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Claris
Claris International Inc., formerly FileMaker Inc., is an American software company owned by Apple Inc. Apple formed the company in 1987 to manage and market application software separately from Apple's hardware and operating-system businesses. During its first period under the Claris name, the company published Macintosh and Apple II software including MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, AppleWorks, ClarisWorks, Claris Emailer, Claris Home Page, and FileMaker. Apple reorganized Claris as FileMaker Inc. in 1998, when the subsidiary narrowed its focus to the FileMaker database product line. FileMaker Inc. restored the Claris name in 2019 after acquiring the integration startup Stamplay, whose product became Claris Connect.
Apple announced plans in April 1987 to spin off its application software business into a separate subsidiary. The company began with five major Apple software products and about $50 million in annual revenue, and Apple expected it to become independent within 18 months. Apple retained ownership of the new company, which was based in the Silicon Valley area and initially led by Apple executive Bill Campbell.
Claris was formed partly to reduce tension between Apple and third-party Macintosh developers. Apple had shipped early Macintosh computers with MacWrite and MacPaint, giving buyers useful bundled software but also competing with independent developers selling similar programs. Apple transferred products such as MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, and AppleWorks to the new subsidiary.
In 1988, Claris acquired the database application FileMaker from Nashoba Systems and released it as FileMaker II. FileMaker became one of Claris's most durable products. The company released FileMaker Pro in 1990 and a cross-platform version for Macintosh and Windows in 1992.
ClarisWorks, an integrated office suite created by former Claris employees Bob Hearn and Scott Holdaway, was released for Macintosh in 1991. The product was separate from the earlier Apple II AppleWorks line, though it later inherited the AppleWorks name after being moved back to Apple.
Claris also developed and published a broader line of Macintosh software. Its "Pro" applications included MacWrite Pro, MacDraw Pro, and FileMaker Pro. Claris bought rights to the Macintosh version of the Wingz spreadsheet and released it as Claris Resolve. Other products included Claris Emailer, Claris CAD, ClarisDraw, Claris Organizer, Claris Impact, and Claris Home Page.
Claris Home Page included tools for building database-driven websites with FileMaker Pro 4.1 and Claris Dynamic Markup Language (CDML). CDML later survived mainly as a historical term associated with FileMaker's older web-publishing tools.
Apple kept Claris as a wholly owned subsidiary rather than completing the independent spin-off originally contemplated in 1987. In January 1998, Apple announced that Claris would be reorganized around FileMaker Pro, lay off about 300 employees, and change its name to FileMaker Inc. Apple took over distribution of ClarisWorks and Mac OS products, while FileMaker Inc. continued to develop and market FileMaker Pro.
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Claris
Claris International Inc., formerly FileMaker Inc., is an American software company owned by Apple Inc. Apple formed the company in 1987 to manage and market application software separately from Apple's hardware and operating-system businesses. During its first period under the Claris name, the company published Macintosh and Apple II software including MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, AppleWorks, ClarisWorks, Claris Emailer, Claris Home Page, and FileMaker. Apple reorganized Claris as FileMaker Inc. in 1998, when the subsidiary narrowed its focus to the FileMaker database product line. FileMaker Inc. restored the Claris name in 2019 after acquiring the integration startup Stamplay, whose product became Claris Connect.
Apple announced plans in April 1987 to spin off its application software business into a separate subsidiary. The company began with five major Apple software products and about $50 million in annual revenue, and Apple expected it to become independent within 18 months. Apple retained ownership of the new company, which was based in the Silicon Valley area and initially led by Apple executive Bill Campbell.
Claris was formed partly to reduce tension between Apple and third-party Macintosh developers. Apple had shipped early Macintosh computers with MacWrite and MacPaint, giving buyers useful bundled software but also competing with independent developers selling similar programs. Apple transferred products such as MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, and AppleWorks to the new subsidiary.
In 1988, Claris acquired the database application FileMaker from Nashoba Systems and released it as FileMaker II. FileMaker became one of Claris's most durable products. The company released FileMaker Pro in 1990 and a cross-platform version for Macintosh and Windows in 1992.
ClarisWorks, an integrated office suite created by former Claris employees Bob Hearn and Scott Holdaway, was released for Macintosh in 1991. The product was separate from the earlier Apple II AppleWorks line, though it later inherited the AppleWorks name after being moved back to Apple.
Claris also developed and published a broader line of Macintosh software. Its "Pro" applications included MacWrite Pro, MacDraw Pro, and FileMaker Pro. Claris bought rights to the Macintosh version of the Wingz spreadsheet and released it as Claris Resolve. Other products included Claris Emailer, Claris CAD, ClarisDraw, Claris Organizer, Claris Impact, and Claris Home Page.
Claris Home Page included tools for building database-driven websites with FileMaker Pro 4.1 and Claris Dynamic Markup Language (CDML). CDML later survived mainly as a historical term associated with FileMaker's older web-publishing tools.
Apple kept Claris as a wholly owned subsidiary rather than completing the independent spin-off originally contemplated in 1987. In January 1998, Apple announced that Claris would be reorganized around FileMaker Pro, lay off about 300 employees, and change its name to FileMaker Inc. Apple took over distribution of ClarisWorks and Mac OS products, while FileMaker Inc. continued to develop and market FileMaker Pro.