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The Advertiser (Adelaide)
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The Advertiser is a daily tabloid format newspaper based in the city of Adelaide, South Australia. First published as a broadsheet named The South Australian Advertiser on 12 July 1858,[1] it is currently a tabloid printed from Monday to Saturday. The Advertiser came under the ownership of Keith Murdoch in the 1950s, and the full ownership of Rupert Murdoch in 1987. It is a publication of Advertiser Newspapers Pty Ltd (ADV), a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of News Corp. Through much of the 20th century, The Advertiser was Adelaide's morning broadsheet, The News the afternoon tabloid, with The Sunday Mail covering weekend sport, and Messenger Newspapers community news. The head office was relocated from a former premises in King William Street, to a new News Corp office complex, known as Keith Murdoch House at 31 Waymouth Street.
Key Information
History
[edit]The South Australian Advertiser
[edit]An early major daily colonial newspaper, The Adelaide Times, ceased publication on 9 May 1858. Shortly afterwards, Reverend John Henry Barrow, a former editor of the South Australian Register founded the morning newspaper The South Australian Advertiser and a companion weekly The South Australian Weekly Chronicle. The original owners were Barrow and Charles Henry Goode, and the first issues were published on 12 July 1858 and 17 July 1858 respectively.[1][2][3] It initially consisted of four pages, each of seven columns, and cost 4 pence.[4]
In 1863 the company started an afternoon newspaper The Express as a competitor to The Telegraph, an afternoon/evening daily paper independent of both The Advertiser and the South Australian Register.[5] The company was then re-formed, effective 9 September 1864, with additional shareholders Philip Henry Burden, John Baker, Captain Scott, James Counsell, Thomas Graves and others.[6] Burden, secretary of the company, died in 1864, and Barrow, whose wife had died in 1856, married his widow in 1865, thus owning together a quarter of the company. In December 1866, the syndicate bought the now defunct The Telegraph (by this time renamed The Daily Telegraph with a morning edition and a weekend Weekly Mail) at auction, and incorporated it with The Express to form The Express and Telegraph.[5]
In 1871, when the shareholders were Barrow, Goode, Robert Stuckey, Thomas Graves, William Parkin, Thomas King, James Counsell, and George Williams Chinner, the partnership was dissolved and the business was carried on by Barrow and King.[7] J. H. Barrow died on 22 August 1874, and Thomas King ran the papers for himself and Mrs. Barrow for about five years.[5] In 1879 a new firm was created, consisting of Thomas King, Fred Burden (son of P. H. Burden and adopted son of J. H. Barrow), and John Langdon Bonython. In July 1884, Thomas King dropped out, and the firm of Burden & Bonython was formed to run the paper.[5]
The Advertiser
[edit]
On 1 April 1889, the main publication was re-branded with an abbreviated title, The Advertiser.[1] In December 1891, Burden retired, and sold his share of the company to Bonython,[8] who, from 1894 to 1929, became the sole proprietor of The Advertiser. As well as being a talented newspaper editor, he also supported the movement towards the Federation of Australia. Later, in 1923, after a run of 60 years, The Express was stopped just as its renamed rival, The News, was starting. On 12 January 1929, The Mail announced that Bonython had sold The Advertiser for £1,250,000 to a group of Melbourne financiers[9] The Herald and Weekly Times, an external media company, now had the controlling stake, but Bonython still retained a 48.7% interest. Bonython then retired from his newspapers in 1929, after 65 years' service,[10] and his son, John Lavington Bonython, became editor.[11] In February 1931, in the wake of the Great Depression, The Advertiser took over and shut down its ailing competitors, The Register (published 1836-1931), The Chronicle (Register's Saturday sister publication), and The Observer (published 1843-1931), briefly renaming itself for seven months as The Advertiser and Register.[12]
News Corp Australia
[edit]On the death of Keith Murdoch in 1952, ownership of The News and The Mail passed to his son Rupert Murdoch via News Limited. Following the handover, and in response to suggestions of external influences from Victoria made by competing newspaper The Mail, the Chairman of The Advertiser's board published its policy in The Advertiser as follows:
"It is the same today as when the late Sir Langdon Bonython was in sole control. It is based upon a profound pride and belief in South Australia, and the system of private enterprise which has made this State what it is."[13]
On 24 October 1953 the company launched the Sunday Advertiser in direct competition to News Limited's The Mail,[14] but failed to outreach its rival,[15] though no doubt affecting its profitability. It ceased publication five years or so later, after which the by then renamed Sunday Mail advertised itself as a joint publication of Advertiser Newspapers and News Ltd., and incorporated many of the Sunday Advertiser regular features. It had also introduced colour graphics on the comics page (rather primitive by today's standards), but this was dropped shortly after joint publication commenced.[citation needed]
In addition, The Messenger, published since 1951 was partially purchased in 1962, and fully owned by 1983. When Murdoch acquired The Herald and Weekly Times in 1987, he also acquired the remaining 48.7% share of The Advertiser.[16] He sold The News in 1987, and it was closed in 1992. Murdoch then changed the format of The Advertiser from a broadsheet to a tabloid in November 1997, and the masthead and content font and layout was modernised in September 2009.[17]
Circulation
[edit]The Advertiser is available for purchase throughout South Australia and some towns and regions in New South Wales, Victoria and the Northern Territory located near or adjacent to the South Australia state border such as Broken Hill, Mildura, Nhill and Alice Springs. According to The Advertiser's website, the newspaper is read by over 580,000 people each weekday, and by more than 740,000 people each Saturday.[citation needed] Circulation figures reported in May 2016 by Roy Morgan Research showed a continuing decline in readership, of 324,000 on weekdays, and 371,000 on Saturdays.[18]
The Advertiser's website, adelaidenow.com.au, was rated by third-party web analytics providers Alexa and SimilarWeb as, respectively, the 268th and 313rd most visited website in Australia, as of August 2015.[19][20] SimilarWeb rates the site as the 29th most visited news website in Australia, attracting almost 1.8 million visitors per month.[20][21] In 2015, along with other News Corp websites, The Advertiser's website adopted a paywall with non-subscribers being locked out of "premium" content.[22]
Notable personnel
[edit]Personnel at The Advertiser include:
- Sir John Langdon Bonython, editor
- Sir John Lavington Bonython, management
- Michael Atchison OAM, cartoonist[23]
- Natalie von Bertouch[24]
- Nick Cater[25]
- Alfred Thomas Chandler[26]
- Annabel Crabb[27]
- Tanya Denver[28]
- Sidney Downer[29]
- Brady Haran OAM[30]
- Andrew Kirkpatrick[31]
- Pat Oliphant[32]
- Tory Shepherd[33]
- Frederick Samuel Wallis[34]
Digitisation
[edit]The National Library of Australia has digitised, by OCR, photographically archived copies of the following newspapers, accessible through Trove:
- The South Australian Advertiser – 12 July 1858 Vol. I No. 1 to 30 March 1889 (Vol XXXXI No. 9,500)
- The Adelaide Express 2 December 1863 (Vol 1. No. 3) to 29 December 1866 (Vol. IV No. 923)
- Express and Telegraph from 2 January 1867 (Vol. IV, No. 925) to 3 November 1922 (Vol LIX No. 17,780)
- The Advertiser – 1 April 1889 (Vol. XXXI No. 9,501) to 20 February 1931 (LXXIII No. 22,579)
- The Advertiser and The Register –
- The Advertiser – 1 October 1931 (Vol. LXXIV No. 22,769) to 31 December 1954 (Vol. 97 No. 30,019)
Endorsements
[edit]| National election | Endorsement | |
|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Labor | |
| 2013 | Coalition | |
| 2016 | Coalition | |
| 2019 | Coalition | |
| 2022 | Coalition | |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c The South Australian Advertiser, published 1858–1889 Archived 7 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, National Library of Australia, digital newspaper library.
- ^ C. M. Sinclair, 'Barrow, John Henry (1817–1874) ', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, Melbourne University Press, 1969, pp 104–105.
- ^ "NLA – Australian Newspaper Plan – Australia's most significant 'at risk' newspapers". National Library of Australia. Archived from the original on 18 August 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2008.
- ^ "About | The Advertiser". Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
- ^ a b c d A. T. Saunders (19 July 1921). "A Newspaper's History". The Advertiser. South Australia. p. 10. Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Interesting People". The Mail. Adelaide. 1 June 1912. p. 2 Section: Second section. Retrieved 4 April 2013 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Dissolution of Partnership: Special Notice". The South Australian Advertiser. Adelaide. 2 December 1871. p. 2. Retrieved 4 April 2013 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ W. B. Pitcher, Bonython, Sir John Langdon (1848–1939) , Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 7, Melbourne University Press, 1979, pp 339–341
- ^ "Sir Langdon Bonython Sells 'The Advertiser' for More Than £1,000,000". The Mail. Trove (trove.nla.gov.au). 12 January 1929. p. 1. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ^ Serle, Percival (1949). "Bonython, John Langdon". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
- ^ W. B. Pitcher, Bonython, Sir John Lavington (1875–1960) , Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 7, Melbourne University Press, 1979, pp 341–342.
- ^ "South Australia Online Historical Newspapers – Online Historical Newspapers". sites.google.com. Archived from the original on 21 July 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
- ^ "The Newspapers of South Australia" The Advertiser (24 November 1953). Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ Rod Kirkpatrick. "Press Timeline". Australian Newspaper History Group. Archived from the original on 23 October 2007. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
- ^ "Company Meeting". The Advertiser (Adelaide). Vol. 97, no. 29, 942. South Australia. 1 October 1954. p. 8. Retrieved 1 June 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "News Corp moves to 'tie up a few loose ends'" The Canberra Times (2 September 1987). Retrieved 2014-01-02.
- ^ Evans, Matt. "Page, masthead re-design revitalises a newspaper brand". INMA. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
- ^ Messenger newspapers to reduce home deliveries Archived 25 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine InDaily, 6 May 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
- ^ "adelaidenow.com.au Site Overview". Alexa. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Adelaidenow.com.au Analytics". SimilarWeb. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
- ^ "Top 50 sites in Australia for News And Media". SimilarWeb. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
- ^ Media Week: Jars, master media agency & paywalls Archived 25 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine InDaily, 15 May 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
- ^ "Tributes pour in for loved cartoonist Michael Atchison | adelaidenow". www.adelaidenow.com.au. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ "Australia's anthem all about unity and inspiration, says Natalie von Bertouch". www.adelaidenow.com.au. 2 February 2017.
- ^ "Nick Cater". Q+A.
- ^ "Interesting People". The Chronicle. Adelaide: National Library of Australia. 20 January 1938. p. 17.
- ^ "Annabel Crabb starts with 'The Advertiser' in Adelaide to cook up stylish commentary on Australian politics". Adelaide AZ.
- ^ "Libby Kosmala wins Tanya Denver award after iconic paralympic career". Adelaidenow.com.au.
- ^ "Orders for Divorce". The News (Adelaide). Vol. 50, no. 7, 658. South Australia. 19 February 1948. p. 9. Retrieved 11 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Brady Haran - Video Journalist". www.bradyharan.com.
- ^ Jaensch, Dean. "Andrew Alexander Kirkpatrick (1848–1928)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
- ^ West, Richard Samuel (1984). "Oliphant Down Under". Target: The Political Cartoon Quarterly (12): 16–20.
- ^ "Our Journalists - News Corp Journalist Network". www.adelaidenow.com.au.
- ^ "Old Labor Stalwart". The Advertiser. 14 November 1939. p. 16. Retrieved 29 October 2014 – via Trove.
External links
[edit]The Advertiser (Adelaide)
View on GrokipediaHistorical Development
Origins and Early Years as The South Australian Advertiser
The South Australian Advertiser was founded on July 12, 1858, by the Reverend John Henry Barrow, a Congregational minister who had emigrated to Adelaide in 1851 and previously contributed political writing to the South Australian Register. Barrow, leveraging his experience as a pastor, politician, and journalist, established the newspaper through a joint-stock company to serve as a morning daily competitor to the dominant Register, filling a market gap for advertising and timely news in the 22-year-old colony.[8][1][9] The inaugural issue comprised four pages, each with seven columns, and retailed for four pence; Barrow personally edited, managed, and largely authored its content, emphasizing local news, commercial notices, and commentary on colonial affairs. This format catered to Adelaide's growing mercantile class, prioritizing empirical reporting on trade, agriculture, and governance over sensationalism, though Barrow's liberal political leanings—rooted in his advocacy for free settlement and reform—shaped early editorials. Accompanying the daily was the South Australian Weekly Chronicle, launched five days later on July 17, which extended its reach to rural subscribers.[1][10][8] During its first decade, the newspaper navigated financial pressures typical of colonial printing, relying on subscription growth and ad revenue amid limited infrastructure, such as manual typesetting and horse-drawn distribution. Barrow's involvement waned after initial years due to his political commitments, including parliamentary service, but the publication endured, reporting on key events like gold discoveries in the 1850s and federation debates. By the 1870s, under evolving management, John Langdon Bonython joined as a reporter in 1873, rising to editor by 1881; his focus on factual, business-oriented journalism enhanced credibility and circulation, positioning it as a staple for South Australia's elite. The paper maintained independence from government subsidies, contrasting with some contemporaries, and by 1889 had printed over 10,000 daily issues, reflecting steady expansion before its title simplification.[11][12][13]Rebranding and Expansion to The Advertiser
On 1 April 1889, The South Australian Advertiser shortened its title to The Advertiser, marking a rebranding that streamlined its name while retaining its core identity as Adelaide's primary morning broadsheet.[14] This change coincided with the paper's Volume XXXI, Issue 9,501, and reflected its maturation amid South Australia's colonial expansion, where the publication had already established dominance in local news coverage since its founding in 1858.[13] The abbreviated title emphasized brevity and prominence, aligning with evolving journalistic norms that favored concise branding for wider appeal.[9] Post-rebranding, The Advertiser pursued operational expansion to meet rising demand from Adelaide's growing population and economic activity. By the early 1890s, the newspaper increased its focus on diverse content, including expanded agricultural, commercial, and political reporting, which supported circulation growth in a competitive market alongside rivals like The Register.[11] In December 1891, proprietor Charles Lorenzo Burden retired and sold his stake, enabling the remaining partners—primarily from the Burden family and associated investors—to invest in enhanced production capabilities and broader distribution networks across regional South Australia.[1] This period saw the paper's page count and advertising volume rise incrementally, with archival issues documenting denser layouts and more classifieds, indicative of commercial scaling.[14] The rebranding and subsequent expansions positioned The Advertiser as a cornerstone of South Australian media, with its influence extending beyond print through affiliations with weekly supplements and evening editions like the acquired Express.[15] By the early 20th century, prior to major ownership shifts, the publication had solidified its readership base, reporting daily sales in the tens of thousands amid Adelaide's urbanization, though exact figures varied with economic cycles such as the 1890s depression.[16] These developments underscored the paper's adaptability, prioritizing empirical coverage of local events over speculative content to maintain credibility among subscribers.Ownership Transition and Growth under News Corporation
In 1987, News Corporation acquired full ownership of The Advertiser from Advertiser Newspapers Ltd., marking the culmination of the Murdoch family's longstanding involvement that dated back to 1929, when Keith Murdoch led a consortium to purchase the paper from its founders.[10][17] This buyout, valued at over £14 million in shares and cash and backed by the Commonwealth Bank, followed partial mergers and stakes accumulated by Rupert Murdoch's News Limited since the 1950s, including the 1955 amalgamation of the Sunday Mail with the Sunday Advertiser to establish a Sunday monopoly in Adelaide.[18][19] The acquisition aligned with Australian media law reforms under the Hawke government, enabling greater consolidation in ownership.[20] Post-acquisition, The Advertiser integrated into News Corporation's Australian operations, benefiting from shared resources across the group's titles, which facilitated cost efficiencies and enhanced journalistic capabilities through national syndication and investigative support.[21] This period saw the closure of rival The News in 1992, solidifying The Advertiser's dominance in Adelaide's print market and reducing direct competition.[17] Growth under News Corporation emphasized modernization and diversification, with investments in facilities such as upgraded printing presses and the transition to compact tabloid format in the early 2000s to boost accessibility and sales.[22] Digital expansion accelerated from the mid-2000s, launching adelaidenow.com.au as a 24/7 platform that evolved The Advertiser from a traditional broadsheet into a multimedia outlet with video, podcasts, and interactive features, earning international awards for digital innovation.[1] Readership metrics reflected this evolution: total print and digital audience reached 1.7 million in the 12 months to March 2024, achieving the highest annual growth rate among major Australian newspapers per Roy Morgan research, driven by hybrid subscription models amid declining standalone print figures (e.g., daily paid print circulation fell to 97,173 by June 2019).[23][24] These developments positioned The Advertiser as South Australia's leading news source, with synergies from News Corp's broader portfolio—spanning over 100 titles nationally—supporting sustained market penetration despite industry-wide print challenges.[25]Corporate Ownership and Editorial Framework
Acquisition by the Murdoch Family
In 1929, The Advertiser was acquired by a syndicate led by Keith Murdoch, managing director of the Melbourne Herald, in partnership with figures including Theodore Fink, W.L. Baillieu, and the Herald itself, purchasing it from Sir Langdon Bonython for an undisclosed sum amid efforts to consolidate Adelaide's newspaper market.[26][27] This marked the initial involvement of the Murdoch family in the newspaper's ownership, though the syndicate structure limited direct control, with Murdoch's influence waning by the early 1930s as competing interests asserted themselves.[28] Following Keith Murdoch's death in 1952, his son Rupert inherited News Limited, which controlled rival Adelaide publications like The News, but The Advertiser remained under the broader Herald and Weekly Times (HWT) umbrella, prompting Rupert's unsuccessful £14 million bid for full control in 1959.[29] Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation achieved dominant ownership of The Advertiser in January 1987 through a A$1.5 billion takeover of HWT, Australia's then-largest newspaper group, securing approximately 85% of its shares after a contentious bidding war with rival bidder Alan Bond.[30][31] The deal, backed by strategic share swaps and debt financing, integrated The Advertiser fully into News Corp's portfolio, ending decades of shared or partial control and enabling unified operations with Murdoch's existing Adelaide titles.[17] This acquisition solidified News Corp's monopoly on Adelaide's major dailies, with The Advertiser as the flagship morning broadsheet, though it later shifted to tabloid format in 1997 under Murdoch's direction.[17] The move drew regulatory scrutiny in Australia over media concentration but proceeded, reflecting Murdoch's pattern of aggressive expansion to dominate local markets.[30]Integration into News Corp Australia
In 1987, News Corporation's Australian arm, News Limited, gained control of The Advertiser through its acquisition of The Herald and Weekly Times (HWT), which held a controlling interest in Advertiser Newspapers Limited, the paper's publisher.[32][20] The deal, announced in December 1986 and completed the following year, valued HWT at approximately A$3 billion and integrated The Advertiser—previously a broadsheet under HWT ownership since 1929—into News Limited's expanding portfolio of metropolitan dailies.[33] This move consolidated Murdoch's dominance in Australian print media, enabling resource sharing in printing, distribution, and content syndication across titles like The Australian and The Daily Telegraph.[19] Under News Limited, The Advertiser underwent operational enhancements, including modernization of its Adelaide printing facilities and alignment with corporate editorial frameworks emphasizing investigative reporting and conservative-leaning commentary, consistent with the Murdoch group's standards.[34] By the early 1990s, it had shifted to a compact tabloid format in 1993, reflecting efficiencies from group-wide production strategies, while retaining its position as South Australia's primary morning daily with a circulation exceeding 200,000 copies on weekdays by the mid-2000s.[35] Integration facilitated cross-promotion and shared digital infrastructure, culminating in the launch of adelaidenow.com.au in the early 2000s as part of News Limited's pivot to online delivery. In June 2013, amid News Corporation's global split into a publishing-focused entity (retaining the News Corp name) and an entertainment arm (21st Century Fox), News Limited rebranded as News Corp Australia to reflect its role as the subsidiary overseeing Australian newspaper operations.[36] The Advertiser was fully incorporated into this structure, benefiting from centralized newsroom technologies, data analytics, and revenue-sharing models across News Corp Australia's 170+ titles, which account for nearly three-quarters of Australia's metropolitan newspaper circulation.[37] This era saw deepened synergies, such as unified paywall systems via subscription platforms and collaborative coverage of national stories, though local Adelaide content remained prioritized. Recent organizational changes underscore ongoing integration: in May 2024, News Corp Australia restructured into divisions including State and Community Mastheads, placing The Advertiser alongside titles like Herald Sun and Courier-Mail under a unified leadership to streamline costs amid declining print ad revenue and rising digital investments.[38][39] These adjustments, involving job cuts and editorial consolidations, align The Advertiser with group-wide efficiencies, including shared printing at its King William Street facility in Adelaide, while preserving its role in regional news dissemination.[34]Editorial Policies and Journalistic Standards
The Advertiser adheres to journalistic standards that prioritize accuracy, fairness, and the prompt correction of errors in its reporting and commentary. The publication explicitly commits to "accurate, fair and fearless" coverage, with mechanisms in place for readers to report inaccuracies via email or phone, ensuring corrections are issued as needed.[40] This aligns with its obligation under the Australian Press Council's Statements of Principles, which require factual material to be accurate, not misleading, and distinctly separated from opinion, conjecture, or other non-factual content.[41] Breaches of these standards, including failures to distinguish facts from views, are to be avoided, with editors responsible for verifying information before publication. As part of News Corp Australia, The Advertiser operates under the company's Editorial Professional Conduct Policy, which mandates that editorial staff maintain open-mindedness, fairness, and respect for truth in their work. The policy permits the inclusion of comment, conjecture, or opinion within news reports to illustrate specific points, provided it does not distort facts—a practice that has faced scrutiny for potentially blurring the line between reporting and advocacy, in tension with Press Council guidelines emphasizing clear separation.[42][43] Additional guidelines cover ethical handling of sources, such as attributing information reliably and obtaining consent for images from social media, while prohibiting undisclosed conflicts of interest or fabrication.[42] The outlet's policies also address privacy, discrimination, and public interest, prohibiting gratuitous personal detail that intrudes on privacy unless justified by overriding considerations, and avoiding material that discriminates or vilifies based on protected characteristics like race, sex, or religion. Complaints about potential violations are handled internally first, with options for escalation to the Australian Press Council, which adjudicates on adherence to these principles independently of government or commercial influence.[40][41] In practice, these standards support investigative work but have been tested in disputes, such as coverage tensions with cultural events where access and criticism intersected with editorial independence claims.[44]Circulation and Market Reach
Historical Print Circulation Figures
The print circulation of The Advertiser reached approximately 220,000 copies daily in the 1980s, reflecting its dominant position as Adelaide's primary newspaper during that period.[45] By the early 2010s, average daily paid circulation had declined to 184,000 copies, amid broader industry trends driven by digital competition and shifting reader habits.[46] Further erosion occurred in the mid-2010s, with Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC) data reporting an average of 159,000 daily paid copies for the year ended March 31, 2014.[47] Circulation continued to fall, dropping below 100,000 daily sales by fiscal 2019, as documented in News Corp's annual reporting, signaling the accelerating shift away from print formats across Australian metropolitan dailies.[24]| Period/Year | Average Daily Paid Print Circulation | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1980s | ~220,000 | University of Wollongong academic publication[45] |
| 2011 | 184,000 | ABC News media inquiry submission[46] |
| 2014 | 159,000 | News Corp SEC 10-K filing[47] |
| 2019 | <100,000 | InDaily analysis of News Corp annual report[24] |
