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Vice (TV series)
Vice (TV series)
Vice (TV series)
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Vice
Title card from seasons 1–3
GenreDocumentary
Created byShane Smith
Based onVice Media
StarringShane Smith, Gideon Yago, Thomas Morton, Jake Hanrahan, Isobel Yeung, Ben Anderson
Theme music composerNick Zinner, Ben Vida & Hisham Bharoocha
Opening themeDoomed
Country of originUnited States
Original languageEnglish
No. of seasons10
No. of episodes164 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producers
Production locationsSyria, Afghanistan, North Korea, Iraq, Nigeria, Ukraine, Venezuela, Brazil, Myanmar, Mexico, South Sudan, Los Angeles, New York (HQ)
EditorDanny Gabai
Running time27–43 minutes
Production companies
Budget$13.2 million
Original release
NetworkHBO (seasons 1–6)
Showtime (season 7–10)
ReleaseApril 5, 2013 (2013-04-05) –
June 25, 2023 (2023-06-25)

Vice (stylised as VICE) is a documentary television series created and hosted by Shane Smith of Vice magazine. It covers topics using an immersionist style of documentary filmmaking on Showtime. It premiered on April 5, 2013, on HBO. The show's second season aired in 2014 and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Informational Series or Special.[1]

The show originally was executive-produced by Bill Maher, Shane Smith, and Eddy Moretti, and CNN journalist Fareed Zakaria was credited as a consultant.[2][3] On May 7, 2014, HBO renewed the series for two more seasons. The 14-episode third season began March 6, 2015, one week after the hour-long "Killing Cancer" aired on February 27. Vice's sixth season aired on April 6, 2018.[4] On March 25, 2015, HBO announced Vice's renewal through Season 7.[5]

The show's cancellation was announced on February 1, 2019, making the sixth season its last season on HBO.[6] However, on September 24, the series was picked up by Showtime and resumed on March 29, 2020.[7] On July 30, 2020, the series was renewed for an eighth season that premiered on March 7, 2021.[8][9] On February 7, 2022, the series was renewed by for its ninth and tenth season.[10] In July 2023, the series was removed from the Showtime streaming app, with Vice News shopping it to other outlets.[11]

Synopsis

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The show follows Vice journalists and founders, Shane Smith and Suroosh Alvi with segment hosts Ryan Duffy and Thomas Morton as they went to different parts of the world. They interviewed people on political and cultural topics. Subjects included political assassinations, young weapons manufacturers, child suicide bombers, Indian and Pakistani border politics, the Chinese one-child policy, climate change, and bonded laborers in Pakistan's brick kilns, featuring the work of human and labor rights activist Syeda Ghulam Fatima.

Correspondents

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Release

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The first episode aired on HBO on April 5, 2013, and was available for free via YouTube.[24] The series is the first televised program for VICE, featuring Vice staff as correspondents. Politics, culture, and drugs are the main focuses of the Vice series.

Reception

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Critical response

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The show has received both positive and negative reviews because of its unique, provocative presentation and style. Some compare it to a gonzo type of journalism.[25][26] Maureen Ryan of The Huffington Post wrote a negative review of the show, due to its presentation.[27] Rolling Stone magazine has written that: "It feels a little like your buddy from the bar just happened to be wandering through eastern Afghanistan with a camera crew."[28] In June 2013, the show was covered extensively in mainstream media for documenting a basketball game with North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un. Vice correspondents have filmed from the inside of crack-cooking kitchens in Atlanta to Haitian secret societies in talk of zombie powder.[29]

Vice News Tonight

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Main article: Vice News Tonight

Vice News Tonight is a nightly news program that debuted on October 10, 2016, on HBO, marking a significant expansion of Vice Media's news coverage. This spin-off was designed to offer a more concentrated news format, focusing on delivering updates and analysis of current events. [citation needed] The program featured a mix of hard news, investigative pieces, and special reports.[citation needed] In 2020, Vice News Tonight underwent a relaunch and was reintroduced on the Vice cable network. This transition was part of Vice Media’s strategy to adapt to changing media consumption trends and maintain its presence in the competitive news landscape.[citation needed] The shift from HBO to the Vice cable network represented a strategic move to leverage Vice Media’s existing resources and audience reach.[citation needed] The program retained its core focus on in-depth reporting and investigative journalism, now with an updated format to fit the new platform.[citation needed]

Series overview

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Main article: List of Vice episodes
SeasonEpisodesOriginally released
First releasedLast releasedNetwork
110April 5, 2013 (2013-04-05)June 14, 2013 (2013-06-14)HBO
212March 14, 2014 (2014-03-14)June 13, 2014 (2014-06-13)
314March 6, 2015 (2015-03-06)June 26, 2015 (2015-06-26)
418February 5, 2016 (2016-02-05)July 1, 2016 (2016-07-01)
529February 24, 2017 (2017-02-24)October 13, 2017 (2017-10-13)
630April 6, 2018 (2018-04-06)December 14, 2018 (2018-12-14)
713March 29, 2020 (2020-03-29)June 21, 2020 (2020-06-21)Showtime
815March 7, 2021 (2021-03-07)December 26, 2021 (2021-12-26)
916May 1, 2022 (2022-05-01)September 18, 2022 (2022-09-18)
107May 7, 2023 (2023-05-07)June 25, 2023 (2023-06-25)

Pulled episode

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It was reported in June 2023 that Showtime pulled an episode of the series originally scheduled to air on May 28, 2023. The episode, "The Gitmo Candidate & Chipping Away", was scheduled to air four days after Ron DeSantis officially announced he was entering the 2024 Presidential race. In the scrubbed promo for the episode, it described Seb Walker investigating claims that DeSantis witnessed acts condemned by the United Nations as torture during his time as a JAG officer in the Navy at Guantanamo Bay.[30][31][32][33][34][35]

See also

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References

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[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Vice (TV series)

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
is an American documentary television series produced by that premiered on on April 5, 2013, and originally ran for six seasons until 2019, employing an immersionist style of to explore global conflicts, subcultures, and political issues through on-the-ground reporting by young correspondents. The series later continued on Showtime starting March 29, 2020, but was removed from the platform and Paramount+ in 2023 amid Vice Media's financial restructuring, with no subsequent broadcast home confirmed as of 2025. Notable for its raw, unfiltered aesthetic and focus on underreported stories, Vice garnered critical acclaim including a 2014 Emmy Award for Outstanding Informational Series or Special for its second season, alongside multiple nominations for innovative programming. However, it has faced criticism for prioritizing over rigor, embedding a left-skewing ideological perspective in story selection and framing—consistent with Vice Media's broader reputation for progressive bias—and contributing to perceptions of journalistic superficiality in pursuit of viral appeal.

Development and Production History

Origins in Vice Media

Vice Media originated in 1994 as Voice of Montreal, a free launched in , , by Shane Smith, Suroosh Alvi, and Gavin McInnes, focusing on underground , subcultures, drugs, and through a raw, irreverent lens akin to . By the early 2000s, after rebranding to Vice and relocating its headquarters to in 1999, the publication had expanded internationally, building a global brand that emphasized experiential immersion in vice industries and marginalized scenes over conventional reporting standards, often prioritizing provocative narratives and shock value to engage a young audience. This foundation in print evolved into digital video content with the launch of VBS.TV in early 2007, an online network developed in partnership with , featuring short-form documentaries on war zones, illicit economies, and extreme subcultures that showcased Vice's signature immersionist approach—embedding reporters without heavy reliance on detached verification. These videos, which amassed millions of views by highlighting unfiltered, firsthand encounters, drew HBO's attention for their edgy, non-traditional appeal, contrasting with sanitized mainstream news. By 2012, Vice co-founder Shane Smith spearheaded the adaptation of this model to linear television, announcing a partnership with in June to produce a news-magazine series under the banner, explicitly favoring experiential storytelling from embeds in high-risk environments over rigorous, multi-sourced , as evidenced by early online content that often relied on singular, unverified perspectives for narrative impact. This shift reflected 's core causal dynamic: leveraging gonzo-style to disrupt conventional , though critics noted it sometimes sacrificed empirical precision for audience-captivating drama.

HBO Partnership and Launch (2013)

In May 2012, HBO announced development of a newsmagazine series in partnership with , enlisting consultants including and to shape its format. The deal enabled , known for its raw, youth-oriented digital content, to produce televised documentaries with HBO funding substantial on-location reporting in conflict zones such as and . Shane Smith, Vice's co-founder, served as creator, host, and executive producer, introducing segments with on-camera narration to frame the immersionist field reports. The series premiered on April 5, 2013, at 11 p.m. ET/PT, with its debut episode covering child soldiers in the and political assassinations in . Originally slated for a limited run, HBO expanded Season 1 to 10 episodes following strong early reception, a pattern that continued with later seasons growing to 14–16 installments annually. The linear premiere drew approximately 522,000 viewers, rising 78% to 931,000 for the second episode, while cross-platform metrics averaged 2 million viewers per episode including DVR and on-demand. This launch aligned with HBO's strategy to counter cable news saturation by offering differentiated, edgy programming targeted at disillusioned with polished network coverage. —rooted in unfiltered access to underrepresented global stories—filled a niche for visceral , securing a swift Season 2 renewal in June 2013.

Evolution Through Seasons (2013–2019)

The first season of , which premiered on on April 29, 2013, consisted of eight s emphasizing high-risk immersionist reporting on international conflicts and illicit economies, including segments on strongholds and heroin production along the Afghanistan-Iran border near . This focused approach on underreported dangers in war zones and drug trades distinguished the series from conventional news formats, prompting to renew it for a second season later that year, which extended into with an increased episode count to accommodate growing production capacity. The expansion reflected Vice Media's rising profile, enabling deeper field access but maintaining the core emphasis on firsthand, unpolished encounters in volatile regions. Seasons 3 through 5 (2015–2018) marked a scaling of production, with episode totals rising to 18 in Season 3 and 19 by Season 4, alongside HBO's multi-year renewal through 2018 announced in March 2015. This growth incorporated broader thematic breadth, particularly intensified coverage of political phenomena such as U.S. presidential elections and rising global , as budgets swelled following Emmy recognitions for informational series excellence in 2015 and subsequent years. The added resources facilitated larger crews and diverse correspondents, yet the imperative to fill extended seasons introduced patterns of recurring motifs—raw embeds yielding to more templated narratives—wherein initial purity of ad-hoc risk-taking yielded to systematic output demands, as larger operations prioritized volume over singular intensity. Season 6 in 2019 represented the culmination of HBO's partnership amid Vice Media's escalating financial pressures, including partner write-downs exceeding $500 million from entities like in the prior year. With episode production strained by these constraints, the content pivoted toward U.S.-centric crises like the and socioeconomic disparities, mirroring Vice's broader contraction from global adventurism to proximate, resource-feasible domestic . This shift underscored how unchecked expansion had stretched operational limits, compelling a retreat from expansive international pursuits to sustainable, localized investigations.

Production Challenges and Internal Issues

The immersionist approach of Vice necessitated frequent high-risk embeds in conflict zones, presenting logistical hurdles such as securing access, managing security protocols, and mitigating threats to personnel. Correspondents covered volatile areas like , where Vice teams documented ISIS-held territories and regime offensives, often requiring rapid evacuations amid airstrikes and ground combat. Similarly, segments on exposed crews to frontline perils during the 2014-2015 escalation, including risks of detention by separatist forces, as experienced by Vice reporter who was briefly kidnapped while reporting on the conflict. These operations strained resources, with the reliance on freelancers amplifying costs for insurance, local fixers, and emergency extractions in unpredictable environments. Internal dysfunction at further complicated production continuity. In December 2017, investigations revealed the company had reached settlements with four female employees over claims of and , implicating senior executives in a pervasive "boys' club" culture that executives themselves acknowledged had failed to ensure a safe workplace. This prompted leadership shakeups, including Shane Smith's reduced role, and accelerated talent attrition among key producers and correspondents, disrupting episode scripting and post-production timelines for the HBO series. Organizational expansions and cost pressures exacerbated these issues. As Vice shifted from its Montreal origins and Brooklyn headquarters to a sprawling global footprint with offices in over 30 locations, coordination across time zones and teams grew cumbersome, particularly for time-sensitive field shoots. Layoff waves, including targeted cuts in 2018 amid revenue stagnation and a broader 10% staff reduction of about 250 employees in February 2019, hit editorial and production units hardest, delaying Vice episodes and contributing to HBO's decision to end the partnership after the 2019 season. The freelance-dependent model, while enabling agile embeds, fostered budget volatility through inconsistent vendor payments and overtime in high-cost zones, ultimately undermining output quality as experienced staff were sidelined.

Format and Style

Immersionist Documentary Approach

Vice's immersionist documentary approach centers on journalists embedding directly with subjects in volatile settings, such as armed militants or underground networks, to generate firsthand, experiential narratives that prioritize unprecedented access over conventional detachment. This methodology enables raw, on-the-ground footage capturing immediate realities, as seen in reports from child soldier camps or defector routes, where reporters integrate into the environment to document events unfiltered by intermediaries. The style echoes by incorporating the reporter's role into the story, fostering empirical strengths through direct observation that yields vivid, causal insights into localized dynamics, such as policy impacts on communities. However, it exhibits weaknesses in verification, often relying on unconfirmed accounts without rigorous , which can propagate biases or incomplete data and undermine causal accuracy by sidelining broader like statistical counterpoints or alternative explanatory factors. Distinguishing it from traditional hour-long documentaries, Vice's 25- to 30-minute episodes constrain depth for speed, favoring unedited clips and immersive thrills over polished scrutiny, which amplifies visual immediacy but limits systematic analysis of systemic causes versus anecdotal immediacy.

Episode Structure and Topics

Each episode of Vice follows a dual-segment format, presenting two distinct stories within a 30-minute runtime, with each segment typically running 12 to 15 minutes. This allows for concise, self-contained investigations, often pairing an international report—such as coverage of war zones, narcotics trafficking, or —with a domestic U.S.-focused piece on subcultures, inequality, or social fringes. Early seasons emphasized global hotspots, including segments on ISIS operations in 2014 and the international drug trade, reflecting Vice's immersionist access to conflict areas via on-site interviews with locals and participants rather than studio-based expert commentary. Post-2016, thematic patterns shifted toward increased domestic political coverage, such as U.S. trade policy under the Trump administration and inequality, alongside persistent international extremism reports, while maintaining minimal incorporation of countervailing institutional perspectives. This evolution aligned with broader U.S. political turbulence, prioritizing firsthand accounts over balanced sourcing from academia or government officials.

Visual and Narrative Techniques

Vice employed handheld cinematography with compact cameras such as the Canon C300 to capture footage in high-risk environments, enabling correspondents to immerse themselves directly in the action and convey a sense of immediacy and unscripted realism that contrasted with the stabilized, studio-polished visuals of traditional outlets like . This run-and-gun approach prioritized raw, on-the-ground perspectives over controlled setups, often featuring shaky framing and minimal stabilization to mimic eyewitness accounts, though it risked prioritizing visceral impact over precise documentation. were frequently overlaid on ambient or accented audio to preserve unfiltered subject voices without intrusive or smoothing, fostering an illusion of direct access to events while allowing for selective emphasis on chaotic elements. Narratively, Vice utilized a sarcastic, voice delivered through young correspondents' on-camera and voice-overs, blending hipster detachment with urgent commentary to dissect the causal underpinnings of global disorder—such as conflicts or institutional failures—but frequently amplifying dramatic tension for , as evidenced by ironic framing of atrocities that critics argued veered into stylistic rather than detached . This youthful tone, rooted in Vice Media's countercultural origins, sought to humanize complex "why" questions through personal embeds, yet empirical reviews highlight instances where narrative choices foregrounded sensational reveals over rigorous causal chains, potentially distorting viewer priors toward emotional response. Episodes maintained tight pacing via rapid cuts between field footage and explanatory graphics, earning recognition for technical execution, including a 2014 Creative Arts Emmy win for Outstanding Informational Series that encompassed innovative editing practices. Sound design incorporated hip-hop and electronic music cues to heighten urgency and cultural resonance, syncing bass-heavy tracks with sequences of urban unrest or technological disruption to underscore thematic immediacy, though this stylistic layer sometimes overlaid interpretive bias onto empirical footage, prioritizing rhythmic propulsion over neutral observation. Such techniques collectively aimed at truth-seeking through unvarnished immersion but invited for causal shortcuts, as unedited rawness could conflate authenticity with unchecked in pursuit of viewer retention.

Key Personnel

Founding Host: Shane Smith

Shane Smith, a Canadian media executive born on September 28, 1969, co-founded in 1994 as an alternative punk zine in alongside and , initially focusing on countercultural content targeted at youth audiences. As Vice evolved into a global media company, Smith became its public face and CEO, leveraging his entrepreneurial background to expand into video and television production. He served as the primary host for the HBO series Vice during its first four seasons, from the premiere on April 5, 2013, through 2017, appearing in dozens of episodes to deliver on-camera segments. Smith's hosting contributions included introductory monologues and occasional field reporting that reflected Vice's signature immersionist style, characterized by firsthand embeds in underreported global hotspots rather than traditional studio analysis. His role extended to facilitating the initial partnership, where he positioned Vice's raw, youth-oriented journalism as a differentiator during negotiations, leading to the network's commitment for original programming starting in 2013. This alignment with the series' irreverent ethos—prioritizing unfiltered access over polished narratives—helped establish as a departure from conventional news formats on premium cable. By 2018, Smith reduced his on-air involvement, with the series shifting to rotating correspondents for hosting duties amid his broader pivot to executive oversight at . This transition paralleled his March 13, 2018, resignation as CEO, after which he assumed the role of executive chairman to prioritize strategic content deals and company growth initiatives.

Correspondents and Contributors

The VICE series featured a cadre of correspondents and contributors primarily sourced from Vice Media's news operations, emphasizing field reporters with specialized backgrounds in conflict embeds, investigations, and scrutiny to align expertise with reporting demands. After founding host Shane Smith's prominence waned following initial seasons, the program shifted toward a rotating on-air model, with correspondents like Thomas Morton and Gianna Toboni assuming hosting duties alongside segment narration to facilitate topic-specific immersion. This approach diversified perspectives, incorporating ex-military veterans for kinetic environments and career journalists for analytical domestic coverage, though Vice's broader news division experienced notable staff flux reflective of the company's operational volatility. Kaj Larsen, a former U.S. SEAL officer with combat deployments in and , contributed as a from 2015 to 2016, specializing in military-focused embeds and topics, drawing on his prior investigative reporting for CNN's Special Investigations Unit. His operational background enabled access to front-line units, enhancing empirical detail in conflict narratives, as seen in his dispatches from insurgent-threatened regions prior to HBO segments. Ben Anderson, a documentary filmmaker with over 12 years covering wars—including multiple embeds with British and U.S. forces in —provided expertise in sustained conflict reporting, authoring books like No Worse Enemy based on frontline observations and contributing VICE segments on asymmetric warfare dynamics. His pre-Vice work with the underscored a track record of verifiable on-ground sourcing in high-risk zones, bolstering the series' causal assessments of military engagements. Isobel Yeung, who joined in 2014 after four years freelancing in for outlets including and networks, focused on investigative pieces about authoritarian controls, inequities, and crisis zones, leveraging her Mandarin fluency for direct stakeholder access in East Asian stories. Her reporting, which informed contributions, prioritized primary interviews amid restricted environments, though her relative youth at entry—post-university—drew occasional scrutiny for in unembedded scenarios. Gianna Toboni, an Emmy-winning investigative , handled U.S.-centric social issues such as gun policy and incarceration alongside global beats like Southeast Asian narcotics enforcement, producing over 50 films for platforms with a emphasis on stakeholder accountability through on-site verification. Her domestic expertise contrasted with conflict specialists, enabling nuanced coverage of policy causal chains, while her awards affirmed methodological rigor despite criticisms of 's stylistic potentially overshadowing data-driven restraint. This blend of backgrounds supported the series' empirical edge, though correspondent rotation and 's talent churn—exacerbated by 2017 internal probes into workplace issues—sometimes disrupted specialized continuity.

Production Team Dynamics

The production of on drew from Vice Media's core digital production staff, including executive producers like Eddy Moretti, who oversaw the transition from online shorts to structured television episodes, while relying extensively on freelance directors, cinematographers, and field producers to enable small-team deployments for immersionist fieldwork in volatile locations. This freelance model, rooted in Vice's magazine-era structure of central coordination augmented by external talent, allowed for rapid mobilization—often with crews of 3-5 members handling , , and initial edits—but prioritized over large-scale crews typical of traditional broadcast documentaries. Creative dynamics involved input from figures like director Spike Jonze in early seasons, who influenced the series' kinetic, music-video-inflected aesthetic drawn from Vice's youth-media origins, though day-to-day operations remained under tight executive control. The structure was hierarchical, with founder Shane Smith exerting final authority as and host, fostering a centralized decision-making process that linked content direction to his vision of unfiltered global reporting; this approach, while enabling bold segments, concentrated power and contributed to a high-stakes internal culture. The demanding cycle—producing up to 14 episodes per season, with filming in multiple international hotspots followed by swift —created collaborative embeds in the field but strained resources, as teams balanced real-time hazards with deadlines that prioritized immediacy over extended verification. Smith's oversight emphasized volume and edge, correlating with the series' fresh, on-the-ground quality yet amplifying turnover pressures within Vice's broader production ecosystem. Following HBO's expanded partnership in 2015, which included additional programming commitments, production incorporated heightened network review for factual substantiation and , tempering Vice's autonomous style with compliance protocols to address liabilities from in conflict zones. This integration, while preserving core dynamics, introduced buffers against legal exposures, as evidenced by structured clearances that reduced unvetted reliance compared to Vice's pre-HBO digital output.

Content and Episodes

Season Breakdowns

The first season of Vice consisted of four episodes, airing weekly from April 5 to April 26, 2013, and established the series' core format of immersionist reporting on global underreported issues, including child soldiers in and escapes from . Seasons 2 and 3 expanded output to 28 episodes total across 2014 and 2015, transitioning to a more consistent bi-weekly schedule on while building critical momentum, with season 2 securing a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informational Series or Special. Seasons 4 through 6, from February 2016 to November 2018, marked peak episode volume with extended runs—season 4 premiering February 5, 2016; season 5 on February 24, 2017; and season 6 on April 6, 2018—before viewership pressures and HBO's decision not to renew contributed to a production decline, culminating in the network's conclusion of the series after 72 episodes overall.

Recurring Themes and Notable Installments

Recurring themes in Vice encompass immersive explorations of transnational trafficking networks, jihadist insurgencies, and socioeconomic decay in Western societies, often emphasizing the human costs and shortcomings that exacerbate these issues. Episodes on drug wars, such as those profiling cartels' expansion into oil alongside narcotics, illustrate the cartels' to enforcement pressures, revealing how interdiction efforts inadvertently diversification into legitimate industries like theft, with cartels siphoning billions in crude annually from state pipelines. Similarly, coverage of recurrently dissects recruitment dynamics and territorial governance by groups like the , underscoring causal links between prior military interventions and the power vacuums enabling such entities' rise, without routinely incorporating defenses of those interventions from hawkish perspectives. Domestic themes, including the , highlight systemic failures in pharmaceutical and rural healthcare access, portraying cycles of as rooted in over-prescription and inadequate treatment infrastructure rather than solely individual choices. Notable installments include the 2013 "Basketball Diplomacy" segment, where correspondents gained unprecedented access to by facilitating an NBA exhibition game led by , culminating in a meeting with Kim Jong-un and showcasing the regime's orchestrated pageantry amid famine and isolation. This episode drew significant attention for its rare footage of Pyongyang's underbelly, including defectors' accounts and state propaganda mechanisms, contributing to broader discourse on diplomatic oddities as potential thaw signals, though follow-up analyses noted no substantive policy shifts. The 2014 "The Islamic State" dispatch stands out for journalist Medyan Dairie's three-week embed within ISIS-held territories in and , capturing on-camera admissions from fighters about caliphate administration, slave markets, and anti-Western , which illuminated the group's operational sophistication and ideological appeal to disenfranchised Sunnis post-2003 invasion. It garnered a Peabody Award for its raw evidentiary value in documenting jihadist , though certain graphic elements were later edited amid broadcast sensitivities. The 2017 opioid crisis episode in exemplified U.S.-focused decay themes, embedding with addicts and to quantify overdose surges—over 500 annual deaths in the state by then—tied to fentanyl-laced inflows and lax prescribing post-Purdue Pharma's OxyContin rollout, critiquing federal responses as reactive rather than preventive. Mexican coverage, as in the 2014 diversification report, evidenced how groups like those in leveraged U.S. demand and weak Mexican governance to amass $2-4 billion yearly from fuel heists, underscoring interdiction's limited efficacy without addressing root demand drivers. These segments often spiked online engagement and citations in policy debates, with ISIS footage referenced in congressional hearings on , yet their emphasis on intervention blowback—such as arming proxies that later turned adversarial—sidestepped counterarguments favoring sustained military presence for stability.

Coverage of Global Conflicts and Social Issues

Vice correspondents secured rare on-the-ground access in Yemen's civil war, embedding with Houthi militias opposed to and coalition forces in Saudi- and Emirati-led operations, documenting indiscriminate airstrikes that resulted in at least 10,000 deaths by late 2018 and exacerbating through blockades tied to Western-backed interventions. In strongholds, reporting exposed operational tactics and recruitment amid the fog of proxy conflicts, where uneasy alliances against shared enemies like the Houthis masked underlying jihadist expansions fueled by policy vacuums in post-Arab Spring stabilization efforts. These embeds revealed causal failures in distribution, with blockades and strikes disproportionately hitting civilians, independent analyses confirming over 85% of Yemen's 24 million in need lacked sufficient humanitarian support by 2018 due to such restrictions. In Syria, Vice episodes detailed jihadist group dynamics, including ISIS's territorial conquests across swathes of and by 2014 and al-Nusra's insurgent advances against Assad forces, featuring interviews with foreign fighters who framed participation as religious duty against secular regimes. Coverage in Rojava highlighted clashes with al Qaeda affiliates like ISIS and Jabhat al-Nusra, providing footage of rebel embeds that underscored tactical adaptations such as urban guerrilla warfare, later corroborated by conflict trackers showing jihadist control over 40% of Syrian territory at peak in 2015 before airstrikes reversed gains. Such reporting linked escalation to Western hesitancy in arming moderates, enabling jihadist vacuums, though Vice's narrative style occasionally amplified dramatic personal testimonies over aggregated battle data from sources like the . Domestically, Vice examined the U.S. 's scale, with episodes like "Raised in the " profiling in facilities holding over 30,000 youth annually as of 2018, tracing cycles to underfunded rehabilitation amid a national incarceration rate of 670 per 100,000 adults—five times the global average—attributed to mandatory minimums and profit-driven private prisons. The "Fixing the " report followed President Obama's 2015 visit to El Reno Federal Correctional Institution, spotlighting nonviolent drug offenders comprising 46% of federal prisoners, critiquing how three-strikes laws prolonged sentences without reducing crime rates, as verified by showing flat trends post-reform pushes. Explorations of vice economies, including drug markets and , drew for stylistic choices that risked normalizing cycles, as in profiles of users where immersive visuals echoed 1990s "" aesthetics, potentially underemphasizing empirical relapse rates exceeding 80% in first-year abstinence attempts per data. Independent reviews noted Vice's tendency to prioritize visceral embeds over dry metrics, leading to occasional unverified anecdotes in narratives that glamorized subcultures without fully dissecting economic drivers like black-market valuations surpassing $100 billion annually in U.S. illicit drugs. Cross-verifications with outlets like affirmed Vice's Yemen access yields on civilian impacts but flagged dramatic editing that heightened perceived chaos beyond quantified strikes (e.g., 19,000+ coalition sorties by 2018 per UN logs), while Syria jihadist portrayals aligned with declassified on tactics yet sometimes overstated individual agency over structural enablers like arms flows. Overall, while providing empirical glimpses into inaccessible zones, Vice's output warranted scrutiny for sensational framing, as analyses rated it left-leaning with mostly factual but editorially selective sourcing.

Vice News Tonight

Vice News Tonight debuted on HBO on October 10, 2016, as a weekday half-hour newscast airing at 7:30 p.m. ET, designed to extend Media's immersive model into a scalable daily format responsive to . The program featured rotating correspondents, including , Arielle Duhaime-Ross, and , who anchored segments blending studio analysis with on-the-ground footage from global hotspots. This structure emphasized rapid production cycles, often finalizing content minutes before airtime, to cover U.S. political developments amid the presidential transition and international crises like conflicts in the . The show's format prioritized Vice's hallmark gonzo-style reporting—short, visceral dispatches from correspondents embedded in events—over traditional desk-bound commentary, aiming to appeal to younger audiences disillusioned with legacy broadcast news. It garnered recognition for its field coverage, winning a 2017 News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding Continuing Coverage of a News Story in a Newscast for the "Retaking Mosul" segment, which documented Iraqi forces' battle against ISIS in real time. Despite this acclaim, the daily production demanded significant resources, including extensive travel and editing teams, testing Vice's ability to sustain high-output linear programming. HBO canceled Vice News Tonight on June 10, 2019, after three seasons, attributing the decision to evolving content strategies and leadership shifts at the network, though underlying factors included the program's high operational costs—estimated in the tens of millions annually—and underwhelming linear TV ratings compared to its stronger digital streaming performance on platforms like . planned to adapt elements into shorter digital segments and a relaunched version on its own channel, highlighting the challenges of translating the brand's niche appeal into profitable broadcast scalability amid trends.

Other Vice-HBO Collaborations

In addition to the flagship VICE series and VICE News Tonight, the partnership between and yielded several standalone special reports that delved into targeted social, political, and economic issues, leveraging Vice's immersive reporting style with HBO's production support. These specials, often airing as one-off broadcasts, featured Vice correspondents and extended the collaborative framework established in the output deal, which allocated budgets for expanded content beyond weekly episodes. One early example, "VICE Special Report: Fixing the System," aired on July 29, 2015, accompanying President Barack Obama's historic visit to the El Reno Federal Correctional Institution in —the first by a sitting U.S. president. The 30-minute program, hosted by Vice co-founder , examined flaws in the federal prison system, including mandatory minimum sentences and rates exceeding 50% for certain offenses, drawing on interviews with inmates, wardens, and policymakers. It highlighted empirical data from the U.S. Sentencing Commission showing disproportionate impacts on non-violent drug offenders, critiquing policies enacted under the 1980s Anti-Drug Abuse Act. Subsequent specials included "A House Divided," broadcast on December 12, 2016, which analyzed deepening partisan divides in American politics through on-the-ground reporting from swing states and Featuring an interview with outgoing President Obama on post-election tensions, the report documented rising , with FBI data indicating a 20% increase in threats against public officials from 2015 to 2016. It earned a Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Special, recognizing its examination of causal factors like media echo chambers and . "Consent," a 2018 special report led by correspondent , aired on September 29 and investigated consent dynamics amid the , incorporating survivor testimonies, legal analyses, and cultural case studies from college campuses to Hollywood. It cited figures showing over 300,000 sexual assaults annually in the U.S., many unreported due to definitional ambiguities in state laws. Similarly, "The Future of Work," premiered April 19, 2019, focused on automation's displacement effects, interviewing economists and workers in industries like , where McKinsey Global Institute projections estimated 45 million U.S. jobs at risk by 2030 from AI and robotics adoption. These productions shared personnel, such as directors from the core VICE team, and utilized HBO funding to experiment with extended formats, though viewership metrics remained lower than the weekly series, averaging under 500,000 households per special per Nielsen data. Reception was mixed, with praise for data-driven insights but criticism in outlets like for occasional over rigorous causal analysis in framing complex societal drivers.

Reception and Impact

Critical Acclaim and Awards

Vice earned positive critical reception in its initial seasons, with aggregating Tomatometer scores of 85% for Season 1 based on 13 reviews and 89% for Season 2 from 2 reviews, reflecting praise for its bold journalistic approach and visual style. Season 3 achieved a perfect 100% score albeit from a single review, indicating selective but enthusiastic endorsement from critics who valued the series' immersion in underreported global issues. These metrics, derived from aggregated professional reviews, underscore acclaim centered on innovation in storytelling rather than exhaustive verification of on-the-ground reporting. The series accumulated 6 Emmy wins and 24 nominations overall, including the 2014 Outstanding Informational Series or Special award for its inaugural season, recognizing contributions from executive producers like Shane Smith and directors such as Eddy Moretti. Additional wins spanned categories like directing and short-format documentaries from 2014 to 2018, with episodes earning honors for technical craft and narrative impact in covering topics from environmental crises to labor exploitation. Such accolades, primarily from the Television Academy, highlighted Vice's disruption of traditional news formats, though they emanated from institutions with established ties to mainstream media, potentially amplifying praise for stylistic edginess over empirical scrutiny. Critics from outlets like Variety and commended the program's "raw energy" and access to conflict zones, attributing its appeal to a visceral, on-the-scene perspective that conventional broadcasts rarely matched. This reception, however, often prioritized the series' aesthetic and experiential qualities, with reviews noting its ability to evoke urgency without delving deeply into potential factual inconsistencies later scrutinized elsewhere. The pattern of acclaim from predominantly urban, progressive-leaning publications suggests a resonance with audiences and evaluators predisposed to narratives, tempering the universality of the praise.

Audience Response and Viewership Metrics

The HBO series Vice garnered an average of approximately 2 million viewers per episode during its first season in 2013, encompassing live broadcasts, DVR playback, streams, and encores. This figure reflected strong initial traction among cable subscribers, particularly in the 18-34 demographic, which aligned with Vice Media's core online audience composition of 72% aged 18-34. Viewership peaked during the 2014-2016 period, with the weekly format sustaining averages around 1.7 million viewers, driven by the series' to younger viewers disillusioned with traditional broadcast journalism's perceived sanitization of edgy topics. By 2017-2019, linear TV ratings for and related programming declined amid trends and a pivot to streaming platforms, with opting not to renew the weekly series after its sixth season in 2018. This drop correlated with broader industry shifts, where younger demographics increasingly favored on-demand access over scheduled airings, though 's youth-skewing viewership—evident in its 18-49 prime-time performance outperforming expectations relative to total audience size—provided some insulation initially. on Max post-2019 offered streaming uplifts, but linear fatigue from repetitive immersionist segments contributed to waning engagement among core fans who aged into their late 20s and 30s, reducing novelty appeal. Audience feedback highlighted praise for the series' unfiltered examinations of vices, drugs, and global underbellies, resonating with viewers valuing raw, on-the-ground reporting over polished narratives. and forum discussions often lauded episodes for delivering politically incorrect insights into taboo subjects, fostering loyalty among seeking alternatives to mainstream outlets. However, backlash emerged on platforms like , where detractors accused segments of veering into , eroding trust among conservative-leaning or skepticism-prone subsets of the 18-34 cohort. This polarization underscored Vice's niche strength in youth metrics—outpacing older demos by factors tied to its countercultural branding—while exposing vulnerabilities to ideological fatigue as audiences matured.

Influence on Documentary Journalism

The Vice series on pioneered an immersionist approach in documentary television, deploying young correspondents into conflict zones and subcultures for raw, first-person reporting that eschewed traditional detachment in favor of gonzo-style engagement. Episodes, typically 25-30 minutes long, condensed complex global issues into punchy, visually driven segments, popularizing short-form immersion that prioritized experiential over extended analysis. This format's success prompted streaming platforms like to emulate elements of Vice's hybrid model, aiming to capture millennial audiences through on-the-ground explainers and cultural deep dives rather than conventional broadcasts. Critics contended that Vice's innovations fostered , blurring lines between and by emphasizing —such as casual and embedded exploits in slums or war zones—to hook viewers. Some episodes evoked "poverty tourism," with reporters' ironic detachment and stylistic flair accused of exoticizing hardship for Western consumption, potentially undermining the gravity of depicted crises. The style's emulation by less scrupulous creators diluted genre standards, contributing to a surge in amateur conflict footage and "" content that prioritized virality over verification, as seen in post-2013 spikes in user-generated embeds from hotspots like . Ultimately, Vice expanded documentary journalism's scope by centering marginal voices from peripheries—drug cartels, insurgencies, and underground economies—while advancing the "explainer" trend that demystified for non-experts via accessible narratives. However, its legacy includes normalizing critiques of and Western military interventions through an prism, often highlighting exploitation and without parallel examinations of alternative frameworks like market-driven development or hawkish rationales. This pattern, reflective of left-center editorial leanings in story selection, amplified certain causal narratives on inequality and conflict but constrained the genre's ideological balance, as evidenced by sparse counterpoints in Vice's output.

Controversies and Criticisms

Pulled and Altered Episodes

In May 2023, Showtime removed the fourth episode of the fourth season of Vice from its schedule, titled "The Gitmo Candidate & Chipping Away," which included investigative reporting on Governor ' tenure as a at the Guantanamo Bay detention facility during 2006–2007. The episode, originally set to premiere on May 28, 2023, was replaced with a rerun of a prior installment without any public rationale provided by Showtime or parent company at the time. Internal sources later revealed the pull stemmed from concerns over political repercussions, particularly as DeSantis was positioning himself as a leading Republican contender for the 2024 presidential nomination, with the segment featuring detainee accounts and DeSantis' responses to questions about witnessing detainee abuse. This decision contrasted with Vice's earlier HBO-era approach, where episodes on volatile topics like ISIS recruitment and Mexican cartel operations often aired with minimal post-production alterations despite access risks and threats to journalists. For instance, the 2013 season 1 episode on underground heroin treatment in Mexico involved on-the-ground filming amid cartel influence but proceeded to broadcast without reported pulls, though standard practices included blurring identities for source protection. Similarly, the 2014 special "The Islamic State," which embedded correspondents with fighters to examine recruitment dynamics, faced U.S. legal scrutiny over potential material support to terrorists but was not pulled or substantially edited beyond initial safety redactions, airing intact on HBO amid threats to Vice's access in the region. Independent reporting verified that HBO's tolerance for such content differed from Showtime's hesitancy, with the latter's actions aligning with broader corporate caution toward conservative-leaning figures during election cycles. These cases illustrate episodic self-censorship patterns, where network decisions prioritized risk aversion over unedited dissemination, as evidenced by the absence of Vice's own protests or alternative releases for the DeSantis segment despite its completion.

Journalistic Integrity and Sensationalism

Critics have accused Vice of staging elements in its episodes to amplify dramatic impact, deviating from documentary standards by incorporating tactics into purported . For example, former Vice journalist Rich McHugh, through his platform Not Vice, detailed instances where reports included unverifiable claims and contrived portrayals, such as in community-focused segments that exaggerated conflicts for viewer engagement, labeling the approach as blending "reality TV " with factual reporting. These allegations extend to conflict coverage, where immersive footage sometimes prioritized visual spectacle over rigorous verification, leading to disputes over authenticity in depictions of on-the-ground events. The series' lack of sourcing transparency further compounded methodological concerns, with episodes often featuring "hazily sourced" video of violence and unrest without explicit attribution or corroboration from multiple witnesses. This opacity, critics argued, allowed for unsubstantiated narratives that favored narrative flow over empirical validation, as seen in early seasons' war zone dispatches where correspondent testimonials substituted for documented evidence. Independent analyses, including those from media watchdogs, highlighted recurring factual discrepancies in such content, though Vice maintained its gonzo style inherently involved subjective immersion rather than detached objectivity. Sensationalism manifested in Vice's glamorization of peril, where correspondents frequently embedded without standard protective gear, portraying raw bravado to underscore authenticity for a young audience. This approach, while yielding visceral footage, drew rebukes for elevating personal risk—evident in high-profile embeds in zones like and —without yielding proportionally deeper causal insights into underlying dynamics. Detractors, including outlets like , likened segments to "Jackass"-style antics amid grave settings, arguing it titillated viewers by exploiting danger rather than dissecting it methodically, potentially endangering local fixers and subjects disproportionately. Such tactics, while innovative, were seen as breaching first-principles of balanced by subordinating verifiable analysis to stylistic flair.

Ideological Bias and Political Slant

The Vice HBO series, spanning 2013 to 2019, exhibited a left-leaning ideological bias as assessed by evaluators, with assigning it a bias score of -9.25 on a scale where negative values indicate skew toward liberal perspectives, categorizing it as "Skews Left" based on consistent story selection and framing that aligned with progressive viewpoints. similarly rated , including its television output, as "Left" due to content that strongly favored liberal policy agendas and critiqued conservative figures. This slant manifested in topic prioritization, such as frequent examinations of systemic inequalities framed without emphasis on or cultural agency, exemplified in segments on racial disparities that attributed outcomes primarily to institutional rather than behavioral factors. Post-2016, the series intensified its focus on critiques of Donald Trump and his administration, producing episodes like the March 2018 segment "How Truth Lost Its Meaning In Trump's America," which portrayed conservative skepticism of mainstream media as a symptom of alternative facts and polarization, while downplaying evidentiary bases for such distrust. This coverage often emphasized Trump's rhetorical style and policy disruptions over substantive policy achievements, such as foreign policy initiatives including the Abraham Accords, which received minimal affirmative exploration in Vice segments despite their diplomatic significance. Earlier iterations retained elements of the brand's gonzo journalism roots—initially more apolitical and exploratory—but evolved into advocacy-oriented reporting, as seen in pro-legalization drug policy pieces that highlighted benefits and user testimonials while omitting counterarguments on public health costs or enforcement challenges. Critics from conservative perspectives, including user analyses on platforms like and , highlighted perceived underreporting of conservative successes and a propagandistic tilt, with reviewers noting a sharp pivot to editorializing against Trump upon his , framing neutral events through a lens of institutional critique aligned with left priorities. of imbalance appears in topic selection: while neutral or investigative pieces on global issues like conflict zones occurred sporadically, domestic political content disproportionately targeted right-leaning policies, such as , without equivalent scrutiny of left-leaning governance failures. This pattern contributed to accusations of selective outrage, where progressive causes received empathetic portrayals and conservative viewpoints were often caricatured or sidelined, reflecting a broader institutional trend in toward viewpoint homogenization rather than pluralism.

Cancellation and Aftermath

Reasons for HBO Cancellation (2019)

HBO confirmed in February 2019 that it would not renew the television series beyond its sixth season, which concluded in November 2018, effectively ending the network's flagship collaboration with after seven years. The announcement followed internal evaluations revealing that the show's production costs—reportedly exceeding $10 million per season for on-location reporting and high-profile talent—outweighed its returns amid shrinking linear TV audiences. Declining viewership metrics played a central role, as Vice's episodes averaged under 500,000 linear viewers per episode in its final seasons, down from peaks above 1 million earlier in the run, reflecting broader trends that accelerated to over 30 million U.S. households by 2019. Younger demographics, Vice's core audience, increasingly favored streaming platforms over traditional cable, eroding the ad-supported and subscriber value of weekly documentary slots on premium networks like . This mismatch was compounded by Vice Media's financial overextension, with the company carrying hundreds of millions in debt from failed ventures like the $100 million channel launch and print expansions, limiting its negotiating leverage. HBO's strategic pivot toward prestige scripted dramas, such as Game of Thrones successors and original series for its impending HBO Max streaming service (launched in ), further deprioritized unscripted news magazines. Even with Vice's 17 Emmy wins across its run, the format's reliance on episodic, issue-driven content showed signs of audience fatigue, failing to align with HBO's emphasis on bingeable, narrative-driven programming that drove subscriber growth in a post-cord-cutting landscape.

Vice Media's Broader Decline

Following the 2019 cancellation of its HBO series, including "Vice News Tonight," Vice Media lost a pivotal that had provided both financial backing and enhanced credibility, diminishing its leverage in linear television and hastening the devaluation of its broader content ecosystem. This severance exacerbated existing strains, as the company's television output had served as a promotional engine for its digital and print arms, leaving those segments more vulnerable to ad revenue volatility. Vice's financial woes intensified through a pattern of layoffs spanning 2018 to 2024, culminating in its 2023 Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing amid $500 million in debt accrued from aggressive expansion into acquisitions, international offices, and high-cost content production. In July 2023, a led by acquired Vice's assets for $350 million—primarily its brands, , and studio operations—effectively valuing the distressed entity at a steep discount from its peak $5.7 billion appraisal in , with original shareholders receiving no recovery. By February 2024, under new ownership, Vice laid off several hundred employees—representing over 20% of its remaining workforce—and halted all new publishing on Vice.com, redirecting efforts toward licensed content deals and social media syndication to cut operational costs. These measures stemmed from overexpansion fueled by cheap debt and investor hype, which supported lavish spending on real estate and talent but failed to yield scalable digital monetization, leaving Vice unable to compete in a post-pandemic ad market dominated by platforms like YouTube and TikTok. Critics have linked part of the audience erosion to Vice's evolution from irreverent, gonzo-style journalism targeting countercultural youth to formulaic progressive advocacy, which diluted its distinctive edge and repelled core demographics amid broader market polarization. The resulting operational pivots, including site decommissioning, have diminished access to Vice's historical archives, further undermining its institutional knowledge and long-term relevance in documentary and news media.

Long-term Legacy

Vice's immersive approach to underreported global issues, such as the operational economics of drug and narco-trafficking networks, provided rare on-the-ground access that traditional outlets often lacked, earning the series a 2014 Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Informational Series or Special. Episodes tracing drug supply chains from through and detailing cartel financial structures highlighted causal mechanisms like and market incentives driving illicit economies, influencing subsequent investigative work on . Yet, the series' emphasis on visceral immersion over rigorous verification fostered , where stylistic flair sometimes overshadowed factual depth, exacerbating public toward amid a documented decline in media trust from 72% in 1976 to 32% by 2023. Critics noted that Vice's gonzo aesthetic prioritized emotional impact and shareability, aligning with broader trends in "viral journalism" that prioritized engagement metrics over ethical standards, thus normalizing a less accountable form of reporting. In the long term, Vice pioneered strategies for youth engagement by integrating lifestyle content with hard news, drawing millennials into topics like geopolitics through accessible, countercultural framing that boosted early digital news consumption among under-30s. However, the parent company's 2023 bankruptcy filing, after a peak $6 billion valuation, underscores a cautionary arc: rapid expansion diluted editorial rigor, prioritizing hype-driven growth over sustainable practices, and contributed to a polarized media ecosystem where stylistic innovation outpaced verifiable substance. This trajectory reflects journalism's vulnerability to commercial incentives, where initial breakthroughs in access and audience reach yielded to systemic flaws in accountability.

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