Bob
Have a question related to this hub?
Alice
Got something to say related to this hub?
Share it here.
| Myzozoa | |
|---|---|
| |
| Myzozoa membrane structure | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Sar |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Clade: | Myzozoa Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2004 |
| Phyla | |
Myzozoa[1] is a grouping of specific phyla within Alveolata,[2][3] that either feed through myzocytosis, or were ancestrally capable of feeding through myzocytosis.[1]
It is sometimes described as a phylum, containing the major subphyla Dinozoa and Apicomplexa, plus minor subphyla.[4]
The term Myzozoa superseded the previous term Miozoa, by the same authority, and gave a slightly altered meaning.[1]
Within Myzozoa, there are four phyla:
The most closely related large clade to the myzozoans are the ciliates.[1] Both of these groups of organisms – unlike the majority of eukaryotes studied to date – seem to have a linear mitochondrial genome. Most other eukaryotes that have had their mitochondrial genomes examined have circular genomes. However, the taxonomic term Myzozoa specifically excludes ciliates[1] which are rather under the higher taxonomic rank Alveolata. Thus, Alveoata includes two large groups: Myzozoa and Ciliophora[5] plus the smaller groups discussed above.
All Myzozoa appears to have evolved from an ancestor that possessed plastids, required through endosymbiosis.[6]
The branching order within both Myzozoa and Protalveolata, is only partly understood. Three groups – the colpodellids, Chromerida and the Apicomplexa – appear to be sister clades.[7] Three other groups – the perkinsids, Syndiniales and Oxyrrhis are distantly related to the dinoflagellates.[8][9]
Perkinsus marinus and the Apicomplexa both have histones while the dinoflagellates appear to have lost theirs.[10]
Chromerida are ancestrally myzocytotic, on the basis of evidence for myzocytosis by the chromerid Vitrella brassicaformis.[11]
