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Dassault Falcon 7X
Dassault Falcon 7X
Dassault Falcon 7X
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The Dassault Falcon 7X is a large-cabin, 5,950-nautical-mile (11,019 km; 6,847 mi) range business jet manufactured by Dassault Aviation. Unveiled at the 2001 Paris Air Show, its first flight took place on 5 May 2005 and it entered service on 15 June 2007. The Falcon 8X, first delivered on 5 October 2016, is derived from the 7X and has an extended range of 6,450 nmi (11,945 km; 7,423 mi) made possible through engine optimization, aerodynamic refinements as well as an increase in fuel capacity.[7]

Key Information

Falcon 7X

[edit]
Dassault Falcon 7X assembly line at Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport

Development

[edit]

Dassault launched the FNX at the 2001 Paris Air Show, aiming for a 10,500 km (5,700 nm) range at Mach 0.88, up from the Falcon 900EX's 8,300 km at Mach 0.84. Its new high-speed wing is 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) longer with 5° higher wing sweep than the 900 wing; while its fuselage is 20% longer, it keeps the same cabin cross-section but with a new curved windscreen. The trijet has a combined thrust of 18,000 lb (80 kN) provided by Honeywell FX5s, a new design, or a Pratt & Whitney Canada PW306 growth version. Based on Honeywell Primus Epic avionics, its EASy cockpit is developed for the Falcon 2000EX and 900EX and controls are fly-by-wire. Scheduled to fly in 2004, first deliveries were planned for mid-2006.[8]

With 41 deposits, it was named 7X in November with first flight slipping from late 2004 to early 2005 and certification planned for mid-2006. With a simplified structure to reduce cost and weight, the optimised high-transonic wing improves the lift-to-drag ratio by 10% over the supercritical wing of the Falcon 50 shared by previous Falcons. The cabin is 2.4 m (8 ft) longer than the 900 and has a lower 6,000 ft (1,800m) cabin altitude. The 6,100 lbf (27 kN) PW307A was finally selected, among other risk-sharing partners: Honeywell for avionics architecture, auxiliary power unit, air management system; with Parker Hannifin for the power generation system and wheels brakes; and TRW Aeronautical Systems for the hydromechanical flap and airbrake systems.[9]

Falcon 7X on taxiway, 14 cabin windows

With over 50 firm orders, it completed its first flight on 5 May 2005, flying for 1h 36min from Bordeaux-Merignac, starting a 1,200h flight test programme over 15 month: it climbed to 10,000 ft (3,000 m) for hydraulic, fuel, air data and landing gear extraction/retraction systems tests, then climbed to 25,000 ft for acceleration/deceleration tests and basic autopilot and autothrottle operations. The second Falcon 7X was planned to join in June of that year, and the third with a full interior in September that year for long-range, endurance tests and interior sound level validation: Dassault aims for a 52 dB sound level in the cabin, 4 dB lower than other Falcons. Certification slipped to late 2006 and first deliveries to early 2007.[5]

It was first presented to the public at the 2005 Paris Air Show. The aircraft has received its type certification from both the Federal Aviation Administration and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) on 27 April 2007.[10] The first 7X, MSN05, entered service on 15 June 2007.[3] The hundredth was delivered in November 2010.[11] It conducted high altitude airport tests at 4,400 m (14,500 ft) in Daocheng in 2014.[12]

Price

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In 2001, the Falcon 7X, at approximately $35 million (preproduction order price), was nearly $10 million less expensive than its nearest competitors in the long-range, large cabin market segment, including the Gulfstream G550 and Bombardier Global Express.[13] It was targeted to be priced for 2004 at 12% more than the $33 million top-of-the-range Falcon 900EX equipped: $39.6 million.[9] Its price was $37 million in 2005,[5] and $41 million in 2007.[14] In 2017, its list price was $54M, a three-to-four-year-old 7X was worth $27–34m and a seven-to-nine-year-old one cost $19–24M.[15] The latest market data for Q1 2020 shows 287 out of 289 aircraft currently in operation with an asking price range of $18,495,000–$24,800,000.[16]

In 2022, its equipped price was $54.2M.[17]

Design

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Planform view showing the 34.5° wing sweep
Falcon 7X Cockpit

The Falcon 7X is a three-engined cantilever monoplane with a low-positioned, highly swept wing. It has a horizontal stabiliser at mid-height and a retractable tricycle landing gear, and three rear-mounted Pratt & Whitney PW307A turbofan engines: two on the sides of the fuselage and one in a center position, and room for 19 passengers and three crew.[18] It is the first production Falcon jet with winglets.

It is the first fully fly-by-wire business jet and is equipped with the same avionics suite, the Honeywell Primus Epic "Enhanced Avionics System" (EASy), that was used on the Falcon 900EX and later on the Falcon 2000EX.[19]

The Falcon 7X is notable for its extensive use of computer-aided design, the manufacturer claiming it to be the "first aircraft to be designed entirely on a virtual platform", using Dassault Systèmes' CATIA and PLM products.[20]

Falcon 7X interior

In February 2010, Dassault Falcon and BMW Designworks were awarded the 2009 Good Design Award by the Chicago Athenaeum and the European Centre for Architecture Art Design for their collaboration on the new Falcon 7X interior option.[21] Due to special engine mounts and cabin isolators, the cabin is extremely quiet, below 50 dBA. It is available with a shower.[22]

Pitch trim incident

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EASA grounded the Falcon 7X fleet after a report from Dassault Aviation regarding an uncontrolled pitch trim runaway during descent in one of its jets in May 2011.[23][24] The aircraft pitched up to 41 degrees, with the load factor increasing to 4.6g, it climbed from 13,000 to 22,500 ft and the airspeed went from 300 to 125 kn.[25]

"This condition, if occurring again, could lead to loss of control of the aeroplane," the EASA notice said.[26] Initial results of investigation showed that there was a production defect in the Horizontal Stabilizer Electronic Control Unit which could have contributed to the cause of the event.[27] Dassault Aviation developed modifications in June 2011 to allow a return to flight.[28]

After four years of investigation, the Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile published its final report in June 2016. It was found that incorrect nose-up commands to the trimmable horizontal stabilizer were caused by a soldering defect on the pin of its electronic control unit provided by Rockwell Collins.[25]

Teterboro–London-City record

[edit]

On May 2, 2014, Dassault set a new speed record for the Falcon 7X of five hours and 54 minutes on a flight from New York Teterboro Airport to London City Airport.[29]

Falcon 8X

[edit]
Falcon 8X in flight (Paris Air Show 2019)

The 6,450 nmi (11,945 km; 7,423 mi) range Falcon 8X was announced at the European Business Aviation Convention & Exhibition in May 2014. Its cabin is 1.1 m (3.5 ft) longer than the 7X. With improvements to wing design and improved Pratt & Whitney Canada PW300, the 8X is up to 35% more fuel efficient than its competitors.[30]

The prototype, registered F-WWQA, first flew from Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport on 6 February 2015.[6] The Falcon 8X was added as a subtype of the Falcon 7X on the EASA type certificate on 24 June 2016 as modification M1000 for S/N 0401 and ongoing.[18] Dassault delivered the first Falcon 8X on 5 October 2016 to Greek business aviation operator Amjet Executive.[4] By October 2018, the Falcon 8X FalconEye EFVS was approved by the FAA and EASA for approaches down to 100 ft (30 m), and dual HUD FalconEye will allow EVS-to-land in 2020, without using natural vision.[31]

The three PW307D turbofans gained 320 lbf (1.4 kN) each, and are 1.5% more fuel efficient.[2] MTOW is increased from 70,000 to 73,000 lb (31.8 to 33.1 t) and fuel capacity is increased by 3,200 lb (1.5 t) for 500 nmi (926 km; 575 mi) more range.[2] The wing structure is 600 lb (270 kg) lighter, and more flexible for comfort, while operating empty weight is 200 lb (91 kg) heavier than the 7X despite the 3.5 ft (1.1 m) stretch.[2] A strict weight control allows most operators to match or best Dassault's 36,800 lb (16.7 t) estimate BOWs for a fully equipped aircraft with three crewmembers.[2] Its unmatched structural efficiency, with a OEW only half of MTOW, allow a superior fuel efficiency while its MTOW is less than a 4,100 nmi (7,593 km; 4,718 mi) Gulfstream IV-SP. The first hour fuel burn is 4,000 lb (1.8 t) while average cruise fuel burn is 2,250 lb (1.02 t) per h.[2] The 47 dB average cabin sound level is 2–3 dB lower than that of the Falcon 7X.[2] In 2022, its equipped price was $62.5M.[32]

Falcon 8X Archange

[edit]

The Falcon Archange is a militarized variant of the Falcon 8X under development for the French Air and Space Force. Launched under the ARCHANGE (Avion de Renseignement à CHArge utile de Nouvelle GEnération) strategic intelligence aircraft program in December 2019, it is intended for SIGINT and electronic warfare. The aircraft will be equipped with a Universal Electronic Warfare Capability (Capacité Universelle de Guerre Électronique or CUGE) developed by Thales.[33][34] The system will notably be able to detect and analyze radio emissions and radar signals simultaneously. Thales will supply multi-polarization antennas, as well as artificial intelligence technologies to enhance automatic processing. The information gathered by the systems will then be analyzed by eavesdropping and intelligence specialists and fed into the French Armed Forces' databases. The program also includes a ground training platform.[33] Two Falcon 8X Archange are on order, with an additional unit planned. Delivery of the first aircraft is expected in 2028.[33][34] Its first flight takes place on July 17, 2025.[35]

Operators

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Civil operators

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More than 260 Falcon 7X have been delivered between mid-2007 and March 2016 and the type has flown more than 440,000 hours. Europe has 117 aircraft, 45% of the fleet: 18 in Switzerland, 13 in France, eight in Luxembourg, seven in Belgium, Denmark, Germany and Portugal, six in Russia, four in Ukraine among others. Antwerp's Flying Group operates five aircraft, Shell Oil has four in Rotterdam and Dassault Falcon Service at Paris-Le Bourget manages four, as does Volkswagen AG in Wolfsburg. 20% of the fleet is in North America: more than 50 in the U.S., six in Canada and five in Mexico. In Asia-Pacific, 14 are in Hong Kong and 11 in China among others.[36] Planet Nine Private Air LLC, a premium ultra long range charter based in Los Angeles, operates five Falcon 7X. Jet charter and management company Clay Lacy Aviation operates Falcon 7X aircraft on both U.S. coasts.[37]

Corporate and charter operators use their Falcon 8Xs 600 to 850 hours per year, while individual operators fly theirs 300 to 400 hours per year. Air Alsie, in Denmark, operates five Falcon 8Xs and six Falcon 7Xs. Five 8Xs are based in Switzerland while Volkswagen, Global Jet Luxembourg and ExecuJet Europe each fly two 8Xs. Other operators have a single 8X each: Shell, Flying Group, Aviaservice Air in Kazan, Russia, NetJets Europe, TAG Aviation in Geneva, Switzerland, and Abelag Aviation. Six are based in the US including with Bechtel, Citrus Products, Energy Transfer Partners, Honeywell, Sony. Three are based in China, two in São Paulo, and others are registered in San Marino, Malta and Monaco, throughout the Mediterranean, Middle East and India.[2]

Sam Airways based in Senegal operates one Falcon 8X and one Falcon 7X.

Private owners of Falcon 7X aircraft include Bernie Ecclestone and Taylor Swift.[38]

As of 2025 Max Verstappen owns a Falcon 8X.

Government and military operators

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Nigerian Air Force Falcon 7X
 Australia
Royal Australian Air Force: three Falcon 7X leased for VVIP missions.[39][40]
 Belgium
Belgian Air Force: 2x Falcon 7X in military service (OO-LUM & OO-FAE) dry leased from Luxaviation (former Abelag Aviation).[41]
 Republic of the Congo
The Republic of the Congo used a Falcon 7X as a presidential transport until 2020, when the aircraft was seized and then auctioned off in 2023 for 7.1 million euros to partially satisfy a judgement debt.[42]
 Ecuador
Ecuadorian Air Force : One Falcon 7X (ID: FAE 052) for long-distance travel. Delivered November 4, 2013; first official trip November 25, 2013.
 Egypt
Egyptian Air Force: four Falcon 7X on order[43][44]
 France
French Air and Space Force
  • 2 Falcon 7X ordered and delivered.[45][36][46] In service since 2009, the two aircraft are part of the French presidential fleet (a fleet of 7 aircraft dedicated to presidential and government transport).[47][48]
  • 2 Falcon 8X Archange SIGINT/EW aircraft on order to succeed the Air and Space Force's Transall C-160 Gabriel, with 1 additional unit to be purchased.[49][34][50]
 Greece
Hellenic Air Force: One Falcon 7X[51]
 Hungary
Hungarian Air Force: Two[52] Falcon 7X[53][54] (HuAF606) (HuAF607)[55]
 Indonesia
Indonesian Air Force: Two Falcon 8X,[56] delivered as part of the first batch of the Indonesian Dassault Rafale contract.[57] Previously the Indonesian Air Force operated one Falcon 7X and one Falcon 8X[58] as interim planes for familiarization and training, stationed in 17th Air Squadron for VVIP transport.[57]
 Monaco
Albert II, Prince of Monaco: one Falcon 7X since 2013.[59]
 Namibia
Namibian government: one Falcon 7X[60]
 Nigeria
Nigerian Air Force: Two Falcon 7X
 Russia
Two such aircraft (with registration numbers RA-09007,[61] RA-09009[citation needed]) use the Russian special flight squad based on the state-owned Rossiya Airlines to transport the highest officials of the state.
 Zimbabwe
President Emmerson Mnangagwa of Zimbabwe took delivery of a Falcon 7X in March 2023.[62]

Specifications

[edit]
Variant 7X[63] 8X[64]
Cockpit crew Two[18]
Capacity 12 to 16 passengers
Cabin section 2.34 m (7.67 ft) width, 1.88 m (6.17 ft) headroom
Cabin length[a] 11.91 m (39.07 ft) 13 m (42.67 ft)
Length 23.38 m (76.08 ft) 24.46 m (80.2 ft)
Height 7.83 m (25.67 ft) 7.94 m (26.1 ft)
Wingspan 26.21 m (86 ft) 26.29 m (86.25 ft)
Wing area 70.7 m2 (761 sq ft)[18]
Wing loading 449 kg/m2 (92 lb/sq ft) 468 kg/m2 (96 lb/sq ft)
MTOW 31,751 kg (70,000 lb) 33,113 kg (73,000 lb)
Max payload 1,996 kg (4,400 lb) 2,223 kg (4,900 lb)
Fuel capacity 14,488 kg (31,940 lb) 15,830 kg (34,900 lb)
BOW[65] 16,601 kg (36,600 lb) 16,375 kg (36,100 lb)
Turbofans (×3) P&WC PW307A P&WC PW307D
Thrust 28.48 kN (6,402 lbf) 29.9 kN (6,722 lbf)
Range (8 passengers) 5,950 nmi (11,019 km; 6,847 mi) 6,450 nmi (11,945 km; 7,423 mi)
Ceiling 15,545 m (51,000 ft)
Max speed Mach 0.9 (516 kn; 956 km/h; 594 mph)
Cruise speed Mach 0.8 (459 kn; 850 km/h; 528 mph)
Takeoff BFL[b] 1,740 m (5,710 ft) 1,829 m (6,000 ft)
Landing[c] 631 m (2,070 ft) 656 m (2,150 ft)
Avionics Falcon Enhanced Avionics System (EASy) Flight Deck

See also

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Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Dassault Falcon 7X

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
The is a large-cabin, tri-engine developed and manufactured by French aerospace company for ultra-long-range private and corporate transport.
Introduced to bridge the gap between midsize and very large jets, it incorporates controls derived from Dassault's expertise, enabling precise handling and enhanced safety margins.
The prototype achieved its first flight on 5 May 2005, with certification and entry into service following in June 2007; production spanned until 2023, yielding approximately 300 aircraft that remain in widespread operation for their efficiency and reliability.
Key performance includes a maximum range of 5,950 nautical miles at long-range cruise speeds, a high-speed cruise of Mach 0.90, and a cabin configurable for up to 16 passengers with dimensions supporting stand-up comfort and low cabin altitude for reduced fatigue on transoceanic routes.
Praised for via its PW307A engines and supercritical wing design, the 7X achieved commercial success as one of the top-selling jets in its class, later evolving into the extended-range Falcon 8X variant.

Development

Origins and Announcement

Dassault Aviation announced the Falcon 7X program at the in June 2001, introducing it as a clean-sheet to succeed the Falcon 900EX and other predecessors in the company's lineup. The initiative aimed to address evolving demands in the executive aviation sector for greater range and efficiency, positioning the aircraft as a competitor to emerging ultra-long-range twins from North American manufacturers. The configuration was selected to preserve advantages in engine redundancy—retaining two-thirds thrust during single-engine failure—and enhanced short-field performance, drawing directly from Dassault's heritage with aircraft like series and Rafale fighter, which informed the integration of advanced digital controls from the outset. This design philosophy prioritized causal reliability for transoceanic operations over the fuel efficiency gains of twinjets, reflecting market needs for nonstop capabilities exceeding 5,000 nautical miles, such as potential New York-to-Tokyo routings under typical loads. At launch, preliminary specifications outlined a maximum range of 5,950 nautical miles at a long-range cruise speed of Mach 0.80, with the aircraft powered by three PW307A engines and featuring a fully digital system for stability augmentation. These parameters underscored the program's focus on balancing extended endurance with the operational flexibility inherent to Dassault's tradition.

Design Process and Testing

The Dassault Falcon 7X represented a milestone in aircraft design as the first fully developed using a 3D digital mock-up (DMU) environment, powered by ' CATIA software for end-to-end virtual simulation of , structural loads, and systems integration. This approach enabled complete digital verification of assemblies, reducing integration errors and structural weight by allowing precise predictive modeling of interactions without extensive physical mock-ups. Pre-flight validation included wind tunnel testing of scaled models at facilities such as the European Windtunnel (ETW), where high-Reynolds-number simulations replicated cruise flight conditions to refine shapes, control surface effectiveness, and drag reduction. These tests informed causal adjustments to wing sweep and thickness distribution, prioritizing performance and stability margins. Flight trials commenced with the first prototype's on May 5, 2005, from Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport, lasting 1 hour and 36 minutes and initially operating in flight-control backup modes before transitioning to normal law. The test program accumulated over 1,700 flight hours across three prototypes, rigorously validating the digital system derived from heritage, including sensor calibration, envelope protection against and , and fault-tolerant . Emphasis was placed on trijet-specific handling, such as asymmetric thrust management and yaw stability, with data confirming a 30% improvement in over prior Falcon models through optimized wing planform and high-lift devices. These efforts empirically demonstrated enhanced , with the 7X achieving roughly 13-15% lower hourly fuel consumption than quadjet peers like the Gulfstream G550 on equivalent long-range missions, attributable to the rear-engine layout minimizing drag and enabling lighter forward structures.

Certification, Entry into Service, and Production History

The Dassault Falcon 7X achieved type certification from both the and the on April 27, 2007, following resolution of challenges in validating its advanced digital flight control system during extensive testing. This approval enabled commercial operations after the aircraft's first flight in May 2005 and addressed regulatory requirements for its configuration and electronic systems. Entry into service occurred shortly thereafter, with the first production Falcon 7X delivered on June 14, 2007, to a U.S. customer following completion at Dassault's facility in ; it arrived at Airport in the next day, marking the model's operational debut. Production ramped up from 2007, achieving peak annual rates of approximately 30-36 aircraft in the late 2000s before stabilizing amid the 2008 global financial crisis, which slowed demand and influenced delivery pacing alongside supply chain factors for PW307A engines. Overall, Dassault manufactured around 300 Falcon 7X units through 2023, when the program concluded to prioritize the enhanced Falcon 8X variant introduced in 2016; sustained orders cleared initial backlogs by the early 2010s, underscoring empirical market acceptance despite economic headwinds.

Design and Engineering

Airframe and Aerodynamics

The Dassault Falcon 7X employs a configuration with two wing-mounted engines and a centrally located third engine integrated via an intake in the tail, which minimizes aerodynamic interference and reduces by shielding the engine from direct line-of-sight. This layout supports a length of 76 feet 1 inch (23.18 m), constructed primarily from aluminum alloys with composite reinforcements to balance strength and weight, enabling efficient pressurization to maintain a cabin altitude of 6,000 feet at a cruise altitude of 410. The airframe's low-wing design features a supercritical with a span of 86 feet (26.21 m), incorporating swept-back sections and blended winglets that reduce induced drag by approximately 5-7% during cruise, as validated through (CFD) simulations corroborated by testing. The flight control system leverages this structure's relaxed static stability, allowing for optimized handling characteristics without mechanical feedback systems, while empirical data from subscale model tests confirm aerodynamic predictions within 2% accuracy.

Propulsion System

The Dassault Falcon 7X is equipped with three PW307A high-bypass ratio engines mounted at the rear , each rated at 6,402 lbf (28.5 kN) of . These engines incorporate full-authority digital engine control () systems for optimized management, automatic performance adjustments, and fault-tolerant operation across varying flight conditions. The combined of 19,206 lbf supports short-field capability, with a balanced field length of 5,750 ft (1,750 m) at (MTOW) of 70,000 lb under sea-level standard conditions. The PW307A engines feature a five-stage axial-centrifugal and advanced fan technology, contributing to reduced specific consumption compared to earlier-generation turbofans in the same class. In long-range cruise at Mach 0.80, the propulsion system enables burn rates approximately 20-30% lower than competitors like the Gulfstream G550, supporting a 5,950 nm NBAA IFR range with eight passengers. This efficiency stems from the engines' high and integration with the aircraft's lightweight airframe, rather than novel features like geared fans, which are absent in the PW300 series. The layout provides redundancy by allowing safe diversion on two s, bypassing the stringent ETOPS certification and dispatch restrictions required for twin- long-range operations over remote areas. While initial acquisition and maintenance costs are higher due to the third , the configuration enhances dispatch reliability without compromising reserves for extended flights. is stored in wing and tanks with a total capacity of 31,940 lb (14,490 kg), cross-feed capabilities, and booster pumps ensuring balanced distribution and supply even under single-point failures.

Flight Controls and Avionics

The Dassault Falcon 7X features a fully digital (FBW) primary flight control system, the first such implementation in a , utilizing sidestick controllers with twenty sensors per stick to transmit pilot inputs to three primary flight control computers and three secondary backups for enhanced . This triple-redundant architecture employs actuator control electronics with multiple hydraulic and electrical power sources, transitioning through flight control laws—normal, alternate, and direct—to maintain controllability under single or multiple failures, with the normal law providing active stability augmentation. The system's design achieves a probability exceeding 10^{-9} per flight hour across critical functions, comparable to structural components like wing spars, through rigorous fault-tree analysis and validation. The suite centers on the Primus Epic-based Enhanced Avionics System (EASy II), integrating four large liquid-crystal displays—typically 14.1-inch panels—for primary flight, navigation, engine, and system synoptics, reducing pilot workload via a unified interface derived from military-derived factors . Envelope protection functions in normal law actively prevent stalls, overspeeds, and excessive bank angles by modulating control surfaces independently of pilot input, preserving energy margins without disengagement during nominal operations. An optional (HUD) with enhanced vision system (EVS) overlays infrared imagery and flight symbology on a 36° x 30° field-of-view combiner, supporting low-visibility approaches certified to FAA Category IIIA standards. Later production and retrofit options include upgrades to EASy IV, introduced around 2020, which add synthetic vision system (SVS) for 3D terrain rendering on primary displays, increased processing for graphical , and automated with volumetric scanning to further mitigate situational awareness risks in complex environments. These enhancements, while optional for early 7X aircraft, stem from iterative simulator validations prioritizing causal failure modes over legacy analog designs, maintaining the core FBW emphasis on probabilistic safety margins.

Cabin and Interior Features

The Dassault Falcon 7X features a three-zone cabin divided into forward, mid, and aft sections, typically seating 12 to 16 passengers in executive configurations. The interior measures 39.1 feet in length, 7.8 feet in width at the widest point, and 6.2 feet in height, providing 1,552 cubic feet of volume plus 140 cubic feet of baggage space. This layout supports versatile arrangements, including club seating, divans, and conference tables, with standard amenities such as forward and aft lavatories and a . Advanced pressurization maintains a cabin altitude of 3,950 feet at a 41,000-foot cruise, lower than typical business jets, which physiological studies link to reduced , , and symptoms by preserving higher oxygen and . Cabin air is refreshed every two to three minutes with HEPA-filtered outside air, and temperature is held constant within one degree across zones. Noise levels remain below 50 decibels, achieved via composite panels, engine pylon isolators, and acoustic insulation, quieter than normal conversation and enabling productive work or rest. Interiors are customizable through Dassault's design services, incorporating options like lie-flat beds for up to six passengers, premium leathers, woods, and integrated systems with high-speed connectivity. Operator surveys indicate high satisfaction with the cabin's quietness and utilization, with owners praising its over rivals featuring longer but narrower fuselages that limit zone flexibility. Maintenance data from early adopters confirms durable interiors, with refurbishments possible in weeks for components like seating.

Performance and Capabilities

Range, Speed, and Efficiency

The Dassault Falcon 7X achieves a maximum range of 5,950 nautical miles (11,019 km) at long-range cruise conditions, configured with eight passengers, three members, and NBAA IFR reserves, enabling nonstop transcontinental and transoceanic flights such as New York to . High-speed cruise is rated at Mach 0.85 (approximately 492 knots ), while long-range cruise operates at Mach 0.80 (approximately 459 knots), with a maximum operating of 0.90. In cruise, the exhibits a burn rate of approximately 2,500 pounds per hour, derived from operational showing around 385-394 U.S. gallons per hour at typical altitudes and weights. This efficiency stems from the configuration's PW307A engines, which maintain a specific consumption (SFC) around 0.45 lb/lbf-hr at cruise, optimizing distribution for balanced without excess power common in twin-engine designs. Independent analyses indicate the 7X consumes 11-15% less than the Gulfstream G550 on equivalent missions, attributed to lower drag from advanced and efficient engine bypass ratios, though the G550 offers marginally greater range at higher cruise speeds. Climb performance supports rapid ascent to operational altitudes, reaching Flight Level 410 (approximately 41,000 feet) directly from maximum takeoff weight in about 25 minutes, facilitating quicker entry into efficient stratospheric cruise layers even in hot-and-high conditions where the trijet's central engine provides superior thrust-to-weight balance over twins.
Performance MetricValueConditions
Maximum Range5,950 nm8 pax, Mach 0.80 cruise, NBAA IFR reserves
High-Speed CruiseMach 0.85 (492 ktas)Typical mission weights
Long-Range CruiseMach 0.80 (459 ktas)Fuel-optimized profile
Cruise Fuel Burn~2,500 lb/hrMid-cruise altitude
Time to FL410~25 minMax takeoff weight

Operational Envelope

The Dassault Falcon 7X exhibits a balanced field length of 5,710 feet for takeoff at under (ISA) conditions and () of 70,000 pounds. Its distance measures 2,120 feet at ISA with typical weight. These figures enable operations from a wide array of airports, including those with constrained runways, while maintaining certification standards for balanced field performance that account for engine scenarios during takeoff or . The aircraft supports steep approach procedures, certified for a 5.5-degree glideslope, permitting access to facilities like , which imposes stringent vertical and horizontal path requirements for noise abatement and terrain clearance. This capability stems from advanced controls and integration, allowing precise alignment with the airport's offset threshold. In hot-and-high conditions, the Falcon 7X requires approximately 8,045 feet for takeoff at 5,000 feet elevation and 25°C ambient temperature, attributable to the PW307A engines' flat-rated of 6,402 pounds per engine up to sea-level ISA+15°C, combined with a of 92 pounds per . The design's low relative to MTOW facilitates initial climb gradients exceeding regulatory minima even in density altitudes above 10,000 feet, enhancing versatility for high-elevation sites. Fully loaded at MTOW, the Falcon 7X can utilize runways as short as 4,900 feet under standard conditions, outperforming typical ultra-long-range peers in short-field access without necessitating fuel offloads for departure from congested urban hubs. This operational flexibility arises from optimized and propulsion margins, validated through empirical and data.

Variants

Falcon 8X

![Dassault Falcon 8X at Paris Air Show](./assets/Dassault_Falcon_8X%252C_Paris_Air_Show_2019%252C_Le_Bourget_SIAE8602SIAE8602 The Falcon 8X is an evolutionary development of the Falcon 7X, introduced in May 2014 to extend range and enhance cabin quietness while retaining the core architecture and configuration. It features redesigned wings with a span of 86 feet 3 inches (26.29 meters), slightly wider than the 7X's 86 feet (26.21 meters), incorporating lighter internal architecture, advanced winglets, and more fuel capacity for reduced drag and improved efficiency. The aircraft achieved its first flight on February 6, 2015, received European Agency certification in June 2016, and entered service later that year, supplanting 7X production. Powered by three PW307D turbofans each delivering 6,722 pounds-force (29.9 kN) of thrust—a 5% increase over the 7X's engines—the 8X achieves a maximum range of 6,450 nautical miles (11,945 km), enabling nonstop transatlantic or transpacific legs such as New York to . Enhancements include engine chevrons for noise abatement, advanced composites in the , and superior , resulting in cabin noise levels averaging below 50 decibels— quieter than the already low-noise 7X and among the lowest in its class. Aerodynamic refinements, including optimized flap tracks and wingtip devices, contribute to a 2% drag reduction and corresponding burn improvement from the engines, yielding overall gains of up to 30% relative to competitors, though direct comparisons to the 7X emphasize incremental 2% consumption reductions. New aircraft list prices approximate $60 million, reflecting and capabilities that prioritize long-range performance with minimal operational trade-offs.

Falcon 8X Archange

The Falcon 8X Archange is a militarized (SIGINT) variant of the business jet, developed specifically for the as part of the Archange strategic airborne program. It features airframe modifications by to integrate mission systems, including the Capacité Universelle de Guerre Électronique (CUGE) universal electronic warfare suite and Thales-provided SIGINT equipment for electronic (ELINT) and communications . The program aims to replace the retired Transall C-160G aircraft, divested in May 2022, with a platform offering enhanced endurance and modern sensors while leveraging the Falcon 8X's baseline configuration, digital flight controls, and approximately 6,450 range. Ordered on December 30, 2019, by the French Defense Procurement Agency (DGA), the Archange initiative encompasses three aircraft produced in low volume to meet classified operational needs, with Dassault handling structural reinforcements and system integrations for modularity in mission reconfiguration. Public details remain limited due to the sensitive nature of SIGINT capabilities, focusing verifiable applications on gathering rather than disclosed combat or direct support roles; the retains the civil 8X's performance envelope for sustained loiter times but prioritizes compatibility for underwing pods or internal bays housing antennas and processors. The first Archange prototype achieved its on July 28, 2025, from Dassault's Mérignac facility, marking the start of for and operational integration. Deliveries to the are scheduled between 2026 and 2028, delayed from initial 2023-2025 targets to accommodate system maturation and testing of the CUGE suite's with existing French ISR assets. This variant draws on Dassault's experience with fighter-derived electronics, enabling self-protection features like warning receivers, though specifics are not publicly detailed beyond the core SIGINT mission.

Operational History

Notable Achievements and Records

In May 2014, a Dassault Falcon 7X established a transatlantic speed record by completing the 3,470-nautical-mile flight from in to in 5 hours and 54 minutes, maintaining an average cruise speed of Mach 0.88 for most of the journey. This achievement highlighted the aircraft's unique combination of long-range capability and short-field performance, enabling operations into constrained airports like London City, which requires a steep 5.5-degree approach and has a runway length of just 1,500 meters. The Falcon 7X fleet has logged over 500,000 flight hours since its entry into service in 2007, reflecting sustained operational maturity across hundreds of delivered worldwide. Operators report a dispatch reliability rate of 99.5% under National Business Aviation Association standards, underscoring the trijet's mechanical dependability and support infrastructure.

Commercial and Governmental Use

The is primarily employed in by corporations and high-net-worth individuals for executive transportation, with annual flight hours typically ranging from 300 to 400 for wholly owned and 600 to 850 for those in fleets. Approximately 290 Falcon 7X jets remain active worldwide as of 2025, comprising a fleet where the vast majority are under full private ownership and only a handful participate in fractional programs. The distribution skews heavily toward and , accounting for the bulk of operations. In governmental service, the Falcon 7X supports VIP transport, , and official missions for various air forces, including the , Royal Australian Air Force's No. 34 Squadron, , , and . These variants often incorporate specialized modifications such as enhanced satellite communications for secure airborne connectivity and government operations. The aircraft operates across more than 20 countries, benefiting from a low retirement rate due to its durable construction and sustained reliability in demanding roles.

Safety and Incidents

2011 Pitch Trim Incident

On May 24, 2011, a Dassault Falcon 7X registered HB-JFN, operated by Swiss-based Jet-Link AG on a positioning flight from Nuremberg, Germany, to Subang Airport near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, experienced an uncommanded nose-up pitch trim runaway during descent northeast of Kuala Lumpur at approximately 12,000 feet and 300 knots indicated airspeed. The trimmable horizontal stabilizer deflected to its maximum upward limit, causing the pitch attitude to rapidly increase to 41 degrees, with the aircraft reaching a vertical speed of 11,000 feet per minute upward. The pilot flying, leveraging prior military training, recovered control by applying a steep 40- to 80-degree bank angle for about 20 seconds, combined with opposite rudder and sidestick inputs to unload the stabilizer; the event lasted 2 minutes and 36 seconds until an electric motor overheat triggered a system bypass. No injuries occurred, and the aircraft landed uneventfully at Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport. The Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses (BEA) investigation identified the root cause as a defect on a pin in the (HSECU, part number 051244-04), which created an intermittent , generating erroneous continuous nose-up trim commands from the backup trim system during high-speed descent conditions. This defect affected early-production Falcon 7X lacking sufficient in the HSECU solder joints, allowing the fault to propagate without immediate detection. The BEA report noted organizational shortcomings at and oversight authorities, including inadequate manufacturing quality controls and insufficient simulator training for runaway trim scenarios, which contributed to the incident's potential severity. In response, the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and (FAA) issued emergency airworthiness directives on May 26, 2011, grounding the global fleet of 112 Falcon 7X aircraft pending inspections and modifications. Dassault implemented hardware inspections of all HSECU units, solder joint reinforcements, and software updates to enhance fault detection and trim runaway procedures, with over 1,000 units examined. The fleet returned to service progressively starting June 16, 2011, after verification flights and mandatory pilot retraining emphasizing manual recovery techniques. No subsequent pitch trim runaways have been reported in the Falcon 7X fleet following these interventions.

Overall Safety Record and Improvements

The Dassault Falcon 7X has maintained a hull-loss accident rate of zero, with no fatalities recorded in operational service through 2025, despite accumulating over 250,000 flight hours across more than 200 aircraft by the mid-2010s. This performance contrasts with broader business jet fatal accident rates of approximately 0.48 to 1.68 per million flight hours in various studied periods, underscoring the model's empirical safety edge in avoiding catastrophic events. Incidents have been limited primarily to non-fatal ground occurrences and in-flight anomalies recoverable via fly-by-wire redundancies, such as a 2016 loss-of-control event attributed to a manufacturing defect in an electronic component, which pilots mitigated without structural damage. Post-incident analyses prompted targeted enhancements, including hardware modifications to flight control units and software updates that bolstered automated protections against trim malfunctions, enabling fleet return to service after temporary groundings. These data-driven interventions, informed by real-time logging, improved compared to legacy mechanical systems, with the enabling probabilistic failure assessments exceeding 10^-9 for critical functions. Dispatch reliability evolved from early challenges—where fleet-wide figures fell short of 99% due to integration complexities in the ambitious suite—to strong operational metrics, supported by service bulletins addressing serial-specific vulnerabilities. Early adoption of fully digital controls introduced teething issues from rapid technological ambition, including defects and trim anomalies that conservative mechanical designs in rival jets avoided initially, as noted in operator feedback. However, causal root-cause resolutions via empirical fleet data and iterative upgrades yielded superior long-term metrics, with the system's protections preventing excursions beyond structural limits—outpacing peers in sustained incident-free longevity. This trajectory reflects first-principles prioritization of redundancy and simulation-validated fixes over incrementalism, though aviation authorities emphasized enhanced training to mitigate human factors in complex digital interfaces.

Market and Reception

Pricing, Costs, and Sales

The for a new Dassault Falcon 7X reached approximately $54 million by the end of production in 2016. In , used models typically sell for $15.9 million to $28.5 million, with prices varying by production year, airframe hours (often under 5,000 for mid-life examples), and compliance with programs like Dassault's EASy upgrades. Hourly direct operating costs average around $5,900, encompassing at approximately $2,400 (based on $6 per and 380 s per hour burn), $1,500 in engine reserves, and $2,000 in and miscellaneous variables; fixed annual costs add about $1 million for , , and . The design elevates by 10-15% over twinjets due to the center engine, yet fleet data indicate 20% fewer unscheduled removals, enhancing overall dispatch reliability and offsetting expenses through reduced downtime. Dassault delivered roughly 300 Falcon 7X units from 2007 to 2023, reflecting steady demand among high-net-worth individuals and corporations despite competition from longer-range successors like the 8X. Resale values hold firm at 50-60% of original after 10-15 years, driven by conservative flight profiles (average under 400 hours annually) and PW307A engines accumulating few cycles relative to time in service.

Competition, Criticisms, and Achievements

The Dassault Falcon 7X competes in the ultra-long-range market against aircraft such as the Gulfstream G550 and Bombardier Global 7500. It demonstrates superior short-field capability, with a balanced field of approximately 5,710 feet at compared to the G550's 6,300 feet, allowing access to over 90% of the world's 7,000-foot runways. However, the 7X's cabin measures 39 feet in , shorter than the G550's 50 feet or the Global 7500's 54 feet, potentially limiting configurations for larger groups. favors the 7X, which burns 25-30% less fuel than equivalents like the G550 (347 gallons per hour versus 402 gallons per hour), enabling lower operating costs per despite its design. Criticisms of the 7X center on its configuration, which elevates maintenance complexity and costs relative to twin- rivals in an industry shifting toward simpler, more -efficient two-engine architectures; operators note higher overhaul expenses and perceive the third engine as outdated for ETOPS-compliant overwater operations. Environmentally, a typical transatlantic crossing (e.g., New York to ) consumes around 2,500-3,000 gallons of , emitting 20-30 metric tons of CO2, with private jets like the 7X generating 5-14 times more CO2 per passenger-kilometer than commercial flights due to lower average occupancy (often 2-4 passengers versus 150+). Lifecycle assessments confirm private aviation's higher per-passenger emissions footprint, though high-utilization models (e.g., ) mitigate some inefficiency claims compared to underused personal ownership. Achievements include pioneering fully digital development via 3D mock-up technology, which eliminated physical prototypes, reduced assembly time by 50%, and cut overall program costs by one-third to about $300 million, accelerating and production. The 7X also exhibits strong operational reliability, with dispatch rates exceeding 99% in mature fleets and low turnover—only 5% of units listed for sale as of 2024—reflecting owner preference for its durability over competitors reliant on larger government-subsidized programs.

Specifications

Dassault Falcon 7X

The Dassault Falcon 7X is a with a of two pilots and typical passenger capacity of 12 to 16. Its overall length measures 76 ft 1 in (23.19 m), wingspan 86 ft (26.21 m), and height 25 ft 8 in (7.83 m).
ParameterValue
Maximum takeoff weight70,000 lb (31,751 kg)
Engines3 × PW307A turbofans, each 6,402 lbf (28.49 kN)
Maximum speedMach 0.90 (511 kn; 954 km/h)
Cruise speedMach 0.80 (459 kn; 850 km/h)
Range5,950 nmi (11,020 km; 6,847 mi; 8 pax, NBAA IFR reserves)
Service ceiling51,000 ft (15,545 m)
Takeoff distance (SL, ISA, MTOW)5,360 ft (1,635 m) balanced field length
Landing distance (SL, typical weight)2,415 ft (735 m)
Fuel capacity31,940 lb (14,490 kg)

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