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KCB Group
KCB Group
from Wikipedia

KCB Group Limited, also known as the KCB Group, is a financial services holding company based in the African Great Lakes region. The Group's headquarters are in Nairobi, Kenya, with its subsidiaries being KCB Bank Kenya Limited, KCB Bank Burundi Limited, KCB Bank Rwanda Limited, KCB Bank South Sudan Limited, KCB Bank Tanzania Limited, KCB TMB Congo and KCB Bank Uganda Limited.[3]

Key Information

Overview

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As of June 2023, the Group had assets of US$12.84 billion (KSh:1.86 trillion) with shareholders' equity of US$1.5 billion (KSh:US$218 billion).[2] In July 2015, news media reported that the group was pursuing expansion plans into the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, and Mozambique.[4]

History

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The history of Kenya Commercial Bank Limited dates back to July 1896, when its predecessor, the National Bank of India (NBI), opened a branch in Mombasa to handle the business that the port was attracting at that time.

In 1958, Grindlays Bank merged with the NBI to form the National and Grindlays Bank (NGB). Upon independence, the government of Kenya acquired 60 percent shareholding in NGB in an effort to bring banking closer to the majority of Kenyans. In 1970, the government acquired 100 percent of the shareholding in NGB to take full control of the largest commercial bank in Kenya. NGB was then renamed Kenya Commercial Bank (KCB). In 1972, KCB acquired Savings & Loan Kenya Limited, which specialized in mortgage finance.

In 1988, the first 20 percent of the government's shares in the company were sold through an Initial public offering on the Nairobi Securities exchange. The government has over the years reduced its shareholding to 23.6 percent. In the rights issue of 2010, the government further reduced its shareholding to 17.31 percent.

KCB Tanzania Limited was incorporated in Dar es Salaam in 1997. Since then, KCB has opened 11 more branches in Tanzania. In May 2006, KCB extended its operations to South Sudan following licensing of KCB Sudan. This subsidiary now has over 20 branches in that country. In November 2007, KCB Bank Uganda Limited was opened. KCB currently has 14 branches in Uganda. In December 2008, KCB Rwanda began operations with one branch at Kigali. There are currently 11 branches spread out in the country. In 2012, KCB registered a subsidiary in Burundi, KCB Burundi, becoming the first bank in the region to be presented in all the African Great Lakes countries.

Before 2015, KCB was both a licensed bank and a holding company for its subsidiaries. In compliance with the Kenya Finance Act No. 57 of 2012, KCB Group announced in April 2015 its intention to incorporate a new, wholly owned subsidiary, KCB Bank Kenya Limited, to which it would transfer its Kenyan banking business, assets, and liabilities. The re-organisation converted KCB Group into a non-trading holding company that owns both banking and non-banking subsidiary companies.[5]

Ownership

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The shares of KCB Group are listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange under the symbol KCB. The Group's stock is cross listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, the Rwanda Stock Exchange, and the Uganda Securities Exchange.[6]

As of 31 December 2023, the ten largest shareholders in the KCB Group were as listed below:[7]

KCB Group Limited stock ownership
Rank Name of owner Percentage ownership
1 Permanent Secretary to the Treasury of Kenya 19.76
2 National Social Security Fund (Kenya) 9.73
11 Other shareholders via the NSE, DSE, USE and RSE 70.51
Total 100.00

Governance

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The chairman of the bank's board of directors is Dr. Joseph Kinyua.[1] Paul Russo is both the managing director and the chief executive officer of the banking group.[8]

Member companies

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Branches of subsidiaries

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KCB subsidiary No. of branches
KCB Bank Kenya 200
KCB Bank South Sudan 20
KCB Bank Tanzania 17
KCB Bank Uganda 15
KCB Bank Rwanda 11
KCB Bank Burundi 3

KCB Bank Burundi

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Kenya Commercial Bank Burundi Limited is a commercial bank and subsidiary of KCB group in Burundi, licensed by the Bank of the Republic of Burundi, the national banking regulator.[9] As of December 2015 KCB Burundi comprises 0.6 percent of the KCB Group's total assets. It is estimated that the bank's total assets were approximately US$33.6 million (KSh3.34 billion), as of December 2015.[10][11]

In February 2012, KCB Group received regulatory approval to establish a subsidiary in Burundi.[12] KCB Burundi commenced provision of banking services on 8 May 2012, having been granted a commercial banking license on 18 April 2012. With its establishment, KCB became the first financial services group to establish subsidiaries in all countries of the East African Community.[13][14][15]

In February 2020, KCB Burundi opened its third branch in the country in Gitega, Burundi's capital. This was after years of stagnation due to political unrest.[16] As of September 2020, KCB Burundi maintained two branches in Bujumbura, and one in Gitega.

Trust Merchant Bank

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In August 2022, KCB Group agreed to acquire 85 percent shareholding in Trust Merchant Bank at "1.49 times the book value". At that time, the bank was the third-largest bank by assets in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is estimated that the transaction would cost approximately KSh15 billion/= (US$127 million then). KCB also agreed to acquire the remaining 15 percent ownership in the bank, not later than 2024. The deal requires shareholder and regulatory approvals in Kenya and DRCongo.[17]

Kenya Commercial Bank KCB Towers

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In December 2010, construction of a new headquarters building began in the Upper Hill section of Nairobi. Construction took two years, with occupancy beginning in January 2013. The new Kenya Commercial Bank Towers (KCB Towers) is 21 storeys tall, having about 15,960 square metres (171,800 sq ft) of rentable office space and enough parking for about 450 cars. The owners of the building are the Kenya Commercial Bank Employee Pension Fund, which is funding the KES:2.1 billion construction.[18]

See also

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
KCB Group Plc is a holding company headquartered in , , and serves as one of East Africa's largest commercial banks, having been established in 1896 as a provider of retail, corporate, and services. The group operates in seven East African markets—, , , , , , and the Democratic Republic of Congo—along with representative offices in and Brussels, Belgium, impacting over 32 million customers through an extensive network of 455 branches, 1,224 ATMs, and over 1.3 million merchants and agents. As a non-operating holding company, KCB Group oversees a portfolio of subsidiaries that include core banking entities such as KCB Bank Kenya Limited and Trust Merchant Bank (TMB), as well as non-banking arms like KCB Bancassurance Intermediary Limited, KCB Investment Bank, KCB Asset Management, KCB Foundation, and Kencom House Limited. Its services encompass traditional banking, mobile and internet banking platforms, a 24-hour contact center, and over 200 global correspondent relationships, enabling cross-border transactions and financial inclusion initiatives across the region. Over the years, the group has expanded significantly from its Kenyan origins, including the divestiture of its National Bank of Kenya subsidiary in May 2025, becoming a key player in regional economic development while maintaining a focus on innovation, sustainability, and customer-centric solutions.

Corporate Profile

Overview

KCB Group Plc is a non-operating headquartered in , , and listed on the under the ticker symbol KCB. Established in 1896 as a branch of the National Bank of in , the group has evolved into a major player in the African financial sector, overseeing subsidiaries that deliver banking, , and services across . Guided by its motto "For People. For Better," KCB Group emphasizes accessible financial solutions to support and throughout the region. As of the first half of 2025, the group reported total assets of KSh 1.97 trillion, solidifying its position as East Africa's largest by assets. It achieved a net profit of KSh 32.3 billion for the same period, reflecting an 8% year-on-year increase driven by resilient operations amid regional economic dynamics. In recognition of its commitment to sustainable practices, KCB Group was awarded Africa's best for corporate responsibility in 2025 by Euromoney, highlighting its integration of environmental, social, and governance principles into core business strategies.

Headquarters

The primary headquarters of KCB Group is located at the Kenya Plaza, commonly known as KCB Towers, situated in Nairobi's Upper Hill district along Road, off Hospital Road. This 21-story skyscraper, standing at approximately 109 meters tall, serves as the main administrative hub for the group's operations in . Construction on the building began in December 2010 and was completed in 2015, marking it as a key development in Nairobi's skyline. Architecturally, KCB Towers features a modern design emphasizing , including solar panels for energy generation and systems to promote environmental efficiency. The structure provides around 21,200 square meters of rentable across its floors, accommodating executive offices, administrative functions, a state-of-the-art banking hall, facilities, and areas. It also includes underground parking for approximately 450 vehicles, supporting the daily influx of staff and visitors. Beyond the central headquarters, KCB Group maintains an extensive network of 192 branches across , facilitating widespread access to banking services in urban and rural areas. Regional offices within further support localized operations. The KCB Foundation, dedicated to initiatives, is headquartered at Kencom House on Moi Avenue in central , an older facility that continues to house certain group functions. Strategically, KCB Towers plays a pivotal role in the group's daily operations as a central command for and service delivery, while standing as a prominent landmark in Upper Hill, Nairobi's premier financial district.

Historical Development

Origins and Early Years

The origins of KCB Group trace back to July 1896, when the National Bank of India (NBI), established in 1863 in Calcutta, opened its first branch in , Kenya, during British colonial rule. This branch, initially renting premises from local merchant Sheriff Jaffer, was established to support the burgeoning trade activities of the and the growing Indian trading community in the port city. Expansion followed rapidly amid colonial economic development. In 1904, NBI opened its first branch in , operating from a modest tin shack to serve the emerging inland trade hub, including the Indian bazaar and settler activities. By 1911, the bank had established additional branches in and , totaling eight branches across five towns by the eve of . NBI played a pivotal role in financing colonial trade, acting as the sole banker to the from 1908 by managing provident funds with guaranteed interest rates, and providing deposit and credit facilities to support East African railways construction, , and international commerce along the Europe-South Africa-India axis. The pre-nationalization era saw further evolution through mergers and operational shifts in the 1950s. In 1958, NBI's Kenyan operations merged with to form the National Overseas and Grindlays Bank Limited, emphasizing commercial lending to European settlers and emerging local businesses. This period marked a focus on upcountry expansion to include African customers by the early . Early challenges included the impacts of , which led to the closure of branches like the one in —opened during the 1929-1939 —due to wartime economic disruptions and resource constraints. Post-war pressures accelerated recovery, with the bank reaching 18 branches in 10 towns by 1948, adapting to shifting demographics and the push for African economic inclusion amid Kenya's independence movement.

Nationalization and Kenyan Growth

In July 1970, the Kenyan government acquired a 60% stake in National and Grindlays Bank (International) Limited, renaming it Kenya Commercial Bank Limited (KCB) and adopting the motto "Being closer to the people" to emphasize its commitment to serving the local population. The bank was formally inaugurated on November 12, 1970, marking a pivotal shift toward national control and integration into Kenya's post-independence economic framework. This nationalization transformed KCB into a key instrument for domestic financial development, with the government assuming majority ownership to align banking services with national priorities. The privatization process began in 1988 with an (IPO) on the (NSE), through which the government sold 20% of its shares, marking the first such privatization via the NSE. Further divestitures continued into the , including a in 2010 that reduced the government's stake to 17.31%, as part of broader efforts to enhance participation and improve the bank's efficiency. By the early , ongoing share sales had significantly diminished direct government control, allowing KCB to operate more as a commercial entity while retaining a public listing on the NSE since 1988. Under government ownership, KCB experienced substantial domestic growth in , expanding its branch network from a limited base in 1970 to a more extensive presence by the , enabling broader access to banking services in urban and rural areas. The bank introduced targeted financial products, such as sub-loans for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) starting in 1976 through partnerships like the International Finance Corporation's line of credit, and agricultural financing to support rural economies. These initiatives helped KCB play a central role in fostering economic inclusion and development within . During the 1980s, under President Daniel arap Moi's administration, KCB benefited from and contributed to economic reforms aimed at national development, including structural adjustments that emphasized efficiency and in key projects. The bank's involvement in financing and agricultural initiatives aligned with policies, evidenced by its 41.5% increase in pre-tax profits to Sh375 million in 1989 and contributions of Sh260 million in taxes and dividends, underscoring its growing impact on Kenya's economy.

Regional Expansion

KCB Group's regional expansion began in the early 2000s as part of a deliberate strategy to extend its footprint beyond , leveraging the stability of its domestic operations to tap into emerging markets across East and . The bank established its first international in in 2006, opening branches to serve cross-border trade and regional commerce. This was followed by entry into in 2006, where KCB obtained a license to operate amid the post-conflict economic recovery, establishing over 20 branches by the mid-2010s to build a customer base exceeding 138,000. Uganda marked the next phase in 2007, with KCB Bank Uganda incorporated as a tier-one , focusing on retail and corporate services to capitalize on the country's growing economy. By 2008, KCB had launched operations in with an initial branch in , laying the groundwork for deeper integration. The expansion accelerated in the 2010s with the establishment of KCB Bank Burundi in May 2012, completing the bank's presence across the (EAC) and enabling seamless regional connectivity for clients. In 2016, KCB restructured as a non-operating , KCB Group Plc, to centralize oversight of its subsidiaries in , , , , , and , facilitating coordinated growth and risk management. Key acquisitions further solidified this footprint: in 2019, KCB acquired full ownership of National Bank of Kenya (NBK), enhancing its domestic capabilities while supporting regional synergies through shared infrastructure; however, in May 2025, KCB sold NBK to . The 2021 acquisition of an 85% stake in Banque Populaire du Rwanda (BPR) from Atlas Mara and Arise B.V., followed by a merger in 2022, transformed KCB's Rwandan operations into the larger BPR Bank Plc, boosting its market position. Similarly, the 2022 completion of the Trust Merchant Bank (TMB) acquisition in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) marked entry into , leveraging TMB's established network for rapid scaling. This outward growth was driven by a pan-African vision to diversify revenue streams away from Kenya's economic volatility, including currency fluctuations and political risks, while pursuing opportunities in high-growth markets with rising demands. The strategy emphasized cross-border trade facilitation, SME lending, and to align with EAC integration goals, enabling KCB to capture a larger share of intra-African . By the first half of 2025, regional subsidiaries accounted for 33.4% of the group's profit before , underscoring their contribution to overall resilience and asset growth, with non-Kenyan units comprising 30.7% of total assets. Despite these successes, the expansion faced significant challenges, including navigating diverse regulatory environments across jurisdictions, such as obtaining approvals for acquisitions and ensuring compliance with varying capital requirements. Integration of acquired entities like BPR and TMB involved harmonizing systems, cultures, and operations, often delayed by bureaucratic hurdles and local stakeholder consultations. In newer markets like the DRC, political added layers of , while broader issues like foreign ownership caps in prospective entries, such as , highlighted ongoing adaptation needs.

Ownership and Governance

Ownership Structure

KCB Group Plc has been publicly listed on the (NSE) since 1988, following the initial privatization of a 20% government stake in the bank. As of November 2025, the company's stands at approximately KSh 210 billion, reflecting its position as one of the largest banks by on the NSE. The ownership structure features a diverse base, with significant institutional holdings. As of June 2025, the , through the National Treasury, holds the largest stake at 19.76%, represented by 635,001,947 shares. The National Social Security Fund (NSSF) follows with 10.01%, or 321,734,192 shares. Other notable institutional investors include Investment Management at 1.91% (61,429,474 shares) and , Inc. at 0.61% (19,622,003 shares), while the remaining shares are distributed among retail investors and smaller institutions, contributing to a free float of around 80%. The evolution of ownership traces back to full government control in the following , which transitioned to partial starting in 1988 with the sale of shares on the NSE. Further divestitures in the reduced , and by the , the free float exceeded 50%, enhancing broader investor participation and . KCB Group maintains regulatory compliance through adherence to ownership disclosure requirements set by the (CBK) and the NSE, including regular reporting of shareholder profiles and material changes in shareholding. This ensures transparency and alignment with the Capital Markets Authority's guidelines on .

Board of Directors

The Board of Directors of KCB Group PLC comprises 10 members as of 2025, including a mix of independent non-executive directors, executive directors, and nominees, providing supervisory oversight on the group's strategic direction, , and compliance. The board is chaired by FCS Dr. Joseph Kinyua, appointed in May 2023, who leads efforts in ensuring robust and alignment with stakeholder interests. Key members include Alice May Kirenge, an since November 2021, who chairs the Human Resources (Remuneration) Committee and Governance Committee while serving on the Audit and Nominating Committees to oversee financial reporting, , and board effectiveness. Lawrence Njiru, a director since August 2018, contributes to oversight through memberships in the Human Resources, Governance, and Nominating Committees. Ahmed Mohamud Mohamed, appointed in 2020, focuses on strategic matters as a member of the Audit, Human Resources, Governance, and Nominating Committees. The board also features Geoffrey Malombe as the government nominee from the National Treasury, appointed in November 2022, representing interests. Other notable directors include Anuja Pandit (since 2022), serving across all major committees for comprehensive strategic input, and Paul Russo, the Group CEO and an since May 2022. The board delegates specific responsibilities to standing committees, including the Audit and Risk Committee for financial integrity and internal controls, the Human Resources Committee for and , the Governance Committee for board composition and , and the Nominating Committee for director appointments and . These committees collectively ensure strategic oversight, , and mitigation of operational risks across the group's regional operations. In terms of diversity and tenure, the board maintains gender balance with three female directors—Alice May Kirenge, Anuja Pandit, and Bonnie Okumu—representing 30% women, alongside regional representation through members with East African and international expertise to support the group's multinational footprint. Average board tenure balances experience, with long-serving members like Lawrence Kiambi (since 2014) complemented by recent appointees such as William Asiko (since September 2024).

Executive Management

The executive management of KCB Group PLC comprises a team of seasoned professionals responsible for the day-to-day operations and strategic execution of the bank's objectives across its regional footprint. Led by Group Paul Russo, EBS, appointed on May 1, 2022, the team implements board-approved policies, driving initiatives in digital innovation, customer-centric services, and to enhance group performance. Russo, who brings over 25 years of experience in banking and , previously served as Group HR Director at KCB, Managing Director of National Bank of Kenya, and Regional Business Director at KCB Group, with earlier roles at , , and other institutions; his educational background includes an MBA from Strathmore University Business School, a from , and a Senior Executive Program certificate from . Under Russo's leadership, the executive team has prioritized the transformation of KCB into a leading provider, focusing on and community impact, including oversight of green finance commitments that reached KSh 53.2 billion in disbursements by 2024, targeting 25% of the loan portfolio as green assets by the end of 2025. Key members include Group Director of Finance Lawrence Kimathi Kiambi, appointed on May 1, 2015, who manages financial strategy and reporting with over 25 years of CFO experience from organizations such as East Africa Breweries Limited, BAT PLC, and AIG; Kiambi holds an MBA from , a BSc in Accounting from , and is a of . The Group , Faith Basiye, oversees frameworks to support secure expansion, while Acting Group Regional Businesses Director Cosmas Kimario coordinates operations across KCB's international subsidiaries. Other critical roles encompass Group Director of Technology Dennis Volemi, who advances digital platforms, and Group Director of Strategy and Innovation Mark Mwongela Ngungi, appointed in June 2025 to spearhead integrations and innovative solutions amid the group's push for technological agility. The executive team's performance is aligned with group profitability through incentive structures monitored against key metrics, contributing to an 8% net profit growth to KSh 32.3 billion in the first half of 2025, driven by expansion and cost efficiencies. Recent enhancements, such as the 2025 strategy role to bolster capabilities and ongoing efforts under Russo's direction—including partnerships for transformation—underscore the team's role in positioning KCB for regional in inclusive and innovative .

Business Operations

Core Services

KCB Group provides a comprehensive suite of banking products tailored to retail, corporate, and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) customers across its operations. For retail clients, the group offers savings accounts with competitive rates, personal loans for various needs, and financing for home purchases, alongside debit and cards for everyday transactions. Corporate banking services include solutions such as letters of credit and export financing, as well as project funding for large-scale and expansions. SME support encompasses tailored current accounts with no minimum balance requirements, asset-based financing, and agricultural facilities to foster growth. Digital banking forms a cornerstone of KCB Group's offerings, enabling seamless access through mobile platforms. The KCB M-PESA service, a with , allows users to save with up to 7% annual interest, access instant loans starting from KES 1,000, and perform transfers to other banks or wallets. Complementary mobile apps and internet banking facilitate balance checks, bill payments, school fee remittances, and e-statements, enhancing for over 1.2 million users. In addition to core banking, KCB Group extends non-banking services through specialized units. KCB Bancassurance provides insurance products, including life assurance options like endowment policies and funeral expense covers, as well as general insurance for health, motor, property, and travel risks. Investment management is handled via KCB Investment Bank, offering fixed deposits, treasury bills, bonds, and dual currency accounts, while asset finance supports equipment leasing and hire purchase for businesses. These services are delivered through bancassurance intermediaries and integrated platforms for one-stop financial solutions. The group emphasizes innovation in its service portfolio, particularly in sustainable finance and digital integrations. In 2024, KCB disbursed KSh 53.2 billion in loans to fund , e-mobility, and climate-resilient projects, representing a 140% increase from the previous year and comprising 21.3% of its lending portfolio, with a target of 25% green assets by 2025. integrations, such as partnerships for and API-based services, enhance product accessibility, while CSR-linked offerings tie loans to community impact initiatives like programs. These efforts screened KSh 578.3 billion in loans for environmental and social risks in 2024. As of the first half of 2025, KCB Group's revenue structure reflected a balanced mix, with interest income accounting for approximately 70% of at KSh 69.1 billion out of KSh 98.6 billion, and non-interest income contributing the remaining 30% from fees, commissions, and other services. This breakdown underscores the group's reliance on lending activities while diversifying through ancillary products.

Subsidiary Companies

KCB Group's subsidiary structure primarily consists of banking entities operating across East and Central Africa, alongside select non-banking units focused on , , and . The core banking arm, KCB Bank Kenya Ltd, serves as the largest subsidiary, holding approximately 69% of the group's total assets and operating over 200 branches nationwide, licensed by the to provide comprehensive commercial banking services including agency banking. The group's regional banking subsidiaries include KCB Bank Tanzania Ltd, which has provided full commercial banking operations since 2002 under a license from the ; KCB Bank Uganda Ltd, established in 2007 and regulated by the ; BPR Bank Rwanda Plc, acquired by KCB Group in 2021 following its initial entry into in 2013, operating as a merged entity with 73 branches, 59 ATMs, and 2,242 agents under the National Bank of Rwanda's oversight; KCB Bank Burundi Ltd, launched in 2015 and licensed by the Bank of the Republic of Burundi; KCB Bank South Sudan Ltd, commenced operations in 2017 with a license from the Bank of South Sudan; and Trust Merchant Bank SA in the Democratic Republic of Congo, acquired in 2022 and regulated by the . Non-banking subsidiaries encompass KCB Intermediary Ltd, which distributes health, motor, life, and products; KCB Ltd, offering fund management, advisory, and services; and KCB Foundation, established in 2007 as the group's arm dedicated to initiatives. These subsidiaries are generally wholly owned by KCB Group Plc, subject to local regulatory requirements that may mandate minority local shareholdings in certain jurisdictions, and collectively contributed 33.4% of the group's pre-tax profits for the first half of 2025, underscoring their role in diversified revenue generation.

International Presence

KCB Group's international operations extend across six East and Central African countries: , , , , , and the (DRC), where it provides banking services through dedicated subsidiaries. These markets represent a significant portion of the group's footprint, with international subsidiaries accounting for 31.4% of the overall and contributing 33.4% of profit before as of the first half of 2025. The regional branch network totals over 455 locations, with more than 150 dedicated to international operations, enabling access to over 32 million customers across the group's markets. In , KCB Bank Tanzania Limited operates a network of 12 branches, emphasizing to facilitate cross-border commerce and support within the . Uganda's KCB Bank Uganda Limited maintains 15 branches, with a strong focus on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through targeted lending programs, business clinics, and initiatives to foster local . In , following the 2022 merger with Banque Populaire du Rwanda (BPR), the resulting BPR Bank Rwanda Plc oversees 73 branches and operates under the oversight of the National Bank of Rwanda, adapting to local regulatory requirements while prioritizing inclusive banking for rural and urban clients. Burundi's KCB Bank Burundi Limited features a modest network of 3 branches, centered in key urban areas to serve trade and remittance needs amid the country's developing economy. In South Sudan, KCB Bank South Sudan Limited runs 20 branches, targeting essential services in a challenging environment marked by infrastructure limitations. The group's presence in the DRC is managed through Trust Merchant Bank (TMB), which has over 100 branches across 20 provinces but temporarily closed 15 branches in early 2025 due to regional security concerns, focusing on expanding financial inclusion in one of Africa's largest economies. Nairobi serves as the strategic regional headquarters, coordinating cross-border initiatives and ensuring compliance with diverse local regulations, such as those enforced by the National Bank of Rwanda for BPR operations. International assets and lending activities demonstrated resilience in H1 2025, with the group's overall loan portfolio growing 12% year-over-year (excluding divestitures), propelled by demand for cross-border and sustainable lending products like green loans totaling KShs 26.9 billion issued in select markets.

References

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