Jacarea

Jacarea; Temporal range: Paleocene–Present, 66–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Yacare caiman, Caiman yacare
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Archosauria
Order:	Crocodilia
Superfamily:	Alligatoroidea
Family:	Alligatoridae
Subfamily:	Caimaninae
Clade:	Jacarea; Norell, 1988
Genera
	Caiman; Melanosuchus; †Acresuchus; †Centenariosuchus; †Necrosuchus; †Purussaurus;

Jacarea is a clade of caimans within the subfamily Caimaninae. Jacarea was first named by Norell in 1988 to include the extant species within the genera Caiman and Melanosuchus, while excluding the dwarf caiman genus Paleosuchus.^[1] In 1999, Brochu formally cladistically defined Jacarea as the last common ancestor of Caiman latirosris (Broad-snouted caiman), Caiman crocodilus (Spectacled caiman), Caiman yacare (Yacare caiman), Melanosuchus niger (Black caiman), and all its descendants.^[1] Molecular DNA phylogenetic studies recover Paleosuchus as outside of Jacarea, although morphological studies are inconsistent.^[1]

The cladogram below shows the results of the strict consensus phylogenetic analysis of the 2020 Cicade et al. study:^[2]

Caimaninae

†Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus

†Gnatusuchus pebasensis

†Globidentosuchus brachyrostris

†Eocaiman palaeocenicus

	†Eocaiman itaboraiensis

	†Eocaiman cavernensis

†Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis

	†Bottosaurus harlani

	†Tsoabichi greenriverensis

	Paleosuchus trigonatus Smooth-fronted caiman

	Paleosuchus palpebrosus Cuvier's dwarf caiman

†Caiman gasparinae

	†Mourasuchus amazonensis

	†Mourasuchus pattersoni

	†Mourasuchus atopus

	†Mourasuchus arendsi

Jacarea

†Necrosuchus ionensis

†UCMP 39978

†Caiman wannlangstoni

†Centenariosuchus gilmorei

†Caiman brevirostris

Melanosuchus niger Black caiman

Caiman latirostris Broad-snouted caiman

Caiman yacare Yacare caiman

Caiman crocodilus Spectacled caiman

†Acresuchus pachytemporalis

	†Purussaurus neivensis

	†Purussaurus mirandai

	†Purussaurus brasiliensis

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9 e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. PMC 8428266. PMID 34567843.
^ Cicade, G.M.; Fortier, D.; Hsiou, A.S. (2020). "Taxonomic and phylogenetic review of Necrosuchus ionensis (Alligatoroidea: Caimaninae) and the early evolution and radiation of caimanines". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (2): 657–669. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz051.

[Rio2021-1] Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9 e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. PMC 8428266. PMID 34567843.

[Cicade2020-2] Cicade, G.M.; Fortier, D.; Hsiou, A.S. (2020). "Taxonomic and phylogenetic review of Necrosuchus ionensis (Alligatoroidea: Caimaninae) and the early evolution and radiation of caimanines". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (2): 657–669. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz051.

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[2]

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Jacarea Temporal range: Paleocene–Present, 66–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Yacare caiman, Caiman yacare
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Archosauria
Order:	Crocodilia
Superfamily:	Alligatoroidea
Family:	Alligatoridae
Subfamily:	Caimaninae
Clade:	Jacarea Norell, 1988
Genera
Caiman Melanosuchus †Acresuchus †Centenariosuchus †Necrosuchus †Purussaurus