Mac OS X Jaguar

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Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar
Version of the macOS operating system
Screenshot of Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar
Developer	Apple Computer, Inc.
OS family	Macintosh Unix-like
Source model	Closed, with open source components
General availability	August 23, 2002; 23 years ago (2002-08-23)[1]
Latest release	10.2.8 / October 3, 2003; 21 years ago (2003-10-03)[2]
Supported platforms	PowerPC
Kernel type	Hybrid (XNU)
License	Apple Public Source License (APSL) and Apple end-user license agreement (EULA)
Preceded by	Mac OS X 10.1
Succeeded by	Mac OS X 10.3 Panther
Official website	Apple - Mac OS X at the Wayback Machine (archived April 1, 2003)
Tagline	Wildly innovative.
Support status
Historical, unsupported as of January 1, 2007

Mac OS X Jaguar (version 10.2) is the third major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X 10.1 and preceded Mac OS X Panther. The operating system was released on August 23, 2002. It was available both for single-computer installations and in a "family pack" that allowed five installations on separate computers in one household.^[3] Jaguar was the first Mac OS X release to publicly use its code name in marketing and advertisements.^[4]

Mac OS X Jaguar requires a PowerPC G3 or G4 CPU and 128 MB of RAM.^[5] Special builds were released for the first PowerPC G5 systems released by Apple.^[5][6][7]

• MPEG-4 support is added in QuickTime.^[8]
• Address Book was significantly improved.^[9]
• Inkwell was introduced for handwriting recognition.^[5]
• New features are introduced, such as Zeroconf and Rendezvous (later renamed to Bonjour), which allows devices on the same network to automatically discover each other and offer available services, such as file sharing, shared scanners, and printers, to the user.
• Mac OS X Jaguar Server 10.2.2 added journaling to HFS Plus, the native Macintosh file system, to add increased reliability and data recovery features. This was later added to the standard Mac OS X in version 10.3 Panther.^[10]
• Jaguar saw the debut of Quartz Extreme, a technology used to composite graphics directly on the video card, without the use of software to composite windows. The technology allotted the task of drawing the 3D surface of windows to the video card, rather than to the CPU, to increase interface responsiveness and performance.
• Universal Access was added to allow the Macintosh to be usable by disabled computer users.
• The user interface of Jaguar was also updated to add search features to the Finder, powered by Sherlock 3.
• Internally, Jaguar added the Common Unix Printing System (also known as CUPS), a modular printing system for Unix-like operating systems, and improved support for Microsoft Windows networks using the open-source Samba as a server for the SMB remote file access protocol and a FreeBSD-derived virtual file system module as a client for SMB.
• The Happy Mac startup icon that was introduced with the original Macintosh was replaced with a grey Apple logo.

Jaguar was a $129 upgrade for both Mac OS 9 and existing Mac OS X users.^[11] In October 2002, Apple offered free copies of Jaguar to all U.S. K-12 teachers as part of the "X For Teachers" program. Teachers who wanted to get a copy had to fill out a form and a packet containing Mac OS X installation discs and manuals was then shipped to the school where they taught.^[12]

Jaguar was the first version of Mac OS X to use its internal codename as the official name of the operating system. To that effect, the retail packaging featured computer-generated jaguar fur designed by animation studio Pixar.^[13]

Starting with Jaguar, Mac OS X releases were given a feline-related marketing name upon announcement until the introduction of OS X Mavericks in June 2013, at which point releases began to be named after locations in California, where Apple is headquartered. Mac OS X (rebranded as OS X in 2011 and later macOS in 2016) releases are now also referred to by their marketing name, in addition to version numbers.

Mac OS X 10.2.7 (codenames Blackrider, Smeagol) was only available to the new Power Mac G5s and aluminum PowerBook G4s released before Mac OS X Panther. It was never officially released to the general public.

Mac OS X 10.2.8 is the last version of Mac OS X officially supported on the "Beige G3" desktop, minitower, and all-in-one systems as well as the PowerBook G3 Series (1998) also known as Wallstreet/PDQ; though later releases can be run on such Macs with the help of unofficial, unlicensed, and unsupported third-party tools such as XPostFacto.

Timeline of Mac operating systems v t e

• Mac OS X 10.2 review at Ars Technica
• Mac OS X 10.2 - Technical Note TN2053 at the Wayback Machine (archived February 4, 2004) at Apple