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D'Addario (manufacturer)
D'Addario (manufacturer)
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D'Addario (Da-dairy-oh)[1] is a family-owned and operated American multinational company that specializes in musical instrument accessories, headquartered in Farmingdale, Long Island, New York.

Key Information

D'Addario is the world’s largest musical instrument accessories manufacturer, marketing its products under several brands, including D'Addario Fretted, D'Addario Accessories, Evans Drumheads, ProMark Drumsticks, D'Addario Woodwinds, D’Addario Orchestral, and Puresound Snare Wire.[2]

Having roots dating back to the 17th century,[3] D’Addario was founded in 1973 in a 2,000-foot-long (610 m) Long Island storefront by Jim and Janet D'Addario. With fewer than five employees, sales revenues were under $500,000 in their first year. In 1974, father John D'Addario, Sr. and brother John D'Addario, Jr. joined Jim and Janet to launch the D'Addario string brand.

Today, the company conducts business worldwide, with offices on four continents including locations in Brooklyn, New York; Houston, Texas; Sun Valley, California; Newcastle upon Tyne, England; France, Germany, Australia and China.

D'Addario manufactures 95 percent of its products in the United States, distributes to 120 countries, and serves more than 3,300 retailers and all major e-commerce sites. Alongside its own products, D'Addario also produces OEM wire and strings for other musical instrument companies.

The D'Addario Foundation, the company’s philanthropic arm, was established in 1979. The foundation works to identify, fund, and partner with grassroots, community-based organizations that improve outcomes for historically marginalized and impoverished children through immersive music education.

History

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Early years

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The Abruzzo region in Italy was an agricultural and sheep herding region in the 1600s, and many shepherds there produced strings made from sheep and hog intestines that were used on instruments such as guitars, violins, lutes, and harps. The D'Addario (phonetically pronounced /dəˈdɛɹio/ in American English or /dadˈdaɾio/ in Italian) family's connection to string making can be traced back to the 1600s.[4]

The D’Addario family perfected their craft in Salle for two centuries before an earthquake destroyed their entire town in 1905. It was then that the D'Addario family emigrated to Astoria in Queens, New York to continue the family business.[5] In the company's earliest days, Charles D'Addario imported strings his father made from Salle. Later, he opened a shop out of his garage in Astoria where he began to produce and sell his own gut strings locally. He established C. D'Addario & Co. in the early years of The Great Depression. His son, John D'Addario Sr., grew up learning the trade from his father and ultimately became a partner of C. D'Addario & Son in the 1930s.[6] The company then transitioned from producing gut strings to steel and nylon core strings. Nylon strings adapted a nylon microfilament created by chemical company DuPont to be used in toothbrushes and brooms. John Sr. realized this material would be perfect for nylon harp and classical guitar strings.[7]

C. D'Addario & Son

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In the 1940s and 1950s, C. D'Addario & Son continued to perfect its nylon strings.[8] At this time, the company mainly was producing strings for violins; however, as the rock and roll community grew John D'Addario Sr. saw the opportunity to expand the company's product offerings. In the 1960s, John Sr. established Archaic Musical String Manufacturing Co.,[9] through which he produced the first electric guitar strings to have nickel-plated steel alloy. He supplied strings to instrument makers as original equipment and to private-label accounts. John Sr. then merged C. D'Addario & Son with Archaic Musical String Manufacturing Co. to form Darco Music Strings.

Darco Music

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Darco Music Strings capitalized on the booming guitar market in the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s with a combination of innovative string technologies and partnerships with major guitar manufacturers. In 1959, Darco invented zinc-plated steel roundwound bass strings for electric bass guitars. In 1964, Darco offered bronze-wound acoustic and nickel-wrapped electric strings. In 1968, Darco Music Strings developed a strong relationship with the Martin Guitar Company and Darco eventually became a division of C. F. Martin & Company.[10]

J. D’Addario & Company

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In 1973, J. D'Addario and Company launched in Lynbrook, New York, where John Jr. and Jim D'Addario were the two partners of the company. Their father, John D'Addario, Sr., died in 2000.[11]

Acquisitions

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D'Addario has made several company acquisitions over the past four decades, including Kaplan Musical String Company in 1981, Evans Drumheads in 1995, Rico Reeds in 2004, Puresound Snarewire in 2007, ProMark Drumstick in 2011 and Super-Sensitive Musical String Company in 2020.[12]

Present day

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Effective January 1, 2020, D'Addario announced that John D’Addario III, son of John D'Addario Jr, and nephew of Jim D'Addario, would become the CEO & President of D'Addario, while Jim D'Addario, one of the company's founders and leaders since its inception in 1973, will be stepping down as CEO and assuming a new dual role as Chairman of the Board and Chief Innovation Officer.[13]

COVID-19 face shields

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In March 2020, after New York State required non-essential businesses to shut their doors due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the D'Addario Research & Development team worked alongside Chief Innovation Officer, Jim D'Addario to develop face shields with the mylar film used to produce Evans Drumheads' G2 heads.

In October 2020, D'Addario received a $341,000 grant from the New York State Government to expand face shield manufacturing operations.[14]

Brands

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D’Addario markets products under a number of brand names, each of which is used on products geared toward a different niche.[15]

  • The D'Addario brand is used on many products, including guitar strings and straps.
  • Evans Drumheads is a brand used for products geared toward drummers and is used for drumheads, including Level 360, introduced in 2013. Level 360 aims to ensure greater contact and balance between the head and drum with a greater tonal range.[16] Level 360 Technology is a feature on all Evans drumheads. It allows the head's playing surface to sit perfectly level around the entire 360 degrees of the drum's bearing edge. This allows for ease of tuning, extended pitch range, and optimum quality of sound.
  • Pro-Mark is a line of drumsticks, including ActiveGrip, FireGrain[17] and SPYR Mallets.
  • D'Addario Woodwinds is a line of reed products, including Rico and Royal Reeds.
  • D'Addario Orchestral is a line of orchestral string products, including Prelude, Ascenté synthetic violin strings,[18] Helicore strings, Kaplan strings as well as Rosin and accessories

Products and innovations

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Strings

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The original 1950s string formula used pure nickel, which created a characteristically mellow sound. In the early 1960s, John D'Addario, Sr., introduced a brighter-sounding, second-generation nickel-plated steel string, which became the industry standard for the next five decades. Today, 80 percent of all electric guitar strings are based on his formula.[19]

In 2014, D'Addario unveiled a new electric guitar string, NYXL, featuring a nickel-plated steel alloy designed to improve durability and tuning stability. The reformulated nickel-plated steel alloy boosts amplitude in the 1 kHz to 3.5 kHz range, modernizing overall tone without losing that nickel-plated steel feel.[20][21]

In 2019, D’Addario introduced the X Series, a line of strings for electric, acoustic, classical, bass, and folk instruments. The D’Addario Research and Development team combined several of the company’s innovations, including extended lifespan treatments, New York Steel, and Fusion Twists, into a single product line. The series includes two variants, XT and XS, which differ in string construction and surface treatments to accommodate different player preferences and instrument types.[22][23]

The first portfolio in the series, XT, combines high carbon steel cores, and the most popular alloys with extended lifespan treatment on every string in the set, giving players enhanced break resistance, pitch stability, and long-lasting performance—all while preserving the tone and feel of uncoated strings.[24]

In 2021, D'Addario launched XS Acoustic. Designed for six-string guitar, twelve-string guitar and mandolin, XS offers players maximum life, strength and stability—all without sacrificing tone. XS features a thin film coating (1/10 the thickness of a human hair) that completely protects the wound strings from corrosion, without dampening the tone.[25]

In 2022, D’Addario introduced XS Electric strings, which included a reformulated nickel-plated steel wrap wire that provides a bright tone with increased output, bite, and sustain.[26]

Accessories

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In 1998, D'Addario acquired Planet Waves, a small guitar strap company on Long Island, and began manufacturing its own accessories under the Planet Waves brand name.

Some of the first products Jim D'Addario and the team designed included an Ergonomic Peg Winder with a built-in string stretcher, as well as a line of instrument cables.

Inventor Arthur Pantoja sent an email to Jim discussing the development of a combination peg winder and string cutter. Jim liked the idea, the patent was good, and the prototype worked, but the product needed some fine-tuning. With the help of guitar designer Ned Steinberger, they designed a marketable product called the Pro-Winder, with built-in hardened-steel wire cutters. The Pro-Winder, a combination peg winder and string cutter, was one of the first commercially available products to combine these functions.[27]

Drumheads

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In 1956, drummer Marion "Chick" Evans produced the first commercially viable synthetic drumhead, which also proved to be weatherproof. He subsequently founded Evans Drumheads in 1957, running the company for a few years, making the heads by hand and personally selling them to professional drum shops along the West Coast of the United States. To help run production, Chick partnered with Bob Beals, who later became the company’s owner.

In March 1995, at Musikmesse Frankfurt, John D'Addario Jr. was introduced to Beals, who wanted to retire and was looking to sell the company. The D'Addario's saw this as an opportunity to enter a new market segment, and D'Addario acquired Evans Drumheads, moving the company’s factory from Dodge City, Kansas to Farmingdale, New York.

To improve quality, the new team developed and patented a Low Temperature Forming (LTF) system to bend and shape drumhead collars. One of D'Addario's most significant achievements was Jim D'Addario's idea for an overhead robotic gluing gantry to bond the drumhead film into the aluminum hoops.[28]

In 2013, Evans Drumheads introduced Level 360, a new philosophy to each of its head ranges. A feature on all Evans drumheads, Level 360 technology aims to ensure greater contact and balance between the head and drum with a greater tonal range, allowing the playing surface of the head to sit perfectly level around the entire 360 degrees of the drum’s bearing edge. It also allows for ease of tuning and optimum quality of sound.[29][30]

ProMark Drumsticks

[edit]

Herb Brochstein, a seasoned drummer in the music industry, operated a studio and retail shop in Houston, Texas in the 1950s. A passing salesman sold him six pairs of Japanese-made drumsticks that were of much better quality than domestic sticks. Brochstein recruited Tat Kosaka in Japan to help him locate the factory in which they were made, and in 1957, he founded ProMark to begin selling drumsticks in the United States.

Initially, ProMark sticks were based on American-made models, which Brochstein sent to the factory with instructions on how he wanted them made. When Brochstein made his first visit to the factory, he was met with a startling revelation: that the factory was actually a house where two young guys used hand tools to shape each stick. The sticks made with hand tools were actually more consistent than the sticks being made in America in the late 1950s by the major drum companies. Ultimately, the hand-made quality is what led to the success of ProMark sticks.[31]

ProMark was the first company to introduce Japanese Shira-Kashi white oak into the American market and the only company to successfully market oak sticks in the US.

D'Addario acquired ProMark in 2011, and in 2021, the company introduced the ProMark and ProMarkClassic brands.

ProMark includes the rear-weighted, performance-driven Rebound and Finesse lines, in addition to ActiveGrip and FireGrain.

ProMark Classic represents the feel, look, and straight-ahead performance of ProMark’s golden era, paying homage to Brochstein’s legacy. These sticks are front-weighted and power-focused Forward and Attack lines.[32]

Every ProMark stick undergoes a proprietary multi-stage weight and pitch sorting process called ProMatch, which assures consistency both from stick to stick and from pair to pair.

Kiln-dried wooden dowels are sorted, separated, and batched together based on the model. Using precise methods, raw dowels are cut, shaped, lacquered, and treated, yielding fully-formed sticks. Finished sticks are matched by weight, adhering to the strictest possible tolerances. All sticks are matched according to their tuned pitch, averaging a difference of only 9 Hz within any model.[33]

ActiveGrip, which debuted in 2016, is a patented heat-activated grip coating. The black coating on the sticks gets tackier as the drummer's hands heat up and begin to sweat, essentially eliminating the need for conventional solutions.[34][35]

ProMark's FireGrain sticks, which debuted in 2017, are inspired by the devastating fire at D'Addario's previous sawmill in Prospect, Tennessee. While the blaze was a tragedy for the company in the short term, it led to the opening of a new 75,000-square-foot (7,000 m2) sawmill in Elkton, Tennessee. It was also the spark that ignited the idea for ProMark's new line of drumsticks.

Some early findings pointed to other industries using flame-tempering techniques to harden baseball bats and hammer and axe handles, as well as arrowheads. One in-depth search turned out an ancient Japanese wood hardening and preservation method that originated in the 1700s: Shou Sugi Ban. This method is still popular in the construction industry. Its benefits include enhanced durability, UV ray protection, improved longevity and the repelling of insects.

ProMark's proprietary and patented flame-tempering technique was developed by D'Addario's in-house engineering team. Each drumstick is individually passed through a flame tunnel and receives an exterior char. In addition to creating a unique aesthetic, the open flames crystalize trace amounts of tree sap resin that remains in each stick, which builds an "exterior armor". This delays denting, chipping and fraying, which ultimately prolongs the life of the drumstick.[36]

In 2020, ProMark released SPYR Mallets using a patented manufacturing system that ensures durability and consistency. All of the SPYR mallet heads are now injection molded in-house, and the nail that connected the shaft to the head has been replaced with an insert threaded inside the head.[37]

Woodwinds

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In 2004, Rico International and its parent company, The Rutland Group approached D'Addario to determine if the company had an interest in acquiring its woodwind instrument reed division.

Having been the North American Distributor for Vandoren since 1986, D'Addario invited the company to partner with them on a purchase, but Vandoren declined. D'Addario subsequently acquired Rico International in 2004.

The sale included Rico International's plantations in France and Argentina used to grow cane, which is then harvested, dried, sunned, processed into small sections, and ultimately machined into reeds.

With the acquisition, Jim D'Addario implemented sustainable plantation practices in the company's cane fields to develop digitally controlled diamond blades to make the final cut on the reeds.[38]

Orchestral

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In 1905, Ladislav Kaplan emigrated to the United States from Germany and opened a violin-making and repair shop in New York City. Kaplan soon moved the company to Connecticut, United States, where he began processing sheep gut for strings, eventually founding the Kaplan Musical String Company, makers of gut strings for harps and violin family instruments.

In 1981, D'Addario acquired the Kaplan Music String Company, and Jim D’Addario and his team retooled, retrofitted, automated and computerized the original Kaplamatic string winding machine designed by Otto Kaplan in 1949.

Jim and John D'Addario, Jr. were experts at manufacturing strings for fretted instruments, but making strings for bowed instruments required special expertise. They subsequently hired Norman Pickering, a prominent violist, luthier, and acoustic engineer, as a consultant to the bowed division.

Pickering and Jim began researching and developing multifilament twisted-steel core violin strings. D'Addario also began processing its own wires for bowed strings, introducing Prelude solid steel core strings in 1984.[39]

The next challenge D'Addario had to overcome was to develop a way to manufacture commercially available twisted steel cables. Suppliers at the time couldn’t produce spring-tempered high-carbon steel cables on machines meant to manufacture stranded copper wires for electrical conduction. The D'Addario team developed their own machines to manufacture their own stranded-wire cables for violin and viola strings and following ten years of research and development, D'Addario introduced Helicore in 1994.

In 2017, D'Addario introduced Ascenté, a new synthetic core violin set. According to The Violin Channel, they are designed to provide a wider tonal range, a more sophisticated palette, increased pitch stability, and increased longevity and durability.[40]

Notable D'Addario string artists

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Corporate social responsibility

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D'Addario Foundation

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In 1979, Jim and John D'Addario, Jr. working in conjunction with Jim's wife Janet D'Addario, established the D'Addario Foundation. D'Addario had created professional-quality classical guitar strings, but the company wanted to reach out to new artists who were struggling to make a living. The Foundation's first iterations were born from a desire to connect with those artists and support the development of their careers. It was known as the Debuts and Premieres Series.[56]

In 1981, the D'Addario Foundation for the Performing Arts established itself as a 501c3 non-profit and expanded beyond New York City to support other programs in different cities. Janet D’Addario was Executive Director of the Foundation until 1992.

In 1993, The D'Addario Foundation shifted its focus beyond the performance series with a grant process for classical performance initiatives as well as not-for-profit music education, particularly focusing on expanding music education to the underprivileged.

In 2004, The D'Addario Foundation broadened its mission to support non-profit music education programs in high-poverty communities led by the passionate vision of John D'Addario, Jr.

In 2007, The D'Addario Foundation expanded its support of independent arts organizations, bringing immersive music construction and mentoring where it did not exist.

On its 30th anniversary in 2011, The D'Addario Foundation introduced the next generation of the D'Addario Performance Series at Carnegie Hall Weill Recital Hall.

In 2014, The James D'Addario Family Foundation in partnership with the D'Addario Foundation and the Harmony Program launched its own free El Sistema instrument instruction program for children on Long Island, New York. Participants in the program attend an elementary school that has not had a string program in over 30 years and where 75 percent of the student body is on free or reduced lunch.

In 2016, The D'Addario Foundation established a board that to launch a fundraising arm to amplify the need to support music education and build a donor base that supports the expansion of these efforts.

In 2018, The Girls in Music Initiative was launched with the goal of providing girls with advanced learning opportunities, scholarships, and transformative musical experiences that foster personal and professional growth. The D’Addario Foundation’s goal was to promote music created by women and to foster new opportunities that would allow more young women to thrive in the music industry.

In 2019, The D'Addario Foundation's College Scholarship Fund was announced. Each year, 10 students receive scholarships to help with the costs of college.[57]

In 2022, D'Addario Foundation launched the Bridge Fund, focusing specifically on bridging the gap between access to extraordinary after-school and in-school music programs and the black community.[58]

Playback

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In 2016, D'Addario teamed up with TerraCycle, an international up-cycling and recycling company that re-purposes waste into new, materials and products, creating the Playback program. Playback is the world's leading string recycling program. Musical instrument strings are not recycled through municipal recycling programs and because of that, more than 1,500,000 pounds (680,000 kg) of instrument string metal ends up in landfills yearly. Playback’s goal is to facilitate 100 percent recycling and up-cycling of strings to minimize D'Addario's and the entire industry's impact.

Play. Plant. Preserve

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D'Addario/ProMark conducted research in 2011 that showed the musical instrument industry used 1,500 trees daily to produce drumsticks. In 2013, ProMark began partnering with the Tennessee Department of Agriculture to replant all those trees. Today, ProMark is planting approximately 85,000 trees each year, totaling 600,000 trees in Tennessee soil to date. In 2021, D'Addario planted 100 percent of the trees used to manufacture ProMark drumsticks, and maintains a goal to plant one million trees by 2024, ultimately leading to a net-neutral industry in 2043.[59][60]

References

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[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
D'Addario & Co., Inc. is a family-owned American manufacturer of strings and accessories, renowned as the world's largest producer of such products, with a heritage tracing back to 17th-century and formal founding in 1974. The company's origins stem from the D'Addario family's string-making tradition in , , dating to around 1680, when ancestors crafted gut strings for lutes and other instruments. In 1905, Carmine (Charles) D'Addario immigrated to the , establishing C. D'Addario & Son in the 1930s with his son John Sr., initially focusing on strings and expanding into fretted instrument strings during due to import shortages. By 1938, the family collaborated with John D'Angelico to develop standardized string specifications that became an industry benchmark. In 1974, brothers Jim and John D'Addario Jr., along with Jim's wife and their father John Sr., rebranded and relaunched the business as J. D'Addario & Company in New York, shifting emphasis to innovative guitar and bass strings while maintaining family control across generations—today led by CEO John D'Addario III and Chairman Jim D'Addario. The company operates a proprietary wire mill in , producing high-carbon steel and other materials, and has grown to supply billions of strings globally, earning endorsements from artists like for its consistent quality. D'Addario's product portfolio includes strings for electric and acoustic guitars, bass, orchestral instruments, , , and , as well as accessories like drumheads (via Evans), drumsticks (ProMark), and reeds (Rico), with a commitment to through eco-friendly packaging since 1992. Key innovations include acoustic strings in the 1970s, half-round bass strings in 1975, closed-loop servo winding in 1980, classical Pro-Arté strings in 1978, NYXL nickel-plated steel strings in 2014 for enhanced tuning stability, and premium coated strings in 2021 offering extended lifespan. Celebrating its 50th anniversary in , D'Addario continues to lead the market with advanced manufacturing that minimizes defects, even supplying wire to competitors, while navigating challenges like fluctuating sales.

History

Family origins and early years

The D'Addario family's tradition of string making originated in the in the small town of Salle, located in the region of , where local shepherds utilized sheep intestines to craft strings by hand. Historical records, including a 1680 baptismal entry, list Donato D'Addario as a "cordaro," or string maker, marking the earliest documented involvement of the family in this craft, which was facilitated by the abundance of livestock in the area. This artisanal practice, centered on processing natural gut materials, became a generational occupation for the D'Addarios, who honed their techniques over two centuries in Salle, a known hub for such production. In 1905, following a devastating that razed much of Salle, Charles D'Addario immigrated to the , settling in , New York, and initially imported violin strings produced by his family back in . By 1918, he established small-scale production in a garage workshop in Astoria, sourcing sheep gut from Manhattan slaughterhouses via subway and continuing the handmade methods from his homeland to supply local violin makers and musicians. This modest operation laid the groundwork for the family's American venture, focusing on gut-based strings for bowed instruments amid the growing immigrant musical community in New York. The early 20th century brought significant challenges, particularly during , when import embargoes disrupted the supply of raw materials from , compelling Charles to partner with relatives and shift to domestic production to sustain the business. These wartime restrictions on gut imports forced adaptations in sourcing and manufacturing, testing the family's resilience as they navigated material shortages while meeting demand from American orchestras and performers. In the and , the family began transitioning from traditional handmade gut strings to innovative metal-wound prototypes, driven by the rising popularity of guitars in and music. Charles's son, John D'Addario Sr., played a key role in this evolution, collaborating with John D'Angelico to develop standardized gauging for wound guitar strings, marking an early shift toward more durable, steel-enhanced designs that addressed the limitations of pure gut.

Formation of key companies

In the 1930s, John D'Addario Sr. joined his father in the family string-making business, leading to the renaming of the firm as C. D'Addario & Son in New York, where it initially focused on producing high-quality and strings using handmade techniques derived from the family's Italian heritage. The company operated from facilities in and later , emphasizing precision craftsmanship for orchestral and classical musicians amid the growing demand for reliable string products in the United States. Early operations involved importing materials when possible but shifting to domestic manufacturing due to post-World War I supply constraints, establishing a foundation for the family's commercial expansion into the American music market. Building on this base, the D'Addario family ventured into more affordable options for emerging musicians with the creation of Darco Music Strings in 1962, formed by John D'Addario Sr. and his son John Jr. as a to produce strings for fretted instruments like guitars. This entity, initially rooted in a 1956 split-off called Archaic Musical String Manufacturing Co., targeted the burgeoning electric and markets by offering cost-effective, mass-produced strings that maintained quality without the premium pricing of classical lines. Early operations relocated to , New York, where the company innovated in packaging and distribution to meet the needs of retail outlets and performers during the post-war music surge. Darco quickly became a key brand for entry-level players, reflecting the family's strategic shift toward broader accessibility in string manufacturing. By 1974, the family consolidated its efforts under J. D'Addario & Company, incorporated in , by brothers Jim and John D'Addario Jr., along with Jim's wife Janet, as the flagship operation dedicated to guitar strings and related accessories. This incorporation followed a period of collaboration with major clients like Fender and , marking a pivotal move to independent production after prior partnerships, and positioned the company in a dedicated wire mill facility to scale output for professional and amateur musicians alike. Initial focus centered on nickel-wound strings, leveraging automated processes to ensure consistency and durability, which helped establish D'Addario as a leader in the competitive fretted instrument segment. During the and boom, C. D'Addario & Son and its successors diversified into strings for and , capitalizing on the surge in popularity of traditional American instruments among folk revival artists and ensembles. This expansion involved developing specialized gauges and materials, such as windings for brighter tone and projection, to suit the rhythmic demands of bluegrass and folk genres, thereby broadening the company's product range beyond classical and guitar-focused lines. These early forays into strings not only supported the but also laid the groundwork for D'Addario's reputation in diverse fretted applications.

Acquisitions and expansion

In the , D'Addario began a strategic expansion through key acquisitions to diversify beyond strings into percussion and accessories. In 1995, the company acquired Evans Drumheads, a leading manufacturer of based in , which strengthened its position in the percussion market and integrated advanced drumhead production into its operations. Three years later, in 1998, D'Addario purchased , a Hicksville, New York-based producer of guitar cables, straps, and maintenance products, further broadening its accessory portfolio and enhancing distribution capabilities. The early 2000s marked D'Addario's most significant growth phase, with acquisitions targeting woodwind and practice products. In 2004, the company made its largest purchases to date by acquiring the Rico Reed Company in Sun Valley, , a major supplier of reeds and mouthpieces for woodwind instruments, and the HQ Percussion Company, known for practice pads and accessories, which expanded its reach into educational and professional percussion segments. These moves allowed D'Addario to enter new markets, combining Rico's expertise in reed technology with its existing string and drumhead lines to serve a wider array of musicians. By the late 2000s and early 2010s, D'Addario continued building its percussion dominance with the 2010 acquisition of ProMark Drumsticks, a Houston-based innovator in drumsticks and mallets founded in 1957, which complemented its Evans and HQ offerings and solidified its role as a one-stop provider for drummers. This acquisition integrated ProMark's and maple stick production, enhancing product variety and manufacturing efficiency. Paralleling these buys, D'Addario expanded geographically, establishing a presence in through D'Addario China in 2013 to tap into the growing Asian market for sales and distribution, while maintaining core production in the U.S. Domestically, the company scaled its U.S. operations significantly, growing from initial facilities in , to six plants by the early 2020s, including expansions in wire milling and accessory assembly that supported increased output without . These developments, rooted in the core string production established by J. D'Addario & Company, transformed the firm from a family string maker into a global leader in accessories, serving over 120 countries and emphasizing American manufacturing.

Modern operations and recent developments

In 2025, D'Addario & Company achieved annual sales of $235 million, establishing itself as one of the world's leading manufacturers of accessories. The company operates six factories in the United States, producing a wide range of strings and accessories that support its position as the largest manufacturer in the industry. During the , D'Addario repurposed its manufacturing facilities to produce , transforming Evans G2 drumheads into FDA-approved face shields for healthcare workers. By late 2020, the company had manufactured nearly 1.5 million face shields, primarily distributed to hospitals and healthcare equipment suppliers in New York. This initiative, supported by a $341,000 state grant, allowed D'Addario to double production capacity amid surging demand. To mark the 50th anniversary of J. D'Addario & Company in 2024, the firm hosted a series of events, including an "Evening of Legends" concert series hosted by Radio's John Schaefer, reviving a tradition from the established by founders Jim and D'Addario. Chairman Jim D'Addario reflected on the company's legacy in interviews, emphasizing its from roots to global leadership in musical accessories while highlighting ongoing commitments to innovation and quality. Special offerings included limited-edition string bundles and merchandise celebrating the milestone. Amid escalating U.S.- trade tensions in 2025, D'Addario implemented strategies to mitigate impacts on imported materials, including the establishment of a proprietary at one of its U.S. facilities to defer duties on components until final assembly. The company also rerouted shipments through alternative ports and suppliers, projecting a tripling of its expenses to $2.2 million that year while maintaining for consumers. These measures built on prior expansions, enabling resilient operations.

Products

Strings

D'Addario offers a wide range of guitar strings tailored to different playing styles and instrument types, utilizing specialized materials for optimal tone and durability. For electric guitars, the company produces nickel-plated wound strings, such as the popular XL series with gauges ranging from extra light (e.g., 9-42) to heavy (e.g., 12-56), providing bright articulation and long-lasting tone. strings feature wraps for warm, balanced sound, as seen in the EJ series, or 80/20 bronze for enhanced clarity and projection, available in gauges from extra light (10-47) to medium (13-56). strings include nickel-plated options like the XL Nickel series in long, medium, and short scales, with gauges such as 45-105 for , ensuring punchy lows and reliable intonation. Classical guitar strings from D'Addario, primarily under the Pro-Arté line, employ clear trebles and silver-plated copper-wound basses on multifilament cores, offering smooth playability and resonant projection in normal, hard, or extra-hard tensions. These formulations represent a key evolution from traditional gut strings, which were prone to inconsistencies in tone and tuning stability; the shift to , pioneered in the mid-20th century by innovators like Albert Augustine who introduced the first commercial sets in 1947 using DuPont material, enabled more consistent performance and affordability for classical players. For bowed instruments, D'Addario's orchestral strings cover , viola, and with diverse core materials to suit professional and student needs. Steel-core options like Helicore feature multi-stranded construction for quick response and clear tone, often with -silver windings on lower strings for depth. Synthetic-core lines such as Kaplan or Zyex provide gut-like warmth with superior stability against humidity changes, using perlon cores wrapped in silver or for the C and G strings on sets scaled to 4/4 or fractional sizes. Viola and sets follow similar constructions, with tensions from light to forte, emphasizing blend and projection in ensemble settings. D'Addario also provides custom string sets for niche fretted instruments, including phosphor bronze or nickel-plated steel for (e.g., 5-string medium gauge 10-30), (light 10-34 loops), and (Nyltech nylon in to scales). These sets prioritize genre-specific tension and resonance, such as lighter gauges for 's bright, percussive tone. Recent advancements in coating technologies, like those in and XT lines, extend string life without altering feel, though detailed innovations are explored elsewhere.

Percussion accessories

D'Addario's percussion accessories primarily derive from its acquisitions of Evans Drumheads in 1995 and ProMark in 2011, providing drummers with specialized drumheads, sticks, mallets, brushes, and supportive tools. These products emphasize durability, tonal control, and performance versatility across drum set, marching, and orchestral applications. The Evans drumheads lineup includes innovative series tailored for snare, bass, and tom drums, focusing on enhanced tension retention and resonance management. The Hydraulic series features oil-filled construction that delivers a fat, wet sound while improving durability under heavy play, suitable for snare, toms, and bass drums. The EMAD (Externally Mounted Adjustable ) series, designed specifically for bass drums, allows customizable to control and sustain, enabling players to adjust tension for focused attack or broader projection. For snare drums, the HD (Heavyweight Dry) series incorporates additional film layers and patches for increased durability and a dry, articulate tone with consistent tension response. ProMark offers a diverse range of drumsticks crafted from , , and woods, each providing distinct weight and balance characteristics to suit various playing styles. Hickory sticks, known for their durability and balanced rebound, include classic models like the 5A with a medium taper for versatile feel and a weight around 44 grams per pair. varieties are lighter and more flexible, ideal for speed, as seen in the TX series with long tapers that enhance rebound and reduce fatigue, typically weighing 38-40 grams. The Firegrain line uses flame-tempered for added strength without extra weight, featuring models like the 7A with acorn-shaped tips for brighter articulation and balanced specs similar to standard hickory. ProMark also produces mallets and brushes optimized for marching and orchestral percussion, expanding dynamic expression in ensemble settings. Marching mallets, such as the DCPM1 model, offer balance and responsive heads for precise control during field performances. Orchestral brushes and mallets, including telescopic wire brushes, provide adjustable spread for subtle sweeps and controlled volume, while mallet sets feature varied core materials like rubber or for tonal versatility across percussion ensembles. Supporting these core items, D'Addario's percussion accessories include drum key tools for precise tension adjustments on heads and hardware, ensuring stable tuning across setups. Mufflers and dampening products, such as gel-based or clip-on variants, are designed to reduce resonance and overtones on toms and bass drums, allowing customized sound control without altering fundamental pitch.

Instrument accessories

D'Addario produces a variety of instrument accessories under the Planet Waves brand, focusing on tools that support maintenance, tuning, and performance enhancement for fretted instruments like guitars, banjos, and ukuleles. These products emphasize durability, ease of use, and precision to help musicians maintain their instruments effectively. Capo designs from include the Ratchet Quick-Release Guitar Capo, which features an intuitive ratchet mechanism for smooth locking at any and a quick-release for easy repositioning, ensuring optimal without slippage or buzz. This model is suitable for both acoustic and electric guitars, providing clear tone across the neck. Other capos, such as the NS Artist Capo, incorporate self-centering yokes and adjustable tension for banjos and guitars, allowing rapid key changes during performance. Straps under Planet Waves are available in leather, nylon, and synthetic materials, designed for comfort and security during extended play. For instance, the Signature Collection straps feature hand-drawn artwork and adjustable lengths up to 60 inches, while the Collection offers themed designs with padded shoulders for reduced fatigue on fretted instruments. Tuners include the Headstock Clip-on Tuner, which uses a dual-swivel mount for versatile viewing angles and a multi-color display for accurate pitch detection within ±0.5 cents, ideal for guitars and ukuleles. The Micro Headstock Tuner provides a compact full-color screen with four selectable angles and 360-degree rotation for precise tuning in low-light conditions. Humidifiers, such as the Two-Way Humidification System (Humidipak), maintain 45-50% relative humidity automatically without refills, preventing wood cracks in acoustic instruments by absorbing or releasing moisture as needed. Planet Waves cable and connector lines feature low-noise shielding to minimize interference and preserve signal integrity, with the American Stage Series offering straight-to-straight 1/4-inch instrument cables in lengths from 10 to 20 feet, engineered for tone clarity and reliability. Coiled variants provide a warmer tone due to higher , suitable for dynamic performances. General care products encompass the Pro-Winder, a multifunctional tool with an ergonomic peg winder, cutter, and bridge pin puller that fits most guitars, banjos, and mandolins for efficient restringing. Picks are crafted from materials like in light to extra heavy gauges, with standard shapes for traditional feel and tonal warmth, available in multi-color packs for varied grip and sound. The Fret Polishing System includes five reusable polishing sheets to restore shine and smoothness to frets, improving playability and reducing wear on . Planet Waves, acquired by D'Addario in 1998, forms the core of these accessory offerings (detailed in the Fretted instrument brands section).

Orchestral and woodwind products

D'Addario's woodwind product line centers on reeds manufactured under the Rico brand, which the company acquired in 2004 to expand its offerings for , , and double-reed instruments like the . Rico reeds are available in cane varieties with strength gradings ranging from 1 (softest) to 5 (hardest), allowing players to select based on and playing style; for example, softer strengths like 1.5 or 2 suit beginners for easier response, while harder ones like 4 or 5 provide greater projection for professionals. These reeds come in filed and unfiled options, where filed reeds feature a scraped underside for immediate playability and brighter tone, whereas unfiled versions offer a more traditional, darker sound that develops with use. Complementing the core string products for violin-family instruments, D'Addario extends its orchestral accessories to include specialized items like endpin anchors designed for and , which feature a non-slip rubber base to secure the instrument on floors while preventing scratches. These anchors support the weight of larger orchestral instruments, ensuring stability during performance or practice. For woodwind maintenance, D'Addario provides and corks through its accessory range, including pad guards that absorb moisture to preserve key and cork grease to lubricate tenon joints and prevent cracking. While traditional cork offers flexibility and authenticity, synthetic alternatives in the grease formulations provide longer-lasting lubrication without drying out, catering to players seeking durable options in varying climates. D'Addario also offers targeted accessories for and , such as antimicrobial swabs that clean the interior without residue or odor, and protective cases for reeds used in these instruments. The double-reed storage cases, for instance, hold up to five or reeds with humidity control to prevent warping, while silk swabs ensure thorough drying for and post-use.

Brands

Fretted instrument brands

D'Addario stands as the flagship for premium strings tailored to guitars and basses, renowned for its commitment to superior tone, durability, and playability across electric, acoustic, and bass instruments. The NYXL series exemplifies this focus, utilizing a high-carbon NYXL that delivers up to 50% greater break strength than standard nickel-plated strings, along with up to 131% greater tuning stability and a pronounced frequency response for cutting through mixes during live performances or recordings. Complementing the core string offerings, Darco provides economical alternatives for entry-level and high-volume users, emphasizing consistent quality without premium pricing to support beginners building foundational skills or educators stocking classrooms affordably. These strings maintain reliable intonation and balanced tone suitable for practice sessions, making them a practical choice for students and casual players seeking value-driven options. Planet Waves specializes in innovative accessories for fretted instruments, prioritizing ergonomic design to enhance musician comfort and reliability on stage or in the studio. Notable products include adjustable capos with tri-action tension systems for precise intonation across the fretboard and American Stage instrument cables engineered with ultra-low for over long runs, reducing while preserving the instrument's natural dynamics.

Percussion brands

D'Addario's percussion portfolio centers on two key brands: Evans for drumheads and ProMark for sticks and mallets. Acquired in , Evans has become a cornerstone of the company's offerings, renowned for its innovative designs that enhance tuning stability and tonal consistency across various drumming styles. Evans incorporate Level 360 technology, a proprietary collar design that ensures the playing surface sits perfectly level around the entire 360 degrees of the hoop, promoting easier tuning, maximum sustain, and compatibility with both modern and vintage . This advancement allows drummers to achieve even tension without overhang issues, reducing unwanted overtones and improving overall response, particularly on snare and tom . Popular series like the G series and EC series utilize this technology to deliver balanced attack and projection, making them suitable for rock, , and marching applications. Complementing Evans, ProMark—acquired by D'Addario in 2011—specializes in drumsticks and mallets crafted from and , emphasizing durability and playability for diverse genres. The Rebound 5A series, a flagship line, features a rear-weighted balance with an tip and elongated taper, providing agility and rebound ideal for and rock drumming where quick wrist action and precise articulation are essential. These sticks, measuring 16 inches in length with a .565-inch , offer a versatile feel that supports without fatigue, and variants like the ActiveGrip version add moisture-resistant coating for enhanced control during intense performances. ProMark also produces mallets for orchestral and , expanding the brand's utility in ensemble settings.

Specialty and orchestral brands

Rico, a key brand within D'Addario's woodwind division, specializes in reeds for saxophones and clarinets, offering both traditional cane varieties and synthetic options to suit diverse playing styles and preferences. Crafted with a focus on consistent response and durability, Rico's cane reeds feature a filed cut for easier playability, making them ideal for students and educators, while synthetic lines like Reserve provide weather-resistant performance for professional use. The Helicore line includes hybrid sets for , featuring a multi-stranded core wrapped in for a warm, focused tone with excellent bow response and pizzicato clarity, bridging and playing styles. In the orchestral realm, D'Addario's Kaplan brand provides premium strings tailored for professional violinists and other string players, featuring stranded cores that yield a complex, warm tone with exceptional bow response and projection across dynamic ranges. Influenced by the demands of classical , Kaplan sets draw from traditions exemplified by Pirastro's gut-based innovations, offering synthetic and alternatives that balance power and nuance for concert halls and studios.

Innovations

String manufacturing advancements

D'Addario's advancements in string manufacturing have centered on enhancing material durability, consistency, and performance through innovative alloys, coatings, and production techniques. During the , D'Addario introduced precision winding machines that revolutionized gauge control and winding consistency, enabling the production of strings with unprecedented accuracy in and tension balance. These machines supported breakthroughs like the acoustic strings, ensuring minimal variations across batches and improving overall string reliability. In the 2000s, D'Addario developed coated strings such as the EXP series, featuring a patented applied to the wrap wire before winding to protect against and extend lifespan while preserving natural tone and feel. Building on this, the XS series, launched in 2021, advanced the technology with an ultra-thin protective film on all strings, providing enhanced resistance, tuning stability, and up to five times longer than uncoated equivalents. In 2022, the XS line expanded to strings with a reformulated nickel-plated steel wrap wire for enhanced brightness and protection. A significant came in 2014 with the NYXL , a high-carbon formulation that delivers up to 131% greater tuning stability and extended tone life compared to standard nickel-plated strings, achieved through a wire-drawing process that enhances break strength. This has become integral to D'Addario's premium offerings, including base string products for electric and acoustic guitars.

Product design breakthroughs

D'Addario's Evans brand introduced the HD Dry in the 2000s, featuring a pioneering venting system designed to enhance control over drum tones. The system incorporates precision-drilled vents around the perimeter of the head, which eliminate stray while balancing and sonic response. This provides a semi-defined attack with short sustain and reduced brightness compared to standard heavy-duty heads, allowing drummers to achieve focused, punchy sounds without excessive ringing. Constructed with a 5mil outer ply, 7.5mil inner ply, and a 2mil overtone control ring, the coated design extends head life under heavy play. In the , ProMark advanced drumstick construction through its FireGrain , a patented heat-tempering process applied to and wood. This treatment increases the wood's density and overall durability, enabling players to strike harder and longer without splintering or losing performance integrity. Unlike traditional untreated sticks, FireGrain maintains the original weight, balance, and feel, reducing hand fatigue during extended sessions while preserving natural rebound and response. The process transforms standard wood into a more resilient material suitable for demanding genres like rock and metal. Planet Waves cables, under D'Addario, incorporate advanced shielding and flexible jacketing materials to minimize noise and ensure long-term reliability. Dual shielding with conductors provides 100% coverage for superior insulation, rejecting interference and delivering pristine signal transparency even in high-gain setups. The braided exterior on select models prevents kinking and abrasion, enhancing longevity on stage or in studios, while low-capacitance designs preserve tonal clarity without capacitance-induced warmth or loss. These features make the cables a staple for professional touring and recording. D'Addario's synthetic reeds, launched in the , represent a breakthrough in woodwind accessories by blending fibers, , and natural cane elements to replicate the response of traditional cane reeds without common drawbacks. Unlike moisture-sensitive cane, VENN reeds offer consistent performance and extended durability, resisting warping or degradation in varying . They produce a warm, natural tone with cane-like articulation and resistance, available for in strengths that suit classical to players, signaling a shift toward reliable, low-maintenance alternatives.

Notable artists

String instrument endorsers

Prominent guitarists such as Eric Johnson and have endorsed D'Addario strings for their reliability in professional settings. Eric Johnson, a Grammy-winning artist known for his intricate live performances, has relied on D'Addario products since 2016, praising their consistent tone and playability that maintain clarity during extended tours. Similarly, , a jazz virtuoso and Grammy nominee, uses D'Addario NYXL strings, noting their enhanced tuning stability and tonal consistency, which allow for precise expression in both studio recordings and live improvisations. Bassists including and incorporate D'Addario strings into their rigs for demanding applications. , a rising bass phenom whose dynamic style blends and pop, equips every bass she owns with D'Addario nickel-wound sets, crediting them for delivering a solid low-end foundation that supports her energetic live shows. , a heavy metal legend with bands like and Testament, endorses D'Addario for their durability under aggressive playing, using NYXL bass strings to achieve punchy tone and extended longevity during rigorous touring schedules. Classical guitarists like Andrea De Vitis and Alí Arango favor D'Addario's offerings for work. Andrea De Vitis, an Italian virtuoso and prizewinner at major competitions, performs with Pro-Arte strings, appreciating their balanced tension and clear articulation that enhance the nuanced phrasing in from Bach to modern composers during international recitals. Alí Arango, a Cuban-born artist blending classical traditions with Latin influences, relies on these strings for their smooth feel and sustained resonance in solo and ensemble settings. D'Addario's endorsement deals typically provide artists with discounted or complimentary strings in exchange for promotional support, such as featuring the brand in interviews and , fostering long-term partnerships based on genuine product use. Artists often highlight the strings' in feedback, with NYXL lines noted for up to 131% greater tuning stability and resistance to breakage during high-intensity tours, ensuring reliable without frequent changes. This focus on endurance has made D'Addario a preferred choice for musicians navigating the rigors of global travel and nightly gigs.

Percussion and other endorsers

Prominent drummers such as and have endorsed D'Addario's percussion products, including Evans drumheads and ProMark sticks, for their reliability in both recording sessions and live performances. Lombardo, known as the "Godfather of Double-Bass" from bands like , relies on Evans drumheads to achieve the aggressive tone essential to his style, while ProMark sticks provide the precision needed during high-energy shows. Similarly, Casagrande, a drumming prodigy and current Slipknot member, uses Evans heads for their durability under intense dynamics and ProMark sticks for consistent rebound and control in studio recordings and arena tours. In the woodwind category, saxophonist Mark Nuccio endorses Rico reeds from D'Addario for their balanced response and rich tone, which enhance and melodic phrasing on and saxophones. Nuccio's preference for Rico reeds stems from their ease of playability and consistent projection, making them ideal for professional recordings and live ensembles. Orchestral percussionists endorse ProMark mallets for their versatility in symphony settings. These mallets are utilized to produce nuanced articulations across and keyboard instruments, praised for their craftsmanship enabling expressive performances in classical repertoire. D'Addario's broader collaborations extend to partnerships with guitar manufacturers, such as the ongoing alliance with , where XS coated strings are integrated into Taylor's acoustic models for extended lifespan and enhanced tuning stability as of 2023. This , which continues into 2025, focuses on coated strings that maintain bright tone while resisting in professional and touring environments.

Corporate social responsibility

Philanthropic foundation

The D'Addario Foundation was founded in 1979 by members of the D'Addario family, including Jim D'Addario, John D'Addario Jr., and Janet D'Addario, initially to support performances and emerging musicians. It was officially established as a 501(c)(3) in 1981, broadening its scope over the decades to prioritize as a tool for social development and . By the , the foundation shifted toward granting support for nonprofit music programs, and in 2014, it launched initiatives like the Free El Sistema instrument program to address access barriers in high-poverty areas. The foundation's core mission is to enhance access to high-quality by providing monetary grants, in-kind product donations, and resources to sustain robust instructional programs, with a strong emphasis on underserved communities where at least 75% of students qualify for free or reduced lunch. It awards support to over 200 nonprofits annually across 38 U.S. states and multiple countries, focusing on programs offering immersive instruction—minimum 2 to 4 hours weekly per student—alongside and holistic services to foster academic and personal growth. In the 2022-2023 , grants totaled $831,750, including $651,000 in cash and $180,750 in products, reaching more than 200,000 students through 220 partners. In 2025, the foundation continued its efforts, awarding $169,400 in monetary funding and $62,800 in in-kind donations in Cycle 1 to 99 music programs (77% renewals, 23% new), and $141,100 in cash with $52,200 in-kind in Cycle 2. Central to its efforts are instrument donation drives targeting low-income , which restore and distribute musical instruments to under-resourced schools and programs. Through partnerships with organizations like Hungry for Music, the foundation has coordinated large-scale collections, such as one in 2023 that yielded over 3,500 band and instruments from a major retail closure, alongside ongoing drives in cities like , , and New Orleans to ensure equitable access to -making opportunities. These initiatives underscore the foundation's commitment to long-term sustainability in education for marginalized groups, including Black communities and girls via targeted funds like the Bridge Fund and Girls in program.

Environmental and community initiatives

D'Addario has implemented several environmental initiatives focused on in its manufacturing processes and . The company pioneered eco-friendly innovations, reducing traditional by 75% and saving over 7 million pounds of through the use of sealed, corrosion-resistant bags and color-coded ends that minimize excess materials. These changes incorporate recyclable for outer wraps on single- packs, aligning with broader efforts to lower the environmental footprint of product distribution. A key component of D'Addario's efforts is the Play. Plant. Preserve. program, launched in by its ProMark drumstick division in partnership with the Tennessee Division of Forestry. This initiative plants trees in family-owned forests, with a goal of five seedlings for every tree harvested for drumstick production, achieving over 600,000 trees planted as of 2021 and reaching net-neutral replacement of all trees used since ProMark's founding in 1957 by 2021. The program expanded its ambitions in the early , targeting one million trees by 2024 as part of a long-term commitment to full replenishment by 2043; as of November 2025, progress toward the one million goal continues, though specific updated totals are not publicly available. To address waste from used instrument strings, D'Addario introduced the Playback recycling program in 2016 in collaboration with , enabling musicians to send in any brand of guitar, bass, or orchestral strings for free . Metal strings are smelted into new metal products, while strings are repurposed into items like art installations and jewelry, diverting over 5 million strings from landfills and reducing waste across the industry. On the community front, D'Addario promotes instrument maintenance and education through events like World String Change Day, an annual observance launched in 2022 held on June 6. This initiative encourages guitarists to replace worn strings for optimal performance, offering free string changes and sets at partner retailers while raising awareness about sustainable playing habits.

References

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