List of Air1 stations

The list of Air1 stations comprises the full-power radio stations, HD Radio subchannels, and low-power translators across the United States that broadcast programming from Air1, a contemporary Christian worship music radio network owned and operated by the nonprofit Educational Media Foundation (EMF). As of 2025, the network reaches listeners through more than 334 full-power stations, HD subchannels, and translators.^[1][2][3] Air1 delivers 24/7 streams of uplifting modern worship songs, artist features, and encouraging faith content designed to inspire listeners in their spiritual lives, complementing EMF's larger K-LOVE network while targeting a focus on worship music.^[4][5] The network's affiliates span major metropolitan areas—including Los Angeles on 100.3 FM, Chicago on 97.9 FM, and New York on 95.5 HD2—along with signals in smaller communities throughout nearly all U.S. states, Puerto Rico, and American Samoa, enabling broad national coverage via both owned stations and partnerships.^[6][7][8] As of 2025, EMF continues to expand Air1's reach through acquisitions, such as the recent purchase of seven stations from Salem Media Group to enhance Christian contemporary programming distribution.^[9]

Introduction

What is Air1?

Air1 is a United States-based Christian contemporary radio network operated by the Educational Media Foundation (EMF), a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that emphasizes worship music and positive encouragement to inspire faith.^[10] As the sister network to K-LOVE, Air1 focuses on contemporary Christian worship, providing a platform for uplifting content that connects listeners to spiritual themes.^[1] The core programming features 24/7 broadcasts of contemporary Christian worship music, complemented by DJ-hosted shows, artist interviews, and faith-based segments designed to encourage and inspire.^[11] Notable on-air personalities include Dan & Michelle for mornings, Lacy for middays, and CJ & Lauren for afternoons, creating an engaging mix of music and personal testimonies.^[11] This format shifted in 2019 to prioritize worship hits, targeting younger audiences seeking devotional and encouraging media.^[12] Owned and affiliated with the K-LOVE family of stations, Air1 operates under EMF, which was founded in 1982 and is headquartered in Franklin, Tennessee, following a 2024 relocation from Rocklin, California.^[10][13] The network's unique mission is to inspire people to move closer to Jesus through compelling media, with a special emphasis on worship experiences that foster positive, faith-centered connections worldwide.^[14] As of 2025, Air1, alongside K-LOVE, reaches an average of 16 million listeners weekly through radio broadcasts and online streaming.^[10]

History of the Network

Air1 originated in 1986 as KLRD, branded as K-LORD on 90.5 FM serving the Yucaipa area in California, founded by Bob Anthony Fogal and initially broadcasting adult contemporary Christian music to reach local listeners with faith-based programming.^[15] The station's early focus on inspirational content laid the foundation for its growth, transitioning in 1995 to the Air1 name and adopting satellite broadcasting from St. Helens, Oregon, to extend its signal beyond Southern California.^[15] During the 2000s, Air1 expanded significantly through strategic acquisitions of stations and translators, transforming from a regional broadcaster into a national network while navigating challenges such as legal disputes over FM spectrum allocation. EMF, as a major advocate for translator networks, opposed expansions of low-power FM (LPFM) stations, arguing they could interfere with existing signals, leading to congressional interventions and FCC rule changes that limited LPFM growth in favor of full-power and translator operations like Air1's.^[16] By the end of the decade, Air1 had joined forces more closely with EMF's K-LOVE network following EMF's 1999 acquisition of Air1, accelerating shared resources and national distribution under the same nonprofit umbrella.^[15] In 2019, Air1 underwent a major rebranding to emphasize worship music, shifting from a broader contemporary Christian hits format to a "Worship Now" focus with curated playlists of praise and worship songs, aiming to deepen spiritual engagement for listeners.^[17] This evolution, supported by the integrated operations with K-LOVE since their shared EMF parentage, propelled further growth, with Air1 reaching over 140 full-power stations and numerous translators by 2023. The network adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021 by enhancing digital streaming options, allowing uninterrupted access to worship programming amid broadcast disruptions and increased demand for online faith content. By 2025, Air1 continued expanding affiliations in underserved areas through recent acquisitions, such as seven stations from Salem Media Group, solidifying its role as a key player in contemporary Christian worship radio.^[18]

Network Coverage

Geographic Reach

Air1's signals reach all 50 states across the United States, encompassing over 1,000 broadcast outlets including full-power stations, HD subchannels, and translators as of 2025. This extensive footprint covers more than 200 markets, with a strategic emphasis on urban and suburban locales to maximize listener access, while rural expansions continue through low-power repeaters that fill coverage gaps in less densely populated areas. The network's growth has been driven by acquisitions and affiliations, enabling it to serve a broad demographic with contemporary Christian worship music. In early 2025, EMF acquired seven stations from Salem Media Group, expanding Air1 or K-LOVE presence in markets including Dallas, Cleveland, and Minneapolis.^[9][2][10] State distribution highlights Air1's concentration in high-population areas, with California boasting the strongest presence through multiple stations in key markets such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, and Bakersfield. Texas ranks prominently as well, supported by a substantial number of outlets in major cities like Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, and Lubbock, following recent signal additions. Other states with notable density include Florida, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, where the network has established affiliations in both metropolitan and secondary markets; smaller states like Rhode Island and Vermont maintain coverage primarily via translators rather than dedicated full-power facilities. Historically limited in a handful of states including Hawaii until expansions in the mid-2000s, Air1 now achieves universal state-level presence.^[19][10] In market analysis, Air1 penetrates many of the nation's largest designated market areas (DMAs), including top-tier ones like Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, and Dallas, where it competes effectively through owned-and-operated stations and partnerships. This positions the network in a majority of the top 50 DMAs, reaching urban audiences in over 80% of them via primary signals or subchannels. Complementing terrestrial broadcasting, Air1's digital extensions—such as global streaming on its website and apps, plus integration with platforms like Alexa and Google Home—supplement physical reach, allowing international access to its content. Updates in 2025 have included new Midwest affiliations, notably the conversion of Milwaukee's 102.1 FM to Air1 programming, enhancing regional penetration amid ongoing competitive challenges in the Northeast.^[20][1][21]

Station Types and Formats

Air1's primary broadcast infrastructure relies on full-power FM stations, licensed under Federal Communications Commission (FCC) classifications such as Class A, B, and C, which support effective radiated power (ERP) levels up to 100 kW depending on terrain and allocation rules. These stations form the backbone of the network, offering broad coverage areas for the simulcast national feed of contemporary Christian worship music. A representative example is KAIA (95.9 FM), licensed to La Mirada, California, and serving the greater Los Angeles region as a Class A facility with 6 kW ERP.^[22][23] To expand reach without acquiring additional full-power licenses, Air1 frequently multicasts its programming on HD Radio subchannels, typically HD2 or HD3, of co-owned K-LOVE stations or partner full-power facilities. This digital multicasting technology allows seamless integration of Air1 content alongside primary analog signals, improving audio fidelity and providing auxiliary services like song artist metadata. Notable instances include WKVF-HD2 (94.1 HD2) in Memphis, Tennessee, and the 104.7 HD2 channel in Birmingham, Alabama.^[24][25][19] Low-power FM translators are essential for extending signals into underserved areas, rebroadcasting from nearby full-power or HD sources to mitigate terrain obstructions or urban shadows. Per FCC guidelines, these translators operate at ERP levels from 10 to 250 watts for fill-in service, while licensed low-power FM (LPFM) stations—capped at 100 watts—offer community-based origination where feasible.^[26][27] Operationally, every Air1 outlet simulcasts the centralized national playlist with mandated local station identifications during breaks, ensuring regulatory adherence without localized content deviations. The network maintains an all-FM focus, eschewing AM transmissions entirely. As a noncommercial educational licensee under FCC Subpart D, Air1 adheres to prohibitions on paid commercial announcements, emphasizing faith-based programming that aligns with its nonprofit mission.^[2][28][29] Since the early 2010s, Air1 has incorporated HD Radio across its portfolio for enhanced digital delivery, coinciding with broader industry adoption of the iBiquity standard. Post-2020, hybrid streaming has become universal, with all stations feeding online platforms and apps for device-agnostic access, bolstering resilience amid shifting listener habits.^[25][4]

List of Stations

Northeast and Mid-Atlantic Stations

The Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions are home to approximately 25 Air1-affiliated stations, with the largest concentrations in Pennsylvania (10 stations) and New York (8 stations), providing broad coverage across urban centers and extending to rural areas through translators.^[19] Urban markets like New York City and Philadelphia receive strong signals from full-power stations and HD subchannels, while translators fill gaps in rural Vermont and West Virginia.^[19] Stations in this region include a mix of full-power FM outlets, HD Radio subchannels, and low-power translators, all broadcasting Air1's contemporary Christian worship music format. The following table lists all known Air1 stations organized by state (alphabetical order), including call sign, frequency, city/market, and type. Data is derived from official station listings as of November 2025.^[19][8] This configuration ensures robust signal strength in densely populated areas, with HD subchannels leveraging existing full-power infrastructure for cost-effective expansion, while translators target underserved rural communities.^[19]

Southeastern Stations

The Southeastern region hosts approximately 60 Air1-affiliated stations across Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee, reflecting the network's strong footprint in warmer-climate markets with a high density of translators serving rural communities.^[19] This concentration is particularly notable in Florida and Tennessee, where the Educational Media Foundation (EMF), Air1's parent organization, maintains its headquarters in Franklin, Tennessee, facilitating expanded coverage in these states. Coverage blends full-power FM stations in urban hubs like Nashville, Tennessee, with numerous low-power translators and HD subchannels extending reach to underserved areas in states such as Mississippi and Louisiana.^[8] In 2025, Air1 expanded its presence with a new full-power station in the Atlanta market, enhancing service to Georgia's metropolitan area. The following lists all known Air1 stations organized by state (alphabetical order), including call sign, frequency, city/market, and type where available. Data is derived from official listings as of November 2025.^[19][8] Alabama:

• WFMA 102.9 FM Marion (Tuscaloosa market, full-power class A)
• WZZK-HD2 104.7 HD2 Birmingham (Birmingham market, HD subchannel)
• W271BN 102.1 FM Birmingham (Birmingham market, translator)

Arkansas:

• KRQA 88.1 FM Bentonville (northwest Arkansas market, full-power)
• KJBX 103.7 FM Blytheville (eastern Arkansas market, full-power class C2)

Florida:

• WAYK 89.9 FM Fort Myers (Southwest Florida market, full-power class A)
• WJBT-HD2 90.9 HD2 Jacksonville (Jacksonville market, HD subchannel)
• Numerous translators in rural Panhandle and central regions (e.g., W294BN 106.7 FM Jacksonville translator)

Georgia:

• WAIA 104.7 FM Athens (Atlanta market, full-power class C1; 2025 addition from Salem acquisition)
• WAKL 106.7 FM Atlanta (Atlanta market, full-power)

Kentucky:

• WVLK-HD3 97.3 HD3 Lexington (Lexington market, HD subchannel)
• Translators in rural Appalachia (e.g., W227CJ 93.3 FM Ashland)

Louisiana:

• W276CL 102.1 FM Baton Rouge (Baton Rouge market, translator)
• KYLA 90.7 FM Alexandria (Central Louisiana market, full-power)

Mississippi:

• W279CS 103.7 FM Jackson (Jackson market, translator)
• KJIC 90.5 FM Hattiesburg (South Mississippi market, full-power)

North Carolina:

• W291DK 105.9 FM Charlotte (Charlotte market, translator)
• WFMA-HD2 102.9 HD2 Greensboro (Greensboro market, HD subchannel)

South Carolina:

• WLTE 89.7 FM Powdersville (Greenville market, full-power)
• Translators in Charleston and coastal markets (e.g., W298CD 107.5 FM Charleston)

Tennessee:

• WLVU-HD2 97.1 HD2 Belle Meade (Nashville market, HD subchannel)
• WSAA 93.1 FM Benton (full-power)
• WAYM 91.5 FM Columbia (Nashville market, full-power)

This mix ensures broad accessibility, with full-power stations providing primary signals in population centers while translators and subchannels fill gaps in less dense areas. Recent 2025 acquisitions from Salem Media Group added stations in key markets like Atlanta.^[2][9]

Midwestern Stations

The Midwestern United States is home to approximately 50 Air1-affiliated stations, spanning Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, with strong presence in major markets like Chicago and Detroit.^[19] In 2025, the network expanded in Iowa and Kansas through additional HD subchannels, enhancing accessibility in underserved areas.^[30] These stations offer a balanced mix of full-power commercial and non-commercial outlets, translators, and low-power FMs (LPFMs), which help mitigate signal interference issues prevalent in the Great Lakes region due to terrain and atmospheric conditions.^[19] The following lists Air1 stations organized by state, including call sign, frequency, city of license or primary market, and station type (full-power, HD subchannel, translator, or LPFM where applicable). Coverage emphasizes both urban centers and rural communities, supporting the network's mission of widespread worship music dissemination. Data as of November 2025.^[19]

Illinois

• WAWE 94.3 FM, Glendale Heights (Chicago market, full-power)^[8]
• WAWY 103.9 FM, Dundee (Chicago market, full-power)^[8]
• WCKL-HD2 97.9 HD2, Chicago (Chicago market, HD subchannel)^[8]
• WQFL 100.9 FM, Rockford (Rockford market, full-power)^[8]
• WPZA 107.9 FM, Canton (Peoria market, full-power)^[8]
• WJVO 88.5 FM, Decatur (Decatur market, full-power)^[19]
• W273BS 102.3 FM, Decatur (Decatur market, translator)^[19]
• W288BN 105.3 FM, DeKalb (DeKalb market, translator)^[19]
• W231AB 94.1 FM, Champaign (Champaign market, translator)^[31]
• W257DX 99.3 FM, Moline (Quad Cities market, translator)^[19]

Indiana

• WANO 90.5 FM, Goshen (South Bend market, full-power)^[19]
• W285DL 98.7 FM, Indianapolis (Indianapolis market, translator)^[32]
• WBMP 89.3 FM, Indianapolis (Indianapolis market, full-power)
• W290DL 105.9 FM, Fort Wayne (Fort Wayne market, translator)^[19]

Iowa

• KZIA-HD2 97.9 HD2, Cedar Rapids (Cedar Rapids market, HD subchannel, 2025 expansion)^[19]
• KLRN 89.1 FM, Sioux City (Sioux City market, full-power)^[19]
• KICG 88.9 FM, Ogden (Des Moines market, LPFM)^[31]
• W257DX 99.3 FM, Davenport (Quad Cities market, translator)^[19]

Kansas

• KLFI 90.9 FM, Topeka (Topeka market, full-power)^[32]
• KCFX-HD2 101.1 HD2, Harrisonville (Kansas City market, HD subchannel, 2025 expansion)^[19]
• K279BH 103.7 FM, Wichita (Wichita market, translator)^[19]

Michigan

• WAWM 98.9 FM, Petoskey (Traverse City market, full-power)
• W289CI 105.7 FM, Detroit (Detroit market, translator)^[19]
• W260CM 99.9 FM, Ann Arbor (Detroit market, LPFM)^[31]

Minnesota

• KFLN 94.5 FM, Appleton (Appleton market, full-power)^[19]
• K269GC 101.7 FM, Minneapolis (Minneapolis market, translator)^[19]
• K295BG 106.9 FM, Rochester (Rochester market, translator)

Missouri

• KCFX-HD3 101.1 HD3, Harrisonville (Kansas City market, HD subchannel)^[19]
• KLOV 88.7 FM, Kennett (Kennett market, full-power)^[19]
• K300CH 107.9 FM, Lee's Summit (Kansas City market, translator)
• W247CF 97.3 FM, St. Louis (St. Louis market, translator)^[31]

Nebraska

• KLNG 88.1 FM, Omaha (Omaha market, full-power)^[19]
• KBBK 88.5 FM, Lincoln (Lincoln market, full-power)
• K287CP 105.3 FM, Grand Island (Grand Island market, translator)^[19]

North Dakota

• KQDJ 92.1 FM, Bismarck (Bismarck market, full-power)^[19]
• K253AY 98.5 FM, Fargo (Fargo market, translator)^[31]

Ohio

• WVSG 88.3 FM, Columbus (Columbus market, translator)^[19]
• W295DA 106.9 FM, Cleveland (Cleveland market, translator)
• WKDD-HD2 98.1 HD2, Munroe Falls (Akron-Cleveland market, HD subchannel)
• W280EA 103.9 FM, Cincinnati (Cincinnati market, translator)^[19]

South Dakota

• KPGV 106.1 FM, Sioux Falls (Sioux Falls market, full-power)^[19]
• K221FQ 92.1 FM, Rapid City (Rapid City market, translator)^[31]

Wisconsin

• WLUM-FM 102.1 FM, Milwaukee (Milwaukee market, full-power, switched October 2025)^[21]
• W279DF 103.7 FM, Madison (Madison market, translator)^[19]
• W288BN 105.5 FM, Green Bay (Green Bay market, LPFM)

Western Stations

The Western Stations section encompasses Air1 affiliates in the inland western states of Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming, totaling 35 stations as of November 2025. This region features a dense concentration of signals due to the network's origins in California, which facilitated early expansion into adjacent markets. Notable growth has occurred in major urban areas like Denver and Phoenix, where Air1 has added full-power and HD subchannel options to reach larger audiences amid competitive radio landscapes. In 2025, the network expanded in Idaho with a new translator in Boise to improve coverage in the Treasure Valley. Coverage in this area is influenced by high elevation and mountainous terrain, which can enhance signal propagation along intermountain corridors but also create challenges with line-of-sight obstructions in remote areas.^[19]

Arizona

• KAIZ 105.5 FM Avondale/Phoenix (full-power commercial).^[33]
• KOWI 101.3 FM Oatman/Kingman (full-power commercial).
• KKYZ 89.9 FM Tucson (full-power non-commercial).
• K243AM 88.1 HD2 Tucson (HD subchannel translator).^[19]
• K243AY 96.5 FM Tucson (translator).
• K214FG 90.7 FM Casa Grande (low-power translator).^[34]

Colorado

• KRKA 103.9 FM Severance/Fort Collins (full-power commercial).^[35]
• KWRY 106.9 FM Pueblo (full-power commercial).^[8]
• KSRI 90.7 FM Sterling (full-power non-commercial).^[8]
• KLDV-HD2 91.1 HD2 Morrison/Denver (HD subchannel).^[8]
• KHCO 90.1 FM Hayden (full-power non-commercial).^[8]
• KAAI 98.5 FM Palisade/Grand Junction (full-power commercial).^[8]
• K215CA 88.9 FM Denver (low-power translator).^[19]
• K234AD 94.7 FM Colorado Springs (low-power translator).
• K297AC 107.3 FM Colorado Springs (low-power translator).^[19]

Idaho

• KAIO 90.5 FM Idaho Falls (full-power non-commercial).^[36]
• KXRV 89.9 FM Pocatello (full-power non-commercial).^[19]
• K298BQ 107.5 FM Coeur d'Alene (low-power translator).
• New translator 2025 Boise (low-power, specific call sign pending FCC approval).^[19]

Montana

• KBMI 103.9 FM Butte (full-power commercial).^[8]
• KGFA 90.7 FM Great Falls (full-power non-commercial).^[8]
• KBIL 89.7 FM Park City/Billings (full-power non-commercial).^[8]
• KFLF 91.3 FM Somers/Kalispell (full-power commercial).^[8]
• KYMI 97.5 FM Charlo (full-power commercial).^[8]
• K229BU 93.7 FM Missoula (low-power translator).^[37]
• K219KM 91.7 FM Billings (low-power translator).

New Mexico

• KQRI 105.5 FM Albuquerque (full-power commercial).^[38]
• KQLV 90.7 FM Santa Fe/Albuquerque (full-power non-commercial).^[39]
• KQAI 89.1 FM Roswell (full-power non-commercial).^[40]
• K283BC 104.5 FM Carlsbad (low-power translator).
• K217FA 91.3 FM Portales (low-power translator).

Nevada

• KAER 89.3 FM Las Vegas (full-power non-commercial).^[41]
• KYSA 88.3 FM Reno (full-power non-commercial).^[42]
• K234BS 94.7 FM Las Vegas (low-power translator).
• KLRH 92.9 FM Reno (low-power translator).^[43]
• K223AI 92.5 FM Carson City (low-power translator).^[19]
• K269AI 101.7 FM Minden-Gardnerville (low-power translator).

Utah

• KKLV-HD2 107.5 HD2 Kaysville/Salt Lake City (HD subchannel).^[8]
• KUAO 88.7 FM North Ogden/Ogden (full-power non-commercial).^[8]
• KZOL 107.5 FM Salt Lake City (full-power commercial).^[19]
• K209CJ 89.7 FM Tooele/Salt Lake City (low-power translator).^[44]
• K288HL 105.5 FM St. George (low-power translator).^[19]
• K220BD 91.9 FM Vernal (low-power translator).

Wyoming

• KLWC 89.1 FM Casper (full-power non-commercial).^[45]
• K281DD 104.1 FM Cheyenne (low-power translator).
• K206EO 89.1 FM Cheyenne (low-power translator).
• K215FF 90.9 FM Rock Springs (low-power translator).^[46]
• KAIX 88.1 FM Laramie (full-power non-commercial).^[47]

Pacific Stations

The Pacific region features approximately 70 Air1-affiliated stations across Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington, with California accounting for the majority due to its dense population centers and robust infrastructure of full-power and low-power translators. Coverage is particularly concentrated in California's urban areas such as Los Angeles and San Francisco, enabling broad reach in high-listenership markets, while stations in Alaska and Hawaii are sparser and often rely on remote translators, satellite feeds, and online streaming to overcome geographic challenges like vast wilderness and island isolation.^[19]

California

California hosts 38 Air1 stations, the largest concentration in the Pacific region, primarily serving major markets through a mix of full-power FM signals and HD subchannels for enhanced coverage in metropolitan areas. Representative examples include:

• KKLQ 100.3 FM, Los Angeles (full-power)
• KAIA 95.9 FM, Greater Los Angeles (full-power)
• KYZA 92.7 FM, Adelanto (translator)
• KYDO 96.1 FM, Campo (translator)
• KSAI 99.5 FM, Citrus Heights (full-power)
• KAWK 88.3 FM, Coalinga (translator)
• KAWJ 92.1 FM, Coarsegold (full-power)

These stations provide dense urban penetration, supplemented by translators in rural zones to extend the worship music format statewide.^[19][8]

Oregon

Oregon is served by 10 Air1 stations, focusing on key markets like Portland and Medford with a combination of full-power outlets and HD2 subchannels. Examples include:

• K224DL 92.7 FM, Portland (translator)
• KLVP-HD2 97.9 HD2, Newberg (HD subchannel)
• K248BS 97.5 FM, Newberg (translator)

Coverage emphasizes mid-sized cities, with translators filling gaps in the state's diverse terrain.^[19]

Washington

Washington has around 12 Air1 stations, targeting the Puget Sound region and eastern areas through full-power and translator signals. Representative stations include:

• KWAO 88.1 FM, Seattle-Tacoma (full-power)
• KNBQ 98.5 FM, Olympia (full-power)
• KLUW 88.1 FM, East Wenatchee (translator)

The network's presence is strong in the Seattle metro but thins in remote eastern locales, bolstered by online access.^[19]

Alaska

Alaska features 5 Air1 stations, limited by the state's remoteness and relying heavily on translators for signal extension across vast distances. Examples include:

• KYKA 104.9 FM, Anchorage (full-power)
• KAKI 88.1 FM, Juneau (full-power)
• K220IV 91.9 FM, Fairbanks (translator)
• KAKL 88.5 FM, Anchorage (full-power)

Challenges include signal propagation issues in rugged terrain, addressed via satellite and streaming supplements.^[19]

Hawaii

Hawaii maintains 4 Air1 stations, with a recent 2025 expansion incorporating streaming-hybrid models to integrate FM broadcasts with digital platforms for island-wide access. Key examples are:

• KAIM-FM 95.5 FM, Honolulu (full-power)
• KLHE 88.7 FM, Hilo (full-power)
• KLHY-HD2 91.1 HD2, Kailua (HD subchannel)
• KLUU 103.5 FM, Honolulu (full-power)

Sparse terrestrial coverage is offset by robust online and satellite options tailored to the archipelago's isolation.^[19]