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Dumbo (2019 film)
Dumbo (2019 film)
Dumbo (2019 film)
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Dumbo
Theatrical release poster
Directed byTim Burton
Screenplay byEhren Kruger
Based on
Produced by
  • Justin Springer
  • Ehren Kruger
  • Katterli Frauenfelder
  • Derek Frey
Starring
CinematographyBen Davis
Edited byChris Lebenzon
Music byDanny Elfman
Production
companies
Distributed byWalt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures
Release dates
  • March 11, 2019 (2019-03-11) (Los Angeles)
  • March 29, 2019 (2019-03-29) (United States)
Running time
112 minutes[2]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$170 million[3][4][5]
Box office$353.3 million[6]

Dumbo is a 2019 American fantasy period adventure film directed by Tim Burton from a screenplay by Ehren Kruger. It is an adaptation of Walt Disney's 1941 animated film Dumbo, which is based on the novel by Helen Aberson and Harold Pearl. Starring Colin Farrell, Michael Keaton, Danny DeVito, Eva Green, and Alan Arkin.

Plans for a live-action film adaptation of Dumbo were announced in 2014, and Burton was confirmed as director in March 2015. Most of the cast signed on for the feature in March 2017 and principal photography lasted from July to November 2017 in England. It was the first of five live-action adaptations of prior animated Disney films released in 2019, along with Aladdin, The Lion King, Maleficent: Mistress of Evil, and Lady and the Tramp.

Dumbo premiered in Los Angeles on March 11, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United States on March 29, 2019. The film grossed $353 million worldwide against a $170 million budget and received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the performances of DeVito and Keaton but criticized the script. Burton later confirmed that he would no longer work with Disney, referring to the studio as a "horrible big circus".[7]

Plot

[edit]

In 1919 Sarasota, Florida, equestrian performer Holt Farrier returns after World War I to his previous employer, the Medici Brothers' Circus. The circus has run into financial troubles; Ringmaster Medici reveals he was forced to sell his horses after Holt's wife, Annie, died from the Spanish flu outbreak. After Holt reveals that he lost his arm in the Battle of the Argonne, Medici instead hires him as the caretaker for Mother Ella Jumbo, the circus' pregnant Indian elephant. She gives birth to a calf with unusually large ears, and Medici orders Holt to hide them, fearing how the public might react to such a deformity.

However, the calf accidentally reveals his ears in his debut performance in Joplin, Missouri, and the crowd laughs and mockingly calls the calf "Dumbo" while pelting him with objects. Mrs. Jumbo, angered by her son's abuse, rampages into the ring, causing extensive damage, collapsing the big top, and accidentally killing Rufus, a sadistic handler. Anticipating public outrage over the incident, Medici sells Mrs. Jumbo. Holt's son and daughter, Joe and Milly Farrier, comfort Dumbo and discover that he can fly by flapping his ears and that feathers benefit his willingness to fly.

Dumbo is then forced to play the role of a firefighter clown tasked to put out a fire with water sprayed from his trunk, but the performance goes awry, and Dumbo is trapped on a high platform surrounded by flames. Milly delivers a feather to Dumbo, giving him the confidence to fly to safety. The audience is astounded, and word of his talent begins to spread. V. A. Vandevere, the wealthy owner of the Bohemian amusement park Dreamland, approaches Medici and proposes a collaboration: If Medici becomes Vandevere's business partner, the Medici Brothers' Circus' troupe will permanently be employed to perform at Dreamland.

Dumbo's debut performance at Dreamland with Vandevere's star performer, French trapeze artist Colette Marchant, quickly goes wrong when he nearly falls off a high platform and starts trumpeting in panic after realizing that there is no safety net available to prevent possible injuries and fatalities. Hearing his mother's response to his call and realizing that she was placed in an exhibit at Dreamland called Nightmare Island after being sold, he flies out of the circus ring and reunites with her, greatly disappointing the audience. Annoyed by Dumbo's disobedience and fearing the possibility of his mother becoming a distraction to him, Vandevere fires the Medici troupe and orders Mrs. Jumbo's exhibit to be shuttered to secure his sterling reputation.

When Holt and the Medici troupe learn that Vandevere intends to have Dumbo's mother killed and that it is no longer safe for the two elephants to live with them, they make plans to free both of them. The circus performers utilize their various talents to break Mrs. Jumbo out of her enclosure, while Holt and Colette guide Dumbo to fly out of the circus. Vandevere attempts to stop them but starts a fire by mishandling Dreamland's electrical system, which spreads and destroys the park. After Dumbo saves Holt and his family from the fire, they are joined by Colette and the rest of the troupe to bring Dumbo and his mother to the harbor, where they board a ship back to their native home in India.

Sometime later, the renamed Medici Family Circus is reestablished and flourishes with Colette as the newest troupe member, Milly as host of a science lecture exhibition, and performers dressed as animals, in line with the circus's new policy of not using wild animals in captivity for entertainment. It is implied that Vandevere was convicted of burning down his own park for the insurance money. Meanwhile, Dumbo and his mother reunite with a herd of wild elephants, who applaud Dumbo as he flies with joy.

Cast

[edit]
A head shot of a dark-haired, bearded man smiling behind a microphone
Colin Farrell stars as the film's protagonist for director Tim Burton. The additional main cast of Keaton, DeVito, Green, and Arkin all previously worked with the director.

Production

[edit]

Development and writing

[edit]
A head shot of a dark-haired, bearded man smiling
Tim Burton was selected as director in March 2015.

Early development for a live-action adaptation of Dumbo began in 2014, when Ehren Kruger gave producer Derek Frey a script for the film, which Frey gave the green light to.[1] On July 8, 2014, it was announced that the film was in development for Walt Disney Pictures. Kruger was confirmed as the screenwriter, and Justin Springer as a producer along with Kruger.[23] On March 10, 2015, Tim Burton was announced as the director.[24] On July 15, 2017, Disney announced Dumbo would be released on March 29, 2019.[25] The film features a different storyline from the original film's, though as star Colin Farrell described, "[t]he one central thing that holds true in both the original animation, the original cartoon" and the 2019 film, is the message of "believing in yourself and finding something inside you that allows you to become the best version of what you thought you could even be, and that we're all, regardless of the things that sometimes society says, should arrive us at being outcasts; they're the things that make us all individual, special, and beautiful regardless of how crippling a certain thing may be or how polarizing a certain physical attribute even may be."[26]

The film does not feature talking animals, focusing instead on the human characters.[27] Kruger wrote the script so that it "offered a way to tell that story in a framework that expanded it, but without redoing the original [film]", and a story that "was simple, with an emotional simplicity, and didn't interfere with what the basic through line of the original is about."[1] As in the original film, Dumbo depicts the protagonist as a symbolic figure who does not fit in and uses their disabilities as an advantage.[28] Kruger wrote the script in order to "explore how the people of the circus world would relate to Dumbo's journey",[1] while Springer said that "[the production team] really wanted to explore the human side of [Dumbo's] story and give it historical context. In the animated feature, Dumbo flies for the world at the end of the film. [They] wanted to find out how the world reacts when people learn that this elephant can fly".[1] The group of crows from the 1941 film that had been criticized as being racist were excluded from the film, and their dialogue was instead said by a ringleader character.[29]

Casting

[edit]

In January 2017, it was announced that Will Smith was in talks to play the father of the children who develop a friendship with the elephant after seeing him at the circus.[30] However, Smith later passed on the role due to scheduling conflicts with Bad Boys for Life, among other reasons.[31] He went on to be cast as the Genie in Disney's 2019 live-action film adaptation of Aladdin.[32] Bill Hader, Chris Pine and Casey Affleck were also offered the role, but passed on it before Colin Farrell was cast.[8] Farrell, a fan of Burton, chose to work on the film because "[t]he idea of [acting in] something as sweet and fantastical and otherworldly, while being grounded in some recognizable world that we can relate to, under the direction of [Burton], was a dream ... I've always been looking for something of that ilk."[33] Jenna Ortega auditioned for one of the film's roles when she was just fourteen years old, feeling extremely "gutted" at not securing the part due to her doubts on if she would ever have the chance to work with Burton again; Ortega ultimately went on to collaborate with Burton in the Netflix series Wednesday and the 2024 film Beetlejuice Beetlejuice.[34]

In March 2017, Burton's frequent collaborators, Eva Green[35] and Danny DeVito,[11] joined the cast as Colette, a trapeze artist, and Max Medici, the circus' ringmaster, respectively.[13] Due to her fear of heights, Green trained with aerialist Katherine Arnold and choreographer Fran Jaynes in order to prepare for the role.[1] In April 2017, another veteran of Burton's films, Michael Keaton, joined Dumbo, to complete the casting of prominent "adult" roles.[10] Tom Hanks was reportedly in discussions for the role before Keaton's casting.[30] Hanks would instead sign on for the role of Geppetto in Disney's 2022 live-action film adaptation of Pinocchio.[36] In the summer of 2017, DeObia Oparei, Joseph Gatt, and Alan Arkin joined the cast.[16][18][37] DeVito said that "[he loves] Tim and [he] would do anything to be in a movie with him."[33] He also said that Burton is "[a]lways spirited, always an artist, always thinking about the craft, always painting with his mind," and that he felt like "part of some kind of palette, a color scheme" while filming the movie.[33]

Filming

[edit]
A picture of two green airship sheds taken on a clear day
Cardington Airfield served as a filming location for the production.

Principal photography had begun by July 2017 in England, with most of the filming taking place at Pinewood Studios and Cardington Airfield.[1][38] Two elephant props were used during filming "to give [the production team] an idea of his size and his shape in the scene; an idea of the lighting, and that kind of thing; where he's going to be for camera."[39] Creature performer Edd Osmond used a green suit to represent the character while filming certain scenes, as well as an "interactive reference" for scenes that required the actors to be in contact with the character, and as a guide for Burton to use; with Burton later providing information of his performance to the animation team.[1] Unlike most remakes of Disney animations, Dumbo mostly used practical sets during filming.[40]

Production designer Rick Heinrichs designed the film's scenes in a way that represents both the film's story and the period setting. He stated that the film's story "provided a very specific period, but at the same time, having worked with Tim many times in the past, [he knows] that [Burton is] a little less interested in giving a history lesson as he is in the emotional story being told."[1] The "Dreamland" and circus scenes were designed differently in order to contrast them.[1] The production design crew were heavily influenced by the works of Edward Hopper, with Heinrichs stating that the team tried to create something similar to "[Hopper]'s reductive process of looking at environments and reducing it to its essence."[1]

Heinrichs also said that the production design team had "to push the reality—the live action—a bit into the storybook world. [They] certainly make the baby elephant look believable, but [they] also stylized our world, pushing it into an expressive direction with all of the lighting, costumes, props and environments."[1] Burton filmed the remake in sound stages, stating that "[f]or this kind of movie, shooting all indoors obviously helps with weather concerns and all those things. It's one movie where [they are] not sitting around, talking about the weather all day long."[1] The production team also created a full-scale version of the train "Casey Jr." from the original film, though it was visually redesigned in order to reflect the circus' state.[41] According to visual effects supervisor Richard Stammers, a motion base, which he described as "essentially a hydraulic round gimbal rig," was used for scenes in which Green's character flies with Dumbo, with hydraulic pistons used to simulate Dumbo's flying.[1]

Visual effects

[edit]

The visual effects were provided by Moving Picture Company, Framestore and Rise FX, with the help of Rising Sun Pictures and Rodeo FX. At Rodeo, to achieve the effects for the opening sequence of the train travelling through the country, augmented aerial footage was merged with matte paintings and computer-generated imagery. They would also do the effects of Holt's amputated arm by digitally recreating the character's costumes and the backgrounds obstructed by the sleeve.[42] The Third Floor, Inc., tasked primarily with creating the animals of the film, achieved the effects of humans flying on Dumbo using a 3D mold of the character and an animatronic mounted on a 6-axis gimbal.[43]

Music

[edit]
Further information: Dumbo (soundtrack)

On October 4, 2017, Danny Elfman was announced as the composer for the film's score.[44] He said that "[he and the production team] knew [they] would have to find a musical identity for Dumbo that was purely Dumbo."[1] Elfman developed "a very simple [main] theme" as Burton "feels it's a simple story."[1] Elfman also wrote background music for the film's scenes in the circus, and themes based on the characters' experiences.[1] He also wrote a theme for Medici and Vandevere which he described as "a bit of a wicked thing."[1] The score pays homage to Frank Churchill and Oliver Wallace's score from the original film.[1]

Arcade Fire's version of "Baby Mine" was released as a single on March 11, 2019.[45] The soundtrack was digitally released on March 29, 2019 and physically released on April 26, 2019.[46]

Release

[edit]

Theatrical

[edit]

Dumbo was released in the United States by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures on March 29, 2019.[47][48] It held its world premiere at the Ray Dolby Ballroom in Los Angeles on March 11, 2019. The European premiere was held at the Curzon Mayfair Cinema in London on March 21, 2019.[49] In a collaboration with Accenture Interactive, Disney set up a photo booth, using photography facial recognition, would give attendees at the 2019 South by Southwest festival an experience that would be based on the emotion expressed by the attendee. Disney spent around $120–140 million to market the film worldwide.[citation needed] A tie-in novelization of the film written by Kari Sutherland was published by Disney Publishing Worldwide on February 12, 2019.[50]

Home media

[edit]

Dumbo was released on DVD, Blu-ray, and Ultra HD Blu-ray on June 25, 2019.[51] The film was amongst several of Disney's then recent releases available to watch exclusively on their streaming service, Disney+, which was launched in November 2019.[52]

Dumbo was the No. 1 film on the Official Film Chart following its disc release in the United Kingdom.[53] In June 2019, it debuted at No. 1 on both the combined DVD and Blu-ray Disc sales charts, as well as the dedicated Blu-ray Disc sales chart. Blu-ray formats accounted for 75% of its total unit sales, with 9% of sales coming from the 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray edition.[54] In the week ending July 6, 2019, the film held onto the No. 1 spot on both the combined DVD and Blu-ray Disc sales charts, as well as the dedicated Blu-ray Disc sales chart.[55]

Reception

[edit]

Box office

[edit]

Dumbo grossed $114.8 million in the United States and Canada, and $238.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide $353.3 million.[6] It was estimated the film would have had to gross more than $500 million worldwide in order to break even, and with a combined production and advertisement budget of $300 million, Deadline Hollywood reported it ultimately lost money.[56][57]

In the United States and Canada, the film was released alongside The Beach Bum and Unplanned, and was projected to gross $50–65 million from 4,259 theaters in its opening weekend.[3][58] The film made $15.3 million on its first day, including $2.6 million from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $46 million, topping the box office.[59][60] The start was considered disappointing, given the $170 million budget and the Disney brand, with the blame put on the original film being 78 years old and the middling critical response versus poor marketing.[61] In its second weekend, the film dropped 60%, to $18.2 million, finishing third, behind newcomers Shazam! and Pet Sematary, and then made $9.2 million in its third weekend, finishing fifth.[62][63]

In other territories, Dumbo was projected to earn $80–90 million from 53 countries in its opening weekend, for a global debut of $137–155 million.[58] Similarly to its domestic market, the film underperformed, grossing $73.5 million for a worldwide $119.5 million.[64] Its largest markets were China ($10.7 million), Mexico ($7.2 million) and Japan ($2.4 million).[65] It earned $39.6 million in its second weekend overseas, for a running total of $137.5 million.[66] As of June 2019, its largest markets are the United Kingdom ($32.5 million), China ($21.9 million), Mexico ($21.6 million), France ($16.9 million), and Italy ($12.5 million).[67]

Critical response

[edit]

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film received an approval rating of 46% based on 375 reviews and an average rating of 5.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Dumbo is held partly aloft by Tim Burton's visual flair, but a crowded canvas and overstretched story leave this live-action remake more workmanlike than wondrous."[68] On Metacritic, the film has an average score of 51 out of 100, based on 55 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.[69] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale, and those at PostTrak gave it 3.5 out of 5 stars.[61]

A head shot of balding man with glasses smiling
A head shot of a white-haired man looking forward with hand resting against his face
The performances of Danny DeVito and Michael Keaton received praise from critics.

Writing for The A.V. Club, Katie Rife gave the film a "B−" and wrote "characters are just there to keep the story moving, to provide awestruck reaction shots as we move from oddly muted spectacle to agreeable callback to the heartwarming happy ending. And yes, these are all symptoms of the same relentless conformist drumbeat the film is critiquing in its script. But what's more Disney than Disney controlling the ways in which a filmmaker can critique Disney?"[70] David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter wrote: "The hopes of diehard Burton fans might have been stoked by the recruitment of Michael Keaton and Danny DeVito, totems of the director's more consistent days. But this is another frustratingly uneven picture, with thin characters—human and animal—that fail to exert much of a hold, reclaiming the story only toward the end. Up to then, the filmmaker's overstuffed visual imagination and appetite for sinister gloom all but trample the enchantment of a tale that, at heart, is simple and whimsical. The central failure to recognize those virtues lies also in Ehren Kruger's cluttered screenplay."[71] James Berardinelli from Reelviews called Dumbo "a perfectly adequate family film", rating it 3 out of 4 stars.[72]

Conversely, Owen Gleiberman of Variety lamented disappointment in the film, stating that the film "transforms a gentle and miraculous tale into a routine story by weighing it down with a lot of nuts and bolts it didn’t need".[73] For IndieWire, David Ehrlich gave split opinions on the acting, praising DeVito and Keaton's performances but criticizing Arkin's as "hilariously lazy" and stated it would invite the audience to "stop caring about the plot".[74] The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw gave the film one star out of five, lamenting that "Tim Burton's new Dumbo lands in the multiplex big top with a dull thud. It is a flightless pachyderm of a film that saddles itself with 21st-century shame at the idea of circus animals, overcomplicating the first movie, losing the directness, abandoning the lethal pathos, mislaying the songs and finally getting marooned in some sort of steampunk Jurassic Park, jam-packed with retro-futurist boredom."[75]

In 2022, Burton reflected negatively on the experience making the film stating: "The thing about Dumbo is that’s why I think my days with Disney are done, I realized that I was Dumbo, that I was working in this horrible big circus and I needed to escape. That movie is quite autobiographical at a certain level."[7] In 2024, Keaton said: "I was clueless on Dumbo. I sucked in Dumbo."[76]

Accolades

[edit]
Ceremony Category Recipient(s) Result Ref.
AACTA Awards Best Visual Effects or Animation Richard Stammers, Hal Couzens, Hayley Williams, Dennis Jones, Corinne Teng Nominated [77]
Alliance of Women Film Journalists Awards Time Waster Remake or Sequel Award Dumbo Nominated [78][79]
Art Directors Guild Awards Excellence in Production Design for a Fantasy Film Rick Heinrichs Nominated [80]
Golden Trailer Awards Best Animation/Family Walt Disney Pictures, Wild Card Nominated [81]
Best Animation/Family TV Spot Nominated
Best Animation/Family Poster Dumbo Nominated
Best Motion Poster Nominated
Saturn Awards Best Fantasy Film Nominated [82]
Best Production Design Rick Heinrichs Nominated
Best Music Danny Elfman Nominated
Visual Effects Society Awards Outstanding Effects Simulations in a Photoreal Feature Sam Hancock, Victor Glushchenko, Andrew Savchenko, Arthur Moody (for "Bubble Elephants") Nominated [83]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Dumbo (2019 film)

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Dumbo is a 2019 American live-action fantasy adventure film directed by and produced by , serving as a of the studio's 1941 animated feature of the same name. The story centers on a baby named Jumbo Jr., or "Dumbo," born with oversized ears to a struggling circus owned by Max Medici, who enlists former performer Holt Farrier and his children to care for the calf; upon discovering Dumbo's ability to fly, the circus experiences a revival, but entrepreneur V.A. Vandevere later recruits him for a grander entertainment spectacle at Dreamland. Written by , the film expands on the original's themes of celebrating differences, cherishing family, and pursuing dreams, while incorporating human characters and elaborate for its 112-minute runtime. Development of the remake began in 2011 when producer optioned the project, with attached as screenwriter in 2014 and signing on to direct in 2015, drawn to the story's underdog narrative and opportunities for visual storytelling. occurred from July to November 2017 at in and on location in , with extensive use of CGI for Dumbo and other animals, marking Burton's first Disney live-action remake after previous collaborations like Alice in Wonderland. The cast includes as Holt , a one-armed circus veteran; as the ambitious V.A. Vandevere; as the kindhearted Max Medici; and as the acrobatic Marchant, alongside newcomers and Finley Hobbins as Farrier's children, Milly and Joe. The production budget totaled $170 million, reflecting the film's ambitious blend of practical sets, aerial stunts, and digital effects supervised by Richard Stammers. Dumbo premiered at the in on March 11, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United States on March 29, 2019, distributed by . The film received mixed reviews from critics, earning a 46% approval rating on based on 372 reviews, with the consensus describing it as "more workmanlike than wondrous" despite its visual appeal and Burton's distinctive style. On , it holds a score of 51 out of 100 from 55 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reception, with praise for the performances and cinematography but criticism for a thin plot and deviations from the source material. Audience response was similarly divided, scoring 47% on and 5.8 on , often highlighting the emotional family elements and Dumbo's endearing portrayal via CGI. Financially, grossed $114.8 million in the United States and , and $238.4 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $353.2 million against its $170 million , making it a moderate success but underperforming compared to other live-action remakes. The opened at number one domestically with $45.2 million but faced competition from other releases, ultimately relying on international markets for profitability.

Synopsis

Plot

In post-World War I America, the struggling Medici Brothers Circus, owned by Max Medici, is on the brink of collapse as it tours the country. Returning war Holt Farrier, a former star equestrian performer who lost an arm in the conflict, rejoins the circus with his young children, science-enthusiast Milly and her brother Joe, after the death of their mother. Medici hires Holt to care for the circus's , , who soon gives birth to a calf with unusually large ears, whom the troupe nicknames "" after Jr. Dumbo faces immediate ridicule and mistreatment from the other elephants and circus performers, who mock his appearance and deem him a liability. When children taunt him during a show, causing him distress, Mrs. Jumbo intervenes protectively, accidentally injuring a spectator in the process; she is subsequently labeled dangerous and separated from Dumbo, locked away in a cage. Left in the care of Milly and Joe, who treat him kindly, Dumbo discovers his unique ability to fly when he instinctively flaps his oversized ears while holding a red feather in his trunk, allowing him to soar above the big top. The children encourage him to perform this feat publicly during a desperate circus show in , where Dumbo's flight captivates the audience with and music, revitalizing the circus's fortunes and earning widespread acclaim. The circus's success attracts the attention of ambitious entrepreneur V.A. Vandevere, owner of the lavish Dreamland amusement park on , who envisions as the centerpiece to launch his grand venture. Vandevere acquires the circus and relocates it to Dreamland, pairing Dumbo with elegant French aerialist Marchant for spectacular flying performances that make him an overnight sensation. However, Holt uncovers the dark underbelly of Vandevere's operation, including the exploitation of caged animals like Mrs. Jumbo and financial deceptions propping up the park. As Dumbo yearns for his mother, Holt, Milly, Joe, and Colette devise a plan to reunite them, leading to a climactic confrontation where Dumbo uses his flight to orchestrate an escape amid a devastating fire that engulfs Dreamland, exposing Vandevere's corruption. In the aftermath, the Medici Circus is restored to , free from exploitation, with fully integrated into the Farrier alongside Milly, Joe, and Holt, who embrace him as one of their own. The story emphasizes themes of , the perils of corporate greed, and the enduring power of bonds, culminating in a triumphant aerial display that reaffirms 's place in the world. Unlike the 1941 animated original, which focuses primarily on 's animal-centric journey with talking sidekicks like Timothy Q. Mouse and features musical numbers such as "When I See an Elephant Fly," the 2019 live-action adaptation expands the human characters' roles, eliminates all anthropomorphic animals and dialogue from beasts, and introduces a new subplot centered on Vandevere's predatory business empire to critique modern exploitation. The also alters the resolution by having remain with the circus rather than being recruited by the , and it omits controversial elements like and the "" hallucination sequence.

Cast

The principal cast of Dumbo (2019) features a mix of established actors and newcomers portraying the human characters in Tim Burton's live-action adaptation. leads as Holt Farrier, a one-armed former star horse trainer and circus performer who becomes the story's central figure after returning from war. His children are played by debut performers as Milly Farrier, the intelligent and compassionate daughter who forms a bond with the titular elephant, and Finley Hobbins as Joe Farrier, the younger son sharing in family responsibilities at the circus. portrays the antagonist V.A. Vandevere, a cunning entrepreneur who exploits Dumbo for his ambitious entertainment empire. Supporting roles include as Max Medici, the optimistic owner of the struggling Medici Brothers Circus who sees potential in . appears as Colette Marchant, a graceful French aerialist recruited to perform with the elephant. plays J. Griffin Remington, a shrewd banker providing financial backing to Vandevere's ventures. has a minor role as Pramesh Singh, the circus's snake charmer. The character of Dumbo, the baby elephant with oversized ears, has no dialogue and is rendered entirely through (CGI) by (MPC), though practical puppets and animatronic rigs were used on set to facilitate interactions with the actors. No voice actor is credited for Dumbo, emphasizing its non-verbal, expressive performance. The film features a total of 154 cast members, including numerous performers as circus ensemble and Dreamland extras.

Production

Development

In March 2015, announced the development of a live-action adaptation of its 1941 animated film as part of its ongoing slate of live-action remakes of classic animated properties. The project initially attached as a producer through his banner, with early discussions positioning him to portray the villainous ringmaster character, later renamed V.A. Vandevere in the final film. This announcement aligned with Disney's strategy to revitalize its intellectual properties through photorealistic reimaginings, following successes like Alice in Wonderland (2010). Early conceptualization traced back to 2014, when screenwriter , known for his work on the Transformers franchise, developed the initial script and pitched it to producer Derek Frey, who had been heading since 2001. Kruger's adaptation expanded the original 64-minute animated feature into a 112-minute , shifting the focus from an anthropomorphic animal-centric story to a human-driven drama set in a post-World War I circus environment. In March 2015, was announced as director, bringing his signature gothic fantasy aesthetic to blend family adventure with darker undertones of isolation and acceptance; this marked his second Disney live-action remake after Alice in Wonderland. Burton's involvement emphasized practical sets combined with CGI for the titular elephant to enhance emotional realism. Key creative decisions under Burton and Kruger centered on a live-action format that prioritized human characters' arcs—such as a struggling circus family—while minimizing anthropomorphic elements, including the removal of talking animals and original songs to ground the story in a more realistic tone. The screenplay highlighted themes of animal rights and corporate exploitation, portraying the circus industry's abuses through Dumbo's journey from mistreatment to liberation, drawing parallels to real-world critiques of animal performances in entertainment. This approach influenced the estimated $170 million , which accommodated Burton's elaborate visual style, including custom designs for Dumbo's appearance to evoke empathy without overt fantasy. The development timeline progressed from Kruger's 2014 script concept through iterative refinements, with the screenplay finalized by early 2017 ahead of starting in October 2016 and commencing in June 2017 at in .

Casting

Principal casting for began in early 2017, with entering negotiations in March to portray circus owner Max Medici. In April, joined in talks for the role of Holt Farrier, a former circus performer turned animal caretaker, while was attached as Colette Marchant, the aerial artist who partners with Dumbo. By July 2017, at Disney's D23 Expo, the studio officially announced the principal cast, including Michael Keaton as the ambitious entrepreneur V.A. Vandevere, who seeks to exploit Dumbo's talents. The lineup also featured newcomers Nico Parker and Finley Hobbins as Milly and Joe Farrier, Holt's children who discover and care for the young elephant. Parker, making her film debut at age 12, is the daughter of actress Thandiwe Newton and director Ol Parker; she auditioned alongside a stuffed animal to demonstrate her ease with wildlife, securing the role through open casting calls for young performers. Hobbins, also debuting, was selected from a London youth acting program. Green prepared extensively for her role as the high-flying , undergoing months of trapeze and aerial training to authentically capture the performer's physical demands, drawing on her background in physically intense roles. Supporting the ensemble were actors like as a Dreamland executive and as Pramesh Singh, the circus's snake charmer, adding layers of cultural representation to the diverse troupe of performers.

Filming

Principal photography for Dumbo commenced in June 2017 and concluded in November 2017, taking place entirely on soundstages in the United Kingdom to maintain control over lighting and environmental conditions. The production was primarily based at Pinewood Studios in Iver Heath, Buckinghamshire, England, where much of the circus sequences were shot, and at Cardington Studios (also known as Cardington Airfield) in Bedfordshire for larger exterior builds. This indoor approach allowed director Tim Burton to avoid weather-related disruptions that could have affected outdoor filming. Set construction emphasized practical elements to foster authenticity and support actor performances before visual effects integration. Production designer oversaw the creation of full-scale circus tents and stalls for the Medici Brothers Circus at Pinewood, including a detailed set replicating Casey Junior, while the expansive Dreamland —featuring a and whimsical structures—was built within the vast hangars at Cardington to evoke a storybook aesthetic. Burton prioritized these tangible environments to ground the film's fantastical elements in a sense of intimacy and realism. Filming presented logistical challenges, particularly in coordinating young performers with absent key characters and incorporating live elements. Child actors and Finley Hobbins, portraying Milly and Joe, had to convey emotional bonds with the fully CGI Dumbo, facilitated by a performer in a green motion-capture suit during takes. Live animals, including ridden by Colin Farrell's character, required careful handling to ensure welfare, with Farrell personally overseeing their treatment on set. Aerial sequences involving Eva Green's trapeze artist demanded rigorous safety protocols, including four months of training for Green on a hydraulic rig to simulate flights with the digital . With wrapping by late November 2017, the production shifted focus to , where teams began enhancing the practical footage.

Visual effects

The for Dumbo (2019) were a cornerstone of the film's production, transforming practical sets into a fantastical world through extensive work. The (MPC) served as the lead studio, delivering approximately 1,150 shots over two and a half years, from late 2017 through early 2019. These included the full CGI creation of Dumbo, designed as a realistic baby with oversized, expressive ears that blended anatomical accuracy with subtle cartoonish stylization, such as larger, rounder blue eyes to convey emotion without dialogue. MPC's artists hand-animated Dumbo's movements, using dynamic systems for his ears and trunk to simulate muscle-like flexibility and physics-based flapping during flight sequences. To achieve seamless interactions between Dumbo and live-action elements, MPC employed on-set references, including a for scenes like the bath sequence, which combined practical elements with digital enhancements for emotional details such as tears formed from simulated . techniques were utilized for aerial performances, particularly for actress Eva Green's character Colette Marchant riding Dumbo, captured on a six-axis motion base to match the CG elephant's movements. Crowd simulations powered the bustling circus environments, drawing from practical sets filmed at Pinewood and Cardington Studios as foundational plates. Innovations like MPC's proprietary Resolution skin simulation allowed for up to ten times more detailed wrinkle and texture rendering on Dumbo and other elephants, ensuring photorealistic animal behavior while maintaining the film's whimsical tone. Framestore contributed over 350 shots, focusing on the third-act aerial sequences and the elaborate Dreamland theme park environments, modeled after 1930s Coney Island with Tim Burton's signature surreal architecture. Their work encompassed the park's construction and fiery destruction in the climax, employing custom rendering pipelines for large-scale fire and smoke effects, alongside Nuke-based particle simulations for embers and collapsing structures to heighten the dramatic scale. DNEG provided stereo supervision and production support for select sequences, ensuring depth and immersion in the 3D presentation. The effort, involving more than 1,200 artists across studios, formed a significant portion of the film's $170 million , emphasizing hybrid techniques that integrated practical puppets with digital augmentation for believable animal realism.

Music

Score

The score for Dumbo (2019) was composed by , a longtime collaborator with director on films such as Edward Scissorhands (1990) and Alice in Wonderland (2010), who crafted approximately 90 minutes of original music to underscore the film's emotional and fantastical elements. Elfman's approach emphasized a blend of whimsy through playful circus-inspired motifs, tension in the narrative's darker sequences, and sweeping emotional crescendos that highlight themes of family and self-discovery, aligning closely with Burton's gothic-fantasy visual style. Central to the score are recurring themes that evoke the story's circus setting and Dumbo's journey, including calliope-like melodies for the carnival atmosphere, soaring string passages in cues like "Dumbo Soars" to represent the elephant's triumphant flight, and ominous industrial tones with choral undertones for the exploitative Dreamland sequences. Elfman developed Dumbo's primary theme as a bittersweet motif, initially written with sad cello and harp elements to convey vulnerability, which evolves into more uplifting variations throughout the film. The score was recorded in London during 2017–2019 at AIR Studios with an 85-piece orchestra and a 60-voice choir, conducted by Rick Wentworth and orchestrated by Steve Bartek, capturing the dynamic range needed for the live-action adaptation. Unlike the 1941 animated film's song-heavy structure, Elfman's score features an instrumental adaptation of "Baby Mine" as a tender orchestral underscore to emphasize maternal bonds in key scenes, alongside vocal renditions including one performed in the film by as Miss Atlantis, without relying on full vocal songs throughout. This orchestral focus allows for a more immersive, narrative-driven soundscape suited to the remake's expanded runtime and live-action spectacle. Elfman's contributions were recognized with a nomination for Best Music at the 2019 , praised for enhancing the film's poignant tone and Burton's signature aesthetic.

Soundtrack

The official soundtrack album for Dumbo (2019), titled Dumbo (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack), was released by on March 29, 2019, the same day as the film's theatrical premiere. Composed primarily by , the album consists of 29 tracks totaling 61 minutes, featuring orchestral score cues such as "The Homecoming," "Dumbo's Theme," and "Dumbo Soars," alongside two versions of the classic song "Baby Mine"—one performed by and an end-credits rendition by . The score was mixed by at Toast Studio in . Unlike the 1941 animated film's soundtrack, which incorporated full vocal songs like "When I See an Elephant Fly," the 2019 album excludes such elements and contains no new original songs, aligning with the remake's non-musical . The album was distributed in digital formats, as well as physical and vinyl editions, including a variant.

Release

Marketing

The marketing campaign for Disney's Dumbo began with an announcement at the D23 Expo 2017, where director appeared to introduce the project and confirm its March 29, 2019 release date, generating early buzz among Disney enthusiasts. A debuted on June 13, 2018, showcasing Burton's distinctive visual style with sweeping circus imagery and themes of family and , which quickly amassed millions of views online. This was followed by the official trailer on November 14, 2018, which highlighted the emotional core of Dumbo's journey and the live-action spectacle, further building anticipation through and television spots. Promotional partnerships extended the campaign's reach, including a merchandise line launched at the in early 2019 featuring Dumbo plush toys, apparel, pins, and journals to appeal to young audiences and collectors. In a thematic to the film's flying elephant motif, Disney collaborated with to unveil a custom-wrapped aircraft adorned with Dumbo artwork on March 6, 2019, which toured U.S. airports to promote the movie's themes of soaring dreams. The world premiere took place on March 11, 2019, at Hollywood's and adjacent in , where cast members including , , , , and walked the alongside young stars and Finley Hobbins, drawing media coverage and fan excitement. Disney's strategy focused on leveraging from the original while targeting multigenerational families and Burton's established fanbase, emphasizing the film's grand-scale visuals, emotional family reunion narrative, and avoidance of the original's dated stereotypes through modern CGI storytelling. The campaign incorporated digital trailers, TV advertisements, and experiential elements to highlight empowerment and belonging, positioning Dumbo as a heartfelt adventure distinct from Burton's darker projects. Minor controversy arose from some promotional events, such as mall appearances featuring live in costume, which animal rights groups argued contradicted the film's anti-circus-cruelty message; addressed concerns by underscoring the exclusive use of CGI animals in the movie itself to avoid real exploitation.

Theatrical

Following its world premiere on March 11, 2019, at the and adjacent Ray Dolby Ballroom in , attended by director and members of the cast including and , the film was theatrically released in the United States on March 29, 2019, distributed by . Internationally, Dumbo began its rollout on March 27, 2019, in select markets such as , , the , and , expanding to 46 territories by the end of the opening weekend and continuing through April 2019 in additional countries. The received a release on March 29, 2019, aligning closely with the U.S. debut. It was presented in 2D, , and formats to enhance the visual spectacle of its circus and flight sequences. Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures targeted audiences with a PG rating from the of America, citing peril/action, some thematic elements, and brief mild language, which ensured broad accessibility without significant content alterations for most international markets where equivalent certifications (such as PG or 6+ in various territories) were applied with minimal edits. The 112-minute runtime supported its appeal as a feature-length adventure, scheduled alongside other productions but avoiding direct competition with major blockbusters. By 2025, Dumbo has seen limited theatrical re-releases, primarily in archival contexts or specialized film festivals rather than widespread revivals.

Home media

The home media release of Dumbo (2019) began with its availability on digital HD platforms such as Amazon Video and iTunes on June 25, 2019, followed by physical formats including DVD, Blu-ray, and 4K UHD Blu-ray on the same date from Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. The physical editions featured bonus content, including behind-the-scenes featurettes like "Circus Spectaculars," which explored the cast's experiences and the film's themes of family, as well as "The Elephant in the Room" on character development and "Built to Amaze" detailing production design; additionally, nine deleted scenes and a blooper reel were included. The film became available for streaming on Disney+ upon the service's launch on November 12, 2019, as part of the initial content lineup that included recent Disney releases. It has remained accessible on the platform without reported removals through 2025, integrated into Disney+ subscription bundles such as those combining it with and ESPN+. Special editions included a Target-exclusive 4K UHD Blu-ray Collector's Edition with a limited-edition Filmmaker Gallery , emphasizing production insights, and an Ultimate Collector's Edition featuring additional and extras like extended circus-themed featurettes. International releases offered region-free Blu-ray variants to accommodate global markets, with some localized . In its first week of physical release, topped the NPD VideoScan sales charts for combined DVD and Blu-ray units , outperforming competitors like Captain Marvel and maintaining the No. 1 position the following week, contributing significantly to Disney's ancillary revenue streams.

Reception

Box office

had a of $170 million, with additional and distribution costs estimated at around $100 million, for a total investment of approximately $270 million. The film earned $45.99 million in its opening weekend in the United States and Canada across 4,259 theaters, topping the domestic box office but falling short of pre-release projections that anticipated $50–60 million. Its total domestic gross reached $114.77 million, while international markets contributed $238.40 million, resulting in a worldwide total of $353.17 million. Despite the global earnings, the film underperformed relative to its high costs, particularly amid a saturated family market featuring multiple Disney live-action and other competitors. According to Deadline Hollywood's analysis, Dumbo ultimately lost after accounting for shares, ancillary , and expenses.

Critical response

The live-action of Dumbo received mixed reviews from critics, who praised its visual elements while criticizing its narrative shortcomings. On , the holds a 46% approval rating based on 372 reviews, with the site's consensus stating that it is "held partly aloft by Tim Burton's visual flair, but a crowded canvas and overstretched story leave this live-action more workmanlike than wondrous." On Metacritic, it scores 51 out of 100 based on 55 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews. Critics frequently lauded the performances of as the circus owner Max Medici and as the villainous V.A. Vandevere, noting their charismatic portrayals that added energy to the human elements of the story. The visual spectacle, including the seamless CGI integration of the baby elephant and his emotional interactions with the human characters, was highlighted as a strength, with reviewers appreciating how Burton's distinctive stylistic flair brought a whimsical, gothic touch to the circus setting. For instance, of commended the film's adorable and earnest visuals, particularly the flying sequences that evoked wonder despite narrative flaws. However, the screenplay by drew significant criticism for its weak structure and lack of emotional depth, which many felt diluted the charm of the original by introducing unnecessary subplots and deviations that overburdened the simple tale. Human characters were often described as underdeveloped and stereotypical, failing to evoke the central to the story's themes of and family. of called the film a "flightless pachyderm," criticizing its blandness and pointless expansions that resulted in an overlong, underengaging narrative. Audience reception was similarly mixed but showed some divergence from critics, particularly among families. On , the film has an average rating of 6.2 out of 10 from over 87,000 users, with many family viewers appreciating its heartfelt moments and the endearing portrayal of Dumbo over the more analytical critiques. On , the audience score stands at 47%, reflecting a modest appreciation for its emotional core despite the divided critical response.

Accolades

At the 71st BMI Film, & Visual Media Awards in 2019, composer won the BMI Film Music Award for his original score to Dumbo. The film's production design was honored at the 24th Art Directors Guild Awards in 2020, where , along with supervising art director , senior art director Mark Harris, and art directors Andrew Bennett and Dean Clegg, received the Excellence in Production Design Award in the category. Dumbo earned nominations in genre and technical categories during the 2019–2020 awards season. At the in 2019, the film was nominated for Best Fantasy Film, Best Production Design (), and Best Music (). The 18th Awards in 2020 nominated the team of Sam Hancock, Victor Glushchenko, Andrew Savchenko, and Arthur Moody for Outstanding Effects Simulations in a Photoreal Feature for the "Bubble Elephants" sequence. Additionally, the film's marketing materials received a nomination for Best Animation/Family at the 20th in 2019. Despite praise for its and design, Dumbo did not receive any Academy Award nominations in 2020. Overall, the film accumulated 4 wins and 13 nominations across guilds, genre awards, and promotional honors. No significant additional accolades were bestowed on the film after 2020, as of 2025.

Legacy

In the 2020s, Dumbo (2019) has been frequently referenced in cultural critiques of Disney's live-action , exemplifying the formulaic approach that prioritizes spectacle over substance and yields mixed results. A 2023 examination positioned the film as a key in the shortcomings of these adaptations, noting how its expanded and reliance on diluted the original's emotional core without introducing meaningful innovation. By 2025, analyses continued to highlight it among Disney's more problematic remakes, contributing to broader fan disappointment with the studio's repetitive formula for updating classics. In 2024 interviews, reflected that his performance "sucked" and he felt he let director down, while Burton revealed he nearly retired after the film's production and release due to creative frustrations. The film's pioneering use of CGI for its characters advanced standards for photorealistic animation in family-oriented productions, building on techniques that informed subsequent Disney live-action efforts. Visual effects teams employed and detailed fur simulation to create expressive, empathetic creatures, setting a benchmark for integrating digital into live environments without relying on practical effects. This approach contributed to the evolution of animal rendering seen in later projects, emphasizing ethical alternatives to live while enhancing immersive storytelling. Reevaluations in the mid-2020s have praised Dumbo for rectifying elements of the 1941 original's racial insensitivity, particularly by excising the controversial —caricatured figures evoking stereotypes—and Black laborers, thereby avoiding direct perpetuation of harmful tropes. However, scholars and critics have faulted the for underutilizing its , resulting in a visually ambitious but narratively restrained that failed to fully capitalize on themes of difference and resilience. Its ongoing availability on Disney+ has helped sustain viewership through streaming, offsetting initial underperformance and keeping the film accessible to new audiences. Within Tim Burton's filmography, Dumbo represents a lighter, more family-friendly diversion, adopting a gentler tone that aligned with Disney's vision while showcasing his signature whimsical visuals in a less gothic context. The production's enduring merchandise, including plush toys and apparel, remains a staple in Disney parks and stores, perpetuating the character's appeal beyond the screen. Scholarly attention to the film remains limited compared to other remakes, focusing primarily on its role in Disney's adaptation trends rather than deeper thematic analysis.

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