew

[26] Goldmark, Daniel (2005), "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and Hollywood Cartoons", University of California Press, p. 46.

[27] Maltin, Leonard (1987), "Of Mice and Magic", Penguin Books.

[28] Bradley, Scott (November 1, 2002). "Music In Cartoons". In Goldmark, Daniel; Taylor, Yuval (eds.). The Cartoon Music Book. Chicago Review Press. pp. 115–120. ISBN 978-1556524738.

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v t e Years in animation
1850s	1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859
1860s	1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869
1870s	1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
1880s	1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
1890s	1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
1900s	1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909
1910s	1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
1920s	1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929
1930s	1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
1940s	1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949
1950s	1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959
1960s	1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
1970s	1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979
1980s	1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
1990s	1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
2000s	2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2010s	2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
2020s	2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

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