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Amsterdam Centraal station
Amsterdam Centraal station
Amsterdam Centraal station
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Amsterdam Centraal station (Dutch: Station Amsterdam Centraal, lit. 'Amsterdam Central Station', Dutch pronunciation: [staːˈɕɔn ˌɑmstərˈdɑm sɛnˈtraːl], abbreviation: Asd) is the largest railway station in Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands. A major international railway hub, it is used by 192,000 passengers a day, making it the second busiest railway station in the country after Utrecht Centraal and the most visited Rijksmonument of the Netherlands.[1][2]

Key Information

National and international railway services at Amsterdam Centraal are provided by NS (Nederlandse Spoorwegen), the principal rail operator in the Netherlands. Amsterdam Centraal is the northern terminus of Amsterdam Metro lines 51, 53, 54, and is a stop on Line 52 operated by municipal public transport operator GVB. It is also served by a number of GVB tram and ferry routes as well as local and regional bus routes operated by GVB, Connexxion and EBS.

Amsterdam Centraal was designed by Dutch architect Pierre Cuypers and opened in 1889. It features a Gothic, Renaissance Revival station building[3] and a cast iron platform roof spanning approximately 40 metres (130 ft).

Since 1997, the station building, underground passages, metro station, and the surrounding area have been undergoing major reconstruction and renovation works to accommodate the North-South Line metro route, which was opened on 22 July 2018. Amsterdam Centraal has the second longest railway platform in the Netherlands with a length of 695 metres (2,280 ft). Due to the length, each platform may serve two trains, while one embarks from side "a" of a platform and the other, from side "b".

History

[edit]

Construction

[edit]
Amsterdam Centraal station, designed by Pierre Cuypers, c. 1890–1900.
Aerial photograph of Amsterdam Central station, 1920–1940.
First station roof (1889), designed by L.J. Eijmer
The station viewed from the A'DAM Tower (originally the Shell Tower)

Amsterdam Centraal was designed by Pierre Cuypers, who is also known for his design of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. While Cuypers was the principal architect, it is believed that he focused mostly on the decoration of the station building and left the structural design to railway engineers.[4] The station was built by contractor Philipp Holzmann. The new central station replaced Amsterdam Willemspoort Station, which had closed in 1878, as well as the temporary Westerdok Station used from 1878 to 1889. The idea for a central station came from Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, then the Netherlands Minister of the Interior and responsible for the national railways, who, in 1884, laid two proposals before the Amsterdam municipal council. In the first proposal, the station would be situated between the Leidseplein and the Amstel river. In the other, it would be built in the open harbour front allowing for the station to be connected to the existing main lines in the area to the west and the south, but also to a projected new northern line.[5]

Cuypers' design of the station building in many ways strongly resembled his other architectural masterpiece, the Rijksmuseum, of which the construction had begun in 1876. It features a palace-like, Gothic/Renaissance Revival facade,[3] with two turrets and many ornamental details and stone reliefs referring to the capital city's industrial and commercial importance. A royal waiting room for the Dutch monarchy (one of three in active use in the country today) was also included in the design.[6] Cuypers' station reflects the romantic nationalistic mood in the late nineteenth-century Netherlands, with its many decorative elements glorifying the nation's economic and colonial power at the time.[7][8]

As with the Rijksmuseum, the station's overall architecture reminded many contemporaries of medieval cathedrals.[4] For that reason, as well as for the fact that it became increasingly clear that the national government wanted the station to be built at the city's waterfront effectively separating the city from the IJ lake, the plan was highly controversial. In his book on the history of city, Amsterdam historian Geert Mak writes that:

Almost all of Amsterdam's own experts and others involved thought this to be a catastrophic plan, 'the most disgusting possible attack on the beauty and glory of the capital'. Nevertheless, the building of the Central Station in front of the open harbour was forced through by the railway department of the Ministry of Transport in The Hague, and the Home Secretary, Thorbecke. Finally, the plan made its way through the Amsterdam municipal council by a narrow majority.[9]

Construction works started in 1882.[10] The station is built on three interconnected artificial islands in the IJ lake. These islands were created with sand taken from the dunes near Velsen, which had become available as a result of the excavation of the North Sea Canal. The islands together are known as Stationseiland (Station Island). Like many other structures in Amsterdam, the station was built on wooden piles (8,687 pieces). The construction of the station was delayed because of the instability of the soil, which set back the completion of the work by several years. The station building was completed in 1884, but the commission to Cuypers did not include the roofwork of the platforms. Therefore, the station did not yet feature its distinctive station roof. This roof, consisting of 50 curved trusses and a span of almost 45 meters (147 ft 8 in), was designed by L.J. Eijmer, a civil engineer with the private railroad company Staatsspoorwegen. The roof was manufactured by Andrew Handyside and Company of Derby, England.[11] Cuypers did design the decorations for the trusses and the gable ends. On 15 October 1889, the station was officially opened, drawing large numbers of crowds. The visitors were charged 0.25 guilders to see the station; in the first two days after the opening, several dozens of thousands paid.[12] The opening of the central station marked the city's transition from a waterfront city to an inland city, spurring further redevelopment activities in the city centre which included the realignment of streets and the filling up of canals. The waterways would soon be replaced by tramways and cars as the primary modes of transport in the city.[5]

In 1920, the East Wing of the station (the lower end of the building) was demolished and replaced by "The East", a postal service building designed by Cuypers' son Joseph. A second, narrower and longer but similar roof on the north side of the station was completed in 1922.

Early expansions and modernization

[edit]

In the 1950s, a pedestrian tunnel was created between the station and the road in front of it, which terminated inside the station. With the construction of the metro tunnel in the late 1970s, both the pedestrian tunnel and the road in front of the station disappeared. In the early 1980s, the central hall and middle tunnel were considerably widened and modernized. In the 1990s, a new signaling post was built on the western side of the station. In addition, the number of tracks on that side was expanded in order to increase capacity in the direction of Sloterdijk station. In 1996, a third, 'centre roof' designed by Jan Garvelink, architect at Holland Rail Consult, was built between the two existing roofs, whereby all platforms at the station were now covered.

Later reform and expansion

[edit]
IJzijde station hall

Since 1997, the station has been continuously undergoing reconstruction works because of the development of the North-South Line of the Amsterdam Metro, which was originally planned to be completed in 2014. Due to several setbacks, some at the Amsterdam Centraal building site, the line was fully completed in 2018. Construction works at the station include a renovation of the station building, including the reconstruction of original station features which had disappeared over the years, a redevelopment of the Stationsplein (Station Square), and a new bus station on the north side of the station. In 2000, the new western passenger tunnel opened replacing the main tunnel in the centre of the station which was shut down enabling the construction of the new metro line. In 2004, platforms 10-15 were extended to accommodate international high-speed rail services. Construction works for the bus station commenced in 2003, opened in 2009 and finished in 2014. It includes the construction of a fourth station roof and a station hall with space for shops and restaurants. It replaces 5 small bus stations and several isolated bus stops across the Station Island. With all buses eventually moving to the new bus station on the north side, the Station Island should only be accessible to pedestrians, cyclists and trams.

The three passenger tunnels underneath the station were upgraded and provided with convenience stores and kiosks. In addition, two new passageways were created enabling the hosting of larger retail stores, geared towards passengers who have more time to spend at the station.

Eurostar calling at Amsterdam Centraal station

On 4 February 2020, the Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management, Cora van Nieuwenhuizen, and the UK Transport Secretary, Grant Shapps, announced that juxtaposed controls would be established in the station. According to the announcement, starting from 30 April 2020, Eurostar passengers travelling to the UK would clear exit checks from the Schengen Area as well as UK entry checks (conducted by the UK Border Force) in the station before boarding their train (without having to disembark at Brussels-South station, go through the juxtaposed controls there, and re-board the train before continuing their journey to the UK).[13][14] However, the launch was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[15] The inauguration of juxtaposed controls in the station subsequently took place on 26 October 2020.[16][17]

From 2017 there will be further reconstruction works at the station. A number of platforms will be widened making use of the tracks which do not currently have platforms. This means that alterations will be made in the tunnels under the platforms again. Furthermore, the eastern tunnel will be made wider, based on the example of the middle tunnel. The old railway bridges to the east of the station will also be replaced.

Railway station layout

[edit]
Amsterdam Centraal station from the side
Amsterdam Centraal station
Legend
Train services:
A'dam–Schiphol ry.
to Schiphol Airport
enlarge…
w:Nederlandse Spoorwegen Deutsche Bahn Eurostar European Sleeper
Den Helder–A'dam ry.
to Zaandam
enlarge…
Metro access:
A'dam–Haarlem–R'dam ry.
to Haarlem
enlarge…
Korte Prinsengracht
Metro station
1
 52 to Zuid enlarge…
2
 52 to Noord enlarge…
1
2
51 53 54 to Amstel enlarge…
Westertoegang
1
Ferry lines F4 to NDSM
and F3 to Buiksloterweg
4
a
7
a
10
a
13
a
15
a
Tram lines 2 enlarge…, 12 enlarge…, 13 enlarge…,
and 17 enlarge… to Dam Square (west side)
2
a
5
a
8
a
11
a
14
a
B3
B1
3
9
 w:Connexxion Egged (company)
B4
B2
Tram lines 4 enlarge… and 14 enlarge…
to Dam Square (east side)
A3
A1
Border control terminal
for cross-Channel trains (below tracks)
A4
A2
Royal Standard of the Netherlands
6
12
 
Royal waiting room
2
b
5
b
8
b
11
b
14
b
for the Dutch monarchy
 
4
b
7
b
10
b
13
b
15
b
Oostertoegang
Ferry line F2
to IJplein
Oosterdoksdoorgang
Tram line 26 (IJtram)
to Rietlandpark
enlarge…
A'dam–Zutphen ry./Weesp–Lelystad ry.
to Almere
A'dam–Zutphen ry.
to Amersfoort
enlarge…
A'dam–Arnhem ry.
to Utrecht
enlarge…

Amsterdam Centraal has 15 tracks, 11 of which are alongside a platform: four island platforms with tracks along the full length on both sides (tracks 4/5, 7/8, 10/11, 13/14); one side platform with one track along the full length (track 15); and one bay platform with two tracks (tracks 1/2). Platforms 2-15 have an A-side (to the west) and a B-side (to the east). This means that there are 21 places where a train can be positioned for passenger access, with scissors crossings in the middle enabling trains to pass each other. Track 1 terminates short of the western end of the station building, which fronts track 2. Tracks 3, 6, 9, and 12 have no platform.

Railway services

[edit]

Amsterdam Centraal is a terminus station on many historical railway lines in the Netherlands: the Amsterdam–Rotterdam railway (1839), also known as the Oude Lijn, via Haarlem, Leiden and The Hague (Den Haag); the Den Helder–Amsterdam railway (1865), also known as the Staatslijn K, from Den Helder to Amsterdam via Alkmaar and Uitgeest; the Amsterdam-Zutphen railway (1874), also known as the Oosterspoorweg, via Hilversum, Amersfoort and Apeldoorn; the Amsterdam-Elten railway (1856), also known as the Rhijnspoorweg, via Utrecht and Arnhem; and the Amsterdam-Schiphol railway (1986), also known as the Westtak Ringspoorbaan.

As of December 2014, Amsterdam Centraal is served by 8 international rail routes and 22 national rail routes.[18]

From Amsterdam Central Station, one can travel by train to most major destinations in the Netherlands and surrounding countries. In the 2024 timetable, the station will be served by the following train series:

International rail

[edit]
Train Operator(s) Route Notes
450 European Sleeper Brussel-Zuid – Antwerpen-Centraal – Roosendaal – Rotterdam Centraal – Den Haag HS – Schiphol Airport – Amsterdam Centraal – Amersfoort Centraal – Deventer – Bad Bentheim – Berlin Hbf – Dresden Hbf – Praha hl.n. Stops 2-3x per week. Does not stop at Schiphol Airport and Den Haag HS towards Brussels.
Eurostar 9100 Eurostar Amsterdam Centraal – Rotterdam Centraal – Brussel-Zuid – Lille-Europe – London St Pancras International Lille-Europe is served irregularly.
Eurostar 9300 Eurostar Amsterdam Centraal – Schiphol Airport – Rotterdam Centraal – Antwerpen-Centraal – Brussel-Zuid – Paris-Nord Various journeys only between Amsterdam and Brussels
Eurostar 9900 Eurostar Amsterdam Centraal – Schiphol Airport – Rotterdam Centraal – Antwerpen-Centraal – Brussel-Zuid – [ Aéroport Charles-de-Gaulle 2 TGV – Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy ] / [ Chambéry-Challes-les-Eaux – Albertville – Moûtiers - Salins - Brides-les-Bains – Aime-La Plagne – Landry – Bourg-Saint-Maurice ] / [ Valence-Rhône-Alpes-Sud TGV – Avignon TGV – Aix-en-Provence TGV – Marseille Saint-Charles ] Marne-la-Vallée - Chessy 2 times a day. Bourg-Saint-Maurice 1 time a week in winter. Marseille Saint-Charles 1 time a week in summer.
140/240

IC 77

Intercity (NS International / DB Fernverkehr) Amsterdam Centraal – Hilversum – Amersfoort Centraal – Apeldoorn – Deventer – Hengelo – Bad Bentheim – Rheine – Osnabrück Hbf – Bünde (Westf) – Hannover Hbf – Berlin-Spandau – Berlin Hbf – Berlin Ostbahnhof Doesn't stop in Almelo. Runs every 2 hours.
9200

IC 35

Intercity Direct, Beneluxtrein (NS International) Amsterdam Centraal – Schiphol Airport – Rotterdam Centraal – Breda – Noorderkempen – Antwerpen-Centraal – Mechelen – Brussels Airport-Zaventem – Brussel-Noord – Brussel-Centraal – Brussel-Zuid Via HSL-Zuid, between Schiphol and Rotterdam, a surcharge is payable for travel within the Netherlands.
100

ICE 43

Intercity Express (NS International) Amsterdam Centraal – Utrecht Centraal – Arnhem Centraal – Oberhausen Hbf – Duisburg Hbf – Düsseldorf Hbf ] / [ Hannover Hbf – Minden (Westf) – Herford – Bielefeld Hbf – Gütersloh Hbf – Hamm (Westf) – Hagen Hbf – Wuppertal Hbf ] – Köln Hbf – Siegburg/Bonn – Frankfurt (Main) Flughafen Fernbahnhof – Mannheim Hbf – Karlsruhe Hbf – Offenburg – Freiburg (Breisgau) Hbf – Basel Bad Bf – Basel SBB Once a day between Amsterdam and Basel.
400 ÖBB (Nightjet) Amsterdam Centraal – Utrecht Centraal – Arnhem Centraal – Innsbruck Hbf / Vienna / Zürich HB

National rail

[edit]

National rail services at the station are provided by NS, the principal rail operator in the Netherlands. NS offers three types of rail service from Amsterdam Centraal: long-distance Intercity services, local Sprinter services, and the Nachtnet night service.

Train Operator(s) Route
1400 Intercity (NS) Utrecht Centraal – Amsterdam Centraal – Schiphol Airport – Den Haag HS – Rotterdam Centraal
1500 Intercity (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Hilversum – Amersfoort Centraal – Apeldoorn – Deventer
2100 Intercity (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Haarlem – Leiden Centraal – Den Haag Centraal
2200 Intercity (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Haarlem – Leiden Centraal – Den Haag HS – Delft – Schiedam Centrum – Rotterdam Centraal – Dordrecht – Roosendaal – Vlissingen
2300 Intercity (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Haarlem – Leiden Centraal – Den Haag HS – Delft – Schiedam Centrum – Rotterdam Centraal – Dordrecht – Roosendaal – Vlissingen
2600 Intercity (NS) Almere Centrum – Amsterdam Centraal
2700 Intercity (NS) Maastricht – Sittard – Roermond – Weert – Eindhoven Centraal – 's-Hertogenbosch – Utrecht Centraal – Amsterdam Centraal – Alkmaar – (Den Helder)
2900 Intercity (NS) Enkhuizen – Hoorn – Amsterdam Centraal – Utrecht Centraal – 's-Hertogenbosch – Eindhoven Centraal – Weert – Roermond – Sittard – Maastricht
3000 Intercity (NS) Nijmegen – Arnhem Centraal – Ede-Wageningen – Veenendaal-De Klomp – Driebergen-Zeist – Utrecht Centraal – Amsterdam Centraal – Zaandam – Alkmaar – Den Helder
3700 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Hoorn – Enkhuizen
3900 Intercity (NS) Enkhuizen – Hoorn – Amsterdam Centraal – Utrecht Centraal – 's-Hertogenbosch – Eindhoven Centraal – Weert – Roermond – Sittard – Heerlen
4000 Sprinter (NS) Uitgeest – Zaandam – Amsterdam Centraal – Breukelen – Woerden – Gouda – Rotterdam Centraal
4600 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Weesp – Almere Centrum – Almere Buiten – Almere Oostvaarders
4800 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Haarlem – Alkmaar – Hoorn
5400 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Haarlem – Zandvoort aan Zee
5800 Sprinter (NS) Amersfoort Vathorst – Amersfoort Centraal – Hilversum – Weesp – Amsterdam Centraal
7400 Sprinter (NS) Uitgeest – Zaandam – Amsterdam Centraal – Breukelen – Utrecht Centraal – Driebergen-Zeist
8100 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Schiphol Airport – Hoofddorp
8200 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Schiphol Airport – Hoofddorp
8300 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Schiphol Airport – Hoofddorp
8400 Sprinter (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Schiphol Airport – Hoofddorp
12100 Intercity (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Amsterdam Sloterdijk – Haarlem – Zandvoort aan Zee
22200 Intercity (NS) Amsterdam Centraal – Haarlem
32790 Nachttrein (Arriva) Groningen – Assen – Zwolle – Lelystad Centrum – Almere Centrum – Amsterdam Centraal – Schiphol Airport

Other transport

[edit]

Metro services

[edit]
‹ The template Infobox station is being considered for merging. ›
Centraal Station
Amsterdam Centraal metro station platform for Line 52
General information
LocationStationsplein 15, Amsterdam
Netherlands
Owned byCity of Amsterdam
Operated by Amsterdam Metro
Lines51 Line 51
52 Line 52
53 Line 53
54 Line 54
Platforms2
Tracks2
Train operatorsGVB
Construction
Structure typeUnderground
History
Opened22 July 2018
Services
Preceding station Amsterdam Metro Following station
Terminus Line 51 Nieuwmarkt
towards Isolatorweg
Line 53 Nieuwmarkt
towards Gaasperplas
Line 54 Nieuwmarkt
towards Gein
Noorderpark
towards Noord
 Line 52 Rokin
towards Station Zuid

Amsterdam Centraal metro station (called Centraal Station on the Amsterdam Metro system) opened in 1980. It is the terminus station of three routes: Line 51 (Amsterdam Centraal - Isolatorweg), Line 53 (Amsterdam Centraal - Gaasperplas), and Line 54 (Amsterdam Centraal - Gein). In July 2018, the new Line 52 (Noord Station - Zuid Station) opened.

The metro station is only accessible with an OV-chipkaart smart card, the national fare system for public transport in the Netherlands. Disposable cards for one-hour, one-day or multiple-day use are available at ticket machines in the metro station hall.

As of 2018, the following metro services call at Centraal Station:

Route Line From Via To Frequency
Line 51 Centraal Station Nieuwmarkt, Waterlooplein, Weesperplein, Wibautstraat, Amstelstation, Spaklerweg, Overamstel, Station RAI, Station Zuid, Amstelveenseweg, Henk Sneevlietweg, Heemstedestraat, Station Lelylaan, Postjesweg, Jan van Galenstraat, De Vlugtlaan, Station Sloterdijk Isolatorweg 8/hour (peak hours), 6/hour (Mon-Sun until 8.00 pm), 5/hour (from 8.00 pm, Sat-Sun until 10.00 am)
Line 52 Noord Noorderpark, Centraal Station, Rokin, Vijzelgracht, De Pijp, Europaplein Station Zuid 10/hour (Mon-Sun until 10.00 pm), 8/hour (Sat-Sun until 10.00 pm, Mon-Sun after 10.00 pm)
Line 53 Centraal Station Nieuwmarkt, Waterlooplein, Weesperplein, Wibautstraat, Amstelstation, Spaklerweg, Van der Madeweg, Venserpolder, Station Diemen Zuid, Verrijn Stuartweg, Ganzenhoef, Kraaiennest Gaasperplas 8/hour (peak hours), 6/hour (Mon-Sun until 10.00 pm), 4/hour (Sat-Sun until 10.00 am, Mon-Sun after 10.00 pm)
Line 54 Centraal Station Nieuwmarkt, Waterlooplein, Weesperplein, Wibautstraat, Amstelstation, Spaklerweg, Van der Madeweg, Station Duivendrecht, Strandvliet, Station Bijlmer ArenA, Bullewijk, Station Holendrecht, Reigersbos Gein 8/hour (peak hours), 6/hour (Mon-Sun until 8.00 pm), 5/hour (Sat-Sun until 10.00 am, Mon-Sun after 8.00 pm)

Tram services

[edit]
‹ The template Infobox station is being considered for merging. ›
Centraal Station
General information
LocationStationsplein, Amsterdam
Netherlands
Owned byCity of Amsterdam
Operated byTram interchange Amsterdam Tram
LinesLine 2
Line 12
Line 13
Line 14
Line 17
Line 26
Train operatorsGVB
Services at Westzijde
Preceding station Amsterdam Tram Following station
Terminus Line 2 Nieuwezijds Kolk
towards Nieuw Sloten
Line 12 Nieuwezijds Kolk
towards Amstelstation
Line 13 Nieuwezijds Kolk
towards Geuzenveld
Line 17 Nieuwezijds Kolk
towards Osdorp Dijkgraafplein
Services at Oostzijde
Preceding station Amsterdam Tram Following station
Terminus Line 4 Dam
towards Drentepark
Line 14 Dam
towards Flevopark
Line 26 Muziekgebouw / Bimhuis
towards IJburg
Tram stop for routes 2, 12, 13 and 17 on the west side (Westzijde)

Tram services at Amsterdam Centraal are provided from two tram stations on Stationsplein (Station Square), situated in front of the station's main entrance. Tram routes 2, 12, 13 and 17 call on the west side (Westzijde, Platform B) of the square, the other routes call on the east side (Oostzijde, Platform-A).[19]

Tram Service Operator From To Via Frequency
2 GVB Centraal Station Nieuw Sloten Leidseplein, Museumplein, Willemsparkweg, Hoofddorpplein, Heemstedestraat metro station, Sloten 8 to 10x per hour (Monday-Friday), 6x per hour (Weekends)
4 GVB Centraal Station Station RAI Rembrandtplein, De Pijp, Rivierenbuurt 6x per hour. 4x per hour (Evenings/Sundays)
12 GVB Centraal Station Amstel Station Leidseplein, Museumplein, De Pijp 6 to 8x per hour. 6 to 9x per hour (Saturday). 6 to 8x per hour (Sundays)
13 GVB Centraal Station Geuzenveld Westermarkt, Oud West, Overtooseveld Noord, Jan van Galenstraat metro station, Slotermeer 6 to 8x per hour. 4 to 8x per hour (Sundays)
14 GVB Centraal Station Flevopark Waterlooplein, Artis, Alexanderplein 8 to 10x per hour (Monday-Friday), 6 to 8x per hour (Saturday), 4 to 6x per hour (Sundays)
17 GVB Centraal Station Dijkgraafplein (Osdorp) Westermarkt, Marnixstraat Bus Station, Kinkerstraat, Surinameplein, Lelylaan station, Meer en Vaart, Osdorp Central 6 to 10x per hour (Monday-Friday), 6x per hour (Weekend)
26 GVB Centraal Station IJburg Piet Heinkade, Rietlandpark, Zuiderzeeweg (P&R), IJburglaan 6 to 10x per hour. 6x per hour (Saturdays). 4 to 6x per hour (Sundays)

Bus services

[edit]

City services

[edit]
A GVB route 43 bus on platform E

As of July 2018, GVB city bus routes 18, 21 and 22 and 48 depart from the new bus platform G on the lake side of the station (IJzijde or 'IJ side').[19][20]

Bus Service Operator Platform From Via To
18 GVB G-K Centraal Station Westerdok, De Baarsjes, Mercatorplein, Postjesweg metro station, Johan Huizingalaan Slotervaart
21 GVB G-K Centraal Station Westerdok, Van Hallstraat, Haarlemmerweg, Bos en Lommerplein, De Vlugtlaan metro station, Geuzenveld Noord Geuzenveld
22 GVB G-C & G-J Muiderpoort Station Spaarndammerbuurt, Centraal Station, Indische Buurt Station Sloterdijk
43 GVB G-E Centraal Station Java Eiland, KNSM Eiland Borneo Eiland
48 GVB G-J Centraal station Spaarndammerbuurt Houthaven

City nightbuses

[edit]

Night bus services operate daily, starting around midnight and running until around 6 AM. From Monday to Thursday, night buses run once per hour. On Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays, they run twice per hour. As of December 2014, all night buses depart from platform G on the lake side of the station and call at all main entertainment areas in Amsterdam's city centre, including Leidseplein and Rembrandtplein.[20]

Bus Service Operator From To
N01 EBS Centraal Station Purmerend Overwhere
N04 EBS Centraal Station Purmerend Purmer-Noord
N10 EBS Centraal Station Edam
N14 EBS Centraal Station Hoorn
N23 Keolis Centraal Station Station Almere Centrum
N47 Connexxion Centraal Station Uithoorn, via Amstelveen
N57 Connexxion Centraal Station Aalsmeer, via Amstelveen
N81 GVB Centraal Station Station Sloterdijk
N82 GVB Centraal Station Geuzenveld
N83 GVB Centraal Station Osdorp de Aker
N84 GVB Centraal Station Amstelveen Busstation
N85 GVB Centraal Station Gein
N86 GVB Centraal Station Station Bijlmer ArenA
N87 GVB Centraal Station Station Bijlmer ArenA
N88 GVB Centraal Station Nieuwe Sloten
N89 GVB Centraal Station IJburg, via Muiderpoort Station
N91 GVB Centraal Station Nieuwendam
N92 Connexxion Centraal Station Zaandam Station
N93 GVB Centraal Station Molenwijk
N94 Connexxion Centraal Station Westzaan
N97 Connexxion Centraal Station Nieuw-Vennep, via Schiphol Airport

Noord Holland services

[edit]
An R-Net EBS bus at the new bus station.

EBS (part of Egged) regional bus services depart from a new bus station on the IJ lake side of the station (beyond platform 15). This can be reached from the main central walkway via escalators. Connexxion bus services depart from the Kamperbrug bus stops on the city centre side of the station.

Bus Service Operator Route
305 EBS R-Net Amsterdam Centraal – Ilpendam – Purmerend – De Rijp
314 EBS R-Net Amsterdam Centraal – Monnickendam – Edam – Station Hoorn
316 EBS R-Net Amsterdam Centraal – Monnickendam – Volendam – Edam Busstation
391 EBS R-Net Amsterdam Centraal – Zaandam – Zaanse Schans
800 EBS Amsterdam Centraal → Zaanse Schans → Edam → Volendam → Amsterdam Centraal
801 EBS Amsterdam Centraal → Volendam → Edam → Zaanse Schans → Amsterdam Centraal

Ferry services

[edit]
IJ lake ferry at Amsterdam Centraal.

Free-of-charge ferry services from Amsterdam Centraal to the borough of Amsterdam North across the IJ lake depart from the quay on the northern side of the station at the De Ruijterkade. Just behind the station is the EYE Film Institute Netherlands, easily accessible with a free ferry.[21]

Ferry Service Operator From To Frequency Notes
IJpleinveer (F2) GVB Centraal Station IJplein 2 to 4x per hour(Monday to Saturday). 2x per hour (Sunday) On Sunday mornings limited services.
Buiksloterwegveer (F3) GVB Centraal Station Buiksloterweg 24 hours a day, every 6 to 12 minutes (Monday to Sunday)
NDSM-werfveer (F4) GVB Centraal Station NDSM-werf 2 to 6x per hour (Monday to Friday). 2 to 6 (Weekend). 2x per hour late evenings and night Late night services Friday (Saturday early morning) and Saturday (Sunday early morning).

Underwater bicycle parking

[edit]
Stationsplein bicycle parking
IJboulevard bicycle parking

Due to the completion of the Stationseiland project and the implementation of the Entree plan, the station has had two indoor bicycle parking station and two station bicycle parking stations around the station since 2023. After moving both car traffic and bus traffic from the station square to the rear of the station, the municipality has further reduced the large number of bicycles parked on the street around the station with the construction of these two large station bicycle parkings at the station, whereby cyclists have to park their bicycles in the sheds and no longer on the street.

The Stationsplein Bicycle Parking, the largest bicycle shed in Amsterdam, opened on 26 January 2023 at Central Station. The bicycle shed is located under the water of the Open Havenfront, between Stationsplein and Prins Hendrikkade. The main entrance is at the Martelaarsgracht. Access to and from the station is via the central metro hall. The bicycle parking has space for 7,000 bicycles. There is no space for cargo bikes, fat bikes and scooters.

Construction started in the summer of 2018 and was completed after more than four years. During this period, the water from the Open Havenfront was pumped away and part of the Prins Hendrikkade, with the former Prins Hendrikplantsoen, was excavated. The storage facility was built in the construction pit, after which the water returned. Above the storage facility there are now jetties for tour boats.[22][23][24]

On 22 February 2023, the IJboulevard Bicycle Parking was also completed and put into use on the north side of Central Station, which was built in the water of the IJ and will be located under the new IJboulevard along the De Ruijterkade (construction started in March 2021). 4,000 bicycles can be parked here.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Amsterdam Centraal station

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from Grokipedia
Amsterdam Centraal is the principal railway station of , , serving as the city's central since its opening on 15 October 1889. Designed by prominent Dutch architect in a neo- style blending Gothic and Renaissance elements, the station was constructed on three artificial islands in the IJ waterway between 1881 and 1889, at a cost that reflected its status as a monumental public project. It features a striking red-brick facade with intricate stone decorations, two towers—one housing a clock and the other a —and cast-iron platform roofs spanning 40 meters, earning it a Golden Medal from Queen Wilhelmina in 1897 for its architectural significance. As a key node in the Dutch rail network operated by (NS), Amsterdam Centraal handles around 200,000 passengers daily as of 2025, making it one of the busiest stations in the country and second only to Centraal. The station supports high-frequency domestic and sprinter services to major cities like , , and , as well as international connections via to , to , and other European routes. Beyond rail, it integrates with Amsterdam's system, including metro lines, trams, buses, and ferry services across the IJ, while facilities encompass shops, restaurants, bike parking for over 10,000 bicycles, and accessibility features like elevators and . The station's historical role extended beyond transport, symbolizing Amsterdam's industrial expansion in the late and initially acting as a barrier between the city center and its northern harbor districts until later infrastructure developments bridged the divide. Cuypers, who also designed the nearby , incorporated symbolic elements such as the royal waiting room (Koninklijke Wachtkamer) and ornate interiors by sculptor George Sturm, underscoring its cultural prestige. In recent decades, ongoing renovations— including a major five-year transformation starting in 2020—have expanded capacity to accommodate projected growth to 275,000 daily passengers by enhancing platforms, adding transfer tunnels, and integrating retail spaces while preserving the historic Cuypers building. These upgrades, led by ProRail and architectural firms like Benthem Crouwel and Civic Architects, ensure the station remains a vibrant, efficient gateway to Amsterdam's attractions and beyond.

History

Origins and Construction

In the , Amsterdam's burgeoning rail network and rapid urban growth necessitated a centralized railway station to consolidate services previously scattered across the city, including at the outdated Willemspoort Station, which closed in 1878. The Dutch government, advised by engineers, approved the project to accommodate expanding passenger and freight traffic while freeing up inner-city space for development. The chosen site spanned three artificial islands in the IJ waterway, a former lake and vital harbor area, requiring extensive land reclamation that began in using dredged materials from the nearby construction. This location aimed to link rail infrastructure directly to the port but sparked debate over disrupting maritime access and views of the waterfront, ultimately severing the city's traditional connection to the IJ. A national design competition in 1875 was won by prominent architect Pierre Cuypers, whose proposal featured a neo-Renaissance facade blended with Gothic Revival elements, including ornate brickwork, towers, and intricate detailing to symbolize national progress. Cuypers, fresh from completing the Rijksmuseum in a similar style, collaborated with engineer A.L. van Gendt on the structural aspects. Construction commenced in 1881 and lasted until 1889, involving the driving of over 8,600 wooden piles into the soft subsoil for stability, followed by the erection of a massive cast-iron roof spanning the platforms—the largest of its kind in at the time. The project, overseen by contractor Philipp Holzmann, faced significant cost overruns exceeding initial estimates due to complex foundation work and material demands, fueling political tensions in over funding and the station's imposing scale. The station opened on October 15, , with a grand drawing massive crowds, marking a in Dutch rail history.

Expansions and Renovations

In the early , Centraal underwent key expansions to accommodate rising passenger and volumes. In , four additional tracks were constructed, accompanied by new platforms, bringing the total to 11 platforms (four island platforms and three half-island platforms), with platforms extended to lengths of up to 650 meters. These changes addressed the limitations of the original design, which had three platforms (one side and two island). Electrification efforts further modernized operations during this period. The main Amsterdam-Rotterdam line, a critical trunk route passing through the station, was electrified using a 1,500-volt DC system, with full electric traction implemented across the route by 1928, excluding some long-distance steam services. This upgrade significantly boosted efficiency and traffic capacity on the network. Post-World War II recovery included broader network modernizations that benefited Amsterdam Centraal. By 1958, electrification was largely complete across the Dutch railway system, eliminating steam locomotives from regular service and enabling more reliable operations at the station. The and saw focused updates to improve functionality amid urban growth. Redevelopment tied to the new construction in the late introduced escalators for better vertical access, alongside enhanced lighting and expansions to streamline passenger movement and reduce bottlenecks. Integration of modern signaling systems during the further optimized track usage and safety. Renovations in the and emphasized and long-term capacity. Elevators and other disability-friendly features were added to comply with evolving standards, while track expansions and updated roofing supported increased throughput. A comprehensive master plan from 2008 to 2015 targeted overall capacity growth, including platform modifications to handle higher train frequencies without major disruptions to service.

Recent Developments

A major program, with significant works ongoing from 2021 to 2030 (building on earlier from 2008), is transforming the facility's underground passages, platforms, and surrounding areas to accommodate growing passenger volumes from approximately 200,000 to a projected 275,000 daily by 2030. This upgrade addresses congestion issues stemming from increased rail usage, incorporating wider walkways and improved accessibility while minimizing disruptions to operations. In 2025, renovations continued with major track works causing disruptions from March to April, including a temporary closure of the new UK Terminal. Daily passenger numbers reached approximately 250,000 by mid-2025. A key enhancement came with the opening of the North-South (Noord/Zuidlijn) on July 22, 2018, which integrates directly with the station via an underground platform, linking northern and southern districts of in about 15 minutes and boosting overall transit efficiency. Complementing this, the world's first underwater bicycle parking garage, operated by Q-Park, opened on January 25, 2023, adjacent to the station under the IJ river basin, providing 7,000 secure spaces with two-tier racks and sensor-based monitoring to encourage as a sustainable feeder to rail services. International connectivity advanced with the high-speed service extension to Amsterdam Centraal in November 2018, allowing direct journeys from St Pancras in around four hours without intermediate border stops. To support post-Brexit customs requirements and expand capacity, a dedicated Terminal beneath the station's tracks opened on February 10, 2025, featuring carbon-negative materials, enhanced security screening, and space for up to 600 passengers per train, marking a tripling of daily seats on the route. Sustainability initiatives have progressed with the integration of energy-efficient LED lighting across station areas by 2024, reducing operational energy use, alongside broader Amsterdam efforts like rooftop expansions that indirectly benefit transport hubs. Looking ahead to 2025, ProRail's ongoing projects emphasize digital ticketing enhancements through the NS app for seamless multimodal integration and flood resilience upgrades, including elevated and adaptive drainage to counter rising sea levels in the low-lying region.

Architecture

Design Influences

The design of Amsterdam Centraal station reflects a blend of Neo-Renaissance and Gothic Revival styles, characteristic of architect ' later work, which evolved from his early focus on pure neo-Gothic church architecture to incorporate Renaissance elements for more secular buildings. This stylistic fusion drew inspiration from the , evoking the grandeur and prosperity of the 17th century through , positioning the station as a monumental gateway symbolizing the nation's enduring commercial and cultural status. Cuypers, trained in under proponents of the Belgian Gothic Revival, integrated these influences to balance functional railway needs with ornate decoration, creating a structure that served both as a practical and a celebratory emblem of Dutch identity. Cuypers' vision emphasized ornamentation to convey national pride, evident in the incorporation of symbolic elements on the facade and towers. The features a prominent timepiece, while the adjacent turret includes a wind dial functioning as a , underscoring Amsterdam's maritime heritage and navigational prowess. Statues and reliefs adorn the exterior, representing allegories of , shipping, and industry, with semi-circular tableaux above the entrance depicting figures from , , , and America offering goods to the city, flanked by Amsterdam's alongside those of 14 historic trading partners. These motifs highlight the station's role as a modern extension of the Dutch Republic's global dominance, transforming the building into a sculptural narrative of economic vitality. The interior motifs further this thematic depth, with elaborate decorations depicting Amsterdam's historical and cultural legacy. In the main hall, intricate ironwork and ceiling designs create a lavish interior infused with symbolic references to and unity. waiting room, accessible via the main , features murals and heraldic elements, including family coats of arms and mottos of the House of Orange, reinforcing ties to national heritage. This design approach parallels Cuypers' contemporaneous , where shared red brick facades and richly sculpted details create a cohesive aesthetic language across 's key landmarks. Both structures employ similar ornamental strategies, underscoring Cuypers' intent to frame the city as a unified artistic ensemble.

Structural Features

The foundation of Centraal station was constructed on 8,687 wooden piles driven deep into the soft, muddy soil of the IJ riverbed to support the structure on three artificial islands, addressing the challenging ground conditions typical of the area. The structure was engineered by Adolf L. van Gendt, complementing Cuypers' decorative design. The station's facade is built primarily from red brick, accented with sculptures and decorative stone elements that highlight its Neo-Renaissance styling, while the platform roof consists of a pioneering cast-iron framework spanning 40 meters to create a vast, unobstructed train hall. The main building comprises three distinct pavilions: the eastern pavilion, which includes the opulent royal waiting room designed for the Dutch monarchy and originally intended for high-status passengers, flanked by the central main building and the western wing for general passenger use. Among its iconic structural elements are the prominent rising above the central entrance, ornate gabled doorways evoking Dutch Renaissance motifs, and extensive arched windows that maximize natural illumination throughout the interiors. Upon its opening in , the station incorporated early advancements, including electric throughout key areas—making it one of the first such installations in Dutch public infrastructure—and hydraulic lifts to facilitate passenger movement between levels.

Station Layout

Concourses and Entrances

The primary access to Amsterdam Centraal station is through the main entrance on the city side, located in the historic Cuypershal facing Stationsplein, which serves as the central ticketing and information area at ground level. Side entrances flank this main portal on Stationsplein, providing additional entry points for pedestrians and connecting directly to stops. On the opposite IJ waterfront side, the modern IJhal offers a rear entrance beneath the bus terminal, facilitating seamless transfers to ferries and buses while incorporating retail and service spaces. The station's multi-level organization optimizes passenger flow, with the ground-level Cuypershal dedicated to ticket counters, machines, and service desks, while an upper level houses the 15 platforms accessed via three wide underground passages: the Westtunnel, Middletunnel, and Oosttunnel. A lower level, integrated since the opening of the Noord/Zuid in 2018, connects to the (lines 51–54) through dedicated escalators and lifts from both the Cuypershal and IJhal, enhancing vertical circulation across the complex. Key circulation areas include the Oosterspoorweg, or east hall extension, which supports bus interchanges and the terminal via the Oosttunnel, and the Westerspoorweg on the west side, aligned with platforms on Stationsplein for efficient surface links. These zones feature broad passageways, up to 10 meters wide in the Cuyperspassage tunnel, to accommodate high volumes of passengers. Accessibility improvements implemented during 2000s renovations include elevators in the Westtunnel providing step-free access to all platforms and the metro, alongside ramps at major entrances and for visual impairments. To manage crowds, particularly during peak hours, the station employs wide corridors in its passages and multilingual signage in Dutch, English, and German, guiding passengers to specific platforms and exits with clear icons and digital displays.

Platforms and Tracks

Amsterdam Centraal station features 15 tracks served by 11 platforms, numbered 1 through 15, arranged on an elevated structure above the main level. The platforms are accessible via stairs, escalators, and elevators from the concourses below, providing efficient reachability for passengers. The track layout includes 14 through tracks for continuous mainline operations and 1 terminating track (platform 1) for local and regional services. All tracks utilize overhead electrification at 1.5 kV DC, standard for the Dutch rail network, enabling operation of electric multiple units and locomotives without third-rail supplementation. Platform lengths vary, with the longest extending to 695 meters to accommodate extended or multiple train formations, while shorter end platforms handle local services. As part of ongoing renovations (2020–2025), several platforms are being widened and extended to enhance capacity (as of 2025). Signaling at the station employs the Automatic Train Protection (ATB) system for speed supervision and automatic braking, which has been progressively upgraded to incorporate the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) since the early 2020s, including dual-signaling implementations on key approach lines like Amsterdam–Utrecht. Beneath the , the station includes maintenance sidings and crossover tracks to facilitate shunting, stabling, and operational flexibility without disrupting flows above.

Train Services

National Routes

Amsterdam Centraal station serves as the primary hub for national rail services in the , with (NS) operating the majority of domestic routes. These services connect the capital to key cities across the country, facilitating efficient travel for commuters and long-distance s alike. The 2025 NS timetable introduced significant expansions, adding over 1,500 weekly trains and increasing frequencies on many routes. NS Intercity lines depart from the station to major destinations including , , and , typically running at hourly frequencies to provide reliable connections throughout the day. These express services skip intermediate stops to reduce travel times, with journeys to taking approximately 40 minutes, to around 1 hour 20 minutes, and to about 2 hours 10 minutes. For shorter regional trips, NS Sprinter services offer local connectivity to nearby areas such as , Uitgeest, and , with departures up to every 15 minutes on select routes as per the 2025 timetable. These stopping trains serve smaller stations and are essential for suburban commuting, linking Amsterdam to the North Holland polder regions and the Utrecht area. NS also provides rail links to every 15 minutes via the Amsterdam-Alkmaar line, enhancing access to the cheese and its surroundings. NS operates Sprinter trains to Schiphol Airport every 7.5 minutes daily, ensuring high-capacity transport to the international hub just 17 minutes away and supporting the station's role in the national transport network. Passengers can use the , a system, or digital e-tickets via the NS app for services; the became a primary option for NS trains starting in July 2014. The station functions as a central point for loading credit onto the card via machines and service desks or purchasing digital tickets.

International Connections

Amsterdam Centraal serves as a key hub for international connections across , facilitating direct services to major cities in neighboring countries. Daily trains operate to St Pancras International, with the service commencing on April 4, 2018, and providing a journey time of approximately four hours. These trains depart from dedicated platforms accessible via the station's UK Terminal. High-speed services to and , operated by (formerly ), connect Amsterdam Centraal directly to Brussels-Midi in about two hours and to in around three hours and twenty minutes. These routes utilize advanced electric multiple units capable of speeds up to 300 km/h, enhancing connectivity along the and high-speed lines. Deutsche Bahn's (Intercity-Express) trains provide frequent links to , including direct services to Hauptbahnhof in under four hours and to in about six hours. These high-speed trains operate multiple times daily, integrating seamlessly with the Dutch rail network for cross-border travel. Since December 2021, sleeper trains have offered overnight connections from Centraal to in approximately fourteen hours, with intermediate stops including . These services cater to long-distance travelers seeking comfortable accommodations, including private sleeping compartments. To streamline UK-bound travel, a dedicated Terminal at Centraal opened in February 2025, enabling pre-clearance by UK Border Force officers before departure, which reduces journey turnaround times and eliminates the need for additional checks upon arrival in . This facility supports up to five daily departures and enhances overall efficiency for international passengers.

Integrated Transport

Metro Lines

The Noord/Zuidlijn, designated as Line 52, forms the core of metro services at Amsterdam Centraal station. This underground line, which opened on July 22, 2018, connects the northern borough of to the southern district of , passing through the city center with stops at Centraal, , and Vijzelgracht. The line's platforms are located deep below the main station structure, ensuring efficient integration with the above-ground rail network. Operated by Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf (GVB), Line 52 runs at high frequency to accommodate commuter demand, with trains departing every 6 minutes during peak hours and every 10 minutes during off-peak periods. Passengers access the via direct escalators from the central rail concourse, enabling quick transfers between mainline trains and services. The system utilizes shared ticketing and entry gates compatible with both rail and , streamlining fare validation across modes. Line 52 handles a significant number of daily passengers at Centraal station, contributing to the network's high capacity.

Surface Transport

Amsterdam Centraal Station serves as a major hub for surface transport, providing seamless connections via , buses, and regional services at street level. The Gemeentelijk Vervoerbedrijf (GVB) manages the tram network, with multiple lines departing from dedicated platforms on the west side of the station. These include lines 2 (to Nieuw Sloten), 4 (to RAI Station), 12 (to Amstelstation), 14 (to Javaplein), 17 (to Osdorp Dijkgraafplein), and 26 (to ), offering extensive coverage across the city and suburbs. Trams run frequently, typically every 5-10 minutes during daytime hours, facilitating quick access to key areas like the city center, museums, and residential districts. Bus services complement the trams, with GVB operating city lines such as 18 (to Slotervaart), 21 (to Gein via Watergraafsmeer), and 22 (to ) from stops on the east side of the station. Night buses, including N47 (to Uithoorn) and N88 (to Brusselsingel via Osdorp), provide overnight connectivity, departing hourly after regular services end. All GVB buses and trams use the , allowing seamless transfers across the network with a single card. Regional bus connections extend beyond the city, with EBS operating line 391 from the IJ-side bus station to Zaanstreek destinations like and , running every 15-30 minutes and taking approximately 40 minutes. Airport shuttles, such as Connexxion's line 397, connect to Schiphol Airport from nearby city stops, integrated into the broader system for travelers arriving or departing via Centraal. The layout features Stationsplein as the primary arrival area on the south side, while the IJ-side (north) handles many departures, with access points linking directly from the station's concourses for efficient passenger flow.

Water Connections

The primary water connections from Amsterdam Centraal station's waterfront on the IJ river provide essential links to the northern borough of Amsterdam-Noord, primarily through free public ferries operated by GVB, the city's public transport company. These ferries, departing from piers directly behind the station, facilitate pedestrian, cyclist, and moped access across the approximately 400-meter-wide waterway, serving as a vital bridge-free corridor for daily commuters and tourists alike. The most frequent service is the F3 line to Buiksloterweg, running every 4 to 6 minutes during peak hours and up to every 15 minutes at night, with a crossing time of about 5 minutes. Additional routes include the F2 to IJplein and F4 to NDSM-werf, offering broader access to northern neighborhoods, industrial areas, and cultural sites like the NDSM Wharf. This network has historical roots dating back over seven centuries, with the Buiksloterweg crossing documented as early as 1345, though modern operations by GVB began in the early 20th century following the company's founding in 1900. Each GVB ferry in the IJ fleet, such as the IJveer 60 series, has a capacity of up to 310 passengers including bicycles or 400 without, accommodating the high demand of over 20 million annual crossings that underscore the service's role in connecting the densely populated north bank to the city center. Departures occur from the station's northern plaza, where infrastructure prioritizes bicycles and pedestrians through dedicated lanes and waiting areas, ensuring seamless integration with the station's overall . These ferries are free for foot passengers, cyclists, and mopeds, contrasting with paid options for vehicles on other routes, and operate 24/7 to support round-the-clock mobility. Complementing the public ferries, private services operate from the IJ-side docks adjacent to the station, providing on-demand transfers to various destinations including -center hotels and longer routes to coastal areas like . Companies such as Water Taxi Amsterdam offer these luxury speedboat services, which can accommodate small groups and depart frequently from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m., with bookings available online for customized itineraries. While not part of the public network, these taxis enhance connectivity for tourists seeking direct waterfront access, docking conveniently near the terminals to maintain the plaza's pedestrian-focused design. Regional access via IJmeer routes, such as occasional services to areas like Durgerdam and Schellingwoude, supports broader exploration but typically requires coordination beyond the station's immediate piers. In December 2024, the announced plans to expand capacity with larger vessels and increased frequency to handle rising demand.

Facilities and Amenities

Passenger Services

Amsterdam Centraal station provides a diverse array of retail options for passengers, with numerous shops concentrated in the main hall and surrounding areas. These include the Dutch department store HEMA for everyday essentials, the global coffee chain for beverages, and two OV Service & Tickets NS offices for purchasing national and international rail tickets. Information services are readily available through NS service desks located on the IJ-side and east side of the station, where staff assist with travel queries, ticket issues, and route planning. A dedicated lost property office operates under NS management, allowing passengers to report and reclaim items left on trains or at the station; items are held for five days before transfer to a central bureau, with an online search platform introduced in November 2024 to streamline the process. Accessibility features support diverse passenger needs, including wheelchair-accessible ticket machines, lifts, and ramps across the station to facilitate movement between platforms and concourses. assistance services are available upon request through NS staff, with enhancements to these provisions implemented during the station's major renovations in the . Quiet waiting areas and family-friendly zones, such as those in the NS International Lounge, offer respite from crowds for travelers with sensory sensitivities or young children. Dining facilities cater to a range of tastes with various outlets, including casual food courts and grab-and-go spots in the main hall. Options feature Dutch specialties like fresh stroopwafels from local kiosks alongside international chains such as for and for Asian-inspired meals. Security measures prioritize passenger safety through comprehensive covering key areas of the station, supplemented by regular patrols from Dutch police officers. For international departures, particularly on and other high-speed services, bag scanners and x-ray machines screen and personal items at dedicated checkpoints in the international terminal. Advanced security devices are routinely used to inspect passengers and at Amsterdam Centraal.

Sustainable Features

The renovation of Amsterdam Centraal station, known as the Programma Hoogfrequent Spoorverkeerscapaciteit Centraal (PHS Centraal), incorporates as a core principle, emphasizing energy reduction, circular material use, and minimized environmental impact to support the station's increased capacity while aligning with broader Dutch rail goals. Key measures include the of materials such as 11 kilometers of rail tracks, 7 kilometers of sleepers, and 7,000 sleepers from previous , alongside sustainable in new bridges and switches to lower embodied carbon. Foundations for poles utilize instead of , and elements like 12 track decks and HSL glass noise barriers are repurposed for bike storage and other facilities, promoting a in construction. Energy efficiency initiatives focus on reducing operational and construction-phase emissions, with dynamic LED lighting installed throughout the station and a transition from gas to electric switch heating to cut CO2 output. Construction processes employ smart planning to shorten timelines and save , while transport of materials and waste occurs primarily via and rail routes, avoiding truck emissions; for instance, sand removal uses conveyors to the IJ waterway. On-site, the DENS Powerhub provides emission-free for equipment, enabling fossil-fuel-free operations during the build phase in collaboration with ProRail and contractors like Strukton. Ecological enhancements integrate to boost and manage resources sustainably, including green roofs on relay houses for rainwater retention and cooling, water basins with infiltration crates under platforms for controlled drainage, and dedicated spaces for native plants, bee hotels, and butterfly-friendly vegetation. Replanted trees, logs, and branches create habitats for and animals, contributing to local amid . The station's UK Terminal, opened on 10 February 2025, exemplifies high-performance with carbon-negative flooring, an A+ energy efficiency rating, and finishes using recycled materials and biobased elements, extending eco-friendly principles to passenger areas like bathrooms and lounges. Additionally, a new underwater facility opened in 2023 beneath the IJ, accommodating 7,000 bikes, encourages modal shift to low-emission cycling and integrates with the station's multimodal hub to reduce reliance on cars. These features collectively position Amsterdam Centraal as a model for resilient, low-impact rail infrastructure.

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