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Three Little Fishies
Three Little Fishies
from Wikipedia
"Three Little Fishies"
Song by Kay Kyser and His Band (original)
Published1939
Genrechildren's song, novelty song, Pop standard
LabelColumbia Records
ComposerSaxie Dowell
LyricistsJosephine Carringer, Bernice Idins
Official audio
"Three Little Fishies" on YouTube

"Three Little Fishies", also known as "Three Little Fishes", is a 1939 song with words by Josephine Carringer and Bernice Idins and music by Saxie Dowell. The song tells the story of three fishes, who defy their mother's command of swimming only in a meadow, by swimming over a dam and on out to sea, where they encounter a shark, which the fish describe as a whale. They flee for their lives and return to the meadow in safety.

The song was a US No. 1 hit for Kay Kyser and his band in 1939.[1][2] It was released in the UK as a 78 by British comedian Frankie Howerd, on the short-lived UK Harmony label, in 1949.[3] It was revived in 2012 by Ray Stevens for inclusion in his 108-song box set, The Encyclopedia of Recorded Comedy Music.

Other recordings and all releases of the original song

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  • A recording by Hal Kemp and His Orchestra, with vocals by The Smoothies, was made in March, 1939, about a month before the Kay Kyser recording.
  • The song as sung by Kay Kyser and accompanied by his band, released in 1939. It was a US No. 1 hit.
  • A recording was made in 1939 by Nat Gonella and The Georgians. It features in the compilation Children's Wartime Favourites, issued in 2005 by River Records.[4]
  • Billy Costello recorded his own hilarious version of the recording in June, 1939.
  • 1949 the original version by Kay Kyser was released in the UK as a 78 by British comedian Frankie Howerd, on the short-lived UK Harmony label.
  • On February 11, 1953 Spike Jones and His City Slickers recorded a version of the song featuring the 34 year old George Rock (who was renowned for his ability to sing with a falsetto voice) imitating the high voice of a very cute little girl.[5][6][7] This version bears the alternative title Itty Bitty Poo.
  • In 1961, Buzz Clifford released a version of the song as a single which reached #102 on the Billboard pop chart.[8]
  • In 1963, The Andrews Sisters recorded it on their Dot Records album “Greatest Hits Volume 2”, although they never recorded it prior to this album.
  • There is a version on the 1963 Homer and Jethro album Zany Songs of the 30s.
  • Ray Walston and the Do Re Mi Children's Chorus recorded a version of the song in 1965.[9]
  • In 1966 Jon Pertwee contributed the song to the children's album Children's Favourites by EMI and Paul Hamlyn.
  • A portion of the song was used by Mitch Ryder and The Detroit Wheels, in 1966, as part of their version of The Marvelettes' "Too Many Fish in the Sea".
  • During her 1969 appearance on the Here's Lucy episode “Lucy and the Andrews Sisters”, Patty Andrews sings this song during a medley of Andrews Sisters hits.
  • The 1973 made-for-television movie Birds of Prey features the original version of the song at its introduction, being sung along to by protagonist David Janssen while flying a Hughes 500 helicopter for a fictional Salt Lake City radio station. Later incarnations of the film, on formats such as VHS and DVD, have the song omitted and substituted by another big band song of indeterminable title.
  • 1980: In the Star Wars episode of The Muppet Show, the song is sung by a Muppet eel, performed by Jerry Nelson, with Muppet fishes and a shark.
  • In a 1981 episode of Three's Company, a misunderstanding occurs when Jack and Janet overhear a psychiatrist, played by Jeffrey Tambor, repeatedly saying "boom, boom, dittum dattem..." while trying to remember the words to this song, to help him get through to a patient. Jack and Janet mistake him for the mental patient and fear for Terri's safety on their date.
  • On Wednesday 24th February 1982 BBC1's Children's TV Show 'Play School' covered this song, with Stuart McGugan (from 'It Ain't Half Hot Mum' fame) providing the lyrics and puppetry.
  • In "Force of Habit", the 15th episode of the 1982-1983 television show Tales of the Gold Monkey, the main character, an ex-Flying Tiger named Jake Cutter, played by Stephen Collins, sings the song in the middle of a storm to keep up morale in his plane.
  • Canadian children's singers Sharon Lois and Bram recorded the song for their 1984 LP "Mainly Mother Goose"
  • Australian singer Don Spencer, a regular on both the BBC version and the ABC version of Play School, included the song in his 1984 album Don Spencer from Play School Sings 21 Childrens' Favourites.
  • BBC 2 Children's stalwart TV show 'Play Away', from Saturday, 21st January, 1984, covered the song with Floella Benjamin singing the lead. With Brian Cant, Linda Williams and Matthew Devitt on back-up.
  • In two episodes of Barney & Friends, A Splash Party Please from 1992 and Look at me, I'm 3! from 1993, the children perform the song with Barney and Baby Bop.
  • It has also been recorded in other languages, including Dutch and Norwegian (as "Har du hørt historien om de tre små fisk").[citation needed]
  • The Kidsongs version (Play Along Songs; 1993) omits the third verse, whereas the Disney Sing Along Songs version (Mickey's Fun Songs: Beach Party at Walt Disney World; 1995) omits the second verse.
  • In 2005 the recording of 1939 by Nat Gonella and The Georgians features in the compilation Children's Wartime Favourites, issued by River Records.[10]
  • In 2012 the original version by Kay Kyser was revived by Ray Stevens for inclusion in his 108-song box set, The Encyclopedia of Recorded Comedy Music.
  • The American 'YouTube' channel Cocomelon Season 5 Episode 1, released 2023, features the melody of the song although the lyrics are changed to, "Down In The Jungle."

See also

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
"Three Little Fishies", also known as "Three Little Fishes", is a novelty song from 1939 that tells a whimsical cautionary tale of three disobedient young fish who ignore their mother's advice to swim in the meadow's itty-bitty pool and instead venture over a dam into the sea, where they narrowly escape a whale before being rescued. The lyrics were originally written by University of Tennessee sorority sisters Josephine “Jo” Carringer, Bernice Idins, and Mary Elizabeth Bomar as a playful adaptation inspired by the nursery rhyme "Over in the Meadow", while the music was composed by Horace Kirby “Saxie” Dowell, who purchased the rights from the writers for a one-time payment exceeding $100 but no royalties. The song was first recorded in late March 1939 by Hal Kemp and His Orchestra, featuring vocals by the trio The Smoothies, but it achieved widespread fame through and His Orchestra's version, which topped the for nine weeks that year and sold millions of copies as one of the era's biggest hits. At least eight different recordings were released in 1939 alone, including versions by the , contributing to its status as a swing-era that captured the playful spirit of music. Over the decades, "Three Little Fishies" has endured as a children's favorite, with notable covers by artists such as , , and , and it continues to appear in educational media, collections, and family entertainment for its catchy refrain of "Boop boop dit-tem dat-tem what-tem Chu!".

Background and Origins

Song Development

The song "Three Little Fishies" began as a playful conceived in the summer of 1938 by sorority sisters Josephine Carringer, Bernice Idins, and Mary Elizabeth Bomar during a social gathering, where they adapted elements from the "Over in the Meadow" into a simple, repetitive "Fish Talk" recitation. In February 1939, Carringer, Idins, and Bomar shared the chant with saxophonist and arranger Saxie Dowell during a car ride to a breakfast event in , hosted by the fraternity; Dowell, who was performing with Hal Kemp's orchestra, was immediately captivated and decided to expand it into a complete . Dowell then composed the music in early 1939, transforming the 's nursery rhyme-like words into a rhythmic, humorous structure optimized for orchestration, with the full composition finalized by late March 1939, just before its initial recording.

Writers and Inspiration

"Three Little Fishies" originated from a whimsical created by three students, Josephine "Jo" Carringer, Bernice Idins, and Mary Elizabeth Bomar, all members of the sorority. Carringer adapted the melody from the traditional "Over in the Meadow," while Idins contributed the initial verse about little fishies disobeying their mother. The trio developed this fish-themed "Fish Talk" during the summer of as a playful college diversion, reflecting the informal humor and group activities common among students at the time. The music was composed by Horace Kirby "Saxie" Dowell, a prominent saxophonist, singer, and songwriter in the era, best known for his novelty compositions such as "Playmates" and "I Don't Care." Educated at the and a key member of Hal Kemp's orchestra, Dowell specialized in upbeat, comic tunes that captured the lighthearted spirit of . His work often incorporated playful elements suited to the era's escapist entertainment, providing audiences with momentary relief amid the . The song's creation stemmed from Dowell's encounter with Carringer, Idins, and Bomar during Hal Kemp's orchestra tour in Knoxville in February 1939. While riding in a car to breakfast with the sorority sisters, they performed their repetitive "Fish Talk" chant—featuring the insistent "swim" motif urging the fishies to obey—which immediately captivated Dowell. He acquired the rights from the women for a one-time payment exceeding $100, formalized the lyrics and music, and copyrighted the piece in March 1939, transforming their student ditty into a national novelty hit. This composition drew from the 1930s tradition of American college humor and children's cautionary tales, where lighthearted narratives of mischief and consequence offered whimsical escapism during the economic hardships of the Depression. The song's themes of youthful rebellion against parental warnings echoed the era's popular entertainment, blending nursery rhyme simplicity with big band playfulness to appeal to both young and adult audiences seeking uplift.

Recording and Release

Early Recordings

The first professional recording of "Three Little Fishies" was performed by Hal Kemp and His Orchestra, with vocals provided by the vocal group The Smoothies, on March 28, 1939. The Smoothies consisted of Arlene "Babs" Johnson, Charlie Ryan, and Little Ryan, delivering smooth and harmonious vocals that highlighted the song's playful novelty character. This session took place in and featured light orchestration characteristic of Kemp's refined style, emphasizing subtle swing rhythms to complement the whimsical lyrics. The recording was issued as a single on Victor Records (catalog number 26204) on April 12, 1939, paired with "The Chestnut Tree ('Neath the Spreading Chestnut Tree)." It garnered modest radio upon release, though its commercial impact was somewhat limited amid the crowded field of novelty tunes dominating the airwaves that spring. Production choices, such as the trio's synchronized phrasing and Kemp's understated arrangements, aimed to capture the song's humorous, childlike essence without overpowering its charm, setting a template for future interpretations. In the , an early adaptation appeared with Nat Gonella and His Georgians' version, recorded on June 12, 1939, and released in July on (F 1457), featuring vocals by Gonella and Stella Moya. This rendition infused the track with a jazzier swing feel, tailored to British tastes through Gonella's exuberant work and lively dynamics, diverging from the smoother American approach while preserving the novelty appeal. These initial efforts by Kemp and Gonella provided foundational recordings that influenced subsequent takes, including Kay Kyser's more prominent version later that year.

Kay Kyser's Hit Version

Kay and His Orchestra recorded "Three Little Fishies" on April 8, 1939, in for , with vocals provided by band members including , Harry Babbitt, Sully Mason, and Merwyn Bogue (known as ). The session captured an upbeat arrangement that emphasized the song's novelty appeal through playful, exaggerated group vocals mimicking childlike enthusiasm and onomatopoeic sound effects like "boop-boop-a-doop" to represent the fish swimming. The recording was released in May 1939 as Brunswick 8358, quickly gaining traction as a humorous hit single. It was paired on the B-side with "Show Your Linen, Miss Richardson," a lesser-known novelty tune also featuring the orchestra's lighthearted style, though the A-side dominated attention as the primary draw. Promotional efforts centered on Kyser's popular NBC radio program, Kay Kyser's Kollege of Musical Knowledge, a quiz show format that incorporated live band performances and audience interaction to highlight new releases like "Three Little Fishies," significantly increasing its airplay and public familiarity through engaging broadcasts.

Lyrics and Musical Composition

Narrative and Themes

The song "Three Little Fishies" presents a whimsical narrative centered on three young fish who defy their mother's guidance, embarking on an adventurous journey that exposes them to danger and prompts a hasty return home. In the opening verse, the family resides in a small pool, where the mama fishie urges her offspring to "swim if you can," but the trio promptly swims over the nearby dam despite her caution. Ignoring her subsequent plea to stop lest they get lost, the disobedient fish set off on a spree, swimming right out to the sea, where they revel in the excitement until spotting a menacing . Terrified by the shark and then looking at the whales, they pivot and race back to the safety of their original pool, having learned the perils of straying too far. Central to the lyrics are repetitive, rhythmic phrases that evoke childlike and momentum, such as "Swim said the mama fishie, swim if you can" and "They swam and they swam all over the dam," which build a sense of playful escalation while underscoring the fishies' naive determination. The scat-like chorus—"Boop boop dit-tem dat-tem what-tem Chu!" repeated three times—interrupts each verse with nonsensical exuberance, mimicking the carefree attitude of the protagonists and enhancing the song's rhythmic appeal to young listeners. Thematically, the song functions as a lighthearted cautionary tale, illustrating the consequences of youthful rebellion against parental authority while promoting the virtues of obedience and familial safety through humorous rather than stern resolution. This approach softens traditional moral lessons, transforming potential peril into a fun escapade that resolves without lasting harm, aligning with the novelty style popular in 1939 recordings. The chorus structure evolves across verses to mirror the arc: after the first verse, it emphasizes "all over the " to highlight initial exploration; the second shifts to "right out " for the rebellious outing; the third underscores peril with "right over the "; and the final celebrates return via "back over the ," reinforcing the story's progression from adventure to chastened homecoming.

Structure and Style

"Three Little Fishies" follows a verse-chorus form typical of 1930s pop standards, consisting of four verses that progressively build the narrative of the fish's adventure, interspersed with a highly repetitive and catchy chorus featuring the nonsensical "Boop boop dit-tem dat-tem what-tem Chu!". This structure allows the verses to advance the story while the chorus, repeated after each verse, reinforces the song's playful hook for memorability. The original recording runs approximately 3:07 in duration, providing a concise yet engaging format suited to radio play. The musical style is rooted in big band swing with subtle Dixieland influences, characterized by an upbeat tempo of around 176 beats per minute that imparts an energetic, buoyant feel. Light percussion elements evoke the watery environment, while call-and-response vocals among band members—featuring Ginny Simms, Harry Babbitt, Sully Mason, and Ish Kabibble—add interactive novelty to the arrangement. Saxophone leads, a nod to composer Saxie Dowell's instrument, drive melodic lines with playful phrasing. Classified as a within the pop standard , "Three Little Fishies" blends elements of with adult-oriented humor, using whimsical to deliver a lighthearted about disobedience. highlights include prominent and riffs that mimic the "swimming" motion through syncopated, gliding patterns, complementing the brass-heavy sound.

Commercial Performance

Chart Achievements

The Kay Kyser's version of "Three Little Fishies" became a major chart success in 1939, reaching number one on for nine weeks that year. This peak positioned it as one of the year's standout novelty hits, competing with enduring standards like "" by and "" by Will Glahé, and contributing to its ranking among the top-selling singles of the era. The song peaked at No. 2 on the radio chart in 1939, reflecting its widespread popularity through broadcast airplay during a time when radio promotion played a key role in driving chart performance. Other versions charted modestly in the United States that year. Hal Kemp and His Orchestra's recording peaked at number 11 on the in 1939, benefiting from the song's initial buzz following its early releases. In 1961, Buzz Clifford's cover entered the lower reaches of the charts, reaching number 102 on Billboard's , marking a brief revival attempt without significant resurgence in later decades. Internationally, the song saw some success. Kay Kyser's version charted in in 1940. In the , Nat Gonella and His Georgians recorded a version in 1939, as British audiences favored local interpretations amid the era's transatlantic exchange.

Sales and Recognition

The Kay Kyser's recording of "Three Little Fishies" achieved substantial commercial success shortly after its April 1939 release on , with sheet- sales reaching 250,000 copies by June of that year and contributing to the label's robust performance during a competitive period for recordings. By 1940, the single had exceeded one million copies sold, establishing it as Kyser's first million-selling disc and a standout novelty hit of the era. As the (RIAA) was not founded until 1952 and its gold certification program began in 1958, the recording did not receive contemporaneous RIAA honors. Nonetheless, it has been retrospectively designated a million-seller in industry compilations, including Billboard's 1964 list of historical million-selling singles. The song earned recognition within the music industry, appearing in Variety’s Hit Parade of a Half-Century (1905-1955) for 1939. Its commercial impact was further evidenced by the chart-topping momentum that accompanied these figures. Reissues in compilation albums over the decades have maintained the song's availability, enhancing its presence in digital streaming services and sustaining listener interest into the .

Cover Versions and Adaptations

Notable Covers

One of the earliest notable covers of "Three Little Fishies" came from British in 1949, who released a humorous spoken-word rendition on the label, infusing the song with his signature vaudeville-style wit and comedic timing to appeal to audiences seeking lighthearted entertainment. In 1953, and His delivered a version titled "Three Little Fishies (Itty Bitty Poo)" on RCA Victor, characterized by exaggerated sound effects, manic instrumentation, and satirical lyrics that amplified the song's whimsical narrative into a chaotic novelty act, showcasing Jones's renowned approach to musical comedy. The recorded a novelty version in 1959 on their album The Nonsense Songbook (Golden Records), featuring their comedic vocals and playful delivery to entertain children with humor. Buzz Clifford offered a rockabilly-infused take in 1961 as a single on Jamie Records, accelerating the tempo and adding energetic teen-oriented vocals to reimagine the tune for the early rock 'n' roll crowd, diverging from the original's swing style while retaining its playful chorus. The Andrews Sisters revisited the song in 1963 on their album The Andrews Sisters' Greatest Hits, Vol. II, employing their trademark close-harmony vocals to evoke swing-era nostalgia, with a polished arrangement that highlighted the trio's enduring appeal in light pop interpretations. In 1964, actor , accompanied by his Favorite Children's Chorus, recorded a version on ' album My Favorite Songs from Mary Poppins and Other Songs to Delight, featuring innocent choral arrangements and Walston's warm narration to emphasize the song's child-centric charm and moral undertones. The Muppets performed the song in 1980 during episode 417 of , with the Eel providing a whimsical vocal rendition that incorporated and humor to delight audiences. Ray Stevens included a novelty-style cover in his 2012 box set on Me and My Music Records, blending humorous vocal effects and orchestral flair to pay homage to the song's comedic roots while updating it for contemporary listeners interested in vintage satire.

Variations and Reissues

The song has been released under slight title variations, most commonly as "Three Little Fishies" or "Three Little Fishes," reflecting minor spelling differences in early sheet music and record labels. In some pressings, it appeared with the subtitle "(Itty Bitty Poo)," particularly in parody contexts. A notable lyrical parody was recorded by Spike Jones and the City Slickers in 1953 as "Three Little Fishies (Itty Bitty Poo)," altering the original novelty lyrics for comedic effect while retaining the core melody. This version emphasized scat-like vocalizations and exaggerated instrumentation, distinguishing it from the standard renditions. Kay Kyser's original 1939 recording has been included in numerous compilations since the 1940s, such as his era-specific greatest hits collections that preserved arrangements. In the , it received CD reissues through Columbia/Legacy, including the 1989 digital transfer of Kay Kyser's Greatest Hits, which restored the track with improved audio quality. Further remastered editions appeared in the , such as the 2005 compilation The Kollege of Musical Knowledge, featuring mono audio from the original sessions. The track has been adapted for modern digital formats, including files and arrangements available online since the early 2000s for educational and performance use. Since 2010, remastered versions of Kyser's recording have been widely available on streaming platforms like and , often bundled in or playlists. International adaptations include a Dutch version recorded in by Jack Bulterman as "Drie kleine vischjes," which translated the while maintaining the song's structure.

Legacy and Cultural Impact

Use in Media

The song "Three Little Fishies" has appeared in various television productions, often leveraging its whimsical, aquatic theme for comedic or nostalgic effect. In the 1969 episode "Lucy and the Andrews Sisters" of , perform the novelty tune as part of a musical segment where Carmichael attempts to join their act, highlighting the song's enduring appeal in lighthearted variety-style television. On , the track features in the UK spot of season 4, episode 417 (aired February 1980), where an eel puppet croons an adapted version of the lyrics, emphasizing the three fish's misadventures in a playful, puppetry-driven rendition that suits the show's humorous format. In film, the original recording is prominently used in the 1973 made-for-television movie , playing during the opening credits and key chase sequences to evoke a jaunty contrast against the thriller's tense helicopter pursuit narrative.

Enduring Influence

"Three Little Fishies" has maintained a prominent role in , particularly for young children, where its simple, repetitive structure serves as an effective tool for teaching dynamics and vocal . In and early elementary settings, educators use the song to engage students in interactive activities, making it a staple in curricula focused on foundational music concepts. For instance, resources designed for classroom use highlight its adaptability for lessons on voice variation. The song's inclusion in children's song anthologies dates back to the mid-20th century, reflecting its status as a timeless piece in folk and novelty traditions. Compilations such as the Golden Records series from the late and featured it alongside other popular tunes, ensuring its transmission across generations in educational and home settings. Later collections, including the Children's Songbook and Disney's Silly Songs, have continued to anthologize it, underscoring its enduring value as a whimsical entry in American repertoire. As a quintessential of , "Three Little Fishies" symbolizes the era's through its playful and nonsensical , providing light-hearted relief amid broader cultural challenges. Its influence extends to the broader of humorous music, appearing in modern novelty songbooks that trace the evolution of comedic tunes from the onward. In contemporary culture, the song retains relevance through digital platforms, where covers and adaptations on and continue to attract views in educational and nostalgic contexts, often performed at gatherings to evoke intergenerational . For example, as of 2024, features user-generated covers emphasizing the song's rhythmic playfulness, while channels like Miss Nina and released videos in 2021 and 2023, respectively.

References

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