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Centropolis Entertainment
Centropolis Entertainment
Centropolis Entertainment
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Centropolis Entertainment is a German-American film production company founded in 1985 as Centropolis Film Productions by American film producer Dean Devlin and German film director Roland Emmerich.[1][2] As of 2001, the company is a subsidiary of Das Werk AG.[3][4]

Key Information

History

[edit]

In 1996, Emmerich launched his special effects studio Centropolis Effects to provide VFX effects for its motion pictures. It was shut down in 2001.[5]

In 1997, the studio launched its television division Centropolis Television. Its first production was The Visitor, a show that was aired on Fox.[6]

In 1998, Centropolis entered a production deal with Sony Pictures Entertainment to produce motion pictures for its studio.[7][8]

In the late 1990s, Centropolis' video game division, Centropolis Interactive, published online multiplayer games like Godzilla Online, ID4 Online, Darkness Falls: The Crusade, and Spellbinder: The Nexus Conflict.[9][10]

Dean Devlin, however ultimately left in 2001 in order to form Electric Entertainment. Electric inherited and finished development on the films he developed, including Eight Legged Freaks.[11][12]

Filmography

[edit]

Films

[edit]
Year Title Director Studio Distributor Name
1985 Making Contact Roland Emmerich Pro-ject Filmproduktion
Bisokop Film
Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen 		New World Pictures as Centropolis Film Productions
1987 Ghost Chase Pro-ject Filmproduktion
Hessicher Rundfunk
Spectrum Entertainment 		Filmverlag der Autoren
1990 Moon 44 Spectrum Entertainment Warner Bros.
CineVox
1992 Universal Soldier Carolco Pictures
The IndieProd Company 		TriStar Pictures
1994 The High Crusade Klaus Knoesel Carolco Pictures Overseas Filmgroup
Stargate Roland Emmerich Carolco Pictures
Le Studio Canal+ 		Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1996 Independence Day 20th Century Fox as Centropolis Entertainment
1998 Godzilla TriStar Pictures, Fried Films[13]
Independent Pictures[13] 		Sony Pictures Releasing[13][14]
1999 The Thirteenth Floor Josef Rusnak Columbia Pictures
2000 The Patriot Roland Emmerich Columbia Pictures and Mutual Film Company
2002 Eight Legged Freaks Ellory Elkayem Village Roadshow Pictures
Electric Entertainment 		Warner Bros. Pictures
2004 The Day After Tomorrow Roland Emmerich The Mark Gordon Company
Lionsgate Films 		20th Century Fox
2007 Trade Marco Kreuzpaintner Lionsgate Roadside Attractions
2008 10,000 BC Roland Emmerich Legendary Pictures Warner Bros. Pictures
2009 2012 Columbia Pictures Sony Pictures Releasing as Centropolis
2011 Anonymous Columbia Pictures
Relativity Media
Studio Babelsberg 		as Centropolis Entertainment
2013 White House Down Columbia Pictures
Mythology Entertainment
2015 Stonewall Goldcrest Films Roadside Attractions as Centropolis
2016 Independence Day: Resurgence TSG Entertainment
Electric Entertainment 		20th Century Fox as Centropolis Entertainment[15]
2019 Midway Summit Entertainment
Ruyi Media
Starlight Culture Entertainment
AGC Studios
Street Entertainment
Entertainment One
Bona Film Group 		Lionsgate
2022 Moonfall Summit Entertainment
AGC Studios
Street Entertainment
Huayi Brothers Media
Tencent Pictures
UK Moonfall LLP 		Lionsgate
(North America)
AGC International
(International)
The Magic Flute Florian Sigl Flute Film
Tobis Film [de]		 Tobis Film

TV series

[edit]
Year Title Creator Studio Networks Notes
1997–1998 The Visitor Roland Emmerich
Dean Devlin 		20th Century Fox Television Fox as Centropolis Television
1998–2000 Godzilla: The Series based on Godzilla by:
Toho Co., Ltd.
developed by:
Jeff Kline
Richard Raynis 		Adelaide Productions
Columbia TriStar Television 		Fox Kids
2024 Those About to Die based on Those About to Die by: Daniel P. Mannix
developed by:
Robert Rodat 		AGC Studios
Hollywood Gang Productions
Street Entertainment 		Peacock

Centropolis Effects (CFX)

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Centropolis Entertainment

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Centropolis Entertainment is a German-American film and television production company founded in 1985 by director , producer , and Ute Emmerich. Specializing in high-budget action, , and disaster genres, the company has produced over 25 feature films and several television series, including several global blockbusters that have collectively grossed more than $3.6 billion at the (as of 2023). Its output often features spectacular and large-scale storytelling, with Emmerich directing many of its most iconic projects. Among its most notable productions are (1994), which launched a major franchise; Independence Day (1996), a landmark summer hit that earned widespread acclaim for its ; (1998); The Patriot (2000), a historical starring ; (2004), an environmental disaster film; 2012 (2009); Anonymous (2011); Independence Day: Resurgence (2016); Midway (2019), a epic; Moonfall (2022), a space thriller; and the television series Those About to Die (2024). Headquartered in , Centropolis is led by co-founder as director, producer, and screenwriter; Ute Emmerich as partner and ; and Marco Shepherd as president, who oversees development, production, and distribution. The company originated in but expanded to the , establishing itself as an independent entity focused on ambitious cinematic spectacles.

Overview

Founding and Early Operations

Centropolis Entertainment was founded in 1985 as Centropolis Film Productions by German film director and his sister Ute Emmerich. The company was established to support Emmerich's transition from European filmmaking to the American market, drawing on his background in where he had studied production design and directed his student film (1984). This transatlantic perspective influenced the company's early operations, blending international talent with Hollywood infrastructure. joined as a writing and producing partner in the early 1990s, co-creating major projects such as (1994) and Independence Day (1996), before departing in 2001 to form his own company. From its inception, Centropolis focused on low-budget independent films amid the nascent indie scene of the mid-1980s. The company's debut project was the 1985 techno-horror-fantasy film Making Contact (also released as Joey), directed by Emmerich and produced on a modest budget to explore themes of psychic powers and supernatural forces. Early operations spanned and , where the founders leveraged local resources while navigating the era's limited access to facilities suited for international co-productions. The mid-1980s independent film landscape presented significant challenges for newcomers like Centropolis, including scarce funding options that forced reliance on pre-sales of international rights and personal investments to cover escalating production costs. Distribution hurdles were equally daunting, as unaffiliated producers struggled to secure domestic releases from major studios without established track records, often limiting films to niche markets or overseas festivals. These obstacles shaped the company's cautious approach to early projects, emphasizing efficient, genre-driven over high-risk spectacles.

Corporate Structure and Ownership

Centropolis Entertainment originated as Centropolis Film Productions, established on July 26, 1985, by German director and his sister Ute Emmerich, initially focusing on . Over the ensuing years, the entity rebranded and expanded into Centropolis Entertainment to accommodate diversified media endeavors, including the launch of dedicated divisions for television and interactive content. In 1997, the company formed its television division, Centropolis Television, which debuted with the FOX sci-fi series The Visitor, co-produced with 20th Century Fox Television and featuring interactive web elements developed in partnership with . Later that year, Centropolis Interactive was created as the company's arm, tasked with producing web-based content, online games, and extensions tied to its and TV projects, such as enhancements for Godzilla: The Series. The company's primary headquarters is located at 1445 N. Stanley Avenue in , , a hub for its core operations in film and television development. This setup underscores its German-American roots, with Emmerich's European background influencing cross-continental collaborations despite the U.S.-centric base. A significant structural change occurred in 2001 when Centropolis Effects, the subsidiary founded in 1996 to support in-house for films like Independence Day, was acquired by Das Werk AG, a German and . Emmerich and Devlin received equity in Das Werk in exchange, retaining board seats, which facilitated expanded international financing and resource sharing for VFX projects, including access to European markets and talent pools for global film pipelines. This divestiture allowed Centropolis Entertainment to streamline its focus on narrative production while leveraging external VFX partnerships. Today, Centropolis Entertainment functions as a private entity, wholly owned by and his sister Ute Emmerich, with no public stock listing, emphasizing and television development over broader media conglomeration.

History

Formation and Initial Projects (1985–1995)

Centropolis Entertainment was founded in 1985 in as Centropolis Film Productions by director and his sister Ute Emmerich, initially focusing on low-budget and fantasy films targeted at international audiences. The company's inaugural project, Making Contact (also known as Joey), was a techno-horror-fantasy directed and co-written by Emmerich, exploring a young boy's psychic abilities and encounters with supernatural forces through a toy . Produced as a German-American co-production with a modest budget, it marked Emmerich's effort to blend genre elements like and family drama, shot in English to appeal beyond domestic markets. This established Centropolis's early reliance on German funding sources and international partnerships to finance its ventures, reflecting the financial constraints of an emerging independent outfit in the European landscape. In 1987, Centropolis produced Ghost Chase (also released as Hollywood Monster), another Emmerich-directed feature that continued the company's exploration of horror with comedic undertones, involving a group of teenagers battling a mischievous ghost in . The film exemplified the small-scale production team Emmerich assembled, handling multiple roles from directing to visual effects, amid ongoing financial challenges that limited scope and distribution. By 1990, Moon 44, a action thriller set in a dystopian future on a mining colony, represented a pivotal early effort, directed by Emmerich and featuring elaborate model work for space sequences despite its constrained resources. This project introduced American actor in a supporting role, forging a creative as Devlin contributed to script revisions, highlighting the collaborative dynamics that would define Centropolis's evolution. Following , Emmerich and Devlin relocated from to in the early 1990s, transitioning Centropolis toward American productions while maintaining ties to European co-financing to navigate budgetary hurdles. Their joint debut came with Universal Soldier (1992), a sci-fi about reanimated soldiers, which expanded Centropolis's foray into high-concept genres and demonstrated growing international appeal through partnerships with U.S. studios. Subsequent projects like (1994), an adaptation of a medieval sci-fi novel, and (1994), featuring ancient and , solidified the company's small team's expertise in visual effects-driven narratives, though still reliant on modest funding from German and international sources to realize ambitious concepts on limited scales. These initial efforts, characterized by financial improvisation and cross-cultural collaborations, laid the groundwork for Centropolis's signature blend of spectacle and storytelling in science fiction.

Breakthrough Era and Expansion (1996–2001)

The release of Independence Day in 1996 marked a pivotal breakthrough for Centropolis Entertainment, transforming the company from a modest production outfit into a major player in Hollywood blockbusters. Directed by and co-written by Emmerich and , the film depicted a global and grossed over $817 million worldwide, becoming the highest-grossing film of the year and establishing Centropolis as a force in spectacle-driven cinema. It earned an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and a nomination for Best Sound, highlighting the company's emerging expertise in large-scale effects work. Building on this momentum, Centropolis diversified into television with The Visitor, a series created by Emmerich and Devlin that aired on from 1997 to 1998, exploring themes of and human-alien conflict through the story of a returned pilot. The company followed with the 1998 monster film Godzilla, directed by Emmerich and produced in collaboration with , which reimagined the iconic for American audiences and focused on a mutated creature rampaging through . By 2000, Centropolis co-produced The Patriot with , a directed by Emmerich starring as a Revolutionary War fighter, which further solidified the studio's range across genres. These projects exemplified the era's rapid expansion, blending high-stakes action with narrative ambition. In 1996, Centropolis established its in-house visual effects division, Centropolis Effects (CFX), to handle the demanding CGI requirements of its films, starting with the alien ship sequences in Independence Day that depicted massive destruction on a planetary scale. CFX played a central role in Godzilla as well, creating the digital creature and its nest of offspring, which became defining elements of the film's visual spectacle. This internal capability allowed Centropolis to control production costs and quality for effects-heavy projects. In 1998, the company secured a multi-year production deal with Sony Pictures Entertainment, providing a stable platform for developing motion pictures and enabling co-productions like The Patriot. That same year, Centropolis ventured into interactive media through Centropolis Interactive, releasing Godzilla Online, a multiplayer game developed with Mythic Entertainment that let players engage in monster battles tied to the film's universe. Amid this growth, partner Dean Devlin departed in 2001 to establish his own production company.

Modern Developments and Challenges (2002–Present)

Following Dean Devlin's departure from Centropolis Entertainment in 2001 to establish his own production company, Electric Entertainment, the studio shifted its primary focus toward projects helmed by co-founder and director , emphasizing high-concept disaster and genres. This transition marked a period of streamlined operations under Emmerich's leadership, with the company continuing to produce ambitious visual effects-driven films while navigating the evolving Hollywood landscape. Centropolis's film output in the mid-2000s solidified Emmerich's signature style, with (2004) depicting a climate catastrophe and grossing over $550 million worldwide, underscoring the studio's reliance on spectacle to drive success. Subsequent projects like 10,000 BC (2008), a prehistoric adventure, and (2009), another apocalyptic epic, further exemplified this approach, though 2012 faced criticism for its formulaic narrative despite earning $769 million globally. The 2010s brought (2013), an action thriller, and the sequel Independence Day: Resurgence (2016), which revisited the 1996 franchise but underperformed with $389 million against a $165 million budget, reflecting challenges in sustaining legacy properties amid shifting audience preferences. More recent efforts include Midway (2019), a drama, and Moonfall (2022), a sci-fi that explored lunar cataclysms but received mixed reviews and modest returns. In television, Centropolis expanded into streaming content with Those About to Die (2024), a Peacock series on Roman gladiatorial spectacles produced in with international partners like Austria's High End Productions and Italy's Street Entertainment, adapting Robert Cromier's novel for a modern audience. This marked the studio's adaptation to the streaming era, prioritizing co-productions to mitigate rising production costs and tap global markets. The company encountered significant challenges early in the period, including the closure of its in-house visual effects division, Centropolis Effects (CFX), in 2001 amid industry-wide consolidation, as the studio sold the unit to Germany's Das Werk AG to reduce overhead. This move reflected broader VFX sector pressures, forcing Centropolis to outsource effects for subsequent projects. Looking ahead, Centropolis announced Exodus in 2024, a futuristic climate disaster film set in Sudan, serving as a spiritual sequel to The Day After Tomorrow and directed by Emmerich with a $100–110 million budget, signaling a pivot toward diverse narratives and international financing to address ongoing economic hurdles in theatrical releases. In October 2024, Centropolis announced development of the live-action TV series Space Nation, based on an expansive sci-fi transmedia IP.

Key Personnel

Founders and Core Leadership

Centropolis Entertainment was founded in 1985 by German filmmaker and his sister Ute Emmerich. American and joined as a partner in the early 1990s, co-writing and producing key films such as Independence Day (1996) until his departure in 2001 to found Electric Entertainment. Emmerich, a director and renowned for his epics, has served as the company's creative driving force, directing and producing landmark films such as Independence Day (1996) and 2012 (2009) that established Centropolis's reputation for high-stakes visual spectacles. Devlin, who functioned as a and , co-wrote key successes including Independence Day and (1998), contributing to the company's early emphasis on collaborative blockbuster storytelling; his exit marked a pivotal shift, allowing Centropolis to refocus under the Emmerich siblings on production. Ute Emmerich has been a longtime since the company's founding, overseeing executive production on major projects like Independence Day and Midway (2019), while managing the company's film and television divisions, including international distribution efforts that expanded Centropolis's global reach. Her role has emphasized operational stability and partnership in creative decisions, supporting the production of over 25 films that have grossed more than $3 billion worldwide. Since 2016, Marco Shepherd has served as President of Centropolis Entertainment, where he oversees development, financing, packaging, and production for all projects, ensuring the company's strategic growth in both film and emerging ventures. Joining the company in 2005, Shepherd has executive produced recent hits like Midway, which grossed $127 million globally, and Moonfall (2022), aligning Centropolis's output with Emmerich's vision for ambitious, effects-driven narratives.

Notable Producers and Executives

collaborated with Centropolis Entertainment as a on the 2000 historical drama The Patriot, directed by , where he worked alongside to bridge the company's independent productions with major studio resources through distribution. In the late , Centropolis secured a multi-year production deal with Entertainment in 1998, enabling the development of high-budget films while housed on the lot. Following financial challenges, Centropolis Effects, the arm of the company, underwent restructuring in 2001 when it was acquired by the German firm Das Werk AG, allowing continued operations under new ownership while retained usage rights for future projects. Key executives during this transition included Mark Franco as president, Aaron Dem as head of production, and Amir Nasrabadi as , who maintained their roles to stabilize and expand the into commercials and . Volker Engel emerged as a pivotal figure in the 1990s as visual effects supervisor and co-producer on landmark Centropolis films like Independence Day (1996) and (1998), leveraging his expertise to integrate advanced effects with narrative-driven blockbusters and drawing on European production ties through his German origins. Kirstin Winkler has served as Executive Vice President of Production at Centropolis Entertainment since 2011, overseeing development and production on various projects, including recent initiatives as of 2025.

Productions

Feature Films

Centropolis Entertainment's feature film output primarily encompasses science fiction, disaster, and historical action genres, often characterized by large-scale visual effects and spectacle-driven narratives under the direction of Roland Emmerich. The company's early productions included Universal Soldier (1992), a sci-fi action film starring Jean-Claude Van Damme that grossed $115.9 million worldwide. Its inaugural production, Making Contact (1985), a techno-horror-fantasy film about a boy with psychic powers, marked its entry into cinema with a modest, family-oriented story blending supernatural elements and practical effects. The studio achieved breakthroughs in the early to mid-1990s with successes that defined its reputation for high-stakes, effects-heavy entertainment. (1994), co-produced with Le Studio Canal+ and distributed by , launched a major franchise with ancient and , grossing $196.6 million worldwide. Independence Day (1996), co-produced with 20th Century Fox, depicted an alien invasion thwarted by global unity and became a cultural phenomenon, grossing $817.4 million worldwide on a $75 million budget. This was followed by (1998), a co-production with reimagining the iconic in an American context, which earned $376 million globally despite mixed reception for its creature design. (1999), a sci-fi thriller exploring , grossed $18.7 million. The Patriot (2000), another collaboration with and , shifted to historical action during the , starring and grossing $215.3 million. (2002), a monster comedy-horror, earned $45.2 million. Entering the 2000s, Centropolis leaned further into disaster epics, leveraging Emmerich's signature style of catastrophic events rendered through expansive VFX sequences. The Day After Tomorrow (2004), co-produced with 20th Century Fox, portrayed climate apocalypse with groundbreaking simulations of frozen New York, achieving $555.8 million in worldwide earnings. Trade (2007), a crime thriller on human trafficking, grossed $1.4 million. 10,000 BC (2008), distributed by Warner Bros., explored prehistoric adventure and mammoths in sweeping landscapes, grossing $269.1 million. The pinnacle of this era was 2012 (2009), a Columbia Pictures co-production that amplified Emmerich's doomsday aesthetic with over 1,500 VFX shots depicting global cataclysms like tsunamis and volcanic eruptions, culminating in $757.9 million at the box office. Subsequent releases reflected a mix of sequels and original concepts amid shifting market dynamics. Anonymous (2011), a historical thriller on Shakespeare authorship, earned $15.9 million. White House Down (2013), co-produced with Sony Pictures, delivered action-thriller siege drama in Washington, D.C., earning $205.4 million. Stonewall (2015), a drama on the Stonewall riots, grossed $0.2 million. The long-awaited Independence Day: Resurgence (2016), again with 20th Century Fox, expanded the alien saga but underperformed relative to its predecessor, grossing $389.7 million against a $165 million budget. Midway (2019), a World War II epic distributed by Lionsgate, depicted the pivotal naval battle and grossed $125.5 million worldwide. Moonfall (2022), distributed by Lionsgate, ventured into lunar conspiracy territory with massive orbital destruction sequences, yet managed only $59.1 million worldwide, hampered by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic's impact on theater attendance and audience fatigue with disaster tropes. As of 2024, Centropolis has an upcoming feature film titled Exodus, set in Sudan with a budget of $100-110 million.
FilmYearWorldwide Gross
Making Contact1985$1,800,000
Universal Soldier1992$115,933,111
1994$196,565,669
Independence Day1996$817,400,878
1998$376,000,000
1999$18,703,612
The Patriot2000$215,300,000
2002$45,202,730
2004$555,840,117
2007$1,424,479
10,000 BC2008$269,065,678
2009$757,930,166
Anonymous2011$15,881,000
2013$205,440,387
Stonewall2015$192,107
Independence Day: Resurgence2016$389,681,935
Midway2019$125,571,794
Moonfall2022$59,053,195
Commercially, Centropolis's films peaked in the and with consistent billion-dollar cumulative hauls from blockbusters like Independence Day and 2012, driven by Emmerich's emphasis on immersive, planet-scale destruction via pioneering VFX techniques. However, post-2010 releases showed declining returns, with sequels like Resurgence facing competition from superhero franchises and Moonfall suffering from pandemic-related disruptions and genre saturation. These partnerships with major studios such as and were crucial for distribution and funding, enabling the ambitious scope that defines the company's cinematic legacy.

Television Series

Centropolis Entertainment entered television production through its dedicated television division, established to develop primetime series blending , action, and genres. This division focused on creating episodic content for broadcast networks, leveraging the company's expertise in and large-scale storytelling from its film projects. Early efforts emphasized network television formats, transitioning over time to high-budget streaming series amid evolving distribution models. One of the division's inaugural projects was the sci-fi thriller The Visitor, which aired on from 1997 to 1998 and consisted of 13 episodes. Created by and , the series followed a mysterious figure with abilities combating alien threats, marking Centropolis's initial foray into serialized network television. Produced in association with 20th Century Fox Television, it exemplified the company's approach to high-concept primetime dramas during the late . Following this, Centropolis co-produced : The Series, an animated action-adventure that served as a direct sequel to the 1998 live-action film . Airing from 1998 to 2000 primarily on with some syndicated distribution, the series ran for 40 episodes and followed a team combating giant monsters, including a new Godzilla hatchling as a protector. Developed in partnership with and , it highlighted Centropolis's expansion into animation for broader audience reach. In the 2020s, Centropolis shifted toward premium streaming content, exemplified by the historical drama Those About to Die, which premiered on Peacock in 2024. This 10-episode first season, set in ancient Rome and exploring the gladiatorial games' underbelly, was produced with a budget exceeding $140 million, reflecting the scale of modern streaming investments. Distributed internationally through NBCUniversal platforms, the series underscores the company's adaptation to global streaming ecosystems, moving from 1990s broadcast constraints to expansive, effects-heavy narratives. Under Emmerich's oversight as , Those About to Die prioritized historical accuracy in depicting Roman , drawing from primary sources on the Flavian era while dramatizing events like the construction of the . This focus on authentic spectacle and political intrigue has been noted for grounding its action in verifiable historical contexts, distinguishing it from earlier Centropolis TV ventures.

Visual Effects and Other Ventures

Centropolis Effects (CFX), the visual effects division of Centropolis Entertainment, was established in 1996 by Roland Emmerich and Dean Devlin to handle in-house VFX production for the company's films. The studio played a pivotal role in creating groundbreaking CGI sequences, particularly for disaster-oriented spectacles, such as the iconic White House destruction in Independence Day (1996), where practical models were integrated with digital simulations to depict massive alien ship impacts. For Godzilla (1998), CFX developed the film's central CGI creature model, combining it with animatronics and miniatures for dynamic urban destruction scenes that emphasized scale and realism in monster rampages. At its height, the facility employed over 200 artists and technicians, focusing on innovations like advanced particle simulations for debris and fire effects that influenced subsequent blockbuster VFX workflows. Despite these achievements, CFX faced mounting financial pressures amid a broader VFX industry contraction following the high-profile failure of Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within in 2001, which highlighted the escalating costs of photorealistic CGI and led to widespread studio consolidations. The division shuttered operations that year after completing work on , with much of its talent transitioning to other facilities like Werk II, as maintaining an in-house operation became unsustainable compared to outsourcing. CFX's closure marked the end of Centropolis's direct VFX production, though its techniques in rendering large-scale destruction continued to impact the field by setting benchmarks for integrating CGI with live-action in action-disaster genres. In parallel, Centropolis Interactive, launched in 1997 as the company's gaming arm, explored ancillary media through film tie-in video games during the late boom. The division published multiplayer online titles, including Godzilla Online (1998), a fast-paced developed with that allowed players to battle as soldiers against the creature in a post-film New York setting, exclusively for the GameStorm service. Other projects like ID4 Online extended Independence Day lore into cooperative gameplay, but the unit wound down by 2000 as online gaming shifted and Centropolis refocused on core film production. Beyond these, Centropolis has maintained minor involvement in non-feature formats, such as occasional documentaries and short films, but lacks dedicated ongoing divisions for VFX or as of 2025, with visual effects for recent projects like Moonfall (2022) and Midway (2019) outsourced to specialized studios including Scanline VFX, Pixomondo, , and . This strategic pivot underscores the company's emphasis on narrative production over technical support arms, allowing flexibility in an evolving industry landscape.

References

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  63. https://www.centropolis.com/those-about-to-die
  64. https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/the-true-story-peacock-those-about-to-die
  65. https://collider.com/those-about-to-die-true-story/
  66. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/independence-day-visual-effects-supervisor-904590/
  67. http://www.vfxhq.com/1998/godzilla.html
  68. https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/cfx.htm
  69. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5834426/companycredits/
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