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Kemsing
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Kemsing is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks district of Kent, England. The parish lies on the scarp face of the North Downs, 20 miles south east of Central London and 4 miles (6 km) north east of Sevenoaks. Also in the parish there are the hamlets of Heaverham, 1 mile (2 km) to the east and Noah's Ark 0.5 miles (1 km) to the south. The population of the civil parish in 2001 was 4,014 persons, increasing to a population of 4,218 at the 2011 Census.[2]
Key Information
History
[edit]Kemsing was the birthplace of Saint Edith of Wilton, a daughter of the Anglo-Saxon King Edgar I between 961 and 964. The well at the centre of the village is dedicated to her, a plaque on the wall recording the local legend that her saintly presence has given the water healing properties.[3] The parish church, Saxon in origin, is dedicated to St Mary the Virgin. Another local legend states that the knights who murdered Archbishop Thomas Becket rode through Kemsing on their way to seek him out at Canterbury. Following his canonisation, Kemsing became a stop-off place on the Pilgrims' Way, along which pilgrims travelled to visit the saint's shrine at Canterbury Cathedral.[citation needed]
The lordship of Kemsing had a long royal and noble association: it was held by King Henry II who passed it to Baldwin of Béthune, the Earl of Albemarle. It was acquired by the Earl of Pembroke by his marriage to Lady Alice, Baldwin's daughter. The manor passed later to the de Grandison and Fynes families, becoming part of the estates of Baron Saye and Sele. In the reign of Edward IV, Kemsing was sold to Sir Geoffry Boleyn, father of the future queen Anne Boleyn, and later reverted to the crown. Briefly in possession of Anne of Cleves, it was then granted by Elizabeth I to Sir Henry Carey and eventually acquired by the Duke of Dorset.[3]
The historic village centre area around the well includes the war memorial of 1921 (Grade II listed[4] by the architect Godfrey Pinkerton), a cluster of picturesque cottages and St. Edith's Hall, built in 1911 (Grade II listed[5] by the architect Godfrey Pinkerton). Its front is adorned with a statue of the saint and a clock which chimes the hours and bears the inscription "'Tis mine / Each passing hour to tell. / 'Tis thine / To use it ill or well." In 2011, well dressing was introduced to the village and the 2014 well dressing commemorates World War I.
The Women's Institute organisation opened its first institute in Kent in Kemsing in December 1915. During the first world war St Edith Hall was used as a hospital and staffed by the Kent Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD). Wounded soldiers from the western front were returned to England, and the hall at Kemsing was used by the VAD during the war.[6]
Geography
[edit]The main roads in the village are High Street, St Edith's Road, West End, Dynes Road and Childsbridge Lane. Kemsing railway station is a mile to the south-east. The M26 motorway passes through the parish. Between the motorway and the station lies the area of Kemsing known as Noah's Ark. [citation needed] The village contains one grade I, three grade II* and 31 grade II listed buildings recorded in the National Heritage List for England.[7][8]
High Street was the location of two public houses, The Bell and The Wheatsheaf, sited directly opposite each other. On 3 June 2011 The Wheatsheaf suffered a serious fire,[9] leaving The Bell as the only public house in the village. The Wheatsheaf was demolished in October 2012 to make way for three private dwellings.[citation needed] Further to the east at Heaverham is the Chequers.[10]
Kemsing is in the Kent Downs, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The North Downs Way runs north of the village along the ridge of the Downs; it crosses the chalk grassland of Kemsing Down nature reserve, managed by Kent Wildlife Trust.[11]
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Kemsing from the North Downs
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Clock at St Edith's Hall
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Well Dressing, 2014
Church of St Mary the Virgin
[edit]The Church of England parish church of St Mary the Virgin likely dates back to Saxon times. [12] The first time that Kemsing is mentioned is in a Canterbury diocese document of 822. [12] The south wall of the nave was dated by an archaeological survey to late Saxon. [12] A tall lancet window in the South Wall may be the earliest in the church. It contains the Madonna roundel (1220), an early piece of glasswork. [12]
The altar frontals change with the church seasons. The oldest are by the Sisters of Bethany (1888). Two were by Comper. The reredos was designed by Comper and portrays the Annunciation, Nativity, Crucifixion, Burial and Resurrection.[citation needed]
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The nave. The lower part of the rood screen is fifteenth century, the upper part is by Unsworth (1894).The pews were made on the St Clare estate using local oaks. [12]
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Detail of the rood screen. The beam carrying the rood cross and figures are by Ninian Comper (1908). Note the beardless Jesus.
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Stain glass window of Saint Edith and the glass (Powell and Co) is 1893.
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The altar and reredos
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The Madonna Roundel (about 1220)
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The chancel from the rood screen. The sanctuary and chancel are by Ninian Comper in the early 20th Century.
Sports facilities
[edit]To the east of the village is the large open space known as The Common Field, used for cricket and football, and the Sir Mark Collet Sports Pavilion, with tennis and squash courts.[citation needed]
The cricket club has been in existence probably since the early 20th century, though no records can be found to establish a firm date. Matches were played in the cricketing field, close to the current site before World War I. The Common Field was given to the parish in October 1923 by Sir Mark Collet, with football and cricket being played there after that. The cricketers used other parts of the village between 1945 and the late 1950s, but the new (current) pavilion was built in 1987, with a new square also being laid, which has been used since that time. There is also a boxing club that operates and participates in local boxing events.[citation needed]
Crime prevention
[edit]Kemsing has its own police community support officer and officers as well as being covered by regular police patrols. Neighbourhood officers hold frequent consultations with residents and Kent police.[13] Crime in the Kemsing area fell by 31 percent in the period 2010-2011.[14]
References
[edit]- ^ "Kemsing CP". Neighbourhood Statistics. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2007.
- ^ a b "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
- ^ a b "Parishes: Kemsing Pages 32-50 The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 3. (1797)". British History Online. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
- ^ Historic England. "Kemsing War Memorial (1430666)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ Historic England. "The St Edith's Hall (1273471)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ VAD Hospital Archived 18 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Historic England search link for listed buildings in Kemsing". Search the National Heritage List for England. Historic England. Retrieved 31 January 2026.
- ^ "Listed Building Points". National Heritage List for England, NHLE. Historic England. 15 January 2026. Retrieved 31 January 2026.
- ^ "BBC News - Wheatsheaf pub blaze at Kemsing". bbc.co.uk. 3 June 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
- ^ Chequers
- ^ "Kemsing Down". Kent Wildlife Trust. Retrieved 11 February 2026.
- ^ a b c d e Guide to St Mary the Virgin, Kemsing. Published the Parochial Church Council of St Mary's Church, Kemsing and the Kemsing Heritage Centre Association. Printed by Highland Printers, Seal, Kent. Available in the Church. 21st Century, date not supplied. No ISBN
- ^ Kent Police Archived 14 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ http://maps.police.uk/view/?q=Kemsing&url=kent%2Fwest-kent%2Fsevenoaks%2Fkemsing%2F[permanent dead link]
Further reading
[edit]- The Story of Kemsing in Kent V.E.Bowden, 1994, Kemsing Historical and Art Society, ISBN 0-9504703-2-5
- Guide to St Mary the Virgin, Kemsing, Parochial Church Council of St Mary's Church, Kemsing and the Kemsing Heritage Centre Association, year not specified.
External links
[edit]Kemsing
View on GrokipediaGeography and Demographics
Location and Topography
Kemsing is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks district of Kent, England, positioned approximately 20 miles southeast of Central London and 3 miles north of the town of Sevenoaks.[8] The civil parish encompasses an area of 8.944 km² and includes the hamlets of Childsbridge and Noah's Ark, along with sections of the historic Pilgrims' Way, an ancient trackway that traverses the North Downs.[9][10][11] The village is situated on the scarp face of the North Downs, a prominent ridge of chalk hills designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, where elevations rise notably to Kemsing Down, reaching an average height of around 139 meters above sea level.[8][12] The nearby River Darent contributes to the local hydrology, flowing through the Darent Valley to the south and influencing the landscape's spring-line settlements at the base of the downs.[13] Geologically, Kemsing features characteristic chalk downland formations, supporting areas of chalk grassland on south-facing slopes, alongside ancient and secondary woodlands that enhance the area's biodiversity.[1][14] The parish lies within the Metropolitan Green Belt, which helps preserve its rural character and limits urban expansion from London.[1]Population and Demographics
According to the 2001 census, the population of Kemsing parish stood at 4,014 residents.[9] By the 2011 census, this had increased to 4,218, reflecting modest growth in the rural area.[9] The 2021 census recorded a further rise to 4,324 residents, with an annual growth rate of 0.25% between 2011 and 2021.[2] This equates to a population density of 483.5 people per square kilometer in 2021, based on the parish's area of approximately 8.94 km².[9] Demographic characteristics indicate a predominantly White British population, with 95% of residents identifying as White in the 2021 census, including the vast majority as White British given that 92.1% were born in the UK.[9] Other ethnic groups were minimal: Asian (1.7%), mixed/multiple (2.6%), Black (0.4%), and other (0.3%).[9] The age structure shows 23.1% under 18 years, 53.9% aged 18-64, and 22.9% aged 65 and over, highlighting a relatively aging profile typical of rural Kent where older residents form a larger proportion than the national average of 18.4% for those 65+.[9] Household data from the 2021 census reveals high homeownership, with 81.6% of households owning their homes outright or with a mortgage, 10.2% in social rented accommodation, and 8.2% in private rented or rent-free properties.[15] The average household size in the broader Sevenoaks district, encompassing Kemsing, was 2.46 persons, slightly above the England and Wales average of 2.4, with common structures including couples (with and without dependent children) and single-person households among older adults.[16] This composition supports a stable, family-oriented community, influenced by Kemsing's proximity to London commuting routes.[17]History
Early and Medieval History
Archaeological evidence indicates prehistoric activity in the vicinity of Kemsing, part of the Darent Valley, with Neolithic axes discovered in the area, suggesting early human settlement and tool use during the late Stone Age.[18] Bronze Age remains, including potential field systems and environmental indicators of ancient agriculture, have also been identified nearby, pointing to continued occupation and land management in the region during the early metalworking period.[19] The Roman period brought more substantial settlement to Kemsing and the surrounding Darent Valley, where up to thirteen sites, including villas and rural habitations, flourished between the 2nd and 4th centuries AD.[20] Excavations near Kemsing's church hall have uncovered traces of a late Roman settlement dating to the 4th century AD, featuring pottery, building materials, and possible high-status structures along the river, reflecting the valley's role in Roman agricultural and economic networks.[21] Kemsing's Saxon origins trace to the early medieval period, with the settlement first documented in AD 822 as Cymesing, meaning "the place of a man named Cymesa," in a Canterbury diocese record.[3] This name reflects its establishment by Saxon and Jutish settlers in the Weald of Kent, drawn to the area's natural chalk springs and fertile lands following the decline of Roman influence.[3] During the medieval era, Kemsing gained prominence as the birthplace of Saint Edith of Wilton (c. 961–984), the illegitimate daughter of King Edgar I of England and Wulfthryth, who later became a revered nun and abbess at Wilton Abbey.[22] Edith's early life in Kemsing, where she was educated in a local convent, contributed to the village's spiritual significance, with her miracles—such as healing eye afflictions—fostering devotion that persisted after her death at age 23.[23] The village's location along the ancient Pilgrims' Way, a key route from Winchester to Canterbury Cathedral, made it a vital stop-off for medieval travelers en route to the shrine of Thomas Becket, enhancing its role as a resting and resupply point.[1] Kemsing functioned as a former market town, with a charter granted in 1218 establishing regular markets after the manor returned to local control in the 13th century.[1] Remnants of a lost medieval castle, known as Kemsing Castle Bank, survive as a sub-circular earthwork platform approximately 40 meters in diameter, likely the site of a probable 11th- or 12th-century timber fortification, possibly an unauthorized "adulterine" castle or thegn's burh amid the manorial shifts of the Norman period.[24] The lordship of Kemsing held royal associations, granted by King Henry II (r. 1154–1189) to Baldwin of Béthune, Earl of Albemarle, as part of broader feudal arrangements in Kent.[25] St. Edith's Well emerged as a key pilgrimage site in the medieval period, hallowed by the saint's presence and reputed for its healing properties, particularly for eye diseases, drawing devotees to processions and rituals that honored her legacy well into the late Middle Ages.[23] Later connections extended to the Tudor era, with the nearby estate of St. Clere serving as the home of Thomas Boleyn, father of Anne Boleyn, linking Kemsing to the courtly circles of Henry VIII.[26]Modern and Recent History
During the 16th and 17th centuries, Kemsing experienced challenges stemming from religious upheavals and political instability, which contributed to a period of economic difficulty following the relative prosperity of the medieval era.[3] The village's market, granted in 1218, gradually declined in significance as broader shifts in trade patterns affected rural Kentish settlements, leading to a more subdued agricultural focus by the 18th century.[25] Agricultural practices evolved with the wider English enclosure movement, which consolidated common lands into private fields to boost efficiency, though specific enclosures in Kemsing were part of the gradual rural transformations seen across the Weald.[27] By the 19th century, the village remained predominantly agrarian, with surviving timber-framed houses like Rose Cottage and The Box House attesting to a stable, if unremarkable, rural economy.[1] The arrival of the railway marked a pivotal infrastructural shift in 1874, when Kemsing station opened as part of the Sevenoaks, Maidstone & Tunbridge Railway's branch line from Otford to Maidstone, facilitating easier access to markets and spurring modest residential growth along the High Street.[28] This development integrated Kemsing more closely with regional networks, though the village retained its rural character into the early 20th century. In the 20th century, Kemsing was profoundly affected by the World Wars, with local residents serving and perishing in both conflicts; the war memorial, erected in 1921 and designed by Godfrey Pinkerton, commemorates 20 First World War dead and later additions for 21 Second World War casualties, standing as a Grade II listed testament to the village's sacrifices.[29] The interwar period saw cultural and communal advancements, including the construction of St Edith's Hall in 1911, also Grade II listed and built by Pinkerton, which served as a multifunctional community space with its distinctive statue and clock facade.[30] Post-1945, the village underwent significant expansion through housing estates along St Edith's Road, West End, The Landway, and Pilgrim's Way, effectively merging it with neighboring Otford and accommodating population influxes driven by suburbanization.[1] The M26 motorway's completion in 1980, just 600 meters south, further altered local connectivity but also introduced barriers to southern expansion.[1] In recent decades, Kemsing has embraced cultural revitalization, notably introducing well dressing in 2011 as part of the village festival, a tradition inspired by Derbyshire customs to honor St Edith's Well at the community's heart.[31] Population growth has been steady, rising from 4,014 in 2001 to 4,218 in 2011 and reaching 4,326 by 2021, reflecting broader trends in the Sevenoaks district amid housing pressures.[9] Twenty-first-century developments have centered on planning debates over sustainable growth, including the 2018 proposal for up to 300 homes near Kemsing station submitted by the St Clere Estate.[32] As of 2025, the Sevenoaks Local Plan is in Regulation 18 consultation (October-December 2025), proposing 17,175 new homes district-wide through 2040 to meet increased targets, with potential allocations in Kemsing and ongoing consultations for additional affordable housing.[33][34] In December 2024, a parish housing needs survey was conducted to assess local affordable housing requirements, and as of 2025, planning applications for small developments, including 7 dwellings on Dynes Road, are under review.[15][35]Governance and Economy
Local Government
Kemsing functions as a civil parish within the Sevenoaks non-metropolitan district and Kent County, with the Kemsing Parish Council serving as the primary local authority responsible for grassroots governance. The council comprises eight elected councillors, all residents of the parish, who are chosen through uncontested elections or polls held every four years, as seen in the 2023 parish elections where multiple members were elected without opposition.[36] These meetings occur monthly and are open to the public, allowing residents to observe discussions on parish matters and participate during designated comment periods.[37] The Parish Council's core functions encompass consulting on planning applications submitted to Sevenoaks District Council, where it provides recommendations to safeguard local character and amenities, such as reviewing proposals for residential extensions and demolitions.[38] It also maintains key community assets, including the war memorial in the village center—requiring periodic repointing and gate repairs—and the Kemsing Down Nature Reserve, comprising woodland and chalk grassland managed through a dedicated committee in collaboration with volunteers.[39][40] In terms of community organizations, the council promotes resident involvement by supporting volunteer-led initiatives and groups focused on local welfare, such as grants to charities and not-for-profit entities that enhance parish life.[41] The council also backs broader volunteer efforts, including those at St. Edith Hall for community events and the management of public spaces. On policy fronts, the Parish Council actively advocates for Green Belt protections, opposing developments that could encroach on designated open land within the parish, much of which overlaps with the Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.[42] It endorses conservation measures through the updated Kemsing Conservation Area Appraisal, adopted in 2023 by Sevenoaks District Council, which focuses on preserving the historic core around St. Edith's Well and the war memorial while excluding post-1945 estates to the west and south that represent later suburban growth.[1] These policies emphasize maintaining the rural setting and architectural heritage amid planning pressures.Economy and Employment
Kemsing functions primarily as a residential commuter village, with its economy centered on small-scale local services, agriculture, and a high dependence on employment opportunities outside the parish. The village's location within the Green Belt limits large-scale commercial or industrial development, fostering a reliance on nearby towns like Sevenoaks and London for work. According to the 2021 Census, the Sevenoaks district, which encompasses Kemsing, exhibits strong employment in professional and managerial roles, reflecting the area's appeal to affluent commuters.[43] Employment in Kemsing draws from a mix of sectors, with census data indicating a predominance of professional services and white-collar occupations. In the Sevenoaks district, 33.4% of employed residents aged 16 and over held professional occupations, while 9.2% were managers, directors, or senior officials, underscoring a skilled workforce often serving London's financial and technical industries. Locally, agriculture remains a traditional pillar, leveraging the fertile soils of the North Downs for crop cultivation such as cereals, though it now supports only a small fraction of jobs amid broader diversification into leisure farming. Small businesses dominate the village economy, including retail outlets, tearooms, and hospitality venues like The Bell pub and The Rising Sun, which provide essential services and casual employment for residents.[43][3][44][45] Commuting patterns highlight Kemsing's role as a dormitory settlement, with excellent connectivity via Kemsing railway station offering direct services to London Victoria and the M26 motorway facilitating road travel to the capital. The 2021 Census for Sevenoaks reveals a significant shift post-2020, with 42.2% of employed residents working mainly from home, up sharply due to remote work trends following the COVID-19 pandemic, while 41.2% drove and 5.4% used trains—many destined for London. This high outflow for employment eases pressure on village infrastructure but reinforces economic ties to external hubs.[46][47] Key challenges include a scarcity of local job opportunities, constrained by Green Belt protections that prioritize environmental preservation over expansion, leading to underemployment for those seeking non-commute roles. Housing affordability exacerbates this, with Sevenoaks' median house prices far exceeding local wages, pricing out younger workers and contributing to an aging demographic reliant on pensions or remote professional income.[48][49]| Key Employment Sectors in Sevenoaks District (2021 Census) | Proportion of Employed Residents |
|---|---|
| Professional occupations | 33.4% |
| Managers, directors, and senior officials | 9.2% |
| Associate professional and technical occupations | 12.6% |
