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Mohammed Namadi Sambo Listenⓘ GCON (born 2 August 1954) is a Nigerian politician who served as the vice president of Nigeria from 19 May 2010 to 29 May 2015. He previously served as governor of Kaduna State from 2007 to 2010.[1]

Key Information

Early life

[edit]

Mohammed Namadi Sambo was born on 2 August 1954 in Zaria, then Northern Region, he attended Baptist Primary School in Kakuri, Kaduna, before attending Kobi Primary School in Bauchi and Towns School No. 1 in Zaria. From 1967 until 1971, he attended Government Secondary School (now Alhuda-Huda College), in Zaria.

Education

[edit]

Sambo attended the School of Basic Studies at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria in 1972, after which he joined its Department of Architecture, graduating in 1976 with a bachelors degree with honours (BSc (Hons)). He also holds a master's degree in architecture.

Early career

[edit]

Sambo served with the Oyo State Ministry of Works and Housing for the National Youth Service Corps up to August 1979.[2] He then went into private practice as an architect. In 1988, he was appointed Commissioner for Works, Transport and Housing in Kaduna. In 1990, Sambo left the service of the Kaduna State Government and went back to private practice.

Governor of Kaduna State (2007–2010)

[edit]

In May 2007, Sambo assumed office as Governor of Kaduna State after winning the 2007 Kaduna State gubernatorial election held on 14 April. His term ended on 19 May 2010, when he was sworn in as vice president of Nigeria. Sambo had an 11-point agenda as governor that was to focus on empowering the youth and women of the community and to address security of the state.[2] While still serving as governor, he was picked by then president of Nigeria, Goodluck Jonathan, to become the vice president.

Vice President of Nigeria (2010–2015)

[edit]
Seal of the vice president

Following the death of President Umaru Yar'Adua, Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in as the president and nominated Sambo as vice president. His official correspondence conveying the nomination of Sambo for the vice-presidential position was received by the National Assembly on 15 May 2010. On 18 May 2010, the National Assembly approved the nomination.[3][4] On 19 May 2010, Namadi Sambo was formally sworn in as the vice president of Nigeria, serving in office until 29 May 2015 with his senior special adviser Umar Sani.[5][6]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Namadi Sambo

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Mohammed Namadi Sambo GCON (born 2 August 1954) is a Nigerian and who served as the ninth from 19 May 2010 to 29 May 2015 under President . Prior to his national role, Sambo was Governor of from 2007 to 2010, having earlier held positions as commissioner for agriculture in 1986 and for works, transport, and housing in 1988. Born in , , Sambo received his primary education at Baptist Primary School in Kakuri, Kobi Primary School in Bauchi, and Towns School No. 1 in , followed by secondary schooling at Government Secondary School (now ) in from 1967 to 1971. He then studied architecture at , obtaining both a BSc (Hons) and a . As an , he contributed to designs such as the Yankari Games Reserve Holiday Resort. During his governorship, Sambo launched "Operation Yaki," a security initiative aimed at curbing thuggery and crime in . As , he chaired the National Economic Council, influencing federal economic strategies and development policies. Sambo's tenure, however, drew scrutiny, including allegations of inadequate provision of social amenities, questions over his state of origin—which he publicly denied as controversial—and post-office raids by the (EFCC) on his properties and office in connection with broader investigations into arms procurement and corruption under the prior administration.

Early Life and Background

Childhood and Family Origins

Mohammed Namadi Sambo was born on 2 August 1954 in , , . He grew up in a large Muslim as the fifth of ten children. His father, Mallam Sambo, was an Islamic scholar who provided an environment shaped by religious and scholarly influences. Sambo spent his early years in Zaria, a historic center of learning in northern Nigeria, where family life emphasized Islamic values and education.

Formal Education and Qualifications

Namadi Sambo attended Baptist Primary School in Kakuri, , for his early education. He completed at Government in , earning his West African School Certificate in 1971. In 1972, Sambo enrolled in the School of Basic Studies at (ABU) in Zaria, which prepared him for undergraduate admission. Sambo then pursued studies in the Department of Architecture at ABU, graduating with a bachelor's degree in architecture (B.Sc.) with honors in 1976. He obtained a master's degree (M.Sc.) in architecture from the same institution in 1978, qualifying him as a registered architect.

Pre-Political Career

Professional Work as an

Sambo established a private architectural practice following his postgraduate studies, founding the , which later rebranded as Coplan Associates, a consultancy firm focused on , , and services. Coplan Associates secured contracts for public infrastructure projects, including the design and supervisory oversight of upgrades to the Yankari Games Reserve Holiday Resort in Bauchi State during the 1980s. Sambo's firm also contributed to efforts, such as the development of the Bauchi town master plan. In addition to domestic assignments, the firm provided consulting services to international bodies like the World Bank and state governments on architectural and engineering initiatives. These projects underscored Sambo's transition from academic training to applied professional practice in Nigeria's northern region, emphasizing practical design and construction management prior to his entry into appointed public roles in 1988.

Initial Public Service Roles

Sambo entered public service in in 1986 as Commissioner for Agriculture and Natural Resources, where he served for approximately three years, focusing on agricultural development initiatives during a period of in . In 1988, he was appointed Commissioner for Works, Transport, and Housing, a role he held until 1990, overseeing infrastructure projects including road construction, transportation systems, and housing policies amid the state's economic constraints under military rule. These positions marked Sambo's transition from private architectural practice to government administration, leveraging his professional expertise in urban planning and development; however, detailed records of specific policy outcomes or projects from this era remain limited due to the transitional military governance context. In 1990, Sambo resigned from public service to establish his private architectural firm, Environmental Design Associates (later rebranded as Coplan 2000), temporarily stepping away from politics before his return in the democratic era.

Governorship of Kaduna State (2007–2010)

Election to Office and Political Rise

Mohammed Namadi Sambo's political ascent within the People's Democratic Party (PDP) in positioned him as the party's nominee for the 2007 gubernatorial election, leveraging his prior administrative experience as a state commissioner under Governor . Backed by Makarfi's influence, Sambo secured the PDP ticket amid intra-party dynamics favoring continuity from the incumbent administration. The election occurred on April 14, 2007, with Sambo declared the winner by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), reflecting PDP's dominance in the state at the time. Opponents challenged the results, alleging irregularities common to Nigeria's 2007 polls, but the Kaduna State Election Tribunal dismissed the petitions on April 19, 2008, upholding Sambo's victory and affirming his eligibility based on the submitted evidence and vote collation processes. Sambo was sworn in as on May 29, 2007, marking the start of his tenure focused on and development initiatives. This success elevated his profile nationally within PDP circles, setting the stage for his later federal role.

Key Policies and Infrastructure Initiatives

Sambo's administration in was guided by an 11-point agenda announced upon his inauguration on May 29, 2007, which prioritized rehabilitation, enhancement, educational expansion, and healthcare improvements alongside and economic diversification. In , Sambo initiated the New Kaduna City project aimed at urban restructuring and modern development, attracting a $350 million commitment from Rosehill Group Limited by , with phase one design completed by January 2009. He also oversaw contracts for 62 solar-powered water boreholes valued at N472 million across Kaduna metropolis, , and other areas, awarded in September 2007 to address rural and urban water scarcity. Additionally, the Regional Water Scheme was launched to deliver 150 million liters per day, with major components completed by May 2010. Key educational policies included securing $20 million from the to construct six science secondary schools, enhancing STEM access, and supporting infrastructure upgrades at through TETFund allocations. In healthcare, Sambo introduced a free maternal and child program covering pregnant women and children under five, aimed at reducing mortality rates, and began of a 300-bed specialist in Kaduna Millennium City, reaching 67% completion by May 2010. These initiatives reflected a focus on foundational public services, though road efforts were noted generally without specified kilometerage or major arterial projects documented in primary sources from the period.

Security and Social Challenges

During Namadi Sambo's governorship, grappled with persistent security threats rooted in ethnic and religious divisions, exacerbated by competition over political power and resources between Muslim-majority northern areas and Christian-dominated southern regions. Although no large-scale riots on the scale of earlier events in or erupted, underlying tensions simmered, with sporadic communal clashes and crime contributing to instability. Sambo attributed much of the insecurity to failures in protecting , alongside widespread and , which he highlighted as key drivers in an October 2007 address. To counter these threats, Sambo launched Operation Yaki, a state-level initiative aimed at addressing internal crimes such as armed robbery and ethno-religious disputes through enhanced vigilance and rapid response. This outfit was praised for stabilizing the state and was continued by subsequent administrations, including those of and , demonstrating its effectiveness in curbing immediate threats. By May 2010, amid fears of unrest following Sambo's nomination as vice-presidential candidate, authorities intensified measures across to preempt potential violence linked to his political elevation. Social challenges compounded security woes, with high poverty and unemployment rates fostering vulnerability to unrest. In 2010, Kaduna's unemployment stood at 12.4%, reflecting broader northern Nigerian trends where youth idleness fueled recruitment into criminal or militant activities. Poverty incidence in Nigeria reached 54.4% nationally by 2009, with Kaduna—as a northern state—experiencing rates around 52% for core poor populations, limiting access to education and economic opportunities and perpetuating cycles of marginalization. These socioeconomic pressures, intertwined with communal animosities, underscored the need for integrated governance responses beyond reactive policing.

Criticisms of Governance and Corruption Allegations

In 2009, the established an investigative panel into councils amid multiple petitions alleging abuse of office and financial impropriety by council chairmen and officials during Sambo's administration. The probe highlighted issues such as irregular contract awards and misuse of council funds, with one prominent case involving Hussain Jalo, Sambo's political adviser and former Igabi chairman, who faced prior EFCC scrutiny for multi-billion naira scandals in related roles. Critics argued that Sambo's selection of such aides reflected inadequate oversight, enabling systemic graft at the local level despite his administration's infrastructure focus. A major corruption allegation surfaced in May 2010, shortly after Sambo's nomination as vice-presidential candidate, when Kaduna-based lawyer Sadau Garba petitioned the (EFCC), claiming Sambo misappropriated N153.6 billion in state funds through inflated contracts and diversions during his governorship. Garba alleged the funds were siphoned via fictitious projects and payments to cronies, citing discrepancies in Kaduna's financial records from 2007 to 2010. The EFCC acknowledged receipt of the petition but stated it could not immediately verify the claims, and no formal charges were filed against Sambo over the matter. Garba later claimed state security agents pursued him in retaliation, prompting him to seek protection from then-President . These episodes fueled opposition narratives of governance lapses, portraying Sambo's PDP-led administration as tolerant of entrenched patronage networks that undermined fiscal accountability in , a northern state plagued by resource constraints. However, defenders attributed the probes to political rivalries ahead of the elections, noting the absence of judicial convictions and Sambo's emphasis on technocratic reforms over populist spending. No comprehensive reports from the era substantiated widespread directly traceable to Sambo, though the allegations persisted in media and partisan discourse.

Vice Presidency of Nigeria (2010–2015)

Selection and Assumption of Office

Following the death of President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua on May 5, 2010, Vice President Goodluck Jonathan assumed the presidency in accordance with Nigeria's constitution, creating a vacancy in the vice presidential office. On May 13, 2010, Jonathan nominated Kaduna State Governor Mohammed Namadi Sambo to fill the position, selecting him to restore regional and religious balance in the executive, as Sambo hailed from northern Nigeria and was a Muslim, contrasting Jonathan's southern Christian background. Sambo, viewed as a relatively low-profile administrator without deep entanglements in national power struggles, resigned his governorship on May 18, 2010, ahead of the confirmation process. The Nigerian conducted screening hearings, with the unanimously approving Sambo's nomination in a three-minute vote, followed by confirmation from the on May 18, 2010. This swift legislative endorsement reflected Sambo's uncontroversial profile and the political imperative to stabilize the executive branch amid ongoing uncertainties. Sambo was formally sworn in as by Aloysius Katsina-Alu at the Presidential Villa in on May 19, 2010, marking the rapid transition to a complete . In preparation for the April 2011 , Jonathan retained Sambo as his on the People's Democratic Party ticket, emphasizing continuity and the established north-south equilibrium. The Jonathan-Sambo pair secured victory with 57% of the vote on April 16, 2011, against main opposition candidate . They assumed office for a full term on May 29, 2011, with Sambo's vice presidency thus extending through the elected mandate until May 29, 2015. This dual-phase assumption—initial appointment followed by electoral affirmation—underscored Sambo's role in bridging factional divides within the ruling party and the nation.

Administrative Roles and Policy Contributions

As , Namadi Sambo chaired the National Economic Council (NEC), which comprised all state governors, the Central Bank Governor, and key federal economic officials, advising the President on coordination and implementation. In this role, he facilitated discussions on , resource allocation, and development initiatives, including efforts to harmonize state and federal economic strategies amid Nigeria's oil-dependent economy. Sambo also served as Chairman of the National Council on Privatisation, overseeing the 2013 divestment of power distribution companies (DisCos) and generation assets from the state-owned , aiming to attract private investment and improve electricity supply. He formally handed over physical assets for 14 entities as part of this , which involved sales totaling billions of naira, though subsequent performance critiques have highlighted persistent sector challenges like inadequate upgrades. Additionally, Sambo chaired the National Council on Small and Medium Enterprises, inaugurated in September 2014 to promote SME growth through policy recommendations on funding, training, and , aligning with broader administration goals to diversify the beyond oil. His involvement extended to supporting the Subsidy Reinvestment and Empowerment Programme (SURE-P), which redirected fuel subsidy savings into youth employment and infrastructure projects, including road rehabilitation and agricultural interventions. Through these positions, Sambo contributed to federal oversight of , such as influencing the completion of the Kaduna-Abuja railway line and power stations like Kudendan (215 MW capacity), though these outcomes were part of collective government efforts rather than solely attributable initiatives. Overall, his administrative focus emphasized economic stabilization and involvement, amid a period of GDP growth averaging 6-7% annually from 2010-2014, driven partly by non-oil sectors.

National Security and Economic Context

During Namadi Sambo's vice presidency from 2010 to 2015, Nigeria confronted a rapidly escalating crisis driven by the . The Islamist militant group, which initiated armed rebellion in 2009 following the of its leader Mohammed Yusuf, intensified operations across the northeast, conducting bombings, kidnappings, and assaults on civilians, schools, and military installations. By 2014, had emerged as the world's deadliest terrorist organization, responsible for over 6,000 deaths that year alone, including the abduction of 276 Chibok schoolgirls in April, which drew international condemnation. The Nigerian military's response was hampered by internal challenges, including allegations of abuses and inadequate intelligence, leading to declarations of states of emergency in Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe states in May 2013. Sambo, in his capacity as , supported initiatives like the National Identity Management System (NIMS), which he described as essential for enhancing security through better tracking of threats and economic participants. The insurgency's toll extended beyond direct casualties, displacing over 1.5 million people by 2015 and straining federal resources, with exploiting porous borders and local grievances over poverty and failures. Government counterterrorism efforts, including joint operations with regional partners like and from 2014, achieved limited territorial gains but failed to curb the group's adaptability, as it splintered into factions and adopted guerrilla tactics. Sambo's involvement included coordination with security agencies on reforms to bolster stability, though the vice president's role remained largely advisory under President Goodluck Jonathan's direct oversight of defense matters. Economically, the period marked sustained expansion amid global oil price highs, with Nigeria's GDP growing at an average annual rate of approximately 6% from to , driven by exports that accounted for over 90% of foreign exchange earnings. Real GDP increased from $367 billion in to $494 billion in following a rebasing exercise that adjusted methodologies to reflect service sector contributions, briefly positioning as Africa's largest economy. As chairman of the National Economic Council, Sambo facilitated federal-state coordination on development policies, including investments in and to promote diversification beyond dependency. Despite growth, structural vulnerabilities persisted, including high (around 24% youth rate by 2014), averaging 10-12%, and recurrent power shortages limiting industrial output to below 4,000 megawatts. Oil revenue windfalls enabled programs like the Subsidy Reinvestment and Empowerment Programme (SURE-P), which redirected subsidy savings to and , but these were marred by scandals, such as the $20 billion unaccounted subsidy funds revealed in 2012 audits. Sambo advocated for job-creating investments and fiscal prudence, yet the economy's overreliance on volatile crude prices foreshadowed contraction when global benchmarks fell below $50 per barrel by late 2014.

Involvement in Major Scandals and Criticisms

During his vice presidency, Namadi Sambo faced accusations of dereliction of duty for failing to convene meetings of the (), a body he chaired under Section 153 of the 1999 Constitution and which advises the president on economic affairs, agriculture, industrial development, and related matters. In February 2014, Senator Olubunmi Adetunmbi publicly criticized Sambo for neglecting this responsibility, highlighting that the had not met for the fifth consecutive time despite pressing national economic challenges, including the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation's alleged failure to remit $20 billion in oil revenues to the federation account. Adetunmbi urged President to intervene, arguing the lapse constituted a constitutional breach that hindered coordinated federal-state responses to fiscal issues. Sambo's tenure drew further scrutiny amid investigations into systemic corruption in the Jonathan administration, particularly the $2.1 billion arms procurement scandal involving funds allocated for military equipment to combat from 2011 to 2015. In January 2016, shortly after leaving office, the (EFCC) raided Sambo's private office in as part of probes into the diversion of these funds, recovering approximately $50,000 in cash and documents potentially linking his office to PDP campaign financing in northern states. An aide to Sambo, Kabiru Yusuf, admitted in EFCC custody to receiving N25 million (about $125,000 at the time) from former Adviser Sambo Dasuki in 2014 to establish a pro-administration website, with the funds traced to the arms budget. Although EFCC investigations extended to Sambo's activities during his vice presidency, including potential oversight roles in security-related expenditures, no formal charges were filed against him personally, unlike Dasuki who faced multiple counts of fraud and . Critics within and outside the opposition (APC) portrayed Sambo's low-profile style as emblematic of administrative inertia, arguing it contributed to the PDP's electoral defeat in by failing to mobilize northern support or assert influence against rising insecurity and . Sambo maintained that his office's involvement in campaign activities was legitimate and unrelated to arms funds diversion.

Post-2015 Activities and Political Involvement

Return to Private Life and PDP Loyalty

Following the People's Democratic Party's (PDP) loss in the 2015 Nigerian presidential election on March 28, 2015, Namadi Sambo, who had served as from May 19, 2010, to May 29, 2015, withdrew from prominent public and political roles, adopting a low-profile existence primarily based in . He leveraged his pre-political career as a registered , engaging in private sector activities that included consultations and contributions to development initiatives, though specific projects remained limited in public documentation. This shift marked a deliberate retreat from the intense scrutiny of national office, with Sambo avoiding electoral contests or high-visibility appointments in subsequent years. Despite his reduced visibility, Sambo sustained formal membership in the PDP, the party under which he had risen politically since the early 2000s, without pursuing leadership positions or active campaigning. He made sporadic appearances at PDP gatherings and national events, signaling ongoing allegiance amid the party's internal challenges post-2015, but eschewed frontline involvement that could invite controversy or draw him back into governance debates. In June 2025, amid unverified reports of potential defection to the ruling (), Sambo's office issued a firm on , 2025, stating that he "remains a loyal and committed member of the Peoples Democratic Party" with "no intention of joining any other political party." This response, echoed across multiple outlets, underscored his steadfast PDP loyalty despite speculation fueled by northern political dynamics and ahead-of-schedule maneuvering for the 2027 elections, while his spokesman's later October 2025 comments on party stability further affirmed non-involvement in defection plots.

Recent Developments and Defection Rumors

In June 2025, rumors circulated that Namadi Sambo, a longtime member of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), was preparing to defect to the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC), fueled by the defection of his close ally, former PDP chairman, Suleiman Gara, along with several PDP supporters in . The speculation gained traction following Sambo's visit with to former Minister on May 24, 2025, and reports of increased political engagements, though no formal announcement occurred. Sambo promptly denied the defection claims on June 19, 2025, reaffirming his loyalty to the PDP and expressing confidence in the party's prospects for the 2027 elections. He dismissed reports of his APC membership as unfounded, emphasizing his commitment to the opposition party's platform amid ongoing intra-party dynamics in northern . Beyond the rumors, Sambo maintained a low-profile political presence, issuing commendations for state-level initiatives, such as Kaduna Governor Uba Sani's completion of a 300-bed specialist and Kano Governor Abba Kabir Yusuf's education reforms in mid-2025. These activities underscored his continued influence in PDP circles without indications of a shift in allegiance as of October 2025.

Honors and Public Recognition

Namadi Sambo holds the national honor of Grand Commander of the (GCON), Nigeria's second-highest civilian award, conferred upon his assumption of the vice presidency in 2010. Sambo has received several honorary doctorate degrees in recognition of his public service. In October 2010, the awarded him an honorary degree during a ceremony attended by Justice Mustapha Akanbi. On October 13, 2011, Crescent University in conferred an honorary doctorate upon him. In December 2018, granted him an honorary degree, alongside other dignitaries including and Tukur Buratai. In October 2025, Sambo was turbanned as Sardaunan Zazzau, a prestigious traditional title from the Zazzau Emirate, by Ahmed Bamalli in , . The investiture highlighted his contributions to national development and leadership, drawing congratulations from President , who described it as acknowledgment of Sambo's exemplary service. Speaker also praised the honor as fitting for Sambo's distinguished tenure as an elder statesman from .

Personal Life and Legacy

Family and Personal Relationships

Namadi Sambo is married to Hajiya Namadi Sambo, a member of the prominent Abdu Lukat family from . The couple has six children. Known children include daughters Huwaila, who married Ruma on December 8, 2012, and , who wed on the same date; son Saleh Abdu Lukat Sambo; and son Abdullahi Namadi Sambo, whose marriage to Hafsa occurred in Kano in August 2025. Sambo's siblings include elder brother Alhaji Suleiman Sambo, who died on November 4, 2024, at age 82 after a prolonged illness, and younger brother Captain Yusuf Sabo Sambo, killed in a car accident en route to Abuja's airport on April 27, 2014. Amina Namadi Sambo has engaged in entrepreneurial activities and public advocacy, including efforts to promote national unity and during her husband's tenure.

Assessment of Career Impact and Public Perception

Namadi Sambo's tenure as from May 19, 2010, to May 29, 2015, is assessed as having facilitated administrative continuity during a period of political transition following Umaru Yar'Adua's death, though his direct policy influence was often overshadowed by President Goodluck Jonathan's leadership. He chaired the National Economic Council, contributing to economic policy coordination amid challenges like scandals and , but specific quantifiable impacts, such as GDP growth attribution, remain limited in documentation. His oversight of initiatives like power sector privatization in 2013 aimed at efficiency but later faced criticism for implementation failures, including persistent grid collapses, prompting mutual recriminations with former ministers. Earlier, as Governor from 2007 to 2010, Sambo advanced projects, including networks and , leveraging his architectural background, which carried over into federal roles emphasizing in contracts. Public perception of Sambo portrays him as a reserved, technocratic figure prioritizing loyalty over visibility, earning respect in northern political circles for and stability but drawing limited national acclaim. Post-2015, his low-profile stance and PDP fidelity amid defection rumors reinforced an image of steadfastness, though some analysts viewed him as peripheral during the Jonathan era's security and economic crises. Critics, including opposition voices in 2015, dismissed his northern influence as negligible, citing electoral underperformance in the Northwest bloc. Recent engagements, such as denying defection claims in 2025 and addressing insecurity concerns, have revived discussions of his enduring advisory role without altering a broader narrative of subdued legacy.

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  66. https://dailytrust.com/how-economy-fared-under-obasanjo-yaradua-jonathan-buhari/
  67. https://nigeriaindepth.com/oil-revenue-management-and-economic-performance-in-nigeria-goodluck-jonathans-era-in-comparative-perspective/
  68. https://www.premiumtimesng.com/politics/154825-senator-accuses-nigerias-vice-president-sambo-dereliction-duty.html
  69. https://thenationonlineng.net/nnpcs-unremitted-20b-senator-urges-vigilance/
  70. https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/197991-dasukigate-metuh-gave-n25m-open-website-ex-vp-namadi-sambos-aide.html
  71. https://businessday.ng/analysis/article/namadi-sambos-long-walk-to-2015/
  72. https://dailytrust.com/defection-rumours-ex-vp-namadi-sambo-back-in-limelight/
  73. https://dailypost.ng/2025/06/19/namadi-sambo-debunks-defection-rumours-affirms-loyalty-to-pdp/
  74. https://thebossnewspapers.com/2025/06/19/namadi-sambo-denies-report-of-defection-reiterates-loyalty-to-pdp/
  75. https://www.thehopenewspaper.com/turaki-disgruntled-north-west-chieftains-southern-politician-plotting-to-destabilise-pdp-ex-vp-sambos-spokesman/
  76. https://thenicheng.com/pdp-stakeholders-support-turaki-as-consensus-candidate-for-national-chairman-warn-against-destabilisers/
  77. https://punchng.com/ex-vp-sambos-ally-supporters-defect-to-apc/
  78. https://dailyfacts.com.ng/2025/06/19/former-vice-president-namadi-sambo-denies-defection-to-apc-reaffirms-loyalty-to-pdp-and-pdp-will-win-2027/
  79. https://x.com/LeadershipNGA/status/1935660415754646011
  80. https://www.facebook.com/groups/924169070940034/posts/former-vp-namadi-sambo-has-commended-governor-uba-sani-for-his-various-achieveme/24268435046086774/
  81. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A0C-sWPjguI
  82. https://allafrica.com/stories/201010270221.html
  83. https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/10/crescent-varsity-bestows-doctorate-degree-on-vp/
  84. https://twitter.com/GovKaduna/status/1071375678803709954
  85. https://gazettengr.com/ex-vp-namadi-sambo-coronated-as-sardauna-zazzau/
  86. https://guardian.ng/news/tinubu-felicitates-namadi-sambo-on-turbaning-as-sardaunan-zazzau/
  87. https://www.radionigeriakaduna.gov.ng/2025/10/12/speaker-abbas-celebrates-namadi-sambos-coronation-as-sarduanan-zazzau/
  88. https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/Personality-Profiles/Entrepreneurs/Amina-Namadi-Sambo.html
  89. https://allafrica.com/stories/201212100329.html
  90. https://www.facebook.com/ahmedmohammedmakarfi/posts/earlier-today-in-kano-at-the-wedding-of-arc-namadi-sambos-son-wishing-the-couple/1332191018266665/
  91. https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/11/ex-vp-namadi-sambo-loses-elder-brother/
  92. https://dailypost.ng/2024/11/06/ex-vp-namadi-sambo-loses-brother/
  93. https://orijoreporter.com/eyewitness-reveals-tragic-details-vice-president-namadi-sambos-brothers-death-photos/
  94. https://www.thosewhoinspire.com/meet-the-ip/h-e-hajiya-dr-amina-mohammed-namadi-sambo/
  95. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/africa/factbox-nigerian-vice-president-namadi-sambo-idUSLDE64H12G/
  96. https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/11/fg-directs-all-contracts-to-adhere-to-due-process/
  97. https://www.thisdaylive.com/2025/06/20/i-remain-committed-pdp-member-i-didnt-defect-ex-vice-president-sambo-declares/
  98. https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/781453-former-vp-sambo-disowns-spokesperson.html
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