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Hun Manet[a] (born 20 October 1977) is a Cambodian politician and military officer who has served as Prime Minister of Cambodia and Vice President of the ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP) since 2023. He is the second child of Senate president and former prime minister Hun Sen and Bun Rany.

Key Information

Manet grew up in Phnom Penh, where he received his general education before joining the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) in 1995. That same year, he was admitted to the United States Military Academy at West Point, becoming the first Cambodian to graduate from the academy in 1999. Prior to entering politics, he served in the Royal Cambodian Army (RCA), rising to the positions of deputy commander-in-chief and commander of the Royal Cambodian Army.

Following the 2023 general election, his father announced his resignation as prime minister on 26 July, designating Manet as his successor. After receiving a royal nomination from King Norodom Sihamoni, Manet and his cabinet were unanimously approved by the National Assembly and formally sworn into office on 22 August 2023. As prime minister, he has overseen major infrastructure projects such as the construction of the Funan Techo Canal and the completion of Siem Reap–Angkor International Airport and Techo International Airport. His government has also managed challenges including U.S. tariffs on Cambodian goods and the Cambodia–Thailand border conflict.

Early life and education

[edit]

Hun Manet was born on 20 October 1977 in Koh Thmar village, Memot District, Kampong Cham Province, in the Khmer Rouge-ruled Democratic Kampuchea as the second son of Hun Sen and Bun Rany.[1] He is of Teochew Chinese heritage through his paternal grandfather Hun Neang.[2][3] His maternal grandparents were also of Chinese descent.[4][5] According to Sen, on the night of Manet's birth, a bright light flew over the roof of the house leading Sen to believe that his son was born from a supernatural being worshipped in Koh Thmar village.[6]

Manet grew up and received his general education in Phnom Penh and later joined the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) in 1995, the same year he entered the United States Military Academy. Having received his diploma in May 1999, he became the first Cambodian academy graduate and one of only seven foreign cadets to graduate that year.[7] Upon graduation from West Point, he received his bachelor's degree in economics and a commission as a lieutenant in the Royal Cambodian Army (RCA). He also received a Master of Arts in economics from New York University in 2002 and a Doctor of Philosophy in economics from the University of Bristol in 2009. His doctoral thesis was titled "What determines the firm size distribution and structural integration? A cross-county study".[8]

Military service

[edit]
Hun Manet, as lieutenant general, meets with Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida in Tokyo, 16 February 2022.

Manet joined the RCAF in 1995, the same year he entered the United States Military Academy. He became a major general in January 2011, just months after being named deputy commander of the Royal Cambodian Army and deputy chief of the RCAF Joint Staff.[9] Manet played a prominent role in negotiations during the 2008 Cambodian–Thai stand-off. He became a lieutenant general in June 2013[10] and was later promoted to a four-star general in July 2018, coinciding with his new responsibilities as deputy commander-in-chief of the RCAF.[11] His younger brother, Hun Manith, also serves in the RCAF, as a brigadier general. On 20 April 2023, Manet was officially promoted to four-star general. Minister of Defence Tea Banh described Manet's promotion as a reflection of his efforts to "serve the nation, military and Cambodian people".[12]

On 30 June 2018, weeks before the parliamentary elections, Hun Sen appointed Manet to higher military positions in a bid to prepare his son for the premiership when he retired from politics or died, effectively solidifying the Hun political dynasty in Cambodia.[13] Hun Sen had mentioned Manet as his potential successor.[14]

Political career

[edit]

In June 2020, Manet was promoted to head of the CPP's youth wing.[15]

He had been mentioned by both media outlets and Hun Sen himself as a candidate for prime minister.[16][17][18] On 4 December 2021, Manet was unanimously elected by the CPP Central Committee to be the party's future candidate for prime minister after Hun Sen, making him the prime minister-in-waiting.[19]

On 7 August 2023, King Norodom Sihamoni issued a royal decree appointing Manet as Prime Minister of Cambodia and commissioning Manet to form a cabinet.[20]

Shortly after his rise to the premiership, Manet hosted Universal Peace Federation's delegation, a South Korean organization started by Unification Church founder Sun Myung Moon, at the Peace Palace.[21]

Premiership

[edit]
Manet with Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, US President Donald Trump, and Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul after the signing of the "Kuala Lumpur Peace Accords" in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 26 October 2025.
With Philippine president Bongbong Marcos in Manila, 11 February 2025.
Manet speaks with US President Donald Trump prior to the signing of the Kuala Lumpur Peace Accord, 26 October 2025

Hun Sen publicly announced his endorsement of Manet's candidacy for prime minister for the first time in December 2021.[18] Although Manet never publicly expressed interest in the role, he received strong support from several government ministers and party members as well as the influential CPP Standing Committee.[22] Hun Sen stressed, however, that succession would not take place until after the 2028 election.[citation needed]

Manet stood as a first-ranked candidate in Phnom Penh for the National Assembly in the 2023 general election, a requirement to be appointed prime minister.[23] Three days after the election in which the CPP claimed a landslide victory, Hun Sen announced his resignation and confirmed that Manet would be the new prime minister.[24][25] The new cabinet was sworn in on 22 August.[25] Upon appointment as prime minister, Manet was granted the highest civilian honorary title of Samdech Moha Borvor Thipadei Hun Manet (Khmer Romanization Samțec Mahapavaradhipatī Hun Manet) (Khmer: សម្តេចមហាបវរធិបតី;[b] meaning "Great Lord and Supreme Leader Hun Manet").[26]

The election was widely criticized by international observers as being held in a restrictive political environment and neither free nor fair; the main opposition party was disqualified two months before the election, and an opposition leader was imprisoned.[27][28][29][30] On 7 August, King Norodom Sihamoni issued a royal decree officially nominating Manet as the new prime minister. He invited Manet to form a new government for the seventh mandate, subject to a vote of confidence from the National Assembly on 22 August.[20][31] Manet's cabinet was confirmed unanimously by the National Assembly on 22 August.[32] In February 2024, Manet promoted his younger brother Hun Many to deputy prime minister alongside his current role as civil service minister.[33]

One of Manet's official acts as prime minister was to ban musical truck horns in March 2024, saying he was disturbed by “dancing on the street to the musical beats of big cars”.[34] Manet also instructed authorities to upgrade rail transport across Cambodia.[35] On 5 August 2024, his administration launched the controversial Funan Techo Canal Project which would link the Mekong River to Cambodia's coast, significantly reducing the country's reliance on Vietnamese ports.[36] The Cambodia–Laos–Vietnam Development Triangle Area (CLV-DTA) has also come under public scrutiny over concerns that four of the country's provinces would be ceded to its neighbours.[37] Cambodia eventually withdrew from CLV-DTA on 23 September.[38]

In July 2025, his government passed legislation allowing for citizenship to be revoked, targeting those who conspire with foreign nations.[39]

Thailand border clash

[edit]
Further information: 2025 Cambodia–Thailand border crisis

As prime minister, Manet presided over an escalation of the 2025 Cambodia–Thailand border conflict in July.[40] On 7 August, Manet nominated U.S. president Donald Trump for a Nobel Peace Prize following his role in facilitating a ceasefire.[41] On 26 October, Manet and Thai prime minister Anutin Charnvirakul officially signed the "Kuala Lumpur Peace Accord", witnessed by Malaysian prime minister Anwar Ibrahim and U.S. president Donald Trump.[42]

Personal life

[edit]
Cambodia First Lady Pich Chanmony

Hun Manet is married to Pich Chanmony, the daughter of Pich Sophoan, a former secretary of state at the Ministry of Labour.[43]

Electoral history

[edit]

National Assembly

[edit]
Election List No. Constituency Votes Result
Total % Rank
2023 CPP 1 Phnom Penh 627,436 82.26% 1st Elected

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]

See also

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Hun Manet

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from Grokipedia
Hun Manet (Khmer: ហ៊ុន ម៉ាណែត, born 20 October 1977) is a Cambodian general and politician serving as the since 22 August 2023. The eldest son of former , he assumed the office following the Cambodian People's Party's (CPP) sweeping victory in the July 2023 general election, securing 120 of 125 seats, in a process marked by the dissolution of major opposition parties and restrictions on . Educated in with a from the at West Point (1999), a from (2002), and a PhD from the (2008), Manet joined the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces in 1995 and advanced to four-star general, commanding the army and before his political appointment. His leadership emphasizes the "Pentagonal Strategy" for , including infrastructure projects like the Techo Canal and public sector reforms, though these occur within Cambodia's entrenched one-party dominance under the CPP, raising questions about the prospects for political liberalization despite his Western academic background.

Early life and education

Family background and upbringing

Hun Manet was born on October 20, 1977, in Memot District, (now part of Tbong Khmum Province), , during the regime. He is the biological son of , a cadre who defected to Vietnamese forces in mid-1977 shortly before Manet's birth, and , a nurse who later became a prominent political figure as president of the Red Cross of . The couple had married earlier that year amid the regime's turmoil. As the eldest son among Hun Sen's five children, Manet has three siblings: brothers and , and sisters Hun Mana and Hun Maly, all of whom have held influential positions in Cambodian , , or . His paternal grandfather, , was of partial Teochew Chinese descent, tracing family roots to Chinese immigrants in . Manet's early childhood was marked by instability due to the Vietnamese invasion of in late 1978 and subsequent ; as an infant and toddler, he lived primarily with his mother while his father fought against remnants and other factions. Following the establishment of the in 1979, the family relocated to , where Manet grew up in relative privilege as his father's political ascent began, though amid ongoing and economic hardship through the 1980s. He received his primary and in the capital, attending institutions such as Preah Sisovath High School.

Academic and military training

Hun Manet enlisted in the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces in 1995 at age 18, marking the start of his military service. That year, he enrolled at the United States Military Academy at West Point, the first Cambodian cadet admitted to the institution and one of fewer than 10 non-U.S. students in his cohort, admitted via a Thai scholarship quota. West Point provided comprehensive military training alongside a rigorous academic curriculum, emphasizing leadership, engineering, and strategic studies. He graduated in May 1999 with a Bachelor of Science degree in economics. After West Point, Manet advanced his civilian academic qualifications in while continuing duties. He earned a degree from in 2002, focusing on and development. He then completed a PhD at the in 2008, with a dissertation titled "What determines the firm size distribution in an economy?", analyzing structural factors influencing business scaling in developing markets. These postgraduate studies supplemented his foundation, providing expertise in economic modeling applicable to and , though no additional formal training beyond West Point is documented in primary records.

Military career

Initial service and deployments

Hun Manet joined the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces in 1995 upon completing his in . In the same year, he enrolled at the at West Point, the first Cambodian cadet to do so, and graduated in 1999 with a degree in after completing the standard four-year officer training program. Following his return to Cambodia, he began operational service in the Royal Cambodian Army, initially serving as deputy commander of his father's bodyguard unit before taking command of the National Counter-Terrorism Special Forces Unit. No specific overseas deployments or combat assignments from this early period are detailed in available records, with his roles focused on domestic security and within .

Commands and promotions

In 2008, Hun Manet was appointed commander of Cambodia's National Counter-Terrorism Special Force, a role in which he oversaw operations against internal security threats. By March 2018, he assumed the position of Chief of Joint Staff for the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF), coordinating inter-service activities, and was simultaneously promoted to (three-star rank). Later that year, he received further elevation to Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the RCAF and Commander of the Royal Cambodian Army, positions that placed him as the operational head of ground forces numbering approximately 85,000 personnel. These 2018 appointments marked a rapid ascent to the second-highest military rank in , bypassing traditional seniority protocols amid criticisms of given his familial ties to then-Prime Minister . Hun Manet retained these commands until transitioning to in 2023, during which he emphasized military modernization and border security enhancements. On March 20, 2023, King promoted Hun Manet to four-star general, the highest rank in the RCAF, in a ceremony attended by senior officials; this followed his earlier refusal of the promotion since 2018, as stated by , to avoid perceptions of undue favoritism. The elevation solidified his authority over the but drew scrutiny from outlets like for reinforcing dynastic control within the armed forces. In April 2023, as he prepared for parliamentary elections, Hun Manet appointed Mao Sophan as acting commander, delegating day-to-day oversight while maintaining strategic command.

Political career

Entry into politics and party roles

Hun Manet, previously focused on a , began his formal entry into Cambodian through elevated roles within the (CPP), the long-dominant ruling party, in late 2018. He was elected to the CPP's permanent committee, a key decision-making body comprising approximately 30 senior members, alongside other high-ranking military officers. In December 2020, Manet received further promotions within the party structure, including appointment as deputy head of the CPP's mass movement section and chief of its , positions aimed at broadening his influence among party cadres and younger members. At the CPP's national congress on December 24, 2021, Manet was unanimously endorsed by the party's as its candidate for future , marking a deliberate grooming process by party leadership for his succession amid the CPP's unchallenged control of Cambodian institutions. These roles solidified Manet's position within the CPP hierarchy, transitioning him from command to political prominence while maintaining the party's emphasis on continuity under familial leadership.

Electoral participation and victories

Hun Manet entered electoral politics as a candidate for the (CPP) in the July 23, 2023, for the , marking his first direct participation in national voting. He ran in , his family's home region, and secured one of the seats allocated to the CPP in that constituency. The CPP, which nominated Hun Manet prominently amid expectations of his impending premiership, claimed victory with 120 of the 125 available seats, achieving over 80% of the vote share nationwide based on official results. This outcome followed the 2017 dissolution of the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) and the 2023 ban on its successor, Candlelight Party, on technical grounds, leaving no viable challengers and prompting international observers to label the vote as neither free nor fair. Hun Manet's assembly seat provided the constitutional basis for his subsequent endorsement as prime minister by the CPP-dominated legislature on August 22, 2023. No prior electoral contests involving Hun Manet are recorded; his pre-2023 roles were appointive within the CPP and , reflecting the party's dominance in Cambodian politics since 1979. The 2023 results extended CPP control uninterrupted, with turnout reported at 84% but marred by reports of coerced voting and .

Premiership

Transition of power and initial priorities

Hun Sen announced his resignation as prime minister on July 26, 2023, following the Cambodian People's Party's (CPP) victory in the July 23 general election, in which the ruling party secured all 125 seats amid the disqualification of the main opposition . served as caretaker prime minister until the formation of the new government, with King formally approving Hun Manet's nomination on August 7, 2023. The unanimously endorsed Hun Manet as prime minister on August 22, 2023, in a 120-0 vote, reflecting the CPP's complete control of the legislature. He was sworn in later that day for a five-year term, marking a dynastic succession after 's nearly 38-year tenure. The transition emphasized policy continuity under the CPP's "Pentagonal Strategy – Phase I (2023-2028)," which prioritizes development in people, roads and bridges, water, electricity, and technology, while introducing a younger leadership cadre. In his inaugural address to the on August 22, 2023, Hun Manet outlined five core government priorities: first, safeguarding peace, stability, security, and ; second, advancing socio-economic development via reforms, macroeconomic stability, and investments in , , and ; third, enhancing livelihoods through improved , vocational , minimum wages, pensions, and incentives; fourth, bolstering for vulnerable groups; and fifth, pursuing , including , demographic management, , and green investments. These priorities aligned with immediate launches of six policy programs in 2023, focusing on targets like upper-middle-income status by 2030 and high-income by 2045, though implementation has emphasized amid ongoing concerns over political pluralism. Early actions under Hun Manet's premiership included reinforcing macroeconomic stability, with GDP growth projected at 5.6% for 2023, and initiating projects like airport expansions and to build on prior CPP gains in from 47.8% in 2007 to 17.8% in 2019. Critics, including international observers, noted limited substantive reforms in or opposition engagement, viewing the agenda as an extension of Hun Sen's influence, with the elder Hun retaining the role of president and CPP president.

Domestic policies and economic initiatives

Upon assuming the premiership on August 22, 2023, Hun Manet outlined the Pentagonal Strategy as the cornerstone of Cambodia's , emphasizing structural reforms in , industry, services, labor, and to achieve upper-middle-income status by 2030 and high-income status by 2050. This framework prioritizes diversification beyond garment exports and , including incentives for high-value manufacturing, expansion, and to mitigate vulnerabilities from global disruptions. Cambodia's GDP growth under Hun Manet's leadership has averaged approximately 5.6 percent in 2023, accelerating to 6.6 percent in 2024, driven by manufacturing expansion (up 9.5 percent in the first half of 2025) and investments, though projections for 2025 were revised downward to 5.2 percent amid external pressures like subdued global demand. rose to an estimated $2,924 in 2025 from $2,713 in 2024, with total GDP reaching $51.39 billion. Key initiatives include a master plan for 174 economic zones announced in early 2024 to attract and formalization of the , which constitutes a significant portion of GDP, through incentives and regulatory simplification. In domestic governance, Hun Manet has advanced measures, including a five-point strategy launched in December 2023 to enhance transparency in , such as mandatory asset declarations for officials and stricter oversight. He issued warnings against in civil servant in June 2024, mandating legal action, and established a high-level commission in February 2025 to combat scams and cyber fraud, involving the Anti-Corruption Unit in investigations that exposed high-level graft. remains a priority, with 2025 plans focusing on mega-projects like highways and ports to boost connectivity and logistics efficiency, alongside human capital development through vocational and reforms to support a skilled . These efforts align with consultations with the to improve the business climate, though implementation faces challenges from entrenched networks inherited from prior administrations.

Foreign relations and regional diplomacy

Hun Manet's foreign policy has largely maintained the hedging strategy established under his predecessor, prioritizing economic ties with while engaging for regional stability and pursuing pragmatic bilateral relations with neighbors. This approach reflects Cambodia's position as a small state navigating great-power competition, with a continued tilt toward for funding and investment, amounting to $1.1 billion secured during his September 2023 . Bilateral trade with reached $14.4 billion by November 2024, underscoring the economic imperatives driving policy continuity despite occasional recalibrations toward diversification. Relations with China remain the cornerstone, described by Manet as "rock solid" during his inaugural foreign trip to in September 2023, where he reaffirmed the comprehensive initiated 65 years prior. This alignment has included high-level meetings, such as with President on August 30, 2025, in , focusing on deepened cooperation in trade, investment, and infrastructure like the projects. Cambodia's vetoing of statements critical of 's claims in 2023 effectively shielded 's interests, prioritizing bilateral gains over regional consensus, a stance analysts attribute to economic dependence rather than ideological affinity. In regional diplomacy, Manet has emphasized ASEAN centrality, attending summits such as the 47th in on October 4-5, 2025, where he held bilateral meetings with leaders from the , , and others to advance cooperation on trade, security, and . A notable development was the October 25, 2025, signing of a "historic" peace deal with on border disputes, mediated by U.S. President , resolving longstanding tensions over territories like the Preah Vihear temple area and facilitating joint economic zones. Ties with persist amid historical frictions, with public concerns over land concessions to fueling domestic protests in late 2024, though official rhetoric stresses mutual border management; relations with remain stable through subregional frameworks. Manet's visits, including to the in February 2025 yielding eight bilateral agreements, signal efforts to broaden intra-ASEAN partnerships beyond Vietnam's orbit. Engagement with the and Western partners has been cautious, focusing on economic diversification without alienating , as evidenced by Cambodia's strategic positioning amid U.S.-China rivalry. While Manet has not shifted from the pro-Beijing posture—rejecting U.S.-backed ASEAN initiatives on the —diplomatic overtures include participation in U.S.-hosted forums and Trump's role in the Thailand-Cambodia accord, suggesting pragmatic openness to American mediation for regional stability. Critics from outlets like note that this balancing act sustains Cambodia's non-alignment rhetoric while prioritizing Chinese investment, with limited progress on dialogues.

Controversies and criticisms

Political repression and civil liberties

Since assuming the premiership on August 22, 2023, has overseen a continuation and escalation of measures restricting political dissent, freedom of expression, and assembly in . documented that in 2024, the government "heavily repressed civic space, political participation, and other fundamental freedoms," including through arbitrary arrests and judicial harassment of critics. rated as "Not Free" in its 2025 report, scoring 14/100 for political rights and 18/100 for , attributing the low marks to an undemocratic power transition and ongoing suppression of opposition voices, with retaining effective control via his role as Senate president. The July 2023 national elections exemplified curtailed political competition, as the main opposition was disqualified over a technicality, enabling the (CPP) to secure all 125 seats amid a by remaining opposition groups. Subsequent indirect elections in February 2024 saw the CPP win 55 of 58 contested seats through votes by CPP-aligned officials, further entrenching one-party dominance. Political repression intensified with the imprisonment of dozens of activists and former opposition figures; by September 2025, reports indicated increased incarcerations of critics, including under charges of "incitement" for posts deemed critical of the government. Civil liberties faced systematic erosion, including media censorship and restrictions on assembly. Between June 2023 and May 2024, authorities blocked access to independent news websites such as Voice of Democracy and , contributing to a decline in as scored by . Protests and public gatherings remain prohibited without approval, with security forces dispersing unauthorized assemblies; the U.S. State Department's 2024 human rights report cited credible instances of arbitrary arrests and harsh prison conditions for those attempting to exercise assembly . Laws on lèse-majesté and have been invoked against journalists and defenders, stifling independent reporting, while organizations report ongoing surveillance and funding restrictions. Despite Manet's public pledges for enhanced , these patterns indicate no substantive reforms, with CIVICUS Monitor rating Cambodia's civic space as "repressed" in December 2024 due to escalated criminalization of dissent.

Dynastic politics and influence of predecessors

Hun Manet assumed the office of on August 22, 2023, succeeding his father , who had held the position continuously since January 1985, marking a 38-year tenure characterized by the consolidation of power within the (CPP). This handover, orchestrated by himself, positioned Manet—a West Point graduate and army general—as the designated successor following his elevation to CPP vice-president in and leadership of key party commissions. Critics, including international observers, have described the transition as a dynastic succession akin to hereditary rule, with defending it as necessary for political stability amid opposition suppression, such as the dissolution of the in May 2023. The entrenchment of the Hun family in Cambodian governance extends beyond Manet, with multiple relatives occupying senior roles that reinforce CPP dominance. Hun Many, Hun Sen's youngest son, serves as Minister of Civil Service and leads the youth wing of the Union of Youth Federations of Cambodia, while Hun Manith, another son, heads military intelligence and was promoted to deputy army chief in 2023. Extended family members include nephew Neth Savoeun, appointed deputy prime minister and former national police chief, alongside other allies' children elevated in a broader CPP generational shift engineered by Hun Sen to secure loyalty. This familial network, intertwined with business interests, has been cited by analysts as perpetuating and limiting merit-based advancement, contributing to public concerns over inequality and power concentration. Hun Sen's influence persists post-transition through his retention of the Senate presidency—allowing him to act as acting during the king's absences—and ongoing involvement in CPP decisions and foreign diplomacy, as evidenced by his high-profile interventions in regional disputes into 2025. Manet's policy continuities, including sustained crackdowns on dissent and alignment with , reflect this predecessor dominance, with reports indicating Hun Sen's behind-the-scenes guidance shapes key appointments and strategies, undermining claims of independent leadership. Observers note that such dynamics prioritize regime preservation over reform, as Hun Sen's authoritarian framework—forged during the era—continues to dictate Cambodia's political causality, with limited space for opposition resurgence.

Regional disputes and infrastructure projects

Cambodia under Hun Manet has faced persistent territorial disputes with , particularly along the near ancient sites like Preah Vihear and Ta Muen Thom, which escalated into a in 2025 involving military tensions and sovereignty claims over undemarcated areas. Hun Manet emphasized quiet and technical implementation of the 1907 Franco-Siamese treaty to resolve issues at locations like Chouk Chey and Prey Chan, proposing joint patrols, demarcation committees, and international arbitration as options while rejecting military escalation. On October 25, 2025, Hun Manet and Thai signed an expanded ceasefire and peace deal at an , aiming to end the long-standing conflict through bilateral mechanisms. frictions with persist over undemarcated segments, though less militarized than Thai disputes, with implications for regional stability noted in analyses of spillover effects. In the , maintains a position favoring bilateral ASEAN-China negotiations over multilateral approaches excluding , envisioning the region as one of peace and prosperity while supporting the full implementation of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties. has echoed calls for timely cooperation to prevent escalation, aligning with 's historical vetoes of stronger ASEAN statements critical of China's claims. Regarding River management, raised concerns at the July 2025 about upstream dams in disrupting fish stocks and water flow, while affirming 's ban on new mainstream projects to mitigate environmental impacts. This stance includes canceling a proposed 700-megawatt in December 2023, prioritizing ecological preservation amid regional hydrological dependencies. Major infrastructure initiatives under Hun Manet emphasize connectivity and economic independence, heavily reliant on Chinese financing. The flagship $1.7 billion Funan Techo Canal, groundbreaking launched by Hun Manet on August 5, 2024, spans 180 kilometers to link the Mekong and Bassac rivers to the Gulf of Thailand, funded 51% by Cambodian entities and 49% by China, with aims to boost trade, reduce reliance on Vietnamese ports, and revive historical maritime routes. The project has drawn criticism for potential ecological harm to the Mekong Delta, including reduced sediment flow and biodiversity loss, as well as Vietnam's concerns over diminished Hậu River discharge, though Hun Manet has rejected reports of funding shortfalls from China. Chinese investments have underpinned broader developments, including approximately $3 billion in roads and bridges since bilateral agreements, a $42 million grant for in 2024, and $1.1 billion secured during Hun Manet's September 2023 visit, contributing to bilateral trade reaching $14.4 billion by November 2024. In May 2024, Hun Manet unveiled a $36.6 billion master plan encompassing 174 projects for highways, ports, and industrial zones, attracting competing bids from and amid Cambodia's pentagonal . Additional efforts include 's renovation of the , inaugurated by Hun Manet in April 2025, which he described as transparent and non-exclusive. These projects align with goals of self-reliance but raise debt sustainability questions given Cambodia's alignment with .

Personal life

Family and relationships

Hun Manet is the eldest son of former Cambodian and his wife . He has four siblings: sisters Hun Mana and Hun Maly, and brothers , a three-star army general and chief of the Defense Ministry's intelligence department, and , a younger brother appointed as . In 2006, Hun Manet married Pich Chanmony, daughter of Pich Sophoan, a former at the and minister attached to the prime minister's office. The couple's union, like those of Hun Manet's siblings, links to influential families within Cambodia's political and military elite. Hun Manet and Pich Chanmony have three children: Vorleak, Lyna, and Rithyseth.

Public persona and interests

Hun Manet projects a reserved and professional public persona, often limiting media interviews and favoring brief, formal directives over extended rhetoric. Public appearances typically feature him smiling and waving, fostering an image of approachability, particularly among Cambodia's younger population, where he cultivates popularity through engagement in the Cambodian People's Party's central and overseas student outreach prior to the . This contrasts with accounts from associates noting his privately calm and humble demeanor, suggesting a deliberate separation between personal reserve and official formality. His communication style leans bureaucratic and team-oriented, emphasizing action over ideation; in 2023, he articulated that requires translating willpower into tangible results rather than abstract plans alone. Manet prioritizes themes of national peace, stability, and security, as expressed in a 2015 statement underscoring their defense "at any cost," while maintaining a guarded presence compared to other family members. Specific personal interests or hobbies remain largely undisclosed, aligning with his low-key approach to non-official matters. Public focus centers on professional commitments, including and , informed by his advanced education in from institutions such as the U.S. at West Point (B.S., 1999), New York University (M.A., 2002), and the University of Bristol (Ph.D., 2008).

References

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