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LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (commonly LiveRamp), is a US SaaS company that offers a data connectivity platform whose services include data onboarding, the transfer of offline data online for marketing purposes.[5]

Key Information

The company now known as LiveRamp was created from the combination of Acxiom (founded in 1969) and a company it acquired named LiveRamp in 2014.[6] The company eventually took the LiveRamp name, after spinning off the Acxiom Marketing Services (AMS) division to global advertising network Interpublic Group of Companies.[7]

The company has offices in the United States, Europe, Australia, and Asia.

History

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Acxiom foundation and early years

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Acxiom was founded in 1969 as Demographics, Inc. by Charles D. Ward in Conway, Arkansas.[8] The company was initially involved in producing mailing lists using phonebooks and payroll processing.[9] In 1980, the company changed its name to Conway Communications Exchange, and in 1983, it incorporated as CCX Network, Inc. and made its first public offering. In 1988 it became Acxiom Corporation.[9]

1990s

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In November 1997, Acxiom acquired Buckley Dement, a provider of healthcare fulfillment and professional medical lists.[10] In May 1998, Acxiom made the announcement that it would acquire one of its competitors, May & Speh.[11]

2000s

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In 2003, Wired Magazine criticized the company for only accepting third-party consumer opt-out requests from the Direct Marketing Association.[12] In early 2004, Acxiom acquired part of Claritas, a European data provider.[13] In 2005, Acxiom acquired Digital Impact for $140 million and integrated its digital and online services into its business.[14] In 2005 Acxiom was a nominee for the Big Brother Awards for Worst Corporate Invader for a tradition of data brokering.[15]

In early 2006, EMC Corporation acquired Acxiom’s information grid software in a $30 million deal.[16] EMC later declined to exercise an option to acquire additional resources from Acxiom and discontinued work on the software.[17]

On May 16, 2007, Acxiom agreed to be bought by investment firms Silver Lake Partners and ValueAct Capital in an all-cash deal valued at $3 billion, including the assumption of about $756 million of debt. However, in October 2007, citing poor credit markets, the companies terminated the deal. The company also announced that Chairman Charles Morgan was retiring upon the selection of a successor.[18] On January 17, 2008, Acxiom named John Meyer (from Alcatel-Lucent) as new CEO and president.[19] On July 11, 2008, Acxiom acquired ChoicePoint's database marketing solutions division.[20]

Early 2010s

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In 2010, Acxiom acquired part of GoDigital, a Brazilian direct marketing and data quality company.[21] In October 2010, the company launched AbiliTec Digital, a web-based tool to match digital identities to traditional name and address data, such as that collected from loyalty programs.[22] On July 27, 2011, Acxiom named Scott E. Howe, as the company’s chief executive officer and president.[23]

In December 2011, Acxiom announced the sale of its background screening business, Acxiom Information Security Services (AISS), to Sterling Infosystems, now SterlingBackcheck.[24] In 2012, the NY Times reported that the company had the world’s largest commercial database on consumers.[8] In 2013, CNBC announced that the Federal Trade Commission was investigating Acxiom and eight other companies to learn how they collected and used consumer data.[25]

Acquisition of LiveRamp

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On May 14, 2014, Acxiom announced that it had acquired LiveRamp, a data onboarding company, for $310 million.[26] LiveRamp was co-founded in 2011 by Travis May and Auren Hoffman[27][28] as a spinout of RapLeaf, a marketing data and software company founded in San Francisco, California in 2005 by Hoffman and Manish Shah.[29][30] LiveRamp's services combined customers' CRM and loyalty program data with other available data sources, to better segment and target consumers. Acxiom kept the business operating under the LiveRamp name under the leadership of May.[28]

In July 2015, the company sold its IT outsourcing division, Acxiom IT Outsourcing (Acxiom ITO), to Charlesbank Capital Partners and M/C Partners, and Acxiom ITO was subsequently rebranded as Ensono.[31] In December, Acxiom acquired the Boston-based advanced-advertising unit of Allant, a third-party data shop focused on advertising and marketing.[32]

In November 2016, LiveRamp acquired two data and identity-matching startups, Arbor and Circulate, for more than $140 million combined.[33] The company also announced the launch of IdentityLink, a method of anonymizing consumer's identities as they are tracked across multiple platforms.[34] In August 2016, Acxiom sold its marketing automation solution, Acxiom Impact, for $50 million, to New York City-based marketing firm Zeta Interactive, now Zeta Global.[35] The company was also named in Glassdoor's top small company to work for.[36]

By 2017, LiveRamp was reportedly worth $1.5 billion.[28] In January 2017, Acxiom launched Audience Cloud, an anonymous targeting tool that allowed demographic segmentation of customers without revealing their actual identities.[37] On March 10, Acxiom announced that it was moving its headquarters back to Conway, Arkansas after selling its corporate office building in Little Rock, Arkansas. The building was acquired by Simmons Bank.[38] In May, LiveRamp announced a consortium formed with two other ad tech companies, AppNexus and MediaMath, to compete with Facebook and Google in the area of programmatic advertising, the term used to refer to the use of automation software to buy advertising.[39]

In February 2018, LiveRamp acquired Pacific Data Partners, an aggregator of anonymized business data.[40] Also in February, Acxiom announced a reorganization from three divisions into two - a Marketing Solutions group and its LiveRamp business.[41] In May, the company announced international expansion into Brazil, Netherlands, and Italy, and released Global Data Navigator (GDN), a portal for identifying available data elements by country.[42] In June 2018, Consumer research firm GfK MRI has partnered with Acxiom.[43] In July, advertising company Interpublic Group of Companies (IPG) announced they were buying Acxiom's Marketing Solutions (AMS) business for $USD2.3 billion. The deal did not include the LiveRamp business.[44] Also in July, LiveRamp announced a partnership with tracking software company Sonobi to help publishers sell targeted digital ads.[45] The sale of the Marketing Solutions business to IPG closed in October, and Acxiom officially changed its name to LiveRamp, and its ticker symbol to RAMP.[46][47] The Acxiom brand was transferred to IPG alongside the AMS business unit.[48]

In April 2019, LiveRamp acquired consent management platform provider Faktor.[49] In July, LiveRamp acquired the Boston-based television analytics company Data Plus Math for $150 million.[50]

2020s

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In January 2020, the company launched its own consent management platform, called Privacy Manager.[51] In March, the company launched Safe Haven, a tool allowing advertisers and media owners to share customer data while following privacy laws.[52] In July, LiveRamp acquired Acuity Data to enhance Safe Haven’s retail trade analytics capabilities.[50]

Products and services

[edit]

LiveRamp's products and services allow clients to combine customer data from various online and offline sources. Their products include:

  • Authenticated Traffic Solutions (ATS), a tool for publishers and advertisers to connect their data sources without using web cookies[1]
  • Data Marketplace, formerly IdentityLink Data Store, allows customers to highlight and activate customer data sets for targeted marketing purposes[53]
  • Data Plus Math, providing media measurement for brands, agencies, cable operators, streaming services, and networks to determine who is watching their ads, and matching it with other consumer behavior data[54]
  • Onboarding, which allows companies to analyze online and television first-party data. All personally identifiable information (PII) is removed from the data, and is replaced with anonymized IDs.[55]
  • Privacy Manager, a consent management platform supporting data compliance.[56]
  • Safe Haven, a tool for advertisers and retailers to share and analyze customer transaction data without violating privacy guidelines[52]

Regulatory and security matters

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Electronic Privacy Information Center (2003)

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In 2003, the Electronic Privacy Information Center filed a complaint before the Federal Trade Commission against LiveRamp predecessor Acxiom and JetBlue Airways, alleging the companies provided consumer information to Torch Concepts, a company hired by the United States Army "to determine how information from public and private records might be analyzed to help defend military bases from attack by terrorists and other adversaries."[57]

According to the complaint, Acxiom's activities constituted unfair and deceptive trade practices, as "Acxiom has publicly represented its belief that individuals should have noticed about how information about them is used and have choices about that dissemination, and has stated that it does not permit clients to make non-public information available to individuals", yet Acxiom proceeded to sell information to Torch Concepts without obtaining consent or providing the ability to opt-out, or furnishing notice to the affected consumers.[57]

The FTC took no action against Acxiom, which responded that it had followed its privacy principles and was not deceptive in its business practices. "Torch Concepts was acting under contract to the Department of Defense in their efforts to research ways to improve military base security", a company spokesman said. "Our policy clearly states that we 'provide information products which include financial information, Social Security number and other related information where permitted by law,' and that this information is 'provided to government agencies for the purposes of verifying information, employment screening and assisting law enforcement.'"[58]

Security breach (2003)

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In 2003, more than 1.6 billion customer records were stolen during the transmission of information to and from LiveRamp predecessor Acxiom's clients; the information included names, addresses, and e-mail addresses. Prosecutors described the 2006 case against the hacker accused of stealing the data as the "largest ever invasion and theft of personal data" ever tried.[59] The stolen data came to light during an investigation of a separate data theft incident.[60]

Based on their investigation, prosecutors said there was no risk of identity theft or harm to individuals based on the breaches. They also praised Acxiom for being aggressive in pursuing the hackers and cooperating with authorities. "The positive outcome of this investigation is testament to the strong partnerships we have established with our counterparts at the headquarters and field offices of various organizations, from the FBI and Department of Justice to the Internal Revenue Service and U.S. Attorney's Office in Little Rock", said K. C. Crowley, Special Agent in Charge of Secret Service's Little Rock Field Office. "Furthermore, I commend Acxiom Corporation for their cooperation and responsible approach to the situation. Acxiom's quick response in contacting federal investigators after determining there had been a network intrusion should serve as a model for others in similar circumstances."[61]

The two primary hackers were sentenced to lengthy (8 years) prison terms.[62][63]

Locations

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LiveRamp's headquarters is located in San Francisco, California, United States.[9] The company has additional U.S. offices in Little Rock, Arkansas; New York, New York; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Phoenix, Arizona; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. International offices are located in the United Kingdom, France, Australia, China, Japan and Singapore.[64]

See also

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References

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[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

LiveRamp

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: RAMP) is a technology company founded in 2012 and headquartered in , , that operates a collaboration platform to enable businesses to connect, control, and activate across digital ecosystems for and purposes. The platform specializes in identity resolution, data onboarding—transferring offline to online environments—and such as advanced and deterministic matching, serving clients in the United States, , , and internationally. Originally developed as a service within Corporation and acquired by it in 2014, LiveRamp was spun off as an independent in 2018 following Acxiom's acquisition by Interpublic Group. The company has grown through expansions in clean room technology for secure without exposing and integrations with major cloud providers, positioning itself as a key enabler in a post-cookie digital landscape amid declining reliance on third-party identifiers. Notable achievements include recognition as a leader in the 2025 IDC MarketScape for Worldwide Data Clean Room Software and multiple partner-of-the-year awards from AWS and Cloud for and retail solutions. LiveRamp has encountered controversies related to its handling practices, including class-action lawsuits alleging the creation and sale of detailed identity profiles without adequate consent, potentially violating laws, and complaints to regulators in the UK and over intrusive adtech linking personal identifiers to habits. Federal courts have allowed some of these claims to proceed, highlighting ongoing of brokers in an era of heightened concerns. Despite these challenges, LiveRamp maintains a focus on ethical use and compliance, reporting over 1,300 employees across 14 countries and serving as a foundational infrastructure for responsible collaboration.

History

Origins Under Acxiom (1990s-2000s)

Acxiom Corporation, originally founded in 1969 as Demographics, Inc. by Charles D. Ward in , initially focused on compiling mailing lists from phone books and public records to support political campaigns, such as those of the Democratic Party. The company rebranded to in 1988 and, throughout the 1990s, pivoted toward comprehensive data services amid the growth of , acquiring smaller firms and securing contracts for consumer data enhancement. This era saw the development of foundational tools for data matching, including postal code-based address verification systems that appended full mailing addresses to names and ZIP codes, serving as early prototypes for identity resolution by linking disparate consumer identifiers. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, expanded these capabilities to include email appending services, enabling marketers to match offline —such as names and addresses—with online addresses for targeted campaigns. These processes facilitated the transfer of batch files from client databases to digital platforms, addressing the rising demand for multichannel while relying on probabilistic matching algorithms to resolve identities across datasets. Such innovations laid the groundwork for scalable data connectivity, though they operated within 's proprietary ecosystem primarily for enterprise clients in retail and . Early regulatory scrutiny emerged in 2003 when the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) filed a complaint with the against and , alleging deceptive practices in disclosing passenger data to a third-party contractor, Torch Concepts, which appended demographic details from Acxiom's databases without adequate consumer notice or consent. Concurrently, Acxiom faced a significant security incident in 2003, where a accessed and downloaded approximately 8.2 gigabytes of client across multiple intrusions, culminating in a 2004 federal indictment of perpetrator Scott Levine for 139 unauthorized accesses affecting up to 1.6 billion records. These events prompted Acxiom to strengthen internal security protocols, including enhanced access controls and fraud detection, influencing the evolution of privacy safeguards in its data handling practices.

Early 2010s Development and Acquisition

In the early , LiveRamp emerged as a specialized data onboarding service designed to transfer offline (CRM) data into ecosystems, enabling marketers to match hashed identifiers like email addresses with digital or device IDs. Launched in 2011, the platform initially focused on desktop-based matching to overcome the fragmentation caused by third-party limitations and the siloed nature of offline , allowing brands to activate first-party data for targeted campaigns without direct access to personal information. This approach addressed growing demands in for scalable, privacy-compliant connectivity, as regulatory scrutiny on data practices began to intensify with events like the EU cookie directive updates. By 2013, LiveRamp expanded its capabilities to include support, broadening its utility for cross-channel activation amid the rise of advertising. The service emphasized deterministic matching—using exact identifiers for higher accuracy—while adhering to emerging standards for data hashing and consent to mitigate privacy risks, positioning it as a bridge between traditional CRM systems and programmatic platforms. This development phase saw LiveRamp gain traction among agencies and publishers, processing millions of records weekly and fostering integrations with demand-side platforms, though it operated independently until formal integration with larger data infrastructures. On May 14, 2014, Corporation announced its acquisition of LiveRamp for $310 million in cash, a deal that closed on July 1, 2014, to enhance 's ability to onboard offline into digital applications. The purchase, representing about 22% of 's at the time, integrated LiveRamp's technology into 's broader portfolio, capitalizing on surging demand for identity resolution in a post-cookie era. This move formalized LiveRamp's role in compliant transfer, emphasizing secure, auditable processes to navigate early privacy frameworks like self-regulatory principles from the Digital Advertising Alliance, while scaling its infrastructure for enterprise-level volumes.

Spin-Off, IPO, and Independence (2014-2018)

In July 2014, Corporation completed its acquisition of LiveRamp for $310 million in cash, integrating the company's onboarding capabilities into its broader marketing services ecosystem to enhance offline-to-online connectivity. This move positioned LiveRamp as a key asset for , enabling the matching and activation of first-party across digital platforms amid rising demand for people-based marketing. Under 's ownership, LiveRamp expanded through targeted acquisitions, including Arbor and Circulate in November 2016 for a combined $140 million to bolster people-based marketplaces, and Pacific Data Partners in February 2018 to aggregate anonymized business . These steps supported growth in identity resolution adoption, with U.S. connectivity revenue rising 44% from fiscal 2016 to 2017, driven by increasing reliance on deterministic matching amid shifting digital practices. By early 2018, announced a strategic reorganization to separate its LiveRamp connectivity unit from its Marketing Solutions (AMS) division, aiming to unlock independent value for each by focusing LiveRamp on neutral intermediation free from services conflicts. This restructuring culminated in the July 2018 agreement to sell AMS to Interpublic Group for $2.3 billion, which closed on September 20, 2018, leaving LiveRamp as the core of the rebranded Holdings, Inc. (subsequently renamed LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.). The company adopted the ticker symbol RAMP on the effective October 2, 2018, marking its operational independence as a standalone public entity headquartered in , with a sharpened emphasis on scalable collaboration tools. This separation allowed LiveRamp to pursue partnerships with major platforms, establishing its role as an impartial connector for activation without owning or selling consumer profiles itself.

Expansion and Recent Milestones (2020s)

In the early , LiveRamp experienced accelerated revenue growth amid evolving privacy regulations and the decline of third-party cookies, with 2025 revenue reaching $746 million, a 13% increase year-over-year. This expansion was propelled by heightened demand for its data collaboration tools, particularly in retail media networks and data clean rooms, which enabled secure, privacy-compliant partnerships between brands, publishers, and retailers. The company's platform facilitated cross-channel measurement and audience activation, addressing advertisers' needs for signal preservation in a cookieless environment. Key milestones in 2025 included the Investor Day event on February 25, where executives outlined strategies for sustained expansion, emphasizing across ecosystems and investments in . Later that year, on October 1, LiveRamp introduced new AI capabilities, including agentic tools for orchestration, AI-powered segmentation, and enhanced search within its Data Marketplace, aimed at automating workflows and improving discovery for clients. These developments positioned the company to capitalize on AI-driven while maintaining compliance with global standards. To counter signal loss from , LiveRamp advanced its authenticated traffic solutions and clean room integrations, enabling deterministic identity resolution across devices and channels without relying on probabilistic methods. This included expanded global , with partnerships extending into regions enforcing stringent privacy laws like the EU's GDPR, allowing clients to achieve addressable scales comparable to cookie-based systems. Such adaptations supported incremental adoption by enterprises seeking resilient data strategies amid regulatory shifts.

Products and Services

Core Data Connectivity Platform

LiveRamp's Core Data Connectivity Platform functions as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) infrastructure designed to enable secure, interoperable data flows between offline and online channels, unifying disparate datasets for activation in and workflows. It processes vast volumes of records—exceeding 4 daily—across a network of over 500 partners, facilitating the connection of first-party, second-party, and third-party data while prioritizing privacy controls and . This architecture supports scalable data onboarding and distribution, allowing enterprises to bridge silos without exposing raw customer information. At its foundation, the platform employs deterministic matching, which links identifiers like addresses or postal to persistent, people-based IDs through exact verification, ensuring high-precision consumer profiling for campaign targeting. Complementing this, probabilistic matching uses statistical models to associate devices or anonymous signals with individuals or households, extending reach where direct observations are unavailable and improving overall coverage for probabilistic scenarios. These methods collectively enable accurate attribution and segmentation, powering personalized experiences across ecosystems like digital advertising and . Amid the phased deprecation of third-party in browsers like , the platform equips brands to activate owned first-party data compliantly, mitigating signal loss by routing consented identifiers to downstream partners and platforms for measurement and optimization. This capability preserves addressability in cookieless environments, allowing data-driven decisions without dependence on browser-based tracking.

Identity Resolution and Onboarding Tools

LiveRamp's Identity Engine serves as a first-party identity resolution tool that processes customer-provided to generate and sustain persistent identifiers, enabling the unification of disparate records into cohesive profiles. This capability supports the resolution of identity conflicts by cross-referencing inputs such as emails, phone numbers, and other identifiers against established graphs, thereby enriching CRM datasets with appended attributes for enhanced accuracy in consumer mapping. Complementing this, AbiliTec handles offline identity resolution by linking directly identifiable , such as postal addresses, to probabilistic online signals, which facilitates the translation of known consumer details into actionable digital endpoints. Data onboarding processes within these tools involve matching offline CRM records—typically containing emails, phones, or hashed identifiers—to online browsing behaviors, allowing for real-time activation in applications. Match rates, defined as the proportion of unique identifiable records successfully linked to online devices, depend on input but are optimized through configurable logic to support scalable operations across large datasets. These resolutions enable seamless data flows without exposing raw personal information, focusing on pseudonymous keys for downstream use. Integrations with customer data platforms (CDPs) and demand-side platforms (DSPs) allow for direct embedding of resolution capabilities, where LiveRamp enhances profile enrichment and matching precision by incorporating additional signals into existing stacks. For instance, server-to-server connections bypass cookie-based limitations, permitting efficient activation of resolved identities into workflows. LiveRamp upholds operational integrity through SOC 2 Type II attestation and ongoing pursuit of ISO 27001 certification, ensuring audited controls for data handling in these integrations.

Data Collaboration and Marketplace Features

LiveRamp's data collaboration features center on clean room technologies that enable multi-party in a secure, neutral environment, where participants retain control over their raw data while performing federated computations for advertising measurement and optimization. These clean rooms support across cloud providers, identity systems, and partners, allowing brands, agencies, publishers, platforms, and commerce media networks to collaborate without direct access to each other's underlying datasets. RampID serves as a core pseudonymized identifier in these collaborations, functioning as a persistent, people-based token derived from hashed PII to facilitate cross-vendor matching and activation without exposing sensitive details. This enables secure data and querying in clean rooms, bridging silos between first-party data holders and external ecosystems like walled gardens. The company's Data Marketplace provides a platform for accessing anonymized, aggregated third-party datasets, which buyers use to refine audience segmentation, expand media reach, and derive insights for and activation. Datasets in the include those from retail media networks and publishers, delivered in privacy-safe formats to comply with regulations while supporting performance-driven strategies. On October 23, 2025, LiveRamp announced expansions enabling retail media networks to measure Meta advertising performance through its collaboration network, integrating anonymized insights from publisher data to assess cross-platform campaign outcomes without PII transfer. This integration highlights the marketplace's role in connecting commerce media with social platforms for enhanced attribution in privacy-constrained environments.

Technology and Innovations

Privacy-Preserving Technologies

LiveRamp implements through hashing and tokenization to safeguard personally identifiable information (PII) during and connectivity. Incoming files containing PII undergo decryption followed by irreversible via salting and hashing algorithms, such as SHA-256, , or applied to identifiers like addresses, with all characters converted to lowercase for consistency. This approach replaces sensitive data with non-reversible tokens or pseudonymous identifiers, such as the RampID, which represents individuals without exposing raw PII, thereby minimizing re-identification risks in downstream applications like identity resolution. In data collaboration environments, particularly clean rooms, LiveRamp incorporates mechanisms to further protect against inference attacks. involves injecting calibrated into datasets or query outputs, ensuring that the addition or removal of any single individual's data does not significantly alter aggregate results, thus preserving statistical utility while bounding leakage. This technique is applied alongside aggregation thresholds to enforce responsible data controls, preventing unauthorized access to granular PII during joint analyses between partners. To enhance consent orchestration as a technical layer for compliance, LiveRamp acquired Faktor, a consent management platform (CMP), in April 2019. The integration of Faktor's capabilities into LiveRamp's Manager enables configurable, real-time signals that propagate across flows, supporting granular user preferences under frameworks like CCPA without relying on third-party cookies. This acquisition expanded LiveRamp's toolkit for embedding -by-design principles, allowing publishers and marketers to automate validation at the point of .

AI and Advanced Analytics Integrations

LiveRamp introduced agentic AI capabilities on October 1, 2025, enabling autonomous agents to orchestrate marketing workflows by integrating with the company's identity resolution, segmentation, , clean rooms, and tools under user-defined controls. These tools facilitate data orchestration by allowing AI agents to plan, execute, and optimize tasks such as campaign and performance analysis across siloed datasets, reducing manual intervention while preserving privacy through secure data access protocols. The agentic framework supports in data flows by automating reviews and classifications, as demonstrated in LiveRamp's May 2025 partnership with Above Data, which employs AI for enhanced data labeling and to identify irregularities in large-scale datasets. Machine learning models within LiveRamp's ecosystem improve probabilistic identity matching by refining signal correlations and reducing false positives in uncertain scenarios, complementing deterministic methods without relying solely on exact . These models draw from trillions of networked signals to boost match accuracy, particularly in cross-device environments where partial data overlaps probabilistic inferences. AI-powered segmentation further leverages and to accelerate audience building and targeting, enabling dynamic adjustments based on real-time behavioral patterns. Integrations with external platforms extend these capabilities to cross-screen , where LiveRamp's Cross-Media solution, launched February 25, 2025, unifies datasets from partners for de-duplicated insights across digital, TV, and connected TV channels. This facilitates advanced attribution modeling and frequency optimization by aggregating signals in a privacy-safe environment, yielding metrics like audience overlaps and ROI impacts without exposing raw . Such integrations enhance predictive forecasting for media spend allocation, as AI-driven processes multi-channel to forecast lifts.

RampID and Deterministic Matching Systems

RampID is a pseudonymous, people-based identifier created by LiveRamp through deterministic matching of offline personally identifiable information (PII), such as names, addresses, emails, and phone numbers, with online devices and other signals to form a persistent representation of individuals or households. Formerly known as IdentityLink, it was rebranded to RampID in May 2021 to emphasize its role in enabling privacy-compliant, . LiveRamp maintains the largest deterministic identity graph commercially available, encompassing PII for approximately 245 million individuals in the United States as of 2025. Deterministic matching in RampID relies on exact, verified linkages—such as authenticated emails or phone numbers—to assign identifiers, ensuring high precision by tying disparate points to confirmed real-world entities rather than inferred probabilities. This contrasts with probabilistic approaches, which construct device graphs based on modeled similarities in browsing patterns, IP addresses, or timestamps, often yielding lower accuracy due to reliance on statistical correlations without direct verification. LiveRamp's AbiliTec software powers this process by merging offline PII records and resolving online pseudonymous identifiers (e.g., or mobile ad IDs) into four RampID types differentiated by PII completeness levels, facilitating consistent attribution across channels like digital, mobile, and connected TV. The RampID ecosystem connects with more than 500 partners across the marketing and data landscape, including platforms for , , and , to distribute resolved identities while preserving through hashing mechanisms like SHA-256 on emails and phones. These hashed identifiers enable persistent, people-based tracking beyond third-party cookies by mapping transient signals (e.g., device IDs) to stable RampIDs, supporting real-time resolution for authenticated traffic and audience without exposing raw PII. This underpins deterministic linkages in environments like Conversions API implementations, where RampID has demonstrated match rate improvements of up to 52% over standalone hashed emails.

Business Model and Financials

Revenue Streams and Growth Drivers

LiveRamp primarily monetizes its data connectivity platform through a combination of subscription-based software-as-a-service (SaaS) fees for core access and tools, usage-based charges for data onboarding and activation processes, and commissions or transaction fees derived from its Data Marketplace, where third-party data sellers and buyers transact segments often priced on a cost-per-mille (CPM) basis. The company's revenue segmentation highlights activation services—encompassing identity resolution, data matching, and deployment to marketing destinations—as the dominant stream, accounting for over 60% of , while connectivity services, including platform subscriptions and facilitation, contribute the remainder through recurring fees and ancillary usage. Subscription revenue, tied to SaaS access, grew 10% year-over-year to $148 million in the first quarter of 2026 (ended June 30, 2025), reflecting steady demand for foundational , whereas and other revenue expanded 13% to $46 million, driven by increased data transactions. Key growth drivers include the escalating need for privacy-preserving identity solutions amid the of third-party and stricter regulations like GDPR and CCPA, positioning LiveRamp's RampID and deterministic matching as viable alternatives that enable addressable without relying on deprecated tracking mechanisms. This demand fueled overall quarterly revenue growth of approximately 11% in early 2025, with reaching $195 million in Q1 FY2026, as enterprises seek scalable, compliant methods to connect and activate first-party data across fragmented ecosystems.

Key Acquisitions, Partnerships, and Market Expansion

LiveRamp has pursued strategic acquisitions to bolster its data collaboration and privacy capabilities. In January 2024, the company acquired , a data clean room platform, for approximately $200 million, comprising $170 million in cash and $30 million in stock, to enhance enterprise-level without compromising . Earlier, in February 2021, LiveRamp acquired DataFleets, a provider of privacy-preserving computation tools, to integrate advanced secure into its . These moves have expanded LiveRamp's technological footprint in controlled data environments, supporting growth in regulated markets. Key partnerships have further driven platform adoption across advertising and media sectors. LiveRamp collaborates with Yahoo, extending their alliance in March 2025 to improve addressability solutions in , , and (EMEA) through authenticated traffic integration. The company also partners with on privacy-first identifier solutions tailored for , launched in 2022 to meet emerging regulatory demands via LiveRamp's infrastructure. Additional alliances include Cloud for seamless data access and AdOmni for unified cross-media measurement, enabling deeper integration with demand-side platforms and publishers. Market expansion efforts have targeted and (APAC) regions, aligning with rising retail media networks and standardization trends as of 2025. LiveRamp's 2025 outlines investments in these areas to deepen customer relationships and address growing demand for compliant connectivity. Operations now span multiple countries in EMEA and APAC, facilitated by partnerships like the Yahoo extension, which enhances marketer access to regional publisher demand. This geographic push supports LiveRamp's strategy to capture share in international ecosystems amid evolving landscapes.

Financial Performance and Investor Metrics

LiveRamp achieved 2025 of $746 million, marking a 13% year-over-year increase driven by demand for its data connectivity and collaboration services. for the year reached a record $153 million, reflecting a 51% surge from the previous , supported by enhanced operational efficiency and recurring growth. The company also grew its cohort of high-value clients, with those generating over $1 million in annual subscription rising to 128 from 115 in 2024. Non-GAAP operating margins showed progressive expansion throughout fiscal year 2025, with Q4 non-GAAP operating income increasing to $23 million from $16 million in the year-ago quarter, attributable to scale efficiencies in platform delivery and cost management. gross margins for the full year stood at 71%, with non-GAAP gross profit reaching $550 million, underscoring improved profitability as revenue scaled. Post-IPO, LiveRamp's (NYSE: RAMP) has exhibited volatility aligned with advertising technology sector dynamics, with shares trading in the $27–$28.50 range during October 2025, including a close of $28.51 on amid steady trading volume. This followed 2025 results reported on May 21, 2025, and reflects focus on the company's position in privacy-compliant data solutions, though broader market conditions influenced short-term fluctuations.

Regulatory Compliance and Controversies

Historical Security Breaches and Early Scrutiny (2003)

In early August 2003, Corporation detected unlawful security breaches on an external (FTP) server outside its primary firewall, where unauthorized individuals accessed and downloaded sensitive files containing . investigations revealed that hackers, including a arrested in , had conducted multiple intrusions—ultimately totaling 137 attacks—resulting in the theft of approximately 1.6 billion customer records, including names, addresses, and other identifiers aggregated for purposes. maintained that no core internal databases were compromised, attributing the vulnerability to the isolated FTP setup used for data transfers with partners, though the incident underscored risks in perimeter server configurations for large-scale data brokers. The breach prompted immediate internal reviews and fortifications, with enhancing its overall security infrastructure to prevent recurrence, including tighter access controls and monitoring protocols, as the intrusions were halted by summer 2003. This event drew early regulatory and public attention to 's handling, as the scale of exposed records—far exceeding typical incidents—highlighted potential systemic weaknesses in aggregating profiles without robust segmentation. No evidence emerged of direct harm like from the stolen , but it fueled broader debates on accountability for aggregators. Concurrently, in September 2003, the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) lodged a formal complaint with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) against Acxiom and JetBlue Airways, alleging deceptive trade practices under Section 5 of the FTC Act. The complaint centered on Acxiom's sale of demographic data covering about 5 million U.S. households to Torch Concepts, a defense contractor, which then matched it against 1.1 million JetBlue passenger records to analyze travel patterns for anti-terrorism modeling—without obtaining explicit consumer consent or adequate disclosure. EPIC argued this violated privacy assurances in Acxiom's policies and JetBlue's terms, seeking an FTC injunction, destruction of derived profiles, and public notice to affected individuals. The FTC acknowledged the filing but did not pursue enforcement action, though the scrutiny contributed to Acxiom refining its data-sharing consent mechanisms and transparency reporting in subsequent years. These episodes, occurring amid Acxiom's role as a pioneer in consumer data compilation, informed subsequent safeguards in identity resolution and matching technologies that presaged tools like those developed under LiveRamp's lineage, emphasizing compartmentalized access, regular audits, and verifiable standards to mitigate insider and external threats. Acxiom's post-incident measures, including fortified perimeter defenses, were cited in later SEC disclosures as baselines for operational resilience in data ecosystems.

Adaptation to Privacy Regulations (GDPR, CCPA)

In response to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) taking effect on May 25, 2018, LiveRamp implemented consent management frameworks and data minimization principles for its European operations, prioritizing user consent before processing personal data. The company introduced Privacy Manager, a configurable platform launched in December 2019, to manage user preferences, store proof-of-consent, and enable compliance with GDPR alongside the ePrivacy Directive by facilitating transparent data collection choices. Additionally, LiveRamp adopted conditional firing mechanisms in its tag management systems, ensuring scripts like Audience Targeting Solution (ATS) load in the EU only after obtaining explicit consent, thereby aligning with GDPR's requirements for lawful processing. These measures were supported by a Data Processing Addendum (DPA) that outlines safeguards and provides documentation to clients for verifying adherence to data protection laws. For the (CCPA), effective January 1, 2020, LiveRamp began preparations in 2019 by leveraging its GDPR data inventory processes to map personal information flows, reevaluate partner contracts for compliance clauses, and develop tools to honor requests for data sales cessation. Manager was extended to CCPA, bundling and preference management with features for handling access, deletion, and rights under the law. The company established dedicated processes for CCPA requests, including email confirmations and mandated timelines for fulfillment, as outlined in its Notice updated in 2025. LiveRamp has pursued certifications such as adherence to the -U.S. Data Privacy Framework since its certification in 2023, facilitating secure data transfers from the while embedding privacy-by-design in services like identity resolution. Company executives have argued that regulations like GDPR and CCPA incentivize ethical data practices and innovation in , such as secure data collaboration environments, rather than constraining market dynamics.

Recent Lawsuits, Complaints, and Privacy Criticisms (2024-2025)

In February 2024, the Open Rights Group (ORG), a UK-based digital rights advocacy organization, filed formal complaints with the (ICO) and France's Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés (CNIL), accusing LiveRamp of unlawful under the UK GDPR and EU GDPR. The complaints centered on LiveRamp's use of browser beacons, , and identity resolution technologies to profile users across websites and devices for , alleging no valid legal basis such as or legitimate interest, inadequate transparency, and insufficient measures that enable "pervasive identity surveillance." A 61-page report commissioned by ORG from Cracked Labs detailed these practices, claiming they facilitate mass data aggregation without user awareness or efficacy, potentially violating profiling prohibitions absent explicit safeguards. LiveRamp contested the complaints, asserting compliance with GDPR requirements through reliance on legitimate interests for adtech operations and implementation of like . The company argued that characterizations of its systems as "stalker-like" surveillance overlook the necessity of such tools for efficient, privacy-compliant digital advertising ecosystems, which regulators have not yet ruled against as of October 2025. No formal investigations or fines from the or CNIL have been publicly announced in response to these filings. In early 2025, residents Christine Riganian and others initiated a proposed against LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of (Case No. 4:25-cv-00824), alleging violations of the California Invasion of Privacy Act (CIPA), 's to , and other state laws. Plaintiffs claimed LiveRamp unlawfully tracked activities via invisible pixels and beacons, compiled comprehensive "Identity Profiles" from client data, and sold these profiles—including inferred demographics, behaviors, and locations—without consumer consent, constituting unauthorized and data monetization. On July 18, 2025, U.S. District Judge granted LiveRamp's motion to dismiss in part but denied it as to key and CIPA claims, ruling that plaintiffs plausibly alleged creation and sale of detailed profiles invading reasonable expectations, allowing the case to advance toward discovery. LiveRamp defended by arguing its data practices rely on contractual client agreements and do not intercept communications in violation of CIPA, positioning the suit's "surveillance" framing as an overreach that ignores lawful identity resolution essential for targeted yet efficient ad delivery without third-party . No settlements or final rulings have occurred as of October 2025.

Industry Impact and Reception

Achievements in Advertising and Data Ecosystems

LiveRamp's RampID system has advanced deterministic identity resolution in advertising, enabling precise people-based targeting without reliance on third-party cookies and thereby minimizing ad waste in privacy-constrained environments. By matching offline personally identifiable information to online identifiers, RampID supports addressable media activation across platforms, as evidenced by its integration in data clean rooms that facilitate secure data sharing for campaign optimization. This capability has positioned LiveRamp as a leader in the IDC MarketScape for Worldwide Data Clean Room Technology for Advertising and Marketing Use Cases in 2025, underscoring its role in enhancing ecosystem interoperability. In retail media networks, LiveRamp contributes to sector expansion by enabling retailers to activate first-party loyalty data for cross-channel targeting and measurement, exemplified by its collaboration with Advertising Group to connect over 101 million loyalty members with billions of signals for media . On October 23, 2025, LiveRamp expanded access to Meta insights for these networks, allowing neutral aggregation of partner data—including from Meta—to drive informed bidding and without proprietary lock-in. Such integrations bolster retail media's growth trajectory, projected to reach nearly $100 billion in ad spending by 2028, by providing scalable data connectivity that unlocks shopper-level precision. LiveRamp's Cross-Media Intelligence, launched on February 25, 2025, facilitates cross-publisher measurement by unifying exposure from digital, CTV, linear TV, and other channels in a single collaborative environment, enabling deduplication of conversions and frequency capping with user consent. This tool integrates with publisher networks, DSPs, and log-level sources to deliver holistic campaign insights, addressing fragmentation in multi-platform . A Forrester Total Economic Impact study commissioned by LiveRamp quantified the platform's value at a 313% over three years for use cases, reflecting tangible efficiency gains through enhanced measurement accuracy. The company's neutral platform architecture promotes competition by operating as an open intermediary that avoids favoring any single ecosystem participant, allowing brands, publishers, and platforms to select optimal partners while maintaining data control. This stance, formalized in LiveRamp's Statement of Neutrality, has enabled widespread adoption across the marketing ecosystem, as affirmed by its designation as the 2023 AWS Global Industry Partner of the Year in Advertising and Marketing. By prioritizing interoperability over exclusivity, LiveRamp sustains innovation in data ecosystems, evidenced by its first-in-industry certification for the Digital Advertising Alliance's Addressable Media Identifier in January 2024.

Criticisms and Debates on Data Practices

Privacy advocates, including the , have criticized LiveRamp's identity resolution technologies for enabling invasive profiling that links offline , such as names and addresses, with online browsing behavior, allegedly without adequate legal basis or security measures. filed complaints with the UK's and France's CNIL in February 2024, arguing that LiveRamp's RampID system facilitates unchecked data flows across advertisers, potentially constituting unlawful processing under GDPR principles. Such critiques frame LiveRamp's practices within broader concerns over surveillance capitalism, where data intermediaries like LiveRamp purportedly extract value from personal information to fuel targeted marketing without commensurate consumer safeguards or transparency. These accusations often emphasize of exploitation, particularly from left-leaning advocacy groups that prioritize restricting to prevent perceived harms like discriminatory or loss of , yet overlook causal trade-offs where connectivity enhances service and prevention. In response, defenders invoke consent mechanisms inherent in frameworks, noting that voluntary participation in ecosystems—evidenced by limited exercise of rights—reflects consumer valuation of utilities like relevant recommendations over blanket restrictions. LiveRamp's 2025 highlights rates as a potential but implies current levels have not materially deterred adoption, aligning with industry patterns where remain under 1% of eligible users, suggesting revealed preferences favor amid available choices. Debates intensify around balancing innovation with , such as CCPA's mandates, which critics argue impose compliance burdens that stifle -driven efficiencies without proportional gains, while proponents contend they curb overreach by firms like LiveRamp. Empirical scrutiny reveals that stringent rules may reduce availability for beneficial uses—e.g., improved ad relevance lowering costs for consumers—yet narratives often amplify hypothetical harms over observed behaviors, where low engagement indicates tolerance rather than . This tension underscores causal realism: practices persist because they deliver verifiable value, such as ecosystem-wide , outweighing sporadic complaints from vocal minorities in biased circles.

Competitive Landscape and Future Outlook

LiveRamp operates in the data connectivity and identity resolution market, facing from platforms such as Audience Manager, Audience Studio, , , and Lotame, which offer similar data management and activation capabilities for marketing and advertising. and also vie in broader data orchestration and ad tech spaces, often integrating proprietary tools that challenge LiveRamp's focus. Unlike walled-garden ecosystems dominated by entities like and Meta, which restrict data access to internal silos, LiveRamp differentiates through its collaboration network, enabling secure, permissioned connections across advertisers, publishers, and platforms via RampID for pseudonymous identity resolution. This approach fosters ecosystem-wide addressability amid deprecation, positioning LiveRamp as a neutral connector rather than a vertically integrated competitor. Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond, ad tech trends emphasize AI-driven , retail media networks, and privacy-compliant , areas where LiveRamp's aligns strongly. Retail media is projected to expand to $179.5 billion globally, driven by first-party , with LiveRamp's connectivity enabling brands to leverage transaction-level insights without direct data ownership. AI advancements in and real-time targeting further bolster demand for LiveRamp's scalable resolution tools, supporting hyper-personalized campaigns across channels. Analysts forecast sustained revenue growth of 8-15% annually for LiveRamp, reflecting its FY2025 performance of 10-13% top-line expansion and accelerating subscription metrics into FY2026. Potential risks include escalating regulations, such as evolving global standards beyond GDPR and CCPA, which could intensify scrutiny on flows and necessitate ongoing compliance investments. However, LiveRamp's emphasis on deterministic, consent-based identity and positions it to capitalize on these shifts, potentially outpacing rivals slower to adapt to cookieless environments. Market fragmentation in retail media and rising AI competition may pressure margins, yet LiveRamp's partner ecosystem—spanning over 500 integrations—provides a defensive for sustained relevance in an open-web .

Corporate Operations

Leadership and Governance

Scott Howe has served as and President of LiveRamp since 2011, initially leading the company as a business unit within before its spin-off as an independent public entity in 2014. With over three decades of experience in software, marketing, and data industries, Howe's background includes roles at Corporation, where he advanced data-driven marketing solutions, as well as positions at and Razorfish focused on digital advertising and analytics. A magna cum laude graduate of with a degree in economics and an MBA from , Howe has directed LiveRamp's strategic emphasis on identity resolution and data connectivity amid evolving privacy regulations. The board of directors comprises individuals with specialized expertise in technology, digital advertising, and finance, providing oversight aligned with LiveRamp's data-centric operations. Key members include Clark M. Kokich, independent non-executive chairman with extensive digital media experience from roles at and Avenue A/Razorfish; Vivian Chow, chair of the Audit/Finance Committee, bringing financial acumen from her tenure as CFO at ; John L. Battelle, a media and technology entrepreneur; and Timothy R. Cadogan, an investor with technology investment background. This composition supports strategic decisions on innovation in data ecosystems while emphasizing in and compliance. LiveRamp's governance framework features independent board committees that enforce standards and monitor management performance. The Audit/Finance Committee, for instance, oversees internal controls, financial reporting, and compliance with regulatory requirements, including data privacy risks through review of policies and . The board's principles, last updated in November 2023, stress diverse skills in business, technology, and policy to guide long-term interests. Executive compensation is predominantly performance-based, with a substantial equity component to align incentives with shareholder value. For fiscal year 2025, CEO Howe's total compensation totaled $9.58 million, comprising approximately 7.2% base salary and 92.8% in stock awards vesting on achievement of metrics such as revenue growth and operational performance. This structure, detailed in annual proxy statements, ties rewards to company milestones like expansion in connected data platforms while incorporating clawback provisions for misconduct.

Global Locations and Workforce

LiveRamp maintains its headquarters in , , at 225 Bush Street, 17th Floor. The company operates 11 offices worldwide to support its data connectivity platform. Key international locations include London, (Imperial House, 8 Kean Street); Paris, France; Sydney, Australia (, 1 Sussex Street, Barangaroo); and Shanghai, China (No. 138 Middle Huaihai Road). These facilities span , (including the EU and ), , and , enabling region-specific operations. As of August 2025, LiveRamp employs approximately 1,227 people globally, reflecting a 3.4% decline from the prior year amid restructuring that reduced full-time staff by about 5% in March 2025. In response to the 2020 , LiveRamp shifted to a distributed model, launching the GSD@ program in 2021 to equip global teams with tools for remote collaboration and productivity. This approach emphasizes flexible work arrangements while maintaining engineering and operational hubs in major offices to address local data privacy regulations and needs across jurisdictions.

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  166. https://simplywall.st/stocks/us/software/nyse-ramp/liveramp-holdings/management
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  170. https://liveramp.com/blog/how-liveramp-building-future-of-work/
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