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Zurich Insurance Group
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Zurich Insurance Group Ltd. is a Swiss insurance company, headquartered in Zürich, and the country's largest insurer.[2] As of 2024,[update] the group is the world's 98th largest public company according to Forbes' Global 2000s list,[3] and in 2011, it ranked 94th in Interbrand's top 100 brands.[4]
Key Information
Zurich is a global insurance company which is organized into three core business segments: General Insurance, Global Life and Farmers. Zurich employs 55,000 people, with customers in 215 countries and territories.[5] The company is listed on SIX Swiss Exchange. As of 2012,[update] it had a shareholders' equity of $34.494 billion.[6]
Company history
[edit]Zurich Insurance Company (1872–1998)
[edit]The company was founded in 1872 as a reinsurance company under the name of "Versicherungs-Verein" and at the request of the "Schweiz" transport insurance company (which was founded in 1869 on the initiative of the "Schweizerischen Kreditanstalt"), a subsidiary of the Schweiz Marine Company. It was founded by people who were also board members of the "Schweiz" transport insurance company.[7]
The business activity began on 1 May 1873. In 1875, accident insurance was added. The company was renamed Transport- und Unfall-Versicherungs-Actiengesellschaft "Zurich". In 1880 Zurich abandoned the marine business following a significant loss.[8]
Throughout 1894, it acquired licenses to conduct business in Austria, Prussia, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, the rest of Germany, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Poland, Russia, Italy, Luxembourg, and Liechtenstein. Due to the change in 1894 from transport insurance to accident and liability insurance, it was renamed "Zurich" "Allgemeine Unfall- und Haftpflicht-Versicherungs-Gesellschaft". Due to legal settlements in the area of workers' compensation, it took a risk and entered the North American market in 1912, starting in the states of New York, Illinois, New Jersey, and Massachusetts in the US.[8]
In 1915, Zurich acquired its first whole company, "Hispania Compañia General de Seguros" of Barcelona in Spain. Ten years later, in 1922, Zurich founded "Vita Lebensversicherungs-Gesellschaft" as an independent subsidiary, which soon expanded into neighboring countries. In addition, a branch was established in the United Kingdom (the first foreign insurance company to do so). One year later, another branch was established in Canada.[9]
In 1925, Zurich became the official insurer of all new Ford vehicles in Great Britain. The "Zurich Fire Insurance Company of New York" was founded in 1929, the reinsurance company Turegum in 1938 and the "American Guarantee and Liability Company in New York" in 1939.[8]
In 1950, it bought a share in "Companhia de Seguros Metrópole S.A." of Lisbon. Five years later, in 1955, «Zürich» Allgemeine Unfall- und Haftpflicht-Versicherungs-Gesellschaft was renamed «Zürich» Versicherungs-Gesellschaft, a name it still holds today.[10]
Between 1955 and 1976 several companies were acquired, including the "Commonwealth General Assurance Corporation" of Sydney, "Iguazú Compañía de Seguros S.A." from Buenos Aires, "Empire Fire and Marine Insurance Company" from Nebraska, "Fidelity and Deposit Company" from Maryland, "Universal Underwriters" from Kansas City, "Anglo Americana de Seguros Gerais" from São Paulo, "Minerva Group" from Italy, "Centre Reinsurance Holding" from Bermuda, "La Chilena Consolidada", and "Seguros de Vida" from Chile and "Seguros Chapultepec" from Mexico.[8]
On the initiative of "Vita Lebensversicherungs-Gesellschaft", the first Vita Parcours (fitness trails) in Switzerland were created in 1968 and ZIM (Zurich Investment Management) was founded in 1990 as an investment management partner for redemption funds and institutional investors in Switzerland. As part of a new brand strategy, "Vita" became "Zurich" Life Insurance Company in 1993, operating in the market under the name "Zürich Leben". While the name "Vita" thus disappeared from the market, it lives on in the "Stiftung Vita Parcours", which was outsourced in 1994. In 1994, "Zürich" took over the Zurich private bank "Rüd, Blass & Cie." Due to refocusing on the insurance business, the private bank was sold again in 2003.[10]
In 1996, Zurich acquired 80 percent of "Kemper Corporation" and 97 percent of "Kemper Financial Service" and in 1997 acquired a majority interest in New York-based "Scudder, Stevens & Clark". Subsequently, Kemper was merged with Scudder to form "Scudder Kemper Investments",[11] which was later renamed "Zurich Scudder Investments". Following the September 11 attacks, on 24 September 2001, Zurich Financial announced it would sell Zurich Scudder, which then had US$370 billion in assets under management, to Deutsche Bank for US$2.5 billion (US$1.2 billion in cash and the rest in assets).[12] The transaction was closed on 5 April 2002.[13]
Zurich Financial Services (1998–2012)
[edit]In September 1998, Zurich and the financial division of British American Tobacco merged to form "Zurich Financial Services". This comprised the Swiss company "Zurich Allied AG",[14] listed on the Swiss Market Index, and the British company "Allied Zurich plc", listed on the FTSE 100 (Dual-listed Company). In 2000, the structure was reorganized under a single holding company under Swiss company law. All old shares were replaced by new shares in the newly formed "Zurich Financial Services" (ZFS) with a first listing on the SIX Swiss Exchange in Zurich and a second listing in London.[citation needed]
In 2002, ZFS focused on insurance-related financial products and services. ZFS returned to profitability in 2003, announcing that it had met its targets and posted a profit of US$2.1 billion, compared to a loss of US$3.4 billion a year earlier. Operating income increased 93 percent to $2.3 billion, marking the turnaround. Zurich remained on track in 2004 with net income of US$2.5 billion and operating income of US$3.1 billion, an increase of 36 percent over the previous year. Zurich's net income increased by 30 percent to US$3.2 billion in 2005, and operating income rose by 32 percent to US$3.9 billion. In 2008, "Zurich Financial Services" recorded net income of US$3 billion, compared to a record US$5.7 billion in the previous year.[citation needed]
In July 2011, Zurich announced that it had signed definitive agreements for a long-term alliance with "Banco Santander SA" (Santander) over 25 years in Latin America.[15][16]
Zurich Insurance Group (since 2012)
[edit]In April 2012, Zurich Financial Services Ltd changed back to its original name, Zurich Insurance Group Ltd. In a statement, the Group explained the rationale behind the name change. "In recognition of this strategic focus, the reference to financial services in the company name has been replaced by indicating the insurance activity of the Group instead and to specify the purpose accordingly."[17]
In December 2015, the CEO Martin Senn announced his resignation. Despite years of highly profitable business operations, the focus was put on recent events which forced Senn to step down. Interim chairman Tom de Swaan took over as acting CEO.[18]
In January 2016, it was announced that Zurich had hired Mario Greco, CEO of Generali as its next chief executive, and that he would start in May.[19]
Zurich Spain launched Klinc in 2018, a Spanish digital company that offers online insurance plans for cars, life, home, devices, and micromobility led by Stefano de Liguoro, Head of Digital at Zurich Seguros.[20] The company sprung from the multinational insurance company Zurich Seguros. In 2021, the company merged with doppo, a digital auto insurance start up. Zurich Klinc is dedicated to promoting a healthy and sustainable lifestyle. As a result, it focuses on promoting and sponsoring sporting events such as the Orbea Monegros, and the Orbea Klasika in Bilbao.[21]
In November 2021, Zurich signed an acquisition agreement with Texas-based Special Insurance Services.[22]
On 3 January 2022, Zurich Insurance Group announced that its Italian subsidiary, Zurich Investments Life S.p.A. had agreed to sell its life and pension back book to the Portuguese insurer and wealth management platform GamaLife – Companhia de Seguros de Vida, S.A. (GamaLife), for an undisclosed sum. Zurich said the transaction was expected to release approximately $1.2bn (£907m, €1bn) of capital.[23][24]
In March 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Zurich Insurance suspended the use of its logo containing an encircled "Z" on social media due to the association of an enclosed "Z" as support of Russian violence against Ukrainians.[25]
Core business segments
[edit]General Insurance
[edit]Zurich's General Insurance business serves individuals, small and medium-sized businesses and major multinational corporations with motor, home, and commercial products and services.
Global Life
[edit]Zurich's Global Life business offers life insurance,[26] savings, investment and pension products. In the United States life insurance is issued by Zurich American Life Insurance Company with offices in Schaumburg, Illinois; Overland Park, Kansas; and New York City.[27]
Farmers
[edit]Zurich's Farmers Insurance segment includes Farmers Management Services, which provides non-claims related management services to the Farmers Exchanges (not owned by Zurich). Zurich also owns the Farmers RE business which includes reinsurance assumed from the Farmers Exchange by the Group. Zurich's Farmers Insurance Group is the third largest insurance group in the United States.[28]
MetLife
[edit]In December 2020, the Zurich group purchased the property and casualty insurance segment from MetLife for US$3.6 billion. The purchase, combined with a 10-year cooperation agreement between Farmers and MetLife is financed by Zurich group with US$2.43 billion while the remaining US$1.51 billion is contributed by Farmers.[29]
Zurich Ireland
[edit]Officially known as Zurich Insurance plc ('ZIP'), Zurich Ireland is a wholly owned subsidiary. ZIP is an Irish insurance company originally incorporated in 1950 and is Zurich Insurance Group's main legal entity for writing non-life insurance business in Europe. ZIP writes non-life insurance business across the European Union through its Irish head office and network of branches.[30]
In July 2023, it was announced that ZIP would undergo a "cross-border conversion" from a public limited company in Ireland to a Aktiengesellschaft (stock corporation) in Germany.[31]
Zurich North America
[edit]Zurich expanded into US and Canadian market in 1912 to become one of the leading commercial P&C insurance provider. It serves a diverse set of industries including automotive, agriculture, construction, manufacturing, technology and numerous others.[32]
Zurich Kotak General Insurance Company
[edit]Zurich Insurance owns 70% of Zurich Kotak General Insurance, headquartered in Mumbai. It offers non-life insurance products like motor, car, bike, health, travel, home insurance and others.[33]
Financial performance and information
[edit]
Zurich Insurance Group Ltd ("Zurich") is listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange under the ticker ZURN. As of 1 December 2012 there were 148,300,123 fully paid registered shares[6] and 124,847 shareholders.[34] 24.7% of the holding of the registered shares were private individuals (15.3% of all outstanding shares), 7.2% were foundations and pension funds (4.5% of all outstanding shares) and 68.1% were other legal entities (42.3% of all outstanding shares).[34]
Corporate social responsibility
[edit]In 2009, Zurich was awarded Charity Times "Best Insurance Services"[35] and was shortlisted again in 2010. In 2012 the Zurich Community Trust (UK) won the Cross-Sector Partnership of the Year Award for its partnership with the treatment charity Addaction.[36]
According to its website, Zurich Community Trust has donated over £60 million since 1972, with the goal of addressing key social issues. It has supported over 600 charities a year, making a measurable impact on the lives of over 80,000 people.[37] Zurich was one of the first recipients of the Community Mark from Business in the Community which it has successfully retained for three years.[38]
On 24 October 2002, Zurich North America hosted a ceremony at the 9/11 Tribute Center honoring the winners of its 2012 K.A.M.P. awards, a program created as a living legacy to the four employees killed on 9/11: John Keohane, Peggy Alario, Kathy Moran and Ludwig Picarro.[39]
Zurich began a relationship with SBP, a disaster relief organization based in New Orleans, at its Zurich Classic golf tournament in New Orleans.[40] Over the next five years, more than 1,000 Zurich employees, customers, brokers, and distributors volunteered with SBP to rebuild homes in New Orleans, Staten Island and Joplin, until in April 2014, the company announced that its Z Zurich Foundation would give SBP a $3 million grant over three years.[40] The grant would go towards creating a Disaster Resilience and Recovery Lab—a disaster relief model that propagates best practices learned in New Orleans after Katrina to communities affected by future disasters.[40]
In 2011, Zurich launched a free online resource – My Community Starter – designed to make getting involved in community activities more simple.[41]
In March 2012, Zurich reinforced its commitment to the Z Zurich foundation by making an investment of $100 million.[42]
In March 2013, Zurich announced its global flood resilience program, which aims to enhance community flood resilience by finding innovative ways to increase the impact of disaster risk reduction efforts at community, national and global levels. The first country program is taking place in Mexico and Indonesia. To maximize the community impact of the program, Zurich has formed a strategic alliance with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC).[43]
Controversies
[edit]In 2006, Zurich Financial Services settled a $171 million case relating to bid rigging and price fixing in the United States.[44] "Businesses shopping for commercial insurance were deceived into believing they were getting the best deals available," said Abbott. "The whole anti-competitive scheme was an intentional smoke screen by several insurance players to artificially inflate premiums and pay improper commissions to those who brokered the deals." The states included in the settlement were Texas, California, Florida, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Oregon, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Zurich is also required to pay about $122 million[45] in refunds to commercial policyholders in a New Jersey class action lawsuit[46] settlement. Zurich Financial Services settled a bid-rigging and improper "finite reinsurance" transactions probe.[47]
Zurich Financial agreed to pay $153 million in restitution and penalties and agreed to a series of reforms. Zurich apologized and acknowledged that "certain of its employees violated both acceptable business practices and Zurich's own standards of conduct by engaging in improper bidding practices and the 'finite reinsurance' transactions described in the Assurance of Discontinuance". The states included in the settlement were New York, Connecticut and Illinois.[48]
In May 2007, Zurich Capital Markets, a subsidiary of Zurich Financial Services, paid $16.8 million to settle with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission for helping four hedge funds disguise their identities to avoid detection when making frequent trades in mutual fund shares.[49] An SEC director stated, "By knowingly financing their hedge funds clients' deceptive market timing, ZCM reaped substantial fees at the expense of long-term mutual-fund shareholders".[50]
In 2015, small business owners and property developers in Britain complained that Zurich's British subsidiary, Dunbar Bank, had treated them unfairly by calling in loans quickly in order to wind down its loan book after the parent company pulled out of the specialist UK property market in 2010. They claimed that 71 Dunbar borrowers had been made bankrupt in the following five-year period, many more than by any of Britain's very much larger high street banks.[51] One Dunbar customer wrote: "Dunbar's latest set of accounts show that over 95% of its loan book is now classified as impaired or overdue [...] the equivalent figure for UK Asset Resolution, the country's bad bank, is just 37%".[52]
In 2019, the local branch of Zurich Insurance Group was one of four insurance companies fined by Portugal's competition authority AdC for "cartel practices" regarding workplace accident, health and auto insurance.[53]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "Annual Report 2021". Zurich.
- ^ "Zurich Says Board Will Propose Ackermann as Chairman" Archived 15 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Bloomberg.com, 13 March 2012; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ "The World's Biggest Public Companies" Archived 14 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine Forbes.com; retrieved 7 March 2020.
- ^ "Best Global Brands 2011" Archived 26 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Interbrand; retrieved 25 April 2012.
- ^ A global insurer Archived 10 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine "About us" Archived 21 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Zurich.com; retrieved 25 April 2012. Employees and countries served updated 2020 A global insurer
- ^ a b ZIG profile Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, zurich.com; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ "Aktuelle Zahlen und Daten". Zurich Insurance Group. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ a b c d "History and heritage: Zurich milestones". Zurich Insurance Group. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
- ^ "Krankenversicherungen in Spanien". Super Spanisch. 20 October 2019. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Meilensteine der Zürich-Geschichte" (PDF). Zurich Insurance Group. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 January 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ^ "3. Zurich Financial Services". Insurance Times. 1999. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
- ^ Sorkin, Suzanne Kapner With Andrew Ross (24 September 2001). "Deutsche Bank To Buy Scudder In Deal Worth $2.5 Billion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 16 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Zurich Scudder Investments". www.sec.gov. Archived from the original on 16 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Zurich Allied AG". Bloomberg. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ "Zurich Financial Buys Majority Stake in Santander Insurance Unit". DealB%k. 22 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ "Zurich in $1.67 Billion Deal with Santander for Latin American Distribution". Insurance Journal. 22 February 2011. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ "Zurich name change completed" Archived 8 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine, InsuranceDaily.co.uk, 4 April 2012; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ JeffVogeli, Jan-Henrik Foerster JanFoe Jeffrey Voegeli. "Zurich Insurance CEO Senn Steps Down After Recent 'Setbacks'". Bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
- ^ Arosio, Paola (24 January 2013). "Zurich Insurance poaches Generali chief Mario Greco". Reuters. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ Ben-Hutta, Avi (18 July 2018). "Zurich Launches Klinc". Coverager - Insurance news and insights. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
- ^ "Marktpuls". www.marktpuls.ch (in German). Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
- ^ "Zurich acquires Special Insurance Services in Texas". Reinsurance News. 12 November 2021. Archived from the original on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
- ^ "Zurich to sell its Italian life and pensions back book to GamaLife". www.zurich.com. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ Angeloni, Cristian (4 January 2022). "Zurich sells Italian life and pension business". International Adviser. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ "Zurich Insurance removes Z symbol after letter used to show support for Ukraine war". Reuters. 26 March 2022. Archived from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ "Investors' Day – Focus on Execution" (PDF). Zurich.com. p. 34. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
- ^ Zurich in North America – History Archived 4 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Zurichna.com (7 May 2013). Retrieved on 4 September 2013.
- ^ "About Farmers." Archived 28 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine Farmers.com. Retrieved 25 April 2012
- ^ "Milliarden-Deal der Zurich in den USA" Archived 28 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine (in German). Basler Zeitung (Wirtschaft). Retrieved 11 December 2020.
- ^ "About Us | Zurich Ireland". www.zurich.ie. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ "Zurich Insurance plc plans to move its corporate head office from Ireland to Germany". Archived from the original on 12 July 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "About North America| Zurich North America". www.zurichna.com. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
- ^ "List of private banks by market capitalization". www.moneycontrol.com.
- ^ a b "Shareholders information" Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Zurich.com; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ "2009: The Winners" Archived 6 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Charity Times.com; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ Charity Times Hall of Fame Archived 20 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ "Zurich Community Trust" Archived 11 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ "Business in the Community, Zurich Financial Services Ltd, the insurance-based financial services provider, has successfully retained the CommunityMark for a further three years", bitc.org.uk; retrieved 25 April 2012.
- ^ "Zurich North America Honors 2012 K.A.M.P. Award Winners". 3BL Media. 9 November 2012. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ a b c "Zurich and St. Bernard Project Use Lessons Learned Post Hurricane Katrina To Help Communities Across America". Insurance Broadcasting: 1. 25 April 2014.
- ^ "Fear factor holding back community volunteering", TheGuardian.co.uk; retrieved 25 April 2012.
- ^ "Zurich invests USD 100 million into the Z Zurich Foundation and provides further evidence for the increasing social and economic role of insurance" Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, 4-traders.com, 22 March 2012; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ IFRC Archived 18 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine; zurich.com; accessed 27 April 2014.
- ^ Zurich, 9 States Settle Bid-Rigging Case for $171 Million Archived 31 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine: "Texas and eight other states have reached a $171 million settlement with Zurich American Insurance Co. relating to bid-rigging and price-fixing in the commercial insurance market."
- ^ Zurich American Implements Reforms, Pays Consumers Millions Archived 23 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Insurance Brokerage Antitrust Litigation Zurich Settlement Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine: "This website provides general information on the Zurich class action settlement ."
- ^ Zurich Settles Bid-Rigging Probe Archived 10 December 2006 at the Wayback Machine: "Attorney General Eliot Spitzer and State Insurance Department Superintendent Howard Mills today announced an agreement with one of the world's largest insurance companies to resolve allegations of bid-rigging and improper "finite reinsurance" transactions."
- ^ "Insurer Settles Bid-Rigging Case by Agreeing to Pay $153 Million". The New York Times. 28 March 2006.
- ^ Zurich Financial Settles US Market Timing Case Archived 13 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine: "In order to buy, exchange and redeem shares in these mutual funds, these hedge funds employed deceptive techniques designed to avoid detection by these mutual funds. ZCM came to learn that the hedge funds were utilizing deceptive practices to market-time mutual funds, and nonetheless ZCM provided financing to them and took administrative steps that substantially assisted them", the SEC said.
- ^ Zurich Financial Pays $16.8 Million in SEC Fund Probe: "Zurich Capital Markets, a U.S. subsidiary, helped four hedge funds disguise their identities to avoid detection when making frequent trades in mutual-fund shares, a practice called market timing, the SEC said in statement today."
- ^ Hurley, James (30 March 2015). "Dunbar faces challenge over 'bankruptcy' policy". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
- ^ "Done over by Dunbar". Private Eye. London. 15 May 2015. p. 31.
- ^ Catarina Demony (1 August 2019), Portugal competition watchdog fines insurers over cartel practices Archived 4 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine Reuters.
External links
[edit]Zurich Insurance Group
View on GrokipediaHistory
Founding and Early Expansion (1872–1998)
Zurich Insurance Group traces its origins to October 22, 1872, when ten founders, including Heinrich Emil Streuli-Hüni, Adolf Guyer-Zeller, Carl Abegg-Arter, and Robert Schwarzenbach, established Versicherungs-Verein (Insurance Association) in Zurich, Switzerland, as a marine reinsurance entity and subsidiary of the Schweiz Marine Insurance Company.[1][10] Initially focused on insuring the textile industry's maritime risks amid Switzerland's economic reliance on trade, the company quickly diversified beyond pure reinsurance.[10] By 1874, operations extended to New York, marking early transatlantic engagement, followed in 1875 by a rename to Zurich Transport & Accident Insurance Limited and entry into accident insurance, with new offices in Germany, Austria, and Scandinavia.[1] A branch opened in Brussels in 1877, but marine losses prompted an 1880 exit from that sector under new CEO Heinrich Müller, who shifted emphasis to casualty lines; the firm also innovated with its 1882 publication of the first manufacturing safety manual.[1][10] Under long-serving board member Streuli-Hüni, who chaired for 14 years until his 1915 death after 43 years of involvement, Zurich solidified its European foothold through agent networks in Spain and Russia by the late 1880s.[10] International expansion accelerated in 1912 with U.S. market entry, where licensing enabled operations contributing 9% of premiums by year-end; the first policy issued from a Chicago office in 1913, followed by North America's inaugural automobile coverage in 1914 amid surging U.S. auto production.[1][11] The 1915 acquisition of Barcelona's Hispania Compania General de Seguros marked Zurich's first full company takeover, while 1922 saw UK entry and the launch of VITA life insurance in Switzerland.[1] Under August Leonhard Tobler's leadership in the 1920s—first as CEO, then chairman—the firm acquired the UK's Lancashire and Cheshire Insurance Company in 1924 and navigated the 1930s crisis via the Merkur Insurance purchase in Prague.[1] Post-World War II growth transformed Zurich into a multi-line insurer, renaming to Zurich Insurance Company in 1955 after incorporating life and other products; it entered Australia in 1961 through the Commonwealth General Assurance Corporation acquisition.[1] The 1989 purchase of the U.S.-based Maryland Casualty Group represented the largest takeover to date, bolstering North American property-casualty presence.[1] This era culminated in 1998 with a merger of Zurich Insurance Company and B.A.T Industries' financial services division, doubling the workforce to 60,000 and rebranding as Zurich Financial Services to pursue global scale.[1]Restructuring and Acquisitions (1998–2012)
In September 1998, Zurich merged with the financial services division of B.A.T Industries in a transaction valued at approximately $18.6 billion, acquiring entities including Eagle Star, Allied Dunbar, Threadneedle Asset Management, and Farmers Insurance Group.[1][12] This deal effectively doubled the company's workforce to around 60,000 employees and expanded its footprint into markets such as South Africa and Sri Lanka, while also incorporating the U.S.-based Maryland Casualty Company as its largest acquisition to date.[1][10] The merger led to the rebranding of the parent entity as Zurich Financial Services, reflecting a broader diversification into financial services beyond traditional insurance.[1] The aggressive expansion of the late 1990s contributed to financial strains exacerbated by external shocks, including the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and the dot-com bubble burst, which inflicted significant losses on the insurance sector.[12] In response, Zurich Financial Services undertook a major restructuring starting in 2002 under new CEO James J. Schiro, the company's first external chief executive, who prioritized refocusing on core property-casualty and life insurance operations.[1] This involved divesting non-core assets, such as Zurich Reinsurance Centre and Threadneedle Asset Management, alongside exiting unprofitable international units, amid a 2002 rights issue that raised capital at a discount to address liquidity pressures.[1][13] By 2004, further restructuring measures included plans to sell additional units to boost return on equity from 9.3% in 2003 toward a medium-term target of 12%, incorporating employee terminations and contract renegotiations.[14] During the latter part of the period, Zurich pursued targeted acquisitions to strengthen its insurance portfolio. In 2009, it acquired 21st Century National Insurance Company from American International Group (AIG) for $1.7 billion, integrating the personal auto insurer into the Farmers Exchanges to enhance U.S. market share amid the global financial crisis.[1] In 2011, the company bought Malaysian Assurance Alliance Berhad, expanding its Asian presence, and established a strategic alliance with Banco Santander to distribute insurance products to approximately 36 million customers across Latin American countries including Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay.[1] These moves culminated in a 2012 rebranding back to Zurich Insurance Group, signaling the completion of divestitures from non-insurance financial services and a renewed emphasis on multi-line insurance operations.[1]Strategic Growth and Modern Operations (2012–present)
Following the 2011 leadership transition and subsequent restructuring efforts, Zurich Insurance Group intensified its focus on operational simplification and customer-centric strategies under Group CEO Mario Greco, appointed in March 2016. Greco, drawing from prior experience at Generali, initiated a transformation program emphasizing simplicity, efficiency, and reduced organizational complexity to enhance decision-making and resource allocation.[15][16] This included streamlining business units and prioritizing core property-casualty and life insurance segments, while divesting non-core assets to sharpen focus on high-return areas. The company's strategy leveraged its global footprint and balanced portfolio to build customer loyalty, with gross premiums in capital-light lines like unit-linked and protection businesses growing 6% annually on a like-for-like basis by 2024.[17][18] Strategic growth accelerated through targeted acquisitions to bolster market positions, exemplified by the December 2024 completion of the $600 million purchase of AIG's global personal travel insurance and assistance business, including Travel Guard, positioning Zurich as a leader in that sector.[19][20] Earlier moves included acquisitions in specialized lines, contributing to a portfolio of 19 deals spanning insurance carriers and digital platforms. Financial performance reflected this expansion, with annual revenue rising from approximately $30 billion in 2012 to $68.72 billion in 2024, a compound growth driven by premium increases and operational leverage.[21][22] Business operating profit reached a record $7.8 billion in 2024, up significantly from prior years, with net income attributable to shareholders at $5.8 billion.[23] At the 2024 Investor Day, Greco announced Zurich's highest-ever financial targets, underscoring confidence in sustained profitability amid economic volatility.[24] Modern operations have emphasized digital transformation and innovation, with a $1.8 billion allocation since 2020 to overhaul legacy systems via cloud migration, AI integration, and agile platforms. Key initiatives include partnerships like the collaboration with insurtech Quantee for AI-powered pricing refinement and adoption of Microsoft Power Platform since 2021 for low-code development and governance across 63,000 employees.[25][26][27] This has enabled customer-facing tools, such as digital solutions for international coverage, while embedding sustainability through UN Principles for Responsible Investment and Sustainable Insurance signatories, focusing on ESG integration without compromising risk-adjusted returns.[28] By 2024, these efforts supported resilient operations, with life segment business operating profit hitting $2.2 billion, up 8% year-over-year, amid strong demand in protection products.[29]Business Operations
Property and Casualty Insurance
Zurich Insurance Group's Property and Casualty (P&C) segment provides coverage for risks related to physical assets, liability, and business interruptions, primarily targeting commercial clients including global corporations, large enterprises, and middle-market businesses.[30] This segment encompasses products such as commercial property insurance, which protects against damage to buildings, equipment, and inventory from perils like fire, theft, and natural disasters; casualty insurance addressing third-party bodily injury, property damage, and legal liabilities; and specialized lines including general liability, product liability, public liability, and workers' compensation.[31][32] In the United States and Canada, Zurich operates as a leading P&C provider through subsidiaries like Zurich North America and Farmers Insurance, offering tailored solutions for industries such as manufacturing, construction, and transportation.[33] The segment emphasizes risk management services alongside traditional underwriting, integrating data analytics and consulting to mitigate exposures like cyber threats and supply chain disruptions.[34] A notable expansion occurred on December 10, 2020, when Zurich's subsidiary Farmers Group, Inc., acquired MetLife's U.S. P&C business for $3.6 billion, enhancing its personal lines capabilities in auto, homeowners, and small commercial insurance while bolstering market share in North America.[35] Globally, P&C underwriting benefits from disciplined pricing and portfolio optimization, with rate increases averaging 4% supporting premium growth amid volatile claims environments driven by catastrophe events and inflation.[36] Financially, the P&C segment delivered record performance in 2024, generating business operating profit of $4.2 billion, an 8% increase from the prior year, underpinned by a combined ratio of 94.2% reflecting favorable loss experience and reserve releases.[18] Insurance revenue for the segment reached approximately $33.26 billion in the first nine months of 2024, up from $31.42 billion in the comparable 2023 period, driven by volume growth and higher retained lines.[37] In the first half of 2025, P&C business operating profit rose 9% to $2.4 billion, highlighting sustained profitability despite seasonal catastrophe impacts.[38] These results stem from Zurich's focus on commercial lines, which comprise the majority of P&C gross written premiums, with ongoing investments in technology for claims efficiency and predictive modeling.[39]Life and Health Insurance
The Global Life segment of Zurich Insurance Group delivers protection and savings solutions, including unit-linked policies, term and whole life insurance, critical illness coverage, disability income protection, and pension products, primarily targeting individual and corporate clients in mature and emerging markets.[40] These offerings emphasize risk mitigation for mortality and morbidity events alongside wealth accumulation through investment-linked vehicles.[41] Group life insurance provides employer-sponsored death benefits to support employee dependents, often integrated with broader benefits packages.[42] Health-related protections within the segment include critical illness and disability riders that cover specified medical conditions and income loss due to incapacity, though standalone accident and health insurance—such as medical expense reimbursement and business travel coverage—falls under Zurich's broader non-life operations and serves millions annually through customized group plans.[43] In select markets, Zurich extends group health options like catastrophic and dental coverage via integrated benefits platforms, focusing on flexible, tailor-made solutions for small to multinational employers.[44] The segment maintains a strong footprint in Europe, Latin America, and Asia-Pacific, with products adapted to local regulatory and demographic needs, such as high-demand savings propositions in growth economies.[40] In 2024, Global Life reported a record business operating profit of USD 2.2 billion, reflecting an 8% year-on-year rise driven by favorable unit-linked sales and protection demand amid rising awareness of longevity risks.[45] This performance contributed to the group's overall net income attributable to shareholders of USD 5.8 billion, a 34% increase from USD 4.3 billion in 2023.[45]Key Subsidiaries and Partnerships
Zurich Insurance Group's structure includes several prominent subsidiaries that support its core operations in property and casualty, life insurance, and specialized lines. In North America, Farmers Group, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary, manages the Farmers Exchanges, which underwrite a significant portion of U.S. personal and commercial insurance through affiliated entities such as Foremost Insurance Company, Bristol West Insurance Group, and 21st Century Insurance; this segment was bolstered by the April 2021 acquisition of MetLife's U.S. property and casualty business for USD 3.94 billion, adding over 900,000 policies and enhancing market share in auto and home insurance.[46][40] In Asia-Pacific, Zurich holds a 70% stake in Kotak General Insurance Company since June 2024, enabling it to operate as India's first foreign-led general insurer following regulatory changes allowing up to 74% foreign direct investment, with the venture focusing on non-life products amid the country's growing USD 100 billion insurance market.[47] Other key subsidiaries include Cover-More Group Limited, acquired in April 2017 for AUD 513 million to expand global travel insurance and assistance services across 20 countries, and OnePath Life Limited in Australia, purchased from ANZ Bank in June 2019 to solidify leadership in the life insurance sector there with over 1.5 million policies.[48][49] In Europe and emerging markets, subsidiaries like Zurich Insurance plc in Ireland and various Swiss entities such as Zurich Insurance Company Ltd handle regional general and life operations, while recent expansions include the December 2024 acquisition of AIG's global personal travel insurance business, including Travel Guard, for USD 600 million, integrating it to capture a larger share of the USD 5 billion annual travel insurance premium market.[19][50] Additionally, Zurich completed the July 2025 acquisition of cyber insurtech BOXX Insurance Inc., enhancing its small and medium-sized business cyber risk offerings with preventive tools and coverage for over 50,000 global customers.[51] Zurich pursues strategic partnerships and joint ventures to extend distribution and innovate products. A longstanding bancassurance alliance with Banco Santander operates through Zurich Santander Insurance America, a joint venture providing life and general insurance via Santander's Latin American networks.[28] In Spain, Zurich increased its stake in Banco Sabadell to over 10% by March 2025, deepening a distribution partnership that channels insurance products through Sabadell's 4 million clients and 1,200 branches.[52] Through its Zurich Global Ventures arm, the group invested in Belgium-based insurtech Qover in July 2023 to co-develop embedded insurance solutions integrated into digital platforms, targeting API-driven products for e-commerce and mobility sectors.[53][54] These collaborations leverage Zurich's scale with partners' specialized capabilities, though outcomes depend on execution amid competitive pressures in insurtech adoption rates below 20% in traditional markets.[53]Global Operations
North American Operations
Zurich Insurance Group's North American operations began with its entry into the market in 1912, initially focusing on property-casualty insurance before expanding into broader commercial solutions. Headquartered in Schaumburg, Illinois, since relocating its corporate campus in 2016—a facility certified LEED Platinum—the division employs approximately 9,000 people across the United States and Canada. It primarily serves commercial clients, including 90% of Fortune 500 companies, with tailored property-casualty insurance for industries such as automotive, agriculture, technology, and construction.[55][56] The operations emphasize risk management, underwriting, and claims handling, delivering specialized products like builders risk, casualty, marine, and accident/health coverage. Business activities are structured through distinct units, including U.S. National Accounts for holistic enterprise solutions, middle-market programs targeting growing businesses, and specialized offerings for sectors like entertainment and excess/surplus lines. Through Farmers Group, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary, Zurich provides non-claims administrative services to the independent Farmers Insurance Exchanges, though it holds no direct ownership in those entities. This structure supports a mix of commercial and, indirectly, personal lines exposure in the region.[55][57][23] Financial strength is evidenced by an AA/stable rating from Standard & Poor's as of March 2022, reflecting robust underwriting discipline amid North America's competitive landscape. Customer net promoter scores reached 82 in recent assessments, surpassing the industry average by 46 points, driven by resilience-focused services. While specific regional metrics are integrated into group reporting, North American contributions bolster Zurich's overall property-casualty segment, which saw business operating profit rise to historic levels in 2024 through pricing discipline and portfolio optimization. Recent growth highlights include double-digit expansion in the U.S. middle-market unit over four consecutive years ending 2025.[55][58][23]European Operations
Zurich Insurance Group's European operations form a cornerstone of its global activities, with Switzerland serving as the headquarters and a primary market. The company maintains a presence in over 20 European countries, offering property and casualty (P&C) insurance, life insurance, and related services to individuals, small businesses, and corporations.[3] Key markets include Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, France, and Spain, where Zurich provides tailored solutions such as commercial P&C coverage and protection products.[59][60] Zurich Insurance Europe AG (ZIE), a wholly owned German subsidiary established as the primary entity for non-life insurance across Europe, underwrites business through branches in countries including Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal.[61] Additional subsidiaries support specialized operations, such as Zurich Life Assurance plc in Ireland for life products and Zurich Investments Life S.p.A. in Italy.[50] These entities enable Zurich to leverage regulatory frameworks like Solvency II while expanding market share in commercial and personal lines.[62] In the Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) region, which encompasses Zurich's core European footprint, insurance revenues grew 7% in the first nine months of 2024, driven by increases in P&C premiums amid favorable market conditions.[63] This performance aligns with the group's broader 2023-2025 strategy emphasizing disciplined growth, profitability, and diversification, though Europe-specific initiatives focus on strengthening commercial insurance franchises and adapting to regional risks like climate events.[64] Zurich's European operations contributed significantly to the group's record business operating profit of USD 7.4 billion in 2023, benefiting from strong underwriting discipline.[65]Asia-Pacific and Emerging Markets Operations
Zurich Insurance Group's Asia-Pacific operations span key markets including Australia, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and Singapore, where it provides property-casualty, life, and health insurance products tailored to regional needs such as commercial risk management and personal protection.[66] The company established its initial foothold in the region with a representative office in Beijing in 1993, marking early expansion into Mainland China amid growing economic opportunities.[1] Leadership is provided by Tulsi Naidu, appointed CEO Asia Pacific in January 2021 and a member of the Group Executive Committee, leveraging her experience in insurance across the region.[67] In property-casualty insurance, Zurich reported gross written premiums of USD 3.96 billion in Asia Pacific for 2024, a 12% increase year-over-year, driven by demand in commercial lines and rebounding travel coverage, with operating profit rising 21% to USD 343 million.[68] Life insurance operations focus on protection and savings products, contributing to overall business operating profit of USD 586 million in 2024, up 6% from the prior year, amid favorable claims experience and higher contractual service margins.[69] For the first half of 2025, regional profit reached USD 302 million, a 16% increase, with property-casualty profit at USD 180 million (up 24%) and life profit at USD 122 million.[70] Emerging markets within Asia Pacific, such as Indonesia and Malaysia, represent growth priorities through targeted expansion in agriculture, travel, and digital distribution channels, aligning with Zurich's broader strategy to diversify beyond mature economies and mitigate sector-specific risks.[71] The Asia Pacific digital business achieved 100% topline growth in 2024 following its mid-2023 launch, supported by investments in data analytics and customer-facing platforms across certified operations in China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and Singapore.[66] In December 2024, Zurich acquired AIG's global personal travel insurance business for USD 600 million, enhancing its assistance services and market position in high-growth travel segments across the region.[19]Financial Performance
Key Metrics and Historical Trends
Zurich Insurance Group reported business operating profit (BOP) of USD 7.8 billion for the fiscal year 2024, marking a record high and reflecting strong performance across property and casualty and life insurance segments.[23] Net income attributable to shareholders (NIAS) reached USD 5.8 billion in the same period, supported by favorable underwriting results and investment income.[23] The core return on equity (ROE) stood at 24.6%, up 1.6 percentage points from 23.0% in 2023, driven by disciplined pricing and cost management.[18] Gross written premiums (GWP) grew 5% in U.S. dollars and on a like-for-like basis, with exposure-adjusted price increases of 4%, indicating sustained demand in core markets.[18]| Metric | 2024 Value (USD) | Year-over-Year Change |
|---|---|---|
| Business Operating Profit | 7.8 billion | Up from 7.4 billion in 2023[72] |
| Net Income Attributable to Shareholders | 5.8 billion | Increase from prior year levels[23] |
| Core ROE | 24.6% | +1.6 pp from 23.0% in 2023[18] |
| Gross Written Premiums Growth | 5% | Like-for-like, following 7% growth in 2023[65] |
Recent Financial Results (2020–2025)
In 2020, Zurich Insurance Group recorded a business operating profit (BOP) of USD 4.2 billion, reflecting resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic despite elevated claims in certain lines.[76] The following year saw a sharp recovery, with BOP rising 35% to USD 5.7 billion in 2021, driven by improved underwriting performance and lower catastrophe losses.[76] [77] BOP continued to grow in 2022 to USD 6.45 billion, a 12% increase, supported by favorable pricing dynamics and volume growth in property and casualty insurance.[78] This momentum accelerated in 2023, yielding a record BOP of USD 7.4 billion, up 21% from the prior year, with core return on equity (ROE) reaching 23.1% amid strong contributions from commercial insurance and life segments.[72] In 2024, BOP edged higher to USD 7.8 billion, a 5% gain, while net income attributable to shareholders hit USD 5.8 billion; property and casualty gross written premiums rose 4% to USD 28.4 billion, bolstered by 5% rate increases.[45] [29]| Year | Business Operating Profit (USD billion) | Net Income Attributable to Shareholders (USD billion) |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 4.2 | Not specified in available data |
| 2021 | 5.7 | Not specified in available data |
| 2022 | 6.45 | Not specified in available data |
| 2023 | 7.4 | 4.351 |
| 2024 | 7.8 | 5.814 |