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Hinduja Group
Hinduja Group
Hinduja Group
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Hinduja Group is an Indian conglomerate. The group is present in eleven sectors including automotive, oil and specialty chemicals, banking and finance, IT and ITeS, cyber security, healthcare, trading, infrastructure project development, media and entertainment, power, and real estate. The net worth of the Hinduja brothers was estimated to be US$32 billion in 2022, making them the wealthiest people in the United Kingdom.[5][6]

Key Information

In October 2024, the Hinduja family was ranked 11th on the Forbes list of India’s 100 richest tycoons, with a net worth of $22 billion.[7]

In May 2025, as per the Sunday Times rich list, the Hinduja family topped UK's richest list for the 4th consecutive term, with a net worth of £35.3 billion.[1][2]

History

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The company was founded in 1914 by Parmanand Hinduja, who was from a Sindhi family based in India.[8] Initially operating in Shikarpur (in modern-day Pakistan) and Bombay, India, he set up the company's first international operation in Iran in 1919. The headquarters of the group remained in Iran until 1979, when the Islamic Revolution forced it to move to Europe.[9][10]

Group Chairman Srichand Hinduja and his brother Gopichand, also Co-Chairman, moved to London in 1979 to develop the export business; the third brother Prakash manages the group's operations in Geneva, Switzerland while the youngest brother, Ashok, oversees the Indian interests.[11]

The group employs over 200,000 people and has offices in many major cities around the world including in India.[2] In 2017, Srichand and Gopichand Hinduja were described as the wealthiest men in Britain with an estimated wealth of £16.2 billion in the Sunday Times Rich List 2017.[12]

Hinduja Group companies

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Hinduja National Hospital, Mumbai
Hinduja National Hospital's mobile clinics built on Ashok Leyland platforms

Controversies

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Bofors scandal

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Main article: Bofors scandal

Srichand, Gopichand and Prakash Hinduja were connected with the investigation into the Bofors scandal, in which Swedish firm Bofors was alleged to have paid illegal bribes to government officials and politicians in connection with the US$1.3 billion sale of 400 howitzers to the Indian Government in 1986. The three brothers were charged by the Indian Central Bureau of Investigation in October 2000,[14] but in 2005 the High Court in Delhi threw out all charges against them, citing a lack of evidence and saying that documents central to the prosecution case were "useless and dubious" since their provenance could not be verified. Judge RS Sodhi said: "I must express my disapproval that 14 years of trial and ₹2.5 billion (US$30 million) of public money was spent on the case. It has caused huge economical, emotional, professional and personal loss to the Hindujas."[15]

2001 Hinduja affair

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In January 2001, it was revealed that UK government Minister Peter Mandelson had telephoned Home Office minister Mike O'Brien on behalf of Srichand Hinduja, who was at the time seeking British citizenship, and whose family firm was to become the main sponsor of the "Faith Zone" in the Millennium Dome. Consequently, on 24 January 2001 Mandelson resigned from the Government for a second time,[16][17] insisting he had done nothing wrong. An independent enquiry by Sir Anthony Hammond came to the conclusion that neither Mandelson nor anyone else had acted improperly.

In January 2001, immigration minister Barbara Roche revealed in a written Commons reply that Keith Vaz, Member of Parliament for Leicester East and at the time a Foreign Office minister, and other MPs, had also contacted the Home Office about the Hinduja brothers, saying that Vaz had made inquiries about when a decision on their application for citizenship could be expected.[18]

On 25 January, Vaz became the focus of Opposition questions about the Hinduja affair and many parliamentary questions were tabled, demanding that he fully disclose his role. Vaz said via a Foreign Office spokesman that he would be "fully prepared" to answer questions put to him by Sir Anthony Hammond QC who had been asked by the Prime Minister to carry out an inquiry into the affair. Vaz said that he had known the Hinduja brothers for some time; he had been present when the charitable Hinduja Foundation was set up in 1993, and had also delivered a speech in 1998 when the brothers invited Tony and Cherie Blair to a Diwali celebration.[19]

On 26 January 2001, Prime Minister Tony Blair was accused of prejudicing the independent inquiry into the Hinduja passport affair, after he declared that Keith Vaz had not done "anything wrong". On the same day, Vaz told reporters that they would "regret" their behaviour once the facts of the case were revealed. "Some of you are going to look very foolish when this report comes out. Some of the stuff you said about Peter, and about others and me, you'll regret very much when the facts come out," he said. When asked why the passport application of one of the Hinduja brothers had been processed more quickly than normal, being processed and sanctioned in six months when the process can take up to two years, he replied, "It is not unusual."[20]

On 29 January, the government confirmed that the Hinduja Foundation had held a reception for Vaz in September 1999 to celebrate his appointment as the first Asian Minister in recent times. The party was not listed by Vaz in the House of Commons Register of Members' Interests and John Redwood, then head of the Conservative Parliamentary Campaigns Unit, questioned Vaz's judgement in accepting the hospitality.[21]

In March, Vaz was ordered to fully co-operate with a new inquiry launched into his financial affairs by Elizabeth Filkin, who was Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards at the time. Foreign Secretary Robin Cook, Vaz's superior, also urged him to fully answer allegations about his links with the Hinduja brothers. Mr Vaz met Mrs Filkin on 20 March to discuss a complaint that the Hinduja Foundation had given the sum of £1,200 to Mapesbury Communications, a company run by his wife, in return for helping to organise a Hinduja-sponsored reception at the House of Commons. Vaz had previously denied receiving money from the Hindujas, but insisted that he made no personal gain from the transaction in question.[22][23]

In June 2001, Vaz admitted that he had made representations during the Hinduja brothers' applications for British citizenship while a backbench MP. Tony Blair also admitted that Vaz had "made representations" on behalf of other Asians.[24] On 11 June 2001 Vaz was dismissed from his post as Europe Minister, to be replaced by Peter Hain. The Prime Minister's office said that Vaz had written to Tony Blair stating he wished to stand down for health reasons.[25]

In December 2001, Elizabeth Filkin cleared Vaz of failing to register payments to his wife's law firm by the Hinduja brothers, but said that he had colluded with his wife to conceal the payments. Filkin's report said that the payments had been given to his wife for legal advice on immigration issues and concluded that Vaz had gained no direct personal benefit, and that Commons rules did not require him to disclose payments made to his wife. She did, however, criticise him for his secrecy, saying, "It is clear to me there has been deliberate collusion over many months between Mr Vaz and his wife to conceal this fact and to prevent me from obtaining accurate information about his possible financial relationship with the Hinduja family".[26]

Ashok Leyland

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In February 2005 Ashok Leyland, a company within the Hinduja Group, announced an agreement to supply 100 army vehicles to the Sudanese Defence Ministry. It was alleged by arms campaigner Mark Thomas that this contravened UK arms export legislation, as a number of the company's directors were UK residents or citizens.[27]

Human trafficking trial

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In June 2024, a human trafficking trial began in Switzerland against four members of the Hinduja family, who were accused of exploiting household staff at their lakeside villa in Geneva, by reportedly paying as little as $8 for workdays lasting 15 to 18 hours and confiscating their passports. The allegations were refuted by a lawyer representing the family. It was also claimed that the family spent more on pets than they paid a servant.[28] The Swiss court dismissed the human trafficking charges, but found them guilty of exploiting the staff; it sentenced Prakash Hinduja, wife Kamal, son Ajay and daughter-in-law Namrata to four and a half years of imprisonment.[29]

Notes

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Hinduja Group

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from Grokipedia
The Hinduja Group is a London-headquartered multinational conglomerate founded in 1914 by Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja as a trading enterprise in the Sindh region (now Pakistan), which has evolved into a diversified entity with operations across banking, automotive manufacturing, information technology services, healthcare, media, and energy sectors. Controlled by the Hinduja family—currently led by Chairman Gopichand Hinduja—the group functions as a strategic investment vehicle with a global footprint, employing tens of thousands and generating substantial revenue through flagship subsidiaries like Ashok Leyland in commercial vehicles and IndusInd Bank in financial services. The group's expansion traces from its origins in commodities trading and relocation to in 1919, to post-World War II diversification into and the establishment of key ventures such as the acquisition of interests and the founding of Hinduja Bank in . By 2025, the Hinduja family, proprietors of the conglomerate, topped the UK's with a of £35.3 billion, reflecting the enduring success of their "mutual trust" philosophy in business dealings across geographies. Notable achievements include pioneering commercial vehicle production in via and scaling digital customer experience services through Hinduja Global Solutions, positioning the group as one of the world's largest family-controlled industrial empires. Despite its commercial prominence, the Hinduja Group has faced legal scrutiny, including a 2024 Swiss court conviction of four family members for exploiting domestic workers through illegal employment practices and underpayment, resulting in suspended sentences and fines totaling hundreds of thousands of Swiss francs, though they were acquitted of charges. The family maintained that the workers were treated as extended family members and appealed the ruling, highlighting tensions between private household arrangements and modern labor standards in high-wealth contexts. This episode underscores occasional challenges in managing personal staff amid the group's vast international operations, yet has not materially impeded its business trajectory.

Overview

Founding Principles and Organizational Structure

The Hinduja Group was founded in 1914 by Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja (1901–1971) in , , as a trading enterprise specializing in commodities such as textiles, spices, and metals, with initial operations linking and . The founder's philosophy centered on the Vedic-inspired dictum "My (duty) is to work, so that I can give," which prioritizes industrious effort as a means to enable and societal service, reflecting a blend of personal responsibility and collective welfare. This ethos integrates traditional values like faith, devotion, and compassion—drawn from the founder's maternal influences—with pragmatic business conduct, fostering mutual trust and cooperation as foundational guidelines. From P.D. Hinduja's lifetime experiences, the group formalized five guiding principles that govern decision-making and operations: Work to Give, which mandates relentless effort and reinvestment in society regardless of economic cycles; Word is a Bond, enforcing unwavering reliability to build enduring stakeholder relationships; Act Local, , promoting localized adaptation alongside worldwide diversification; for Growth, encouraging shared risks and rewards through internal and external collaborations; and Advance Fearlessly, urging confident expansion grounded in trust and market insight. These principles, explicitly tied to the founder's adherence to (righteous duty), have sustained the conglomerate's ethical framework amid expansions into over 38 countries. Organizationally, the Hinduja Group functions as a privately held, family-controlled entity, structured around the founder's four sons who assumed leadership roles following his death: Srichand P. Hinduja (1935–2023, former Group Chairman focused on global strategy), Gopichand P. Hinduja (current Chairman overseeing automotive and overall coordination), Prakash P. Hinduja (Chairman for Europe, based in ), and Ashok P. Hinduja (Chairman for , managing domestic operations including banking). This familial hierarchy emphasizes cohesion, respect, and healthy internal competition, while incorporating modern practices such as delegating operational autonomy to professional managers and linking incentives to performance metrics. Global activities are decentralized across regional hubs—historically shifting from to in 1979 and maintaining key offices in —enabling agile oversight of a workforce exceeding 250,000 across diversified verticals, with input from the third generation of family members.

Scale, Revenue, and Economic Significance

The Hinduja Group operates as one of India's largest family-controlled conglomerates, employing over 150,000 people across its global footprint spanning more than 38 countries with activities in over 100 nations. Its diversified portfolio encompasses 11 sectors, including automotive manufacturing, , , , and healthcare, enabling it to leverage synergies across industries for sustained operational scale. While the privately held structure limits public disclosure of consolidated financials, the group's subsidiaries demonstrate substantial revenue generation; for instance, Hinduja Global Solutions reported total revenue of approximately ₹4,404 crore (about $530 million) for fiscal year 2024. Key entities like Ashok Leyland in commercial vehicles and IndusInd Bank in financial services further amplify the conglomerate's financial heft, with collective operations underscoring multi-billion-dollar annual throughput across core verticals. The group's economic influence manifests in strategic investments, such as a planned ₹7,500 crore commitment to Tamil Nadu's electric vehicle ecosystem, projected to create over 1,000 direct jobs and bolster regional manufacturing capabilities. In terms of broader economic significance, the Hinduja Group's global diversification mitigates sector-specific risks while contributing to employment and development in emerging markets, particularly in and . Its presence in high-growth areas like e-mobility and digital services positions it as a catalyst for industrial advancement, though dependency on group interlinkages—such as dividends and consultancy fees—introduces potential vulnerabilities to macroeconomic fluctuations in key geographies.

Historical Development

Origins and Early Expansion (1914–1979)

The Hinduja Group was founded in 1914 by Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja (1900–1971), a Sindhi entrepreneur from Shikarpur in the region of undivided (now ), who relocated to Bombay (present-day ) to establish a modest trading operation focused on textiles, commodities, and merchant banking. PD Hinduja, leveraging family mercantile networks, initially facilitated cross-border trade, capitalizing on British 's colonial trade routes and the demand for Indian goods in Persian markets. In 1919, the group expanded internationally by opening its first overseas office in , , which served as a hub for trading textiles, spices, and other commodities between , Persia (), and the , marking a shift from local brokerage to a more structured import-export enterprise. This move positioned as the operational headquarters, where PD Hinduja built a network of partnerships in merchant banking and bullion trading, navigating geopolitical shifts such as disruptions and post-independence India-Pakistan partition effects on Sindhi trading communities. The enterprise grew steadily through reinvested profits, emphasizing family-managed operations and adaptability to regional currencies and tariffs, without significant debt or external funding. Following PD Hinduja's death in 1971, his four sons—Srichand, Gopichand, Prakash, and Ashok—assumed leadership, inheriting a foundation valued in the tens of millions (in contemporary rupees) centered on Iran-based volumes exceeding regional competitors. Under their stewardship, the group consolidated its headquarters, expanding merchant banking services to include letters of credit and financing for Middle Eastern imports, while maintaining Bombay roots for Indian sourcing. By 1979, amid the Iranian Islamic Revolution, the operations faced existential threats from asset risks, prompting contingency planning for diversification, though the core trading and banking model persisted until the headquarters relocation. This era established the group's resilience through opportunistic amid volatility, with annual turnovers reflecting steady compounding rather than speculative ventures.

Relocation and Modern Diversification (1980–Present)

In 1979, amid the , the Hinduja Group's headquarters were relocated from to , shifting the base of operations from the to and enabling expanded access to Western financial markets and global trade networks. This move, led by Srichand Hinduja as chairman, preserved the group's merchant banking and commodities trading foundations while positioning it for strategic pivots away from regional instability. The 1980s marked the onset of deliberate diversification, beginning with the 1984 acquisition of International, which established a foothold in the global and lubricants market and diversified revenue streams beyond trading. Concurrently, the group re-entered the Indian market in the mid-1980s under Ashok Hinduja's leadership, capitalizing on signals to rebuild domestic presence. A pivotal 1987 acquisition of a controlling stake in propelled entry into the automotive sector, focusing on commercial vehicles and leveraging India's manufacturing potential for export-oriented growth. From the 1990s onward, diversification accelerated through targeted expansions into —with entry into Indian banking in 1994—and , including the 2000 launch of Hinduja Global Solutions for BPO and digital services. These moves, supported by headquarters' international financing capabilities, evolved the group from a trading entity into a multinational conglomerate spanning over 38 countries by the , with revenues exceeding $20 billion annually as of recent estimates.

Major Acquisitions and Strategic Milestones

In 1984, the Hinduja Group acquired , establishing a foothold in the global lubricants and energy sector. This was followed in 1987 by the acquisition of from , which positioned the group as a major player in India's commercial vehicle manufacturing, eventually making it the country's second-largest producer in that segment. These early moves diversified the group's portfolio beyond trading into core industrial operations, leveraging post-relocation European headquarters for international expansion. The group's acquisition strategy intensified in the , focusing on , digital services, and financial assets. In November 2022, Hinduja Tech acquired Drive System Design, enhancing its e-mobility engineering capabilities for global markets. In December 2022, Hinduja Global Solutions (HGS) completed the purchase of TekLink International for $58.8 million, bolstering and digital customer experience offerings, alongside acquisitions of uKnowva and NXTDIGITAL's digital media business (including HITS, INDigital, and ONE Broadband), which added over 1,200 employees across 1,500 locations in . A landmark financial services milestone occurred in April 2023 when the group agreed to acquire for approximately INR 96.6 billion through IIHL, resolving the company's process; the deal closed in March 2025, integrating significant and assets. In September 2022, IIHL took a 51% controlling stake in Bahamas-based Sterling , completing the full 100% acquisition in October 2025, thereby expanding offshore banking operations. Hinduja Tech further strengthened its European automotive engineering presence with the November 2024 completion of the TECOSIM Group acquisition, adding expertise in simulation and development across , , and other regions. These transactions underscore a strategic emphasis on high-tech integration, , and financial consolidation amid global market shifts.

Business Portfolio

Automotive and Mobility

The Hinduja Group's automotive and mobility operations center on commercial vehicles, electric mobility solutions, and engineering services, with Ashok Leyland as the flagship entity. Ashok Leyland, acquired by the group in the 1980s, ranks as India's second-largest commercial vehicle manufacturer by volume, holding over 30% market share in buses and medium- and heavy-duty trucks as of 2025. The company produces a range of trucks, buses, and defense vehicles, with manufacturing facilities across India and exports to over 50 countries, contributing significantly to the group's revenue through innovations in alternate fuels and electric variants. Switch Mobility, a subsidiary of , specializes in electric buses and light commercial vehicles, targeting global markets with models like the EiV12 low-floor city bus and IeV series. In August 2025, Switch Mobility delivered the first batch of EiV12 electric buses to Delhi's transport department, emphasizing zero-emission urban transport. However, facing low demand and operational losses, the UK arm announced plans in March 2025 to cease manufacturing activities there, redirecting focus to growth in India's EV sector. Hinduja Tech supports the sector with end-to-end engineering for sustainable mobility, including development, vehicle electronics, and frugal engineering for over 14 EV models. The group's broader strategy prioritizes green mobility, leveraging Ashok Leyland's established infrastructure for electrification and exports, particularly to , amid rising demand for efficient commercial transport.

Financial Services and Banking

The Hinduja Group's financial services and banking arm encompasses commercial banking, non-banking , and , primarily through subsidiaries focused on retail and corporate lending, vehicle financing, housing loans, and . These operations serve millions of customers across and internationally, with a promoter stake held by the family's IndusInd International Holdings Ltd (IIHL). In 2023, the group projected its banking, , and insurance () portfolio to reach a valuation of $35-40 billion by 2030, driven by expansion in lending and digital services. IndusInd Bank, the flagship banking entity, was conceptualized by Srichand P. Hinduja and incorporated in January 1994, commencing operations in February of that year as one of India's early banks post-liberalization. The bank operates over 2,000 branches nationwide, serving more than 42 million customers with products including deposits, loans, and . The Hinduja family holds a 15.82% promoter stake through IIHL, enabling influence over strategic decisions. In July 2025, the bank proposed raising up to $3.5 billion in capital to bolster growth and allow the promoters to nominate two board seats, amid efforts to increase their stake following a share price decline. However, it reported a net loss of 22.4 billion rupees for the quarter ended March 2025, attributed to suspected fraud in its portfolio, prompting the family to pledge ongoing support and governance enhancements. Hinduja Leyland Finance (HLF), established in 2008 as a non-banking financial company (NBFC), specializes in financing commercial vehicles, tractors, construction equipment, personal vehicles, and loans against property, targeting urban and semi-urban markets across 19 Indian states. With of approximately 62,000 rupees, HLF reported a net profit of 340 rupees for the ended March 2024. Its subsidiary, Hinduja Housing Finance, incorporated in April 2015, extends affordable home loans to underserved segments, aligning with the group's focus on inclusive financing. Internationally, Hinduja Bank (Switzerland) Ltd., founded in Geneva in 1994 by Srichand P. Hinduja, operates as a private bank offering wealth management, trade finance, and corporate advisory services to high-net-worth individuals and institutions. Regulated by Swiss authorities, it maintains branches in Geneva, Zurich, and Lugano, bridging Eastern and Western financial markets with a family-owned model emphasizing customized investment solutions. In October 2025, IIHL Mauritius, the promoter entity, acquired 100% of Bahamas-based Sterling Bank, expanding the group's offshore banking footprint.

IT, BPO, and Digital Solutions

Hinduja Global Solutions Limited (HGS), a key subsidiary of the Hinduja Group, specializes in (BPO), (IT) services, and digital customer experience (CX) solutions, serving sectors such as banking, retail, telecom, and healthcare. Established as a provider of end-to-end and , HGS leverages AI, , analytics, and cloud technologies to optimize operations for global clients. In fiscal year 2023 (ended March 31, 2023), HGS reported revenues of Rs. 5,023.2 (approximately $623.5 million), reflecting its scale in delivering outsourced services across 70+ locations worldwide. The company focuses on intelligent CX platforms, including , support, and data-driven innovation, with recent expansions emphasizing AI-powered hubs for and . For instance, in May 2025, HGS launched an AI-driven digital CX and data innovation center in , , projected to create 150 jobs in and related fields. Complementing HGS, Hinduja Tech provides IT and digital engineering solutions, particularly in automotive and mobility sectors, offering services like product reinvention, data analytics, and unified systems for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). These initiatives enable scalable digital transformations, including seamless migrations to automated models and actionable insights from enterprise data. Additionally, the group's CyQureX unit advances cybersecurity within digital solutions, forming strategic partnerships such as with in July 2022 to enhance data protection for . HGS and affiliated entities prioritize measurable outcomes in digital adoption, such as improved through integrated platforms and process optimization, while maintaining a global delivery model that supports the Hinduja Group's broader diversification strategy.

Energy, Lubricants, and Other Sectors

The Hinduja Group's portfolio encompasses power and initiatives. Through Hinduja National Power Corporation Limited (HNPCL), the group operates a 1,040 MW coal-based power plant located near in , India, consisting of two 520 MW units that have been operational since their commissioning. In August 2025, GOCL Corporation, another entity within the Hinduja Group, received board approval to acquire the plant's operations from HNPCL, reflecting internal restructuring while maintaining group control. Paralleling this, the group has expanded into renewables via Hinduja Renewables Energy Private Limited, which manages a current portfolio of approximately 3 gigawatts (GW) focused on solar and projects, with plans announced in August 2025 to invest $3–4 billion to scale capacity to over 10 GW by 2030, incorporating battery storage, , and charging infrastructure. In the lubricants and specialty chemicals sector, the Hinduja Group holds investments in International, a global brand with origins dating to and known for downstream oil products, alongside Gulf Oil Lubricants India Limited, which operates manufacturing facilities in . The group's portfolio was bolstered in 2012 when its lubricants subsidiary, Gulf Oil Corp, acquired Houghton International, a U.S.-based specialty chemicals firm, enhancing capabilities in industrial fluids and solutions; this integration later contributed to the formation of . Sanjay Hinduja, a group executive, serves on the board of , underscoring ongoing strategic oversight. Beyond energy and lubricants, the Hinduja Group's diversified "other sectors" include trading, , and media & . Trading remains rooted in the group's foundational activities since 1914, evolving to encompass commodities and international commerce across multiple geographies. In , Hinduja Realty Ventures Limited (HRVL) manages development projects in , leveraging a pan-India land bank exceeding 2,500 acres to unlock asset value through residential, commercial, and initiatives. The media & arm, operational since the 1980s, features NXTDIGITAL—a division of Hinduja Global Solutions—providing integrated digital platforms including , IPTV, direct-to-home services, and , aimed at expanding consumer access in . These sectors support the group's broader strategy of and global presence in non-core industries.

Global Operations

International Presence and Expansion

The Hinduja Group's international expansion began in 1919 with the establishment of its first overseas operation in , focusing on merchant banking and trade, which served as the headquarters until the 1979 Islamic Revolution prompted a relocation to , initially . This shift marked a strategic pivot toward diversified global operations, with the group subsequently building presence across banking, automotive, and chemicals sectors in . By the late 20th century, it had acquired key assets such as the overseas stake in from Leyland International Holdings in 1987, enhancing capabilities in the UK, including facilities for trucks and buses. In Switzerland, the group founded Hinduja Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. in 1994 as a private banking institution offering wealth management and investment solutions to high-net-worth individuals and institutions, regulated under Swiss law and emphasizing innovative finance. The UK remains a core hub, hosting subsidiaries like Optare plc for electric bus production and contributing to Ashok Leyland's European exports, though recent plans include potential shifts in manufacturing to India and UAE bases for UK and European markets amid market recovery strategies announced in 2025. In the United States, a major milestone was the 2012 acquisition of Houghton International for $1.045 billion by Gulf Oil Corporation, a group entity, forming a leader in metalworking fluids; this was followed by the 2016 purchase of Wallover Enterprises and a 2017 merger with Quaker Chemical to create NYSE-listed Quaker Houghton, bolstering global specialty chemicals operations. Today, the group maintains direct operations in 38 countries and serves over 100 nations, with recent expansions including a new intelligent experience hub by Hinduja Global Solutions in , , in October 2025, alongside commitments for investments in defense, energy, automotive, and digital sectors following discussions with Philippine President Jr. in August 2025. is accelerating growth in , leveraging UAE facilities for exports to the and as of August 2025, while Gulf Oil provides mining services worldwide. These efforts underscore a focus on emerging markets and strategic partnerships, with offices spanning , , and the .

Workforce and Economic Contributions Abroad

The Hinduja Group's international subsidiaries employ tens of thousands of workers outside India, primarily in sectors such as business process outsourcing, automotive manufacturing, and private banking, fostering local economic growth through direct job creation, supply chain integration, and export activities. Hinduja Global Solutions (HGS), a key digital services arm, operates over 38 delivery centers across nine countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and the Philippines, with more than 18,000 employees supporting customer experience and back-office operations globally. These roles often emphasize hybrid and remote models, contributing to workforce flexibility and skill development in host economies. In the , the group's automotive operations provide significant employment, with in employing approximately 1,200 workers as of recent reports, focused on medium- and heavy-duty truck production for domestic and export markets, including 40% of output shipped worldwide. Additionally, HGS committed to creating over 560 jobs in in June 2021, targeting roles to bolster regional economic recovery and infrastructure. Such initiatives enhance local GDP through wages, programs, and ancillary spending. In , Hinduja Bank's operations in sustain around 144 employees as of 2019, delivering and investment services that integrate into the country's financial ecosystem, though recent legal scrutiny has highlighted labor practices. Across the , HGS maintains delivery centers supporting North American clients, with leadership overseeing operations that employ hundreds in customer interaction and analytics roles, aiding in various industries. Collectively, these abroad efforts underscore the group's role in cross-border economic linkages, though precise non-Indian headcounts remain aggregated within the overall global workforce exceeding 200,000.

Philanthropy and Corporate Responsibility

Hinduja Foundation and Core Initiatives

The Hinduja Foundation, established in 1968 by Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja as a public , operates with objectives centered on advancing and globally, while relieving , hunger, and sickness. Guided by the founder's principle of repaying societal debts through , the foundation channels resources into healthcare, , art and culture, and social welfare to support underprivileged communities, particularly in . In education, the foundation's flagship Road to School (RTS) program targets government primary and middle schools, emphasizing holistic via infrastructure improvements, reduced absenteeism through home visits and , and supplementary activities like training. This initiative has reached over 2,196 schools and more than 230,000 students in regions such as and , fostering parental involvement and bridging learning gaps. Complementary efforts include the Road to Livelihood (RTL) for skilling youth, contributing to the empowerment of over 800,000 individuals across 15 Indian states. Healthcare initiatives leverage partnerships with P.D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, originally envisioned in 1951, to deliver tertiary care and outreach. Key programs encompass the Type 1 Diabetes Initiative (T1DI), which donated insulin pumps to underprivileged children in 2025, alongside mobile medical units providing access in underserved areas and health education camps. These efforts prioritize equitable access, including emergency response and facility upgrades, aligning with the foundation's goal of holistic national health improvement. For art and culture, the foundation preserves India's heritage through the Hinduja Antiquity Collection and sponsorship of the Encyclopedia of , launched in 2010 after 25 years of preparation under the Dalai Lama's auspices. Activities include restoring sites, promoting traditional crafts like Sindhi workmanship via projects such as Jhulelal Tirthdham, and educational exhibits to advance knowledge of cultural history. Social welfare encompasses rural development, water stewardship, and disaster relief, with yielding a 250% increase in targeted areas by enhancing . The foundation also provides community grants, such as up to £3,000 for London-based organizations, and promotes to sustain long-term societal uplift.

Measurable Impacts and Long-Term Projects

The Hinduja Foundation's education initiatives, such as the Road to School program, have reached 744,300 students across 7,965 schools in 15 states, impacting 18,000 educators and 240,000 community members as of July 2025. These efforts have reintegrated 72% of school dropouts and achieved an 85% improvement in learning outcomes through community engagement and skill-building, focusing on rural areas like Odisha to foster long-term educational ownership. Vocational training and scholarship programs further support underprivileged youth, contributing to broader youth empowerment exceeding 800,000 individuals. In and environmental restoration, partnerships like those with Ambuja Foundation have created 6.07 billion liters of storage capacity, restored over 5 trillion liters of , and benefited 274,000 lives by empowering more than 1,000 women in across multiple states as of June 2025. Long-term projects include the irrigation initiative, which lifts river to farmlands for small and marginal farmers, enhancing agricultural productivity. Collaborations with NGO CHIRAG in the have recharged 265 springs yielding 12.96 liters annually, supported improving soil moisture and , and generated 59,942 person-days of employment for 6,830 community members from FY2019 to FY2025, benefiting over 52,000 residents. Overall, efforts have served over 5 million beneficiaries in more than 4,000 villages across 19 states and union territories, harvesting 1.2 billion liters of clean . Health initiatives emphasize infrastructure and access, including support for facilities focused on and holistic wellness, alongside disaster relief and crisis response. Long-term projects integrate healthcare with and , such as Jal Jeevan for sustainable access, addressing systemic challenges in underserved regions. These combined efforts underscore sustained investments in social welfare, heritage preservation, and , with quantifiable outcomes tied to community-led models rather than short-term aid.

Leadership and Family Governance

The Hinduja Family Structure

The Hinduja Group originated as a family enterprise founded by Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja (P. D. Hinduja) in 1914, initially focusing on trade between and Persia (modern-day ), with his wife Jamuna Hinduja sharing in the establishment of associated philanthropic efforts such as the Hinduja and Hinduja Foundation. P. D. Hinduja's vision emphasized traditional family values integrated into business operations, a principle that has persisted across generations. The core leadership structure revolves around P. D. Hinduja's four sons, known as the Hinduja brothers, who have collectively expanded the conglomerate into a global entity operating in over 38 countries with more than 200,000 employees. The eldest, Srichand P. Hinduja (born November 28, 1935; died May 17, 2023), served as chairman of the Hinduja Group until his death, overseeing key entities like Hinduja Bank (Switzerland) and maintaining a global strategic focus. Gopichand P. Hinduja, the second brother, assumed the role of chairman following Srichand's passing, with primary responsibilities in the UK, including chairmanship of Hinduja Automotive Ltd., and holds honorary doctorates from institutions such as the University of Westminster. Prakash P. Hinduja chairs the group's European operations from Monaco (since 2008) and is married to Kamal Hinduja, with children including sons Ajay and Ramkrishan, and daughter Renuka. The youngest, Ashok P. Hinduja, oversees Indian interests as chairman for that region, is married to Harsha Hinduja, and has three children: daughters Ambika and Satya, and son Shom; he graduated in commerce from the University of Mumbai and holds multiple honorary doctorates. The brothers' oversight is geographically divided—Gopichand and Prakash handling international affairs from and , respectively, while Ashok manages core Indian operations from —reflecting a decentralized yet unified family-led model. The third generation, including figures like Ajay Hinduja (Prakash's son, involved in European ventures), increasingly supports strategic guidance, ensuring continuity under the family's foundational ethos of collective decision-making without rigid hierarchies. This structure prioritizes familial collaboration over external management, with the brothers historically sharing ownership and control across the group's diversified sectors.

Succession Dynamics and Internal Resolutions

The Hinduja Group's succession dynamics have been shaped by its foundational principle of undivided family ownership, encapsulated in a letter signed by the four brothers—Srichand P. Hinduja (SP), Gopichand P. Hinduja (GP), Prakash P. Hinduja (PP), and Ashok P. Hinduja—stating that "everything belongs to everyone and nothing belongs to anyone." This ethos, intended to prevent fragmentation across generations, emphasized collective control over individual claims, with assets held in family trusts rather than personal estates. However, it created ambiguities in leadership transitions, particularly as the brothers aged and health issues arose, leading to tensions over decision-making authority. Tensions escalated publicly in June 2020 when SP Hinduja, the eldest brother and nominal chairman of the group, initiated legal proceedings in London's against GP, PP, and their families. SP, who suffered from and had no male heirs, alleged that his brothers were attempting a power grab by sidelining him from key decisions, including control over his personal assets and health affairs, and sought to invalidate the 2014 letter's binding nature. The dispute highlighted generational and jurisdictional frictions, with SP's daughters reportedly advocating for his interests, while the other brothers maintained that the letter upheld the family's long-standing unity pact dating back to their father Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja's era. Court filings revealed parallel legal battles in , , and the over trust structures and asset control, underscoring the complexity of the group's global holdings estimated at over $15 billion at the time. Internal resolutions materialized in November 2022, when the brothers announced a truce, withdrawing all court claims and reaffirming commitment to the undivided ownership principle without altering core governance structures. This settlement, brokered privately amid ongoing international litigations, preserved operational continuity under the surviving brothers' joint oversight, with GP based in the , PP in , and Ashok in . SP's death on May 17, 2023, at age 87, refocused attention on succession, but no public ruptures ensued; the family stated that leadership had already transitioned smoothly to the three brothers, supported by next-generation members such as GP's son and PP's son Dinesh Hinduja, who hold executive roles in subsidiaries like and Hinduja Global Solutions. Post-2023 dynamics reflect a deliberate avoidance of formal succession codification in favor of the family's , consensus-driven model, where next-generation involvement is siloed by and sector—e.g., Ashok's sons managing Indian automotive interests—while ultimate authority remains with the brothers. This approach, while averting immediate division, carries risks of disputes absent explicit mechanisms for elder transitions, as evidenced by the 2020-2022 episode's exposure of vulnerabilities in informal pacts during incapacity or mortality. The group's spokespersons have emphasized that this "all for one" philosophy, tested but intact, underpins long-term stability, with no reported escalations as of 2024.

Bofors Scandal Allegations and Clearance

In the Bofors scandal, which stemmed from a 1986 contract signed on March 24 for the Indian government to purchase 410 155mm Howitzer field guns from Sweden's AB Bofors for approximately 1,437 crore rupees (about $285 million at the time), the Hinduja brothers—Srichand, Gopichand, and Prakash—faced allegations of involvement in facilitating illicit payments linked to the deal. The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) accused the brothers, through entities associated with the Hinduja Group, of acting as intermediaries in a conspiracy to pay kickbacks totaling around 6.1 million Swedish kronor to Indian officials and politicians to secure the contract, with claims that funds were routed via offshore accounts and shell companies. The CBI filed a supplementary on October 9, 2000, formally naming the three Hinduja brothers as accused in the court of Special Judge Ajit Bharihoke, alleging , cheating, and under relevant sections of the and Prevention of Corruption Act. The brothers, who maintained their London-based operations had no role in the arms procurement and that any payments from were for unrelated consultancy services predating the contract, denied all wrongdoing and cooperated with investigations by providing documents. On May 31, 2005, the discharged the Hinduja brothers from all charges, ruling that the prosecution failed to establish any nexus between the alleged payments and the contract, citing insufficient evidence to prove conspiracy or receipt of kickbacks. The court also quashed proceedings against AB itself, emphasizing that Swedish authorities had not confirmed any corrupt practices attributable to the accused. The CBI's subsequent appeal against this acquittal was dismissed by the on November 2, 2018, upholding the High Court's decision due to lack of prosecutable evidence and procedural grounds, effectively closing the case against the Hindujas after nearly two decades.

2001 Passport Affair

In 2001, the Hinduja brothers, key figures in the Hinduja Group, became embroiled in a in the over their applications for British passports, which coincided with a £1 million donation from the Hinduja Foundation to the Millennium Dome's Faith Zone. The controversy, often termed the "cash-for-passports" affair, centered on allegations that the donation influenced the fast-tracking or security of the passports amid the brothers' ongoing legal troubles in related to the arms scandal. Srichand Hinduja and had initially applied for passports in the ; was granted in , while Srichand's second application succeeded in 1999, followed by the donation in 1999. The scandal intensified on January 19, 2001, when three Hinduja brothers—Srichand, Gopichand, and Prakash—appeared in an Indian court charged with conspiracy and cheating in the 1986 case, prompting scrutiny of their citizenship status. Europe Minister faced questions after it emerged he had written to immigration officials in 2000 inquiring about Srichand Hinduja's application and later contacted them regarding potential amid the Indian charges; Vaz denied any impropriety. Separately, former Cabinet Minister admitted to telephoning the head of immigration at the in December 2000 at the request of Srichand Hinduja, who was concerned about his passport's validity post-Bofors charges; Mandelson passed on Hinduja's contact details but claimed no favoritism was sought or given. This led to Mandelson's on January 24, 2001, as Prime Minister Tony Blair's office initiated an inquiry. Prime Minister had personally encouraged the Hinduja donation through his envoy Lord Levy during a October 29, 1998, meeting at the , where Levy, on Blair's instructions, suggested £1 million for the Faith Zone instead of the brothers' proposed £6 million underwriting; the applications predated this but fueled perceptions of linkage. The Hindujas consistently denied any , asserting the donation was independent and that they sought no political favors for the passports. In May 2001, Srichand Hinduja consulted UK Consul-General Simon Collis in about delaying his UK return until after the general election to avoid further embarrassing the Labour Party. An independent inquiry by Sir Anthony Hammond, published on March 9, 2001, cleared Mandelson of deliberate wrongdoing, finding his actions arose from a "misplaced sense of kindness" but criticizing the lack of a written note on the call; it concluded no improper pressure was exerted on decisions. The affair highlighted tensions between the Hinduja Group's international business interests and political funding practices but resulted in no charges against the brothers or revocation of their passports at the time.

2024 Swiss Staff Exploitation Case

In June 2024, the Geneva Criminal Court convicted four members of the Hinduja family—, his wife Kamalika (Kamal), their son Ajay Hinduja, and Ajay's wife Namrata Hinduja—of exploiting three Indian domestic workers at the family's villa in , a suburb of . The court determined that the workers, recruited from , were subjected to unauthorized employment without proper work permits, paid wages of 220 to 400 Swiss francs (approximately £195 to £350) per month—less than 10% of the Swiss legal —and required to work shifts of 16 to 18 hours daily without overtime compensation. Additional findings included the confiscation of the workers' passports, restrictions on their freedom to leave the property, and isolation from external contact, which the court deemed exploitative under Swiss labor laws. The prosecution stemmed from complaints filed by the workers in 2018, though a related civil was settled confidentially out of court in June 2024, leading the employees to withdraw their personal claims prior to the criminal trial's conclusion. Despite this, public prosecutors pursued the case independently, presenting evidence that highlighted discrepancies such as the family's expenditure on a pet dog exceeding the annual salaries paid to the staff. The court acquitted the family of more severe charges including and (unlawful profiteering from labor), ruling that while exploitation occurred, the element of required for trafficking was not sufficiently proven. Sentences handed down on June 21, 2024, included 4 years and 6 months of each for Prakash and Kamal Hinduja, and 4 years each for Ajay and Namrata Hinduja; the family was also ordered to pay approximately $950,000 in compensation to the workers and $300,000 in procedural costs. The defendants were absent from the proceedings, and under Swiss , the —being first-instance convictions with no prior criminal records—may be eligible for suspension pending , avoiding immediate incarceration. The Hinduja family rejected the verdict, describing it as "shocking" and maintaining that the workers were treated as members, provided with , food, and medical care alongside cash payments, and afforded freedom to leave or visit . Their legal team, led by attorney Assael, announced an immediate appeal to Switzerland's higher courts, expressing confidence in overturning the ruling through further . As of late , the appeal process was underway, with no reported resolution by October 2025. The case, while personal to the family, drew attention to labor practices in private households of high-net-worth individuals and did not directly implicate Hinduja Group operations.

Family and Corporate Disputes

The Hinduja Group's internal disputes center on conflicts among the four founding brothers—Srichand Parmanand (SP) Hinduja, , , and Ashok Hinduja—over the interpretation of shared ownership principles and control of key assets, including the Geneva-based Hinduja Bank. These tensions, rooted in the family's tradition of collective stewardship, escalated publicly in June 2020 when SP Hinduja, then suffering from , initiated legal proceedings in the UK High Court against his brothers, accusing them of leveraging a 2014 family declaration to orchestrate a "power grab" for corporate dominance. The declaration, a letter signed by the brothers stating "everything belongs to everyone and nothing belongs to anyone," was presented by the younger siblings as encompassing all group entities, while SP argued it represented a rather than a binding corporate instrument, particularly excluding his personal holdings like the bank. The feud disrupted family governance and corporate operations, with proceedings revealing strains on SP's care arrangements; a 2022 UK Court of Protection judgment noted that the litigation over the bank had delayed funding for his dementia-related needs, forcing reliance on public resources despite the family's wealth. In November 2022, the brothers reached a confidential worldwide truce in London, mediated to resolve overlapping claims in jurisdictions including Switzerland and the Channel Islands, ostensibly preserving unified control under Gopichand as chairman. However, the agreement's fragility surfaced in April 2023 hearings, where lawyers indicated unresolved rifts, including challenges from relatives like Gopichand's daughter Vinu Hinduja over asset allocations. SP Hinduja's death on May 17, 2023, at age 87 intensified succession uncertainties, as his childless estate—valued within the group's estimated $14-20 billion empire—faced claims from the surviving brothers, reigniting litigation across , , and the . By July 2025, the heirs of SP Hinduja were embroiled in a specific dispute with the three younger brothers over a , highlighting persistent divisions in asset division and corporate oversight. These conflicts underscore challenges in transitioning from fraternal consensus to formalized succession in a conglomerate spanning banking, automotive, and media sectors, with no public resolution as of late 2024.

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