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Azteca Uno (formerly Azteca Trece)[1] is a Mexican national broadcast television network owned by TV Azteca, with more than 100 transmitters across the country. Azteca Uno broadcasts on virtual channel 1. Azteca Uno programming is available in Mexico on satellite via Sky and Dish Network, as well as all Mexican cable systems, and some Azteca Uno programming were seen in the United States on Azteca América.

Key Information

History

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Establishment of XHDF

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Main article: XHDF-TDT

Azteca Trece took its historic channel number (13) from XHDF-TV, which signed on in 1968 on channel 13. It was owned by Francisco Aguirre's Organización Radio Centro through concessionaire Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión, S.A. de C.V. The station had fewer resources compared to its Mexico City competitors, Telesistema Mexicano and Televisión Independiente de México, and relied on foreign films and series, supplied primarily by Eurovision, to fill out its broadcast day.[2]

In 1972, due to debts owed to the state-owned Sociedad Mexicana de Crédito Industrial (Mexican Industrial Credit Society or SOMEX), XHDF and concessionaire Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión were nationalized.

The first director of the government-owned Canal 13 was Antonio Menéndez González, and after his death, he was succeeded by Enrique González Pedrero, senator of the state of Tabasco from the PRI. Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión, along with another state-owned enterprise, Tele-Radio Nacional, began receiving new television concessions as part of a national expansion of the Mexico City station into a national television network.[citation needed]

One of the first orders of business for Canal 13 was a relocation. On 14 July 1976, Canal 13's new facilities in the Ajusco area of Mexico City were formally inaugurated by President Luis Echeverría. The event was attended by various figures from the political and business sectors of the country, including Secretary of the Interior Mario Moya Palencia and Secretary of Communications and Transportation Eugenio Méndez Docurro, as well as Emilio Azcárraga Milmo, Romulo O'Farrill and Miguel Aleman Velasco, who served as directors of Televisa.[citation needed]

In 1983, the Mexican government reorganized its broadcast holdings. The result was the creation of the Mexican Television Institute, which changed its name to Imevisión in 1985. Imevisión comprised not only Canal 13, now known as Red Nacional 13, but the former Televisión de la República Mexicana, with its channel 22 station, and a new network known as Red Nacional 7 and broadcast in Mexico City by the brand-new XHIMT-TV channel 7.[citation needed]

During the Imevisión years, Red Nacional 13 continued to broadcast commercial programming, although it featured some programs with a cultural focus, such as Temas de Garibay, Entre Amigos with Alejandro Aura, and several programs with journalist Jorge Saldaña.[citation needed]

Privatization

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This Azteca Trece logo, with variations, was used between 1998 and 2007 and is based on the Mayan numeral for 13

In 1990, Imevisión collapsed the 7 and 13 national networks into one, retaining the stronger channel 13 branding. At this time, the first of two attempts to privatize Imevisión was made, meeting with no bidders.

In 1993, the administration of Carlos Salinas de Gortari auctioned off Imevisión and some other government-owned media ventures in various packages. Radio Televisión del Centro, headed by electronics store owner Ricardo Salinas Pliego, bought all of the TV stations. The result was the creation of Televisión Azteca, which took its name from the holding company created for the largest of the packages: the Red Nacional 13, including XHDF.

Programs

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Azteca Uno is the home of most of TV Azteca's domestic output, especially telenovelas, entertainment programs, and news.

Entertainment

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Azteca Uno features two entertainment programs on its weekday schedule. Its morning show, Venga la Alegría, airs from 8:55 to noon and competes against similar offerings from Las Estrellas and Imagen Televisión. An afternoon show, Ventaneando, is more focused on entertainment news, and airs at 1pm.

News

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Main article: Hechos

Azteca Uno airs three editions of Hechos, Azteca's primary newscast, in the morning, at lunchtime and at 10pm. All three beat Televisa's competing newscasts in the ratings in September 2016.[3]

Azteca Internacional

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A previous logo

The network also operates an international version of Azteca Trece as AZ Mundo (formerly Azteca 13 Internacional), reaching 13 countries in North, Central and South America. On 15 July 2004, the CRTC in Canada denied a request for Azteca 13 Internacional to be broadcast via digital cable and satellite.[4] However, a second subsequent request was approved on 20 January 2006.[5] On 15 September 2015, Azteca 13 International was renamed AZ Mundo.[6] The channel is available in Canada on Rogers Digital Cable, Vidéotron & Bell Fibe TV. On 5 June 2023, the channel would be relaunched again as Azteca Internacional.[7]

Azteca Uno transmitters

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Azteca Uno is available on 91 of its own transmitters as well as on a subchannel of 13 Azteca 7 transmitters.[8][9] The latter only carry Azteca Uno in standard definition.

As part of the national virtual channel realignment of October 2016, Azteca Trece, including in Mexico City, moved from channel 13 to channel 1. The move allowed it to leapfrog Las Estrellas, its primary competitor, which remained on channel 2; it also ultimately led to the rename of the network as Azteca Uno effective 1 January 2018.

RF VC Call sign Location ERP
30 1 XHJCM-TDT Aguascalientes, Ags. 15.89 kW
16 1 XHENE-TDT Ensenada, BC 29.3 kW
28 1 XHAQ-TDT Mexicali, BC 65.67 kW
21 1 XHFEC-TDT San Felipe, BC 1.02 kW
28 1 XHJK-TDT Tijuana, BC 151.03 kW
24 1 XHJCC-TDT San José del Cabo, BCS 13.53 kW
26 1 XHCOC-TDT Cd. Constitución, BCS 7.28 kW
21 1 XHAPB-TDT La Paz, BCS 49.91 kW
29 1 XHGE-TDT Campeche, Camp. 20.33 kW
35 1 XHGN-TDT Ciudad del Carmen,Camp. 8.16 kW
29 1 XHPEH-TDT Escárcega, Camp. 7.23 kW
21 1 XHCGJ-TDT Cd. Camargo, Chih. 4.08 kW
34 1 XHCJE-TDT Cd. Juárez, Chih. 52.1 kW
22 1 XHCH-TDT Chihuahua, Chih. 51.47 kW
23 1 XHIT-TDT Chihuahua, Chih. 51.41 kW
22 1 XHCH-TDT Delicias, Chih. 51.47 kW
23 1 XHIT-TDT Delicias, Chih. 51.41 kW
25 1 XHHPC-TDT Hidalgo del Parral, Chih. 8.97 kW
24 1 XHCGC-TDT Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chih. 9.63 kW
16 1 XHHR-TDT Ojinaga, Chih. 2.51 kW
25 1 XHHE-TDT Cd. Acuña, Coah. 4.21 kW
24 1 XHHC-TDT Monclova, Coah. 11.69 kW
29 1 XHPFC-TDT Parras, Coah. 10.92 kW
26 1 XHCJ-TDT Sabinas, Coah. 9.98 kW
19 1 XHWX-TDT Saltillo, Coah. 13.605 kW
39 1 XHGDP-TDT Torreón, Coah. 188.17 kW
43 1 XHKF-TDT Colima, Col. 24.14 kW
21 1 XHDR-TDT Manzanillo, Col. 10.47 kW
22 1 XHTCA-TDT Tecomán, Col. 4.560 kW
25 1 XHDF-TDT Mexico City 468.030 kW
22 1 XHVEL-TDT Cuéncame, Dgo. 4.57 kW
26 1 XHDB-TDT Durango, Dgo. 12.83 kW
45 1 XHGVH-TDT Guadalupe Victoria, Dgo. 4.83 kW
27 1 XHPAP-TDT Santiago Papasquiaro, Dgo. 1.79 kW
33 1 XHMAS-TDT Celaya, Gto. 100.27 kW
48 1 XHIE-TDT Acapulco, Gro. 36.48 kW
24 1 XHCER-TDT Chilpancingo, Gro. 17.66 kW
41 1 XHIR-TDT Iguala, Gro. 6.19 kW
23 1 XHIB-TDT Taxco, Gro. 7.18 kW
22 1 XHDU-TDT Zihuatanejo, Gro. 42.68 kW
25 1 XHDF-TDT Pachuca, Hgo. 1.22 kW
46 1 XHTGN-TDT Tulancingo, Hgo. 9.99 kW
33 1 XHJAL-TDT Guadalajara, Jal. 109.19 kW
25 1 XHGJ-TDT Puerto Vallarta, Jal. 19.27 kW
27 1 XHXEM-TDT Toluca/Jocotitlán, Mex. 92.8 kW
26 1 XHLCM-TDT Lazaro Cárdenas, Mich. 9.18 kW
24 1 XHCBM-TDT Pátzcuaro, Mich.
(Cerro Burro) 		66.42 kW
27 1 XHCUR-TDT Cuernavaca, Mor. 239.83 kW
30 1 XHAF-TDT Tepic, Nay. 24 kW
19 1 XHWX-TDT Monterrey, NL 429.706 kW
33 1 XHJN-TDT Huajuapan de León, Oax. 5.36 kW
25 1 XHIG-TDT Matías Romero, Oax.
(Cerro Palma Sola) 		48.21 kW
26 1 XHDG-TDT Oaxaca, Oax. 58 kW
24 1 XHINC-TDT Pinotepa Nacional, Oax. 4.41 kW
33 1 XHPCE-TDT Puerto Escondido, Oax.
46 1 XHSCO-TDT Salina Cruz, Oax. 3.33 kW
24 1 XHPUR-TDT Puebla, Pue. 53.51 kW
28 1 XHTHN-TDT Tehuacán, Pue. 17.36 kW
26 1 XHQUR-TDT Querétaro, Qro. 301.070 kW
25 1 XHAQR-TDT Cancún, Q. Roo 38.97 kW
23 1 XHBX-TDT Chetumal, Q. Roo 8.54 kW
26 1 XHPMS-TDT Matehuala, SLP 4.44 kW
28 1 XHDD-TDT San Luis Potosí, SLP 43.42 kW
24 1 XHTZL-TDT Tamazunchale, SLP 5.05 kW
21 1 XHTAZ-TDT Tamazunchale, SLP 5.06 kW
32 1 XHCUA-TDT Culiacán, Sin. 36.7 kW
27 1 XHMSI-TDT Los Mochis, Sin. 45.49 kW
34 1 XHLSI-TDT Mazatlán, Sin. 38.31 kW
33 1 XHCSO-TDT Cd. Obregón, Son. 38.46 kW
21 1 XHHN-TDT Guaymas, Son. 12.34 kW
24 1 XHHSS-TDT Hermosillo, Son. 38.950 kW
15 1 XHFA-TDT Nogales, Son. 77.34 kW
44 1 XHVHT-TDT Villahermosa, Tab. 18.79 kW
23 1 XHBY-TDT Ciudad Mante, Tamps. 8.45 kW
24 1 XHCVT-TDT Ciudad Victoria, Tamps. 17.08 kW
12 1 XHMTA-TDT Matamoros, Tamps. 75.123 kW
23 1 XHLNA-TDT Nuevo Laredo, Tamps. 75.123 kW
36 1 XHREY-TDT Reynosa, Tamps. 61.24 kW
21 1 XHFET-TDT San Fernando, Tamps. 0.9 kW
28 1 XHHP-TDT Soto La Marina, Tamps. 5.09 kW
29 1 XHWT-TDT Tampico, Tamps. 30.2 kW
32 1 XHAZL-TDT Cerro Azul, Ver. 4.5 kW
43 1 XHBE-TDT Coatzacoalcos, Ver. 50.58 kW
31 1 XHIC-TDT Cofre de Perote, Ver. 239.46 kW
33 1 XHSTV-TDT Santiago Tuxtla, Ver. 15.16 kW
31 1 XHDH-TDT Mérida, Yuc. 97.952 kW
23 1 XHKYU-TDT Valladolid/Kahua, Yuc. 4.76 kW
34 1 XHKC-TDT Fresnillo, Zac. 9.230 kW
27 1 XHCPZ-TDT Sombrerete, Zac. 9.13 kW
46 1 XHLVZ-TDT Zacatecas, Zac. 40.94 kW

References

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[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Azteca Uno

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Azteca Uno is a Mexican national free-to-air television network owned by Televisión Azteca, S.A.B. de C.V., specializing in live entertainment programming including reality shows, telenovelas, news, and variety content targeted at families and primary household decision-makers, particularly women. The channel originated from the privatization of state-owned Imevisión's assets in 1993, when businessman Ricardo Salinas Pliego acquired the concessions and relaunched operations under the TV Azteca banner on August 2 of that year, introducing competitive programming that challenged the longstanding dominance of Televisa. Formerly known as Azteca Trece, it was rebranded to Azteca Uno in 2022 to emphasize its position as the network's premier general-interest channel, broadcasting via over 100 transmitters across Mexico and available through satellite and cable distribution. Key achievements include pioneering reality television formats in Mexico, such as La Academia and Survivor México, which have drawn large audiences and generated significant international content sales, while its news programming has been noted for on-the-ground coverage of national events. The network has faced controversies, including regulatory disputes over spectrum allocation and criticisms regarding content sensationalism and political influence, though it maintains a substantial market share in a duopolistic landscape with Televisa.

History

Origins and Privatization of Imevisión Channels

The Mexican government initiated state-controlled television with the launch of Canal 13 (XHDF-TV) in on December 20, 1972, under President Luis Echeverría Álvarez, aiming to produce educational and cultural programming as a counterweight to commercial broadcasters like . This channel operated under the Secretariat of Education before formal institutionalization. On March 23, 1983, the government established the Instituto Mexicano de la Televisión (Imevisión) as a decentralized public entity via presidential decree, consolidating oversight of state television assets including Canal 13 to foster competition and public-interest content amid 's market dominance. Imevisión expanded its network by launching Canal 7 (XHIMT-TV) on May 15, 1985, in , focusing on diverse programming such as news, documentaries, and imported series to build national reach through relays across 20+ regional stations by the late 1980s. However, chronic underfunding led to operational strains; by 1988, 65-80% of Imevisión's budget supported payroll, leaving scant resources for content production and resulting in reliance on low-cost repeats and limited original output. Privatization efforts accelerated in the early under President Carlos Salinas de Gortari's neoliberal reforms, which targeted inefficient state enterprises for to attract and reduce fiscal burdens. In April 1993, Imevisión's core assets—primarily the licenses and infrastructure for Canal 13 and Canal 7—were bundled for public tender as part of broader media aligned with NAFTA preparations. Businessman , through his , won the bid for approximately 650 million pesos (about US$125 million at the time), outcompeting other suitors including elements of . This transaction dissolved Imevisión on August 2, 1993, birthing Televisión Azteca S.A. de C.V., with Canal 13 reoriented as the network's flagship for general entertainment to challenge commercially. The injected capital for modernization but drew criticism for favoring connected bidders, though it empirically boosted viewership and ad revenues in a duopolistic market.

Launch as TV Azteca and Early Development

Following the of Imevisión's broadcast concessions, commenced operations on August 2, 1993, under the leadership of , who headed the acquiring consortium. This marked the transformation of Imevisión's Channel 13 (XHDF-TV in ) into the flagship network of the new private entity, initially operating alongside Channel 7 as part of a unified signal before their programming divergence. The launch ended decades of state control over these frequencies, which had been allocated to since the 1970s, and positioned to challenge Televisa's longstanding market dominance in Mexican television. In the immediate post-launch period, implemented aggressive cost-reduction measures, including significant staff reductions from Imevisión's inherited workforce of over 6,000 employees, streamlining operations to achieve profitability within the first year. Channel 13 focused on a mix of imported content, revamped news programming, and initial domestic productions to build audience share, with early efforts emphasizing variety shows and sports coverage to differentiate from competitors. By October 15, 1993, the network formalized the split between its channels, designating Channel 13 as the premium outlet for higher-budget entertainment and news, while Channel 7 targeted broader family-oriented fare under a separate branding. These steps facilitated rapid upgrades, expanding transmitter coverage to reach approximately 70% of households by the mid-1990s through investments in regional affiliates. Early development accelerated with strategic content innovations, such as the 1996 debut of hit telenovelas like La Dueña, which employed shorter production cycles and lower costs compared to Televisa's models, capturing significant ratings and export revenue. This era also saw the recruitment of talent from rival networks and the introduction of reality-competition formats, fostering a competitive duopoly in broadcasting that pressured industry-wide efficiencies. By 1997, Channel 13 had achieved top ratings in key demographics, solidifying TV Azteca's viability amid under NAFTA.

Rebranding from Azteca Trece and Digital Expansion

In 2017, TV Azteca announced the of Azteca Trece to Azteca Uno, effective January 1, 2018. The decision aligned with the reorganization of digital channel numbering in , repositioning the broadcast signal to logical channel 1, reflecting its new numerical identity. This shift updated the channel's name and logo while preserving its core programming in entertainment, news, and live content. The transition unfolded gradually, beginning over a year prior through incremental signal adjustments and promotional use of the "Azteca Uno" moniker in official communications. aimed to foster closer audience engagement and position the channel as Mexico's leading destination for real-time programming, including telenovelas, reality shows, and informational segments. Concurrently, Sandra Smester was appointed executive vice president of programming to oversee content strategy under the new branding. Post-rebranding, Azteca Uno accelerated its digital footprint by launching free live streaming on its dedicated online platform, enabling global access to broadcasts via tvazteca.com/aztecauno. In October 2021, introduced Azteca Now, a free over-the-top (OTT) service distributing Azteca Uno's historical and premium content throughout . By 2023, the channel integrated with advanced streaming infrastructure like Mediastream for efficient live and video-on-demand delivery, consolidating multiple providers into a unified system. Further expansion included partnerships for multichannel availability on devices such as , Google TV, , and Fire TV, announced in September 2024 to broaden free access to Azteca Uno's lineup. Integration with Channels extended reach to premium audiences without additional subscriptions for select content feeds. In 2025, unveiled a multiplatform at , emphasizing fast-access (FAST) channels, AI-driven content generation, and tailored digital formats to capture younger viewers migrating from traditional TV. These initiatives sustained Azteca Uno's relevance amid trends, leveraging over 100 transmitters for hybrid broadcast-digital distribution.

Ownership and Governance

Ricardo Salinas Pliego and Grupo Salinas

, born on October 19, 1955, serves as the founder and chairman of , the holding company that controls , the broadcaster operating Azteca Uno as its primary national channel. In 1993, Salinas spearheaded an investor consortium that acquired two nationwide television licenses from the Mexican government's Imevisión network for approximately $650 million, launching and disrupting the longstanding monopoly held by in open-air broadcasting. This privatization effort, conducted under President Carlos Salinas de Gortari's administration, positioned as Mexico's second-largest media entity, with Azteca Uno evolving from one of the acquired channels (originally XHIMT-TV) into a flagship outlet for entertainment and news programming. Grupo Salinas, established under Salinas Pliego's leadership, functions as a diversified conglomerate with operations spanning retail, finance, telecommunications, and media, employing over 70,000 individuals across seven countries as of recent reports. TV Azteca constitutes the media arm, holding licenses for multiple channels including Azteca Uno, which reaches nearly 99% of Mexican households through over-the-air signals. The group's structure emphasizes operational independence among subsidiaries, with TV Azteca publicly traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange (ticker: AZTECA) and Latibex market, though Salinas Pliego retains controlling influence via family-held shares and strategic oversight. This setup has enabled synergies, such as cross-promotions between TV Azteca's content and other Grupo entities like Banco Azteca, but has also drawn scrutiny for concentrated ownership in key sectors. As chairman since TV Azteca's inception, Salinas Pliego has shaped its governance, including executive appointments; in January 2021, he replaced his son, Benjamín Salinas Sada—who had served as CEO since —with Edgar Ariel Hernández Appedole to address operational challenges. The company has faced financial pressures, including a 2005 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission settlement over accounting discrepancies involving Salinas and executives, where TV Azteca paid $15.6 million without admitting wrongdoing, and ongoing debt restructurings amid bondholder disputes reported in 2023. Despite these, Salinas maintains direct involvement in strategic decisions, leveraging TV Azteca's platform to advocate for market liberalization and critique regulatory overreach, consistent with his broader entrepreneurial philosophy.

Corporate Structure and Financial Challenges

TV Azteca S.A.B. de C.V., the parent company operating Azteca Uno as its flagship free-to-air channel, functions as a publicly traded multimedia conglomerate under the ultimate control of Ricardo Benjamín Salinas Pliego through Grupo Salinas. Salinas Pliego holds direct and indirect ownership of approximately 64.7% of TV Azteca's share capital via family-controlled entities, including Comunicaciones Avanzadas S.A. de C.V., which owns 73.77% of the company as a holding for subsidiaries under Azteca Holdings. This structure grants Salinas Pliego the authority to elect a majority of the board of directors and influence key shareholder decisions, positioning him as the de facto controlling shareholder despite public listings on the Mexican Stock Exchange. The emphasizes centralized decision-making at the executive level, with Salinas Pliego serving as chairman and key figures like Benjamin Francisco Salinas Sada on the board, integrating TV Azteca's operations with broader interests in , retail, and banking. TV Azteca's subsidiaries handle specific functions, such as content production and international distribution through Azteca Internacional, but ultimate oversight remains with the parent entity's board, which has faced scrutiny for related-party transactions involving affiliated companies like Unefon in past SEC filings. Financially, TV Azteca has grappled with significant debt burdens, including missed interest payments on $400 million in unsecured bonds issued in 2017, beginning in early 2021, which triggered creditor lawsuits in U.S. courts seeking recovery of principal and accrued interest totaling over $500 million by 2025. An involuntary petition filed by U.S. lenders was dismissed by a U.S. on November 21, 2023, citing jurisdictional issues, though disputes persisted with efforts to transfer cases to new judges and allegations of asset diversion. In 2024, Salinas Pliego announced imminent payments on overdue bonds amid ongoing restructuring, but by July 2025, creditors escalated claims to $580 million in New York courts, accusing the company of funneling resources to affiliates. A court ruling on October 22, 2025, mandated repayment of U.S. debts, exacerbating pressures amid broader fiscal strains, including tax disputes exceeding company valuations. These challenges stem from high leverage ratios, with pursuing debt exchanges and new issuances, such as $400 million in 8.25% senior notes maturing in seven years, to refinance obligations while adapting to digital streaming and ad volatility. Revised financial projections through 2033 indicate revenues stabilizing but burdened by legacy debt service, underscoring vulnerabilities in a market dominated by rivals like .

Programming and Content Strategy

Entertainment and Telenovelas

Azteca Uno serves as the primary outlet for TV Azteca's programming, which includes telenovelas, competitions, and variety shows aimed at broad family audiences. The channel's prioritizes live formats and serialized dramas that often address contemporary social issues with less emphasis on idealized romance compared to rival networks. In 2018, TV Azteca expanded its live output by 300 hours through partnerships, focusing on and interactive programs to boost viewer engagement. Telenovelas have been a cornerstone since the late , with productions like (1997–1999) pioneering mature themes such as midlife crises and marital discord, drawing audiences through realistic portrayals that contrasted with more escapist fare elsewhere. Other notable series include Amor en Custodia (2005–2006), a that sustained high viewership, and (2006–2007), an adaptation emphasizing revenge and justice. By the mid-2010s, shifted toward shorter "superseries" formats, reducing traditional production while maintaining output through anthologies like Lo que callamos las mujeres (2017–present), which tackles women's experiences in episodic stories. Reality programming has driven recent successes, including (premiered 2002), a singing talent contest that launched multiple artists and achieved top ratings in its early seasons by fostering viewer voting and eliminations. More recently, Survivor México (2021–present) and La Isla (multiple seasons, with the eighth in 2024 adapting international challenges) have capitalized on survival and competition elements, contributing to Azteca Uno's competitive edge in prime-time slots. Variety shows like Venga la Alegría (morning block since 2006) and gossip program Ventaneando further anchor daily entertainment, blending celebrity news with light-hearted segments to retain daytime viewers.

News Broadcasting and Journalism

Azteca Noticias, the news arm of Azteca Uno, produces the Hechos newscasts through its Fuerza Informativa Azteca (FIA) division, which has operated for over 30 years as of 2024. The flagship evening edition, Hechos Noche, airs at 9:00 p.m. and focuses on national and international events, emphasizing reports on , , and political in . Anchored by Javier Alatorre since the program's inception in the , it features on-the-ground investigations and commentary segments critiquing institutional failures. Other daily editions include Hechos AM for morning coverage and Hechos Meridiano for midday updates, alongside weekend variants like Hechos Sábado and Hechos Domingo. In terms of audience reach, Hechos Noche consistently ranks among Mexico's top news programs, drawing an average of 2.5 million viewers in 2024, though it trails leaders like 's En Punto in overall ratings. Hechos AM averaged 1.07 million viewers in early 2025 measurements, reflecting steady but competitive performance in a market dominated by duopolistic broadcasters. These figures underscore Azteca Uno's role in providing alternative coverage to , often highlighting underreported issues like influence and governmental opacity amid Mexico's high risks for journalists, where over 100 have been killed since 2000. TV Azteca's journalistic output, including Azteca Uno's news, exhibits a lean-right according to bias assessments, characterized by skepticism toward left-leaning policies and alignment with pro-business perspectives influenced by owner . While praised for breaking stories on —such as exposés on mismanagement—this approach has drawn for incorporating elements, celebrity-driven segments, and editorial slants favoring private enterprise over regulatory interventions. In a context of concentrated media ownership, where and control over 90% of broadcast reach, Azteca's reporting contributes to pluralism but remains shaped by commercial imperatives and owner interests rather than detached neutrality.

Sports and Special Events Coverage

Azteca Uno features sports programming produced by , TV Azteca's dedicated sports unit, which airs select live events and highlights on the channel, often sharing major broadcasts with Azteca 7. The network holds open-television rights to matches involving up to six clubs, including regular-season games and postseason playoffs for teams under its portfolio. In the Apertura 2024 season, for example, transmitted all semifinal matches (ida and vuelta), drawing significant viewership for high-stakes encounters like those involving and . These broadcasts emphasize national football, with Azteca Uno prioritizing marquee fixtures to compete with Televisa's coverage of its eight allocated teams. The channel also covers through TV Azteca's multi-year NFL partnership, broadcasting regular-season games and international series matches played in , such as those at . This agreement, renewed periodically since the early 2000s, includes up to three games per week across TV Azteca networks, with Azteca Uno handling prime-time slots for popular matchups to capitalize on the sport's growing fanbase south of the border. receives prominent airtime for select high-profile bouts, complementing Azteca 7's weekly Box Azteca series; Azteca Uno has aired title fights and undercards featuring Mexican champions, such as those involving in past cycles, though recent emphases lean toward Azteca 7 for routine events. Special events on Azteca Uno extend beyond routine sports to include national team qualifiers and friendlies when rights are secured jointly with Televisa through 2026, though the network notably lacks FIFA World Cup transmission rights for the 2026 tournament hosted in part by Mexico. Coverage of non-sports specials, such as music awards like the Premios de la Radio, integrates sports-adjacent programming with celebrity athletes, broadcast live to broad audiences. Recent challenges include the loss of Saudi Pro League rights in 2025 due to upstream consolidations, reflecting TV Azteca's selective strategy amid financial pressures to retain core domestic sports assets.

Technical Infrastructure and Broadcast Reach

Transmitter Network and Signal Coverage

Azteca Uno's transmitter network is operated by through a system of owned-and-operated stations and repeaters that facilitate over-the-air broadcast across . The network comprises more than 300 stations, enabling the channel's primary signal, originating from the flagship XHDF-TDT in on virtual channel 1, to reach diverse geographic areas including urban centers and remote regions. This infrastructure supports terrestrial digital transmission, with coverage extending to approximately 90% of the national territory as part of 's overall broadcast operations. By 2020, TV Azteca's expanded its capabilities with 473 transmitters generating 893 signals, following the addition of new stations in , , and , which increased total coverage by 2%. Azteca Uno achieved formal national coverage status by 2019, joining six other channels in providing signal availability throughout , though actual reception depends on local , antenna quality, and digital transition progress. The network prioritizes high-power transmitters in key markets like Guadalajara, , and to ensure robust signal strength, supplemented by lower-power repeaters for fill-in coverage in underserved zones. Signal propagation relies on VHF and UHF frequencies allocated under concessions renewed by the Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones (IFT) in 2018, valid until 2038, which mandate maintenance of service quality and population reach thresholds. While primary focus remains domestic, border transmitters such as those in extend the signal into adjacent U.S. areas like , facilitating cross-border viewership. Technical enhancements, including directional antennas and error-correcting modulation, mitigate interference and support reliable delivery in varied terrains.

Transition to Digital and HD Broadcasting

Televisión Azteca began experimenting with high-definition () broadcasting in the early , conducting its first digital HD transmission in on December 16, 2003, during a live event that demonstrated the technology's capabilities to select audiences. This marked an initial step toward upgrading production and transmission infrastructure, with the company investing in HD facilities by 2005 to support sports and entertainment programming. By 2004, Azteca Trece (the predecessor to Azteca Uno) aired its first scheduled HD content, including the Oscar-winning film , signaling broader adoption for premium broadcasts. The shift to digital terrestrial television (DTT) aligned with Mexico's national policy, which accelerated the analog-to-digital transition via a 2010 presidential decree advancing the shutdown from 2021 to 2015. TV Azteca integrated DTT on its stations, including XHDF-TDT (Azteca Trece's Mexico City flagship), enabling HD simulcasts and multiplexing for additional subchannels. Regular digital broadcasts expanded post-2010, with HD becoming standard for main programming by the mid-2010s, improving signal quality and coverage through over 100 transmitters nationwide. The full analog shutdown occurred progressively, culminating in major markets by December 31, 2015, after which confirmed readiness for exclusive digital operations starting January 1, 2016, except for select public and border stations. In 2016, Azteca Trece's virtual channel in shifted from 13.1 to 1.1 in the digital , optimizing numbering for DTT receivers and paving the way for the 2022 rebranding to Azteca Uno while maintaining HD standards. This transition enhanced viewer access to HD content, though adoption required decoders for non-digital TVs, reaching an estimated 90% household penetration by 2016.

International Operations

Azteca Internacional and Global Distribution

Azteca Internacional serves as the international division of TV Azteca, managing the global export and distribution of programming from networks including . This unit oversees sales of TV Azteca's content library, which has reached over 100 countries through licensing agreements and platform integrations. The division operates multiple pay-TV channels tailored for international audiences, such as Azteca Internacional, Clic, Corazón, Cinema, Azteca Deportes Network, and Azteca UNO -1hr, distributed via cable, satellite, and streaming services. In the United States, following the cessation of operations on December 31, 2022, Azteca Internacional assumed exclusive distribution rights for TV Azteca's channels and content, providing access to approximately 40,000 hours of programming. It launched the Azteca Now streaming application in January 2023, targeting the over 52.5 million U.S. residents for whom Spanish is the primary language, with subsequent expansion to later that year. Globally, Azteca Internacional facilitates content delivery across , , , and other regions through deals with broadcasters, OTT platforms, and airlines. For instance, in September 2025, it expanded in-flight entertainment offerings to passengers on Iberia and flights. The flagship Azteca Internacional channel emphasizes family-oriented programming with broad coverage in and beyond, while specific agreements have enabled series and formats like Demencia and reality shows to reach Asian markets. TV Azteca's international footprint supports broadcasts in approximately 25 countries, bolstering the export of telenovelas, sports, and entertainment from Azteca Uno.

Export of Content and Co-Productions

TV Azteca exports programming from Azteca Uno, including telenovelas, entertainment shows, and series, primarily through Azteca Internacional, its division dedicated to international sales and distribution of Spanish-language content. In January 2023, Azteca Internacional secured exclusive rights to distribute 's channels and content , encompassing around 40,000 hours of programming targeted at the audience. This catalog features flagship Azteca Uno productions such as serialized dramas and reality formats, which have been syndicated across and the U.S. market via cable operators and streaming platforms. Co-productions form a key strategy for expanding exportable content, blending local Mexican elements with international partnerships to create adaptable formats. In October , TV Azteca announced a co-production deal with Israel's Keshet International for a 60-episode Spanish-language scripted series, aimed at broadening appeal in global markets. Similarly, collaborations with FremantleMedia yielded formats like Cocineros Mexicanos, a cooking competition that exemplifies TV Azteca's shift toward co-developed content with export potential following the 2018 closure of its in-house telenovela unit. These efforts prioritize emotional, culturally resonant storytelling rooted in Mexican identity, facilitating distribution to communities. Recent distribution agreements further enhance content reach, such as the February 2024 deal with , which integrated five channels into its free ad-supported streaming service, exposing Azteca Uno exports to broader digital audiences in and the U.S. In 2023, the launch of Azteca Now, an AI-driven streaming app in partnership with , provided U.S. viewers access to on-demand Azteca content, underscoring a pivot to digital exports amid traditional broadcast challenges. While 's international footprint lags behind competitors like in volume, these initiatives leverage co-productions and strategic alliances to sustain content monetization abroad.

Impact and Reception in Mexican Media

Breaking Televisa's Monopoly and Market Competition

The of Mexico's state-owned Instituto Mexicano de la Televisión (Imevisión) in marked a pivotal shift in the country's landscape, ending Grupo Televisa's longstanding monopoly on television. Under President Carlos Salinas de Gortari's administration, channels 7 (XHIMT-TDT) and 13 (XHDF-TDT) were auctioned off for a combined $650 million USD to businessman , who founded as the new operator. This transaction introduced the first private competitor capable of nationwide reach, challenging Televisa's control over approximately 90% of the audience and advertising market prior to . 's channel 13, rebranded as Azteca Uno in later years, emerged as the network's flagship for prime-time programming, directly confronting Televisa's channel. TV Azteca disrupted the market through aggressive strategies focused on cost efficiency and rapid content production, including low-budget telenovelas filmed in weeks rather than months, and innovative formats like reality competitions that minimized reliance on established stars. These tactics slashed advertising rates by up to 50% initially, attracting advertisers previously locked into Televisa's and fostering greater diversity in programming genres. By 1997, had captured roughly 30% of the audience share, compelling Televisa to adapt by reducing costs and expanding original content. The competition intensified in the early , with both networks vying for rights and news dominance, though their combined hold on 95% of the market by 2005 formed a duopoly rather than full fragmentation. Subsequent regulatory efforts, such as the 2013 telecommunications reform under President , aimed to further erode this duopoly by mandating content sharing and capping market shares at 50%, but and retained dominant positions. As of recent data, holds approximately 31% of the market, trailing 's 43% but ahead of newer entrants like at 21%. This rivalry has driven innovations in digital transitions and international exports, yet critics argue it perpetuates concentrated influence, with both networks maintaining close ties to political elites that predate . Despite these dynamics, the entry of undeniably lowered barriers for advertisers and expanded viewer options, contributing to a more competitive ecosystem than the pre-1993 era.

Audience Ratings and Cultural Influence

Azteca Uno has secured substantial audience share in Mexico's open television market, typically ranking second to Televisa's , with strong performance in news, reality competitions, and sports. Nielsen IBOPE México data indicate that its flagship news program, En Punto con , achieved a rating of 7.5 during the week of November 11–17, 2024, topping national TV news viewership. formats have driven peaks, such as Exatlón México, which placed tenth among Mexico's most-watched open TV programs in 2024, drawing millions through endurance challenges appealing to family audiences. Individual episodes, like those of Celebrity Generaciones in July 2025, outperformed Televisa counterparts on Sundays, capturing higher ratings via celebrity-driven culinary contests. Sports broadcasts further bolster ratings, with Azteca Uno frequently leading in national team matches; for example, it dominated viewership over during Mexico's soccer game against in September 2025. Overall, the channel's programming reaches approximately 99% of households, sustaining a competitive edge in a duopolistic market where it captures 20–30% of prime-time audiences through targeted content for women and families. These metrics, derived from Nielsen IBOPE's 28-city panel, reflect Azteca Uno's adaptation to viewer preferences amid streaming competition, though exact quarterly shares vary with seasonal events. In terms of cultural influence, Azteca Uno has shaped Mexican media consumption by pioneering reality television formats that emphasize personal ambition and competition, diverging from Televisa's telenovela dominance and fostering a shift toward interactive, talent-based entertainment since the early 2000s. Shows like La Academia introduced vocal talent contests that influenced youth culture, promoting self-improvement narratives and slang integration into everyday language. Social campaigns, such as Movimiento Azteca launched in the 2000s, have amplified civil society voices on issues like domestic violence and crime, prompting public discourse and behavioral awareness without relying on government mandates. By reflecting societal transformations—such as urban family dynamics and consumer aspirations—its content embeds commercial realism into daily viewing habits, contributing to a diversified media landscape that challenges monolithic storytelling. This reach has indirectly exported Mexican identity elements globally via co-productions, though domestic impact centers on normalizing aspirational formats over traditional melodrama.

Economic Contributions and Industry Innovations

Televisión Azteca, through its flagship channel Azteca Uno, plays a significant role in 's media as the second-largest broadcaster, generating substantial that supports broader economic activity. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the company's advertising sales in Mexico rose 30% to 5,065 million pesos, driven by heightened demand amid economic recovery, contributing to an overall quarterly sales figure of 5,203 million pesos. This , which forms a core part of the Mexican market—estimated at approximately 0.4% of GDP—bolsters sectors like retail and consumer goods by providing platforms for national campaigns, while Azteca Uno's daily reach of 20.4 million viewers amplifies its economic multiplier effect through content that promotes local businesses and events. The network's operations also sustain direct for around 1,921 workers as of 2022, fostering skills in production, broadcasting, and across and regional facilities. Azteca Uno has driven industry efficiencies by pioneering cost-effective content models post-privatization in 1993, challenging the prior monopoly and spurring competitive pricing in programming that lowered barriers for advertisers and reduced reliance on high-budget scripted formats. Innovations include the adoption of and live programming on Azteca Uno, which minimizes production costs compared to traditional telenovelas while maintaining high audience engagement, as evidenced by strategic shifts toward diversified genres that enhanced revenue stability during economic fluctuations. Technologically, the channel benefits from TV Azteca's broader upgrades, such as IP-based platforms enabling of 120 channels and workflow accelerations via tools like Dalet Galaxy, which reportedly sped up by a factor of ten, optimizing and enabling scalable content distribution. These efforts have positioned Azteca Uno as a benchmark for adaptability in television, with expansions into digital alliances and content optimization platforms like Mediastream—replacing multiple legacy providers—to streamline operations and cut overheads, ultimately enhancing the Mexican broadcasting sector's resilience against streaming disruptions.

Controversies and Criticisms

Privatization Process and Allegations of Cronyism

In 1993, amid President Carlos Salinas de Gortari's neoliberal economic reforms, the Mexican government initiated the of the state-owned Instituto Mexicano de la Televisión (Imevisión), which operated national channels 7 and 13 due to chronic underfunding and operational inefficiencies that consumed 65-80% of its budget on payroll alone. The involved parceling Imevisión's assets into separate companies and conducting a public auction to sell the primary broadcasting concessions, aiming to foster against Televisa's dominant market position. On July 19, 1993, a led by , head of electronics retailer Elektra, secured the bid for the core assets—primarily channels 7 and 13—for $641 million, an outcome described as an upset given the bidders' lack of prior media experience. This acquisition formed , S.A. de C.V., with channel 13 rebranded as Azteca 13 (later Azteca Uno), marking the entry of a second major private broadcaster into Mexico's television landscape. The privatization sparked allegations of cronyism and procedural favoritism, particularly from political opponents and media rivals who contended that the Salinas administration's broader sell-off of state assets undervalued public resources and benefited connected business figures, with Salinas Pliego's win questioned for its financing sources and perceived alignment with the ruling PRI party's interests despite no direct familial ties to the president. Critics, including elements within , highlighted potential irregularities in the auction amid the era's high-profile corruption scandals involving figures like Raúl Salinas de Gortari, though such claims often blurred into inter-network rivalries rather than substantiated evidence specific to the TV bid. In 1996 congressional hearings, Salinas Pliego testified defending the transaction's legitimacy, asserting no occurred. A subsequent federal commission investigation concluded that the privatization entailed no serious irregularities, attributing the deal's structure to standard mechanics rather than manipulation. These findings, echoed in contemporaneous reporting, underscored the process's adherence to bidding protocols, though lingering skepticism from leftist critics framed it within systemic critiques of 1990s privatizations as enabling without robust antitrust safeguards. Salinas Pliego has consistently rejected charges, positioning the acquisition as a competitive market entry that injected efficiency into a moribund state entity.

Content Sensationalism and Political Influence Claims

TV Azteca, the parent company of Azteca Uno, has faced longstanding accusations of prioritizing sensationalist content, particularly in its news and infotainment programming, to boost ratings amid competition with Televisa. In 1997, the network abruptly canceled its tabloid-style crime news program Ciudad Desnuda following public and regulatory pressure over its graphic depictions of urban violence. Similarly, in 1999, TV Azteca axed the violent newsmagazine Lo Que Pasa, Pasa after complaints from government officials, including President Ernesto Zedillo, who criticized the broadcaster's "graphic and sensationalistic coverage of crime" as contributing to public desensitization. Critics, including media analysts, have argued that such formats exploit violence for viewership, a pattern echoed in broader assessments of Mexican television's emphasis on crime sensationalism over substantive reporting. Owner Ricardo Salinas Pliego has countered these claims, asserting that labeling coverage of negative events as sensationalist ignores the media's duty to report realities rather than sanitize them for political comfort. Allegations of political influence in Azteca Uno's content center on claims of editorial bias favoring conservative or opposition viewpoints, with the network rated as leaning right in independent media bias assessments. During the 2012 presidential election, student protests targeted TV Azteca alongside for allegedly providing superficial and favorable coverage to (PRI) candidate , including downplaying anti-Peña demonstrations and amplifying supportive narratives. Reports have highlighted instances of networks, including , selling favorable election coverage to politicians, raising concerns over paid influence in programming decisions. More recently, Salinas has leveraged 's platforms to publicly challenge government policies, such as pressuring for economic reopenings during the 2020 , which critics viewed as using airtime for personal business interests over neutral journalism. These practices have fueled broader critiques of Mexico's TV duopoly exerting undue sway on and policy, with receiving significant government advertising allocations that some attribute to reciprocal political alignment. However, defenders argue such coverage reflects audience demand and counters perceived left-leaning biases in state-influenced media, rather than overt partisanship.

Recent Financial Turmoil and Programming Shifts

In 2021, Televisión Azteca, the parent company of Azteca Uno, halted interest payments on approximately $400 million in senior notes due in 2024, citing a sharp decline in advertising revenues triggered by the . This decision sparked prolonged legal disputes with international bondholders, who accused the company of selectively defaulting on foreign debt while servicing domestic obligations. U.S. courts dismissed involuntary Chapter 11 petitions against in 2023, ruling that the claims were subject to bona fide disputes under Mexican law. The debt, which ballooned to over $580 million including accrued interest by 2025, remained unresolved amid Mexican judicial protections sought by owner , who positioned the company as prioritizing local economic recovery over foreign creditors. On October 22, 2025, a federal tribunal revoked these protections, mandating payment to U.S. bondholders and exposing to potential asset seizures or further international enforcement. Salinas responded by reaffirming openness to negotiations, though creditors expressed skepticism about reaching an agreement given prior delays. This ruling intensified scrutiny on 's liquidity, with shares experiencing volatility and analysts highlighting risks from ongoing creditor litigation. Amid these pressures, TV Azteca implemented operational adjustments, including a strategic emphasis on lower-cost reality and competition formats over traditional high-production telenovelas to sustain Azteca Uno's schedule. Programs like Exatlón, a physical challenge reality series, were prioritized for renewal and expansion in late 2023 and 2024, aiming to maintain audience engagement with reduced budgetary outlays compared to scripted dramas. Concurrently, distribution disruptions emerged: in December 2024, pay-TV providers Izzi and Sky (affiliated with rival Grupo Televisa) announced the removal of Azteca Uno and affiliated channels from their lineups effective January 1, 2025, citing failed carriage renewal talks and potentially exacerbating revenue shortfalls through lost subscriber access fees. These shifts reflect broader industry challenges, including cord-cutting and advertising erosion, but were not explicitly attributed by TV Azteca to the debt crisis alone.

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  101. https://www.publimetro.com.mx/entretenimiento/2025/07/16/tv-azteca-supero-a-televisa-en-rating-el-pasado-domingo-cual-fue-el-programa-mas-visto/
  102. https://www.facebook.com/100063546012252/posts/confirmado-tv-azteca-sigue-dominando-a-televisa-en-se%25C3%25B1al-abiertanuevamente-ganar/1359901349471386/
  103. https://www.gruposalinas.com/es/Noticias/22621
  104. https://www.nielsen.com/about-us/locations/mexico/
  105. https://www.mexicohistorico.com/paginas/El-papel-de-TV-Azteca-en-la-industria-televisiva-mexicana.html
  106. https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2239&context=sourcemex
  107. https://www.nytimes.com/1993/07/19/business/big-mexican-retailer-wins-bidding-for-state-owned-tv.html
  108. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/1993-08-01/a-tv-coup-in-mexico
  109. https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/context/caps_thes_all/article/1345/viewcontent/CAPSTONE__Michelle_Ortiz_Neoliberalism_Privatization_and_Corruption_.pdf
  110. https://revistareplicante.com/regreso-a-la-privatizacion-de-tv-azteca/
  111. https://www.csmonitor.com/1996/0709/070996.intl.intl.4.html
  112. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1996/07/08/Mexican-TV-network-owner-testifies/6899836798400/
  113. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB854933440292691500
  114. https://variety.com/1999/tv/news/mexico-s-tv-azteca-axes-popular-violent-newsmag-1117503971/
  115. https://adage.com/article/news/mexican-broadcasters-kill-popular-crime-news-programs/12684/
  116. https://www.ricardosalinas.com/blog/What-can-you-do-for-Mexico
  117. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/enrique-pena-nieto-mexican-protest-televisa-tv-azteca-329266/
  118. https://truthout.org/articles/growing-mexican-student-protests-target-televisa-tv-azteca-over-coverage-of-presidential-campaign/
  119. https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/tv-azteca-says-it-has-been-notified-early-expiry-400-mln-notes-2022-08-08/
  120. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2024-02-27/mexican-tycoon-salinas-picks-up-another-fight-with-creditors
  121. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-11/mexico-s-tv-azteca-cites-court-ruling-to-skip-quarterly-filing
  122. https://www.wsj.com/articles/involuntary-bankruptcy-against-tv-azteca-dismissed-f3a2754a
  123. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPoGYnPUnQM
  124. https://ground.news/article/court-revokes-precautionary-measures-that-prevented-foreigners-from-collecting-debit-of-580-mdd-to-banco-azteca
  125. https://www.jornada.com.mx/noticia/2025/10/15/economia/acreedores-de-tv-azteca-ven-posibilidad-muy-baja-de-acuerdo-por-deuda-de-580-mdd
  126. https://www.produ.com/english/noticias/tv-azteca-we-are-focused-on-increasing-the-channels-content-offer/
  127. https://ground.news/article/izzi-takes-aztec-tv-channels-out-of-its-programming
  128. https://www.sinembargo.mx/4534383/la-tele-mexicana-va-en-un-tobogan-al-abismo-sin-credibilidad-acumulan-perdidas/
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