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Google Workspace
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| Google Workspace | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Developer | |||||||
| Initial release | February 2006 (as "Google Apps for Your Domain") | ||||||
| Stable release |
| ||||||
| Type | Online office suite | ||||||
| License | Trialware (Retail, volume licensing) | ||||||
| Website | workspace | ||||||
Google Workspace (formerly G Suite, formerly Google Apps) is a collection of cloud computing, productivity and collaboration tools, software and products developed and marketed by Google. It consists of Gmail, Contacts, Calendar, Meet and Chat for communication; Drive for storage; and the Google Docs Editors suite for content creation. An Admin Panel is provided for managing users and services.[5][6] Depending on edition Google Workspace may also include the digital interactive whiteboard Jamboard and an option to purchase add-ons such as the telephony service Voice.
The education edition adds a learning platform Google Classroom and today has the name Workspace for Education.[7] It previously included Google Currents for employee engagement.
While most of these services are individually available at no cost to consumers who use their free Google (Gmail) accounts, Google Workspace adds enterprise features such as custom email addresses at a domain (e.g. @your), an option for unlimited Drive storage, administrative tools and advanced settings, as well as 24/7 phone and email support.[6]
The suite was first launched in February 2006 as Gmail for Your Domain, before being expanded into Google Apps for Your Domain in the same year,[8] later rebranded as G Suite in 2016, then rebranded again in 2020 as Google Workspace.[9]
As of October 2021, Google Workspace had 9 million paying businesses.[10] The number of Education users in Google Workspace surpassed 170 million.[11][12]
History
[edit]


From February 10, 2006, Google started testing a version of the service at San Jose City College, hosting Gmail accounts with SJCC domain addresses and admin tools for account management.[13] On August 28, 2006, Google launched Google Apps for Your Domain, a set of apps for organizations. Available for free as a beta service, it included Gmail, Talk, Calendar, and the Page Creator, which was later replaced with Sites. Dave Girouard, then Google's vice president and general manager for enterprise, outlined its benefits for business customers: "Organizations can let Google be the experts in delivering high quality email, messaging, and other web-based services while they focus on the needs of their users and their day-to-day business".[8] Google announced an edition for schools, then known as Google Apps for Education, on October 10, 2006.[14]
On February 22, 2007, Google introduced Google Apps Premier Edition, which differed from the free version by offering more storage (10 GB per user), APIs for business integration, 99.9% uptime for Gmail, and 24/7 phone support. It cost $50 per user account per year. According to Google, early adopters of Google Apps Premier Edition included Procter & Gamble, San Francisco Bay Pediatrics, and Salesforce. Additionally, all editions of Google Apps were then able to use Documents and Spreadsheets, users could access Gmail on BlackBerry mobile devices, and administrators gained more application control.[15] Further enhancements came, on June 25, 2007, when Google added a number of features to Google Apps, including mail migration from external IMAP servers, shared address books, a visual overhaul of Google Docs and Google Sheets, and increased Gmail attachment size.[16] A ZDNet article noted that Google Apps now offered a tool for switching from the popular Exchange Server and Domino, positioning Google as an alternative to Microsoft and IBM.[17] On October 3, 2007, a month after acquiring Postini, Google announced that the startup's email security and compliance options had been added to Google Apps Premier Edition. Customers now had the ability to better configure their spam and virus filtering, implement retention policies, restore deleted messages, and give administrators access to all emails.[18]
Google introduced Sites on February 28, 2008. Google Sites provided a simple new Google Apps tool for creating intranets and team websites.[19]
On June 9, 2009, Google launched Google Apps Sync for Outlook, a plugin that allows customers to synchronize their email, calendar, and contacts data between Outlook and Google Apps.[20] Less than a month later, on July 7, 2009, Google announced that the services included in Google Apps—Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Docs, and Google Talk—were out of beta.[21]
Google opened the Workspace Marketplace, on March 9, 2010, which is an online store for third-party business applications that integrate with Google Apps, to make it easier for users and software to do business in the cloud. Participating vendors included Intuit, Appirio, and Atlassian.[22] On July 26, 2010, Google introduced an edition for governments, then-known as Google Apps for Government, which was designed to meet the public sector's unique policy and security needs. It was also announced that Google Apps had become the first suite of cloud applications to receive Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) certification and accreditation.[23]
Nearly five years after the launch of Google Apps, on April 26, 2011, Google announced that organizations with more than 10 users were no longer eligible for the free edition of Google Apps. They would have to sign up for the paid version, now known as Google Apps for Business. A flexible billing plan was also introduced, giving customers the option of paying $5 per user per month with no contractual commitment.[24]
On March 28, 2012, Google launched Google Vault, an optional electronic discovery and archiving service for Google Apps for Business customers.[25] And then, on April 24, 2012, Google introduced Google Drive, a platform for storing and sharing files. Each Google Apps for Business user was given 5GB of Drive storage, with the option to purchase more.[26] Later that year, Google announced that the free version of Google Apps would no longer be available to new customers.[27]
Google unified the storage between Drive and Gmail, on May 13, 2013, giving Google Apps customers 30GB total that are shared across the apps.[28]
On March 10, 2014, Google launched the Google Apps Referral Program, which offers participating individuals a $15 referral bonus for each new Google Apps user they refer.[29] Google, on June 25, 2014, announced Drive for Work, a new Google Apps offering featuring unlimited file storage, advanced audit reporting, and new security controls for $10 per user per month.[30]
Google Enterprise, the company's business product division, was officially renamed Google for Work on September 2, 2014. Eric Schmidt, then Google's executive chairman said, "we never set out to create a traditional 'enterprise' business—we wanted to create a new way of doing work (...) so the time has come for our name to catch up with our ambition".[31]
Google announced that Google Apps would be rebranded as G Suite on September 29, 2016.[32] Then, on October 25, 2016, Google launched the first hardware product for G Suite, the Jamboard; a 55-inch digital whiteboard connected to the cloud.[33]
Google announced that G Suite would be rebranded as Google Workspace on October 6, 2020,[34] and that Workspace would emphasize increased integration between the apps, such as the ability to create Docs from within Chats, or start a Meet call from within a presentation.[35] As part of the rebranding, the iconic logos for Gmail, Google Drive, Google Docs, Google Calendar, Google Meet, and other products in Google Workspace were changed. These new logos corresponded to the similar changes which happened in Maps and Photos.[36][37] The logo redesigns were met with mixed reactions by end users.[38][39]
On June 14, 2021, Google announced that Google Workspace would be available to consumers with an account, along with the ability for users to fully switch from Hangouts to Chat, the rebranding of the "Rooms" feature in Gmail to "Spaces", a new "Google Workspace Individual" tier, a progressive web app for Workspace applications, and more.[40][41]
On January 19, 2022, Google announced any "G Suite legacy free edition" accounts must be upgraded to a paid tier by May 1, 2022, or the account will be automatically upgraded. If a user does not manually upgrade to a paid tier and if no payment information is entered in the account admin page, the account will be suspended starting July 1, 2022. The free tier of accounts were available for users to sign up for from 2007 until 2012 at which point they were changed to a legacy status. This will not affect access to other Google Services, including YouTube, Google Photos, and Google Play, nor paid content, including YouTube and Play Store purchases.[42] On May 17, 2022, Google announced they would offer "G Suite legacy free edition" accounts the option to self-identify they are using these accounts for non-business use. This would then give them the chance to keep using this service for "Free".[43] They did say that business features might be removed at a later date, without giving indication what those features might be.
In March 2023, Google brought generative AI capabilities to Google Workspace (initially to a limited set of trusted testers).[44]
Products
[edit]Google Workspace comprises Gmail, Chat, Meet, Calendar, Drive for storage; Docs, Sheets, Slides, Forms, Keep for notes, Sites for collaboration, Apps Script for building low-code/no-code business applications; and an Admin panel and Vault for managing users and the services.[5]
Optional add-ons include Google Voice, AppSheet and Meet hardware.
All Workspace Business and Enterprise plans include access to Gemini for Workspace without the need to purchase an additional add-on.[45]
The Starter plan includes email addresses with custom domains (@yourcompany.com), video and voice calls, calendars, 30GB storage, collaborative documents, spreadsheets, presentations, and sites, controls for security and privacy, and 24/7 phone and email support. The Business Plus plan enables many additional custom features, including advanced admin controls for Drive, 5TB storage on Drive, audit and reporting insights for Drive content and sharing, custom message retention policies, and more.[6] Enterprise-level customers receive S/MIME encryption, noise cancellation in Meet, and as much storage as they need.[46]
Gmail
[edit]Gmail is a web-based email service, launched in a limited beta release on April 1, 2004.[47] With over 1 billion active consumer users worldwide in February 2016,[48] it has become popular for giving users large amounts of storage space,[49] and for having threaded conversations and robust search capabilities.[50][51]
As part of Google Workspace, Gmail comes with additional features designed for business use, including:[52]
- Email addresses with the customer's domain name (@yourcompany.com)
- 99.9% guaranteed uptime with zero scheduled downtime for maintenance[53]
- 30GB of storage space
- 24/7 phone and email support
- Synchronization compatibility with Microsoft Outlook and other email providers
- Support for add-ons that integrate third-party apps purchased from the Google Workspace Marketplace with Gmail[54][55][56]
Google Drive
[edit]Google Drive is a file storage and synchronization service, launched on April 24, 2012. The official announcement described Drive as "a place where you can create, share, collaborate, and keep all of your stuff".[57]
With Google Drive, users can upload any type of file to the cloud, share them with others, and access them from any computer, tablet, or smartphone. Users can sync files between their device and the cloud with apps for Microsoft Windows and Apple macOS computers, and Android and iOS smartphones and tablets.
As part of Google Workspace, Google Drive comes with additional features designed for business use, including:[6][58]
- Either 30GB, 2TB, 5TB per user, or unlimited storage, depending on the plan
- Advanced admin controls, depending on the plan
- Audit and reporting insights for Drive content and sharing, depending on the plan
Google Docs, Sheets and Slides
[edit]Google Docs, Google Sheets and Google Slides are a word processor, a spreadsheet and a presentation program respectively. The three programs originate from company acquisitions in 2006,[59][60][61] and are today integrated into Google Drive as part of the Google Docs suite. They all serve as collaborative software that allow users to view and edit documents, spreadsheets and presentations together in real-time through a web browser or mobile device. Changes are saved automatically, with a revision history keeping track of changes.[62] There is also the capability to set user permission levels to designate who can view, comment or edit the document as well as permissions to download the specific document. Google Forms, meanwhile, is a tool that allows collecting information from users via a personalized survey or quiz. The information is then collected and automatically connected to a spreadsheet. The spreadsheet is populated with the survey and quiz responses.[63]
In June 2014, Google introduced Office support in Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides without the need for file conversion.[64] Writing for TechCrunch, Frederic Lardinois wrote that "Google is clearly positioning its apps as a more affordable solutions for companies that need to occasionally edit Office files".[65]
As part of Google Workspace, Google Docs and Slides come with additional features designed for business use, including unlimited revision history.[66][67] Google Workspace also has garnered a strong following in education, with over 70 million users by 2017.[68][69]
Google Forms
[edit]Google Forms is a survey application.[70] Forms features all of the collaboration and sharing features found in Docs, Sheets, and Slides.[71] It can also be used to create quizzes, including some specialized functions that are of use in educational settings.
Google Sites
[edit]Google Sites is a creation tool that allows multiple people to create and edit websites, without requiring coding knowledge or other web design skills. It was introduced in February 2008 in an effort to help customers "quickly gather a variety of information in one place – including videos, calendars, presentations, attachments, and text – and easily share it for viewing or editing with a small group, their entire organization, or the world."[19]
Google Vids
[edit]Google Vids is a tool to make demonstrative videos for workplaces and other types of videos. Users can create their own videos from scratch or prompt Google's Gemini AI model to generate a first draft.[72]
Google Calendar
[edit]Google Calendar is an online calendar intended to help keep track of time and schedules. It was launched in April 2006, and integrates with Gmail for users to easily add events from email messages directly to the calendar.[73]
As part of Google Workspace, Google Calendar comes with additional features designed for business use, including:[74]
- Smart scheduling of meetings, where the service finds available times and appropriate locations based on coworkers' schedules
- Public calendars for consumers to see a business's upcoming events
- Calendar integration with Google Sites
- Easy migration from Exchange, Outlook or iCal, or from .ics and .csv files
- Ability to see what meeting rooms and shared resources are available
Google Tasks
[edit]Google Tasks lets users capture and manage to-dos anywhere in Google Workspace or using iOS and Android apps. It began as a feature of Gmail and Calendar before launching as a standalone app in June 2018.[75] It integrates directly with Google Calendar, and tasks can be created from emails in Gmail.
Google Chat
[edit]Google Chat is a communication software developed by Google built for teams that provides direct messages and team chat rooms, similar to competitors Slack and Microsoft Teams, along with a group messaging function that allows G Drive content sharing (Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Slides).
It is one of two apps that constitute the replacement for Google Hangouts, the other being Google Meet. Although Google Hangouts remained part of Google Workspace, Google shut down Google Hangouts on November 1, 2022, and has since migrated all its users to Google Chat.[76]
Google Meet
[edit]Google Meet is a standards-based Video Conferencing application, using proprietary protocols for video, audio and data transcoding. Google has partnered with Pexip to provide interoperability between the Google protocol and standards-based SIP/H.323 protocols to enable communications between Hangouts Meet and other Video Conferencing equipment and software.[77]
Google Currents
[edit]Google Currents was a software application developed by Google for internal enterprise communication. Currents is a modified successor of Google+, which was shut down for consumers and brands on April 2, 2019.[78][79]
As part of Google Workspace, Google Currents comes with additional features designed for business use, including enhanced privacy controls and restricted communities.[80][81]
Google announced shutting down Google Currents on July 5, 2023, for business and education. Some content could be migrated to Google Chat.[82]
Google Keep
[edit]Google Keep is a note-taking service with a variety of tools for notes, including text, lists, voice, and images.[83]
Google Keep became part of Google Workspace in February 2017, and as part of Google Workspace, Google Keep comes with additional features designed for business use, including integration with Google Docs to easily access Keep notes while on Docs on the web.[84][85]
Google Vault
[edit]Google Vault, an archiving and electronic discovery service exclusively available to Google Workspace customers, was announced on March 28, 2012.[25]
Vault gives users "an easy-to-use and cost-effective solution for managing information critical to your business and preserving important data", with Google stating that it can "reduce the costs of Lawsuit, regulatory investigation and compliance actions" by saving and managing Gmail messages and chat logs with the ability to search and manage data based on filters, such as terms, dates, senders, recipients, and labels.[25][86][87]
An update in June 2014 let Vault customers search, preview, copy, and export files in Google Drive.[88]
Jamboard
[edit]In October 2016, Google announced Jamboard, the first hardware product designed for Google Workspace. Jamboard is a digital interactive whiteboard that enables collaborative meetings and brainstorming. The Jamboard is connected to the cloud, and enables people in different locations to work together in real-time through multiple Jamboards or connected remotely through a smartphone companion app. The Jamboard recognizes different touch inputs, such as using a stylus to sketch or eraser to start over, and does not require batteries or pairing. The Jamboard is a 55-inch 4K display with a built-in HD camera, speakers and Wi-Fi.[33][89]
In October 2023, Google announced that Jamboard would be sunsetted at the end of 2024 as Google works to integrate third-party whiteboard tools including Figjam by Figma, Miro, and Lucidspark.
Google Workspace Marketplace
[edit]Google Workspace Marketplace (formerly Google Apps Marketplace and then G Suite Marketplace), launched in 2010,[90][91] is an online store with business-oriented cloud applications that augment G Suite functionality. The Marketplace lets administrators browse for, purchase, and deploy integrated cloud applications.[92] It comprises the Business Tools, Productivity, Education, Communication, and Utilities categories.[93]
In September 2014, Google released a blog post saying that employees would be able to install third-party apps from the Marketplace without involving administrators.[94]
Other functionality
[edit]Introduced in February 2017, Google Cloud Search enables a "unified search experience" in Google Workspace. Cloud Search lets users search for information across the entire G Suite product lineup. Users can also search for contacts, with results including the person's contact details, as well as events and files in common. The Cloud Search mobile app features "assist cards", described by Google as "a new way to help you find the right information at the right time. Using Google's machine intelligence technology, these cards can help you prepare for an upcoming meeting or even suggest files that need your attention". Google states that Cloud Search respects file-sharing permissions, meaning that users will only see results for files they have access to. The initial global roll-out of Cloud Search introduced the functionality for G Suite Business and Enterprise customers, with Google stating that more functionality will be added over time, including support for third-party applications.[95][96]
Introduced in July 2017, Hire by Google was a job applications and management tool developed by Google to be used in combination with G Suite. The tool lets employers track job candidates' contact information, as well as résumés, calendar invitations, and allows for business partners to share feedback on candidates. Job applicants can choose what information to share with potential employers. The tool is designed for businesses based in the United States with fewer than 1,000 employees,[97] and integrates with Google services, such as Gmail for sending messages, Google Calendar for tracking schedules, Google Sheets for overview of all candidates, and Google Hangouts for initial conversations.[98] Google introduced Work Insights in September 2018 for administrators to see how departments are using Google products.[99] In August 2019, Google announced that it would be shutting down Hire in September 2020, instead choosing to focus on "other products in the Google Cloud portfolio".[100]
Security and privacy
[edit]Google states that "we do not collect, scan or use your G Suite data for advertising purposes and do not display ads in G Suite, Education, or Government core services". Furthermore, it states that "the data that companies, schools and government agencies put into our G Suite services does not belong to Google. Whether it's corporate intellectual property, personal information or a homework assignment, Google does not own that data and Google does not sell that data to third parties."[101]
Data is stored in Google's data centers, which are "built with custom-designed servers, that run our own operating system for security and performance", with "more than 550 full-time security and privacy professionals".[101] In a blog post, Google stated that benefits of using G Suite included "disaster recovery", with data and information "simultaneously replicated in two data centers at once, so that if one data center fails, we nearly instantly transfer your data over to the other one that's also been reflecting your actions." Though acknowledging that "no backup solution from us or anyone else is absolutely perfect", Google states that it has "invested a lot of effort to help make it second to none".[102]
Encryption, specifically AES 128-bit or stronger, is applied to data while stored at data centers, under transit between data centers and users, and between data centers.[101]
At its introduction in June 2014, TechCrunch reported that Google Drive, as part of G Suite, offers "enterprise-grade security and compliance", including SSAE 16 / ISAE 3402 Type II, SOC 2-audit, ISO 27001 certification, adherence to the Safe Harbor Privacy Principles, and can support industry-specific requirements like Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).[103] In October 2020, Google announced the new Business Plus pricing tier for Workspace that includes enhanced security features and controls like Vault and Advanced Endpoint Management, but not the full security options available in Enterprise editions of Workspace.[46][104]
Customers
[edit]As of April 2020[update], Google has 6 million businesses paying for G Suite,[105][106] while it has 120 million G Suite for Education users.[107][108]
In September 2014, Amit Singh, then-President of then-named Google for Work, stated that "60 percent of the Fortune 500" companies were paying for the service, with "more than 1,800 customers" signing up each week.[109]
Referral and partner programs
[edit]In March 2014, Google announced the Google Apps Referral Program in the United States and Canada. The program lets users receive money, coupons and other incentives by referring customers to G Suite.[110][111]
In December 2014, Google introduced the Google for Work and Education Partner Program. The program combined existing, individual programs from Apps, Chrome, Cloud Platform, Maps, and Search into one overall program, and "allows partners to better sell, service and innovate across the Google for Work and Education suite of products and platforms".[112][113]
Geographic availability
[edit]Google Workspace is available in most countries and regions. However, Google restricts access to some of its business services in certain countries or regions, such as Crimea, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Syria. If anyone tries to sign in to these services from these countries or regions, they would get an error message.[114]
Reception
[edit]In an August 2011 review, PC World's Tony Bradley wrote that "the value of a rival platform such as Google Apps hinges on how compatible it is with Microsoft Office formatting conventions and file types", praising Google for having "gone to great lengths to improve fidelity with Microsoft Office, but it hasn't gone far enough", criticizing "many features" for being reformatted, including "tables of contents, footnotes, or inserted images". Bradley praised Google's collaborative apps, writing that it was "besting what Microsoft offers in 365". Regarding the price, he wrote that "Google's package is the best value. The annual pricing of $50 per user per year makes it about a third less per user per year than Office 365, yet it boasts equivalent functionality sufficient for most small and medium organizations".[115]
Gary Marshall of TechRadar commented in 2016 that "Where Office tries to do everything imaginable, Google's suite is much more basic. That said, it's much more powerful than it was when the package debuted in 2006, but the emphasis on simplicity and speed remains." Marshall wrote that "We wouldn't want to craft a massive, complicated manuscript in Docs, but then that isn't what Docs is designed to do. It's a fast and user-friendly way to create everyday documents and to share them with colleagues and clients", and that fellow service Google Sheets "covers the most common Excel functions [...] but doesn't have the power of Microsoft's offering". Marshall praised collaboration for being "effortless", and praised importing of external file formats and making those editable and collaborative for being a "big selling point".[116]
PCMag's Eric Grevstad wrote that "what's online is what you get", adding that "configuring them to [work offline] is a rigmarole". He stated that the package was "an illustration of software's version of the 80/20 rule [...] 80 percent of users will never need more than 20 percent of the features". He stated that "comparing [G Suite] to Office 2016 is like bringing a handgun to a cannon fight [...] Microsoft's PC-based suite is designed to have almost every feature anyone might ever need; Google's online suite is designed to have most features most people use daily."[117]
Tom's Hardware's James Gaskin wrote that "like most Google products, it can claim the cleanest and most minimal interface in the market", and "No other suite except Office 365 can get close to the ease of collaboration Google provides. And even Microsoft's product trails by a wide margin as changes only appear in real-time in Word 2016, not the other apps". Conclusively, he wrote: "The progress made between the first Google App release and now has been considerable. As the world moves to more and more mobile computing, Google has a distinct advantage. But tradition dies hard, and those who build more than basic documents, spreadsheets, and presentations will remain tied to their desktops and laptops for the time being."[118]
After Google+ was launched, many articles were published that emphasized that having a presence on Google+ helped with the business's Google search result rankings. Particularly public-facing Pages and +1 buttons were pushed as effective marketing strategies.[119][120][121][122]
However, writing for The New York Times, Quentin Hardy said that "the sour grapes version is that Google Plus isn't getting anything like the buzz or traffic of Facebook, so Google is figuring out other ways to make the service relevant". However, Hardy did note that the integration between Google+ and other, more popular Google services, including Hangouts, meant "it's still early on, but it's easy to see how this could be an efficient way to bring workers to a virtual meeting, collaborate during it and embed in a calendar the future work commitments and follow-up that result".[123]
Competitors
[edit]The key competitor to the Google suite is 365, Microsoft's cloud-based offering for businesses that includes similar products. The key differences are in the pricing plans, storage space and number of features.
As noted by TechRepublic in 2013, pricing plans differ in that "Google Apps has a quick and easy pricing plan for their standard Google Apps for Business package: $5 per user per month or $50 per user per year ... In contrast, Office 365 has a multitude of plans (six as of September, 2013) which can be both good and bad since it provides flexibility but also involves some complexity to figure out the best choice". Storage space varies because "Office 365 gives users 50 GB of space in Outlook and 1 TB in OneDrive. Google Apps provides 30 GB of space which is spread among Gmail, Drive and Picasa". And regarding features, it states that "Office 365 has the advantage for plenty of users who have been familiar with Word, Excel and the rest of the gang for years; there is less of a learning curve than with Google Apps if the latter represents a brand new experience ... However, it's also true that Office is notorious for being loaded with complex, unused features which can cause confusion, so the familiarity many will embrace also comes with something of a price, especially if companies are paying for advanced packages not all employees will use. By contrast, Google Apps programs are fairly easy to learn and intuitive, but may feel too awkward for those who are hard-coded to work in Office."[124] Stephen Shankland of CNET wrote in 2014 that "It's hard to compare Google Apps' success to that of Microsoft Office since Google doesn't release revenue or user figures".[125]
As of March 2016[update], Microsoft has 60 million commercial customers signed up for its Office 365 product offering, with "50,000 small business customers added to Office 365 each month".[126]
See also
[edit]References
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Further reading
[edit]- Ben-Aroya, Dvir (November 23, 2020). "How Google Workspace unlocked the market for subscription business software". The Next Web. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
- Beswick, James (2009). Getting Productive With Google Apps. San Francisco, CA: 415 Systems. ISBN 978-1-4404-8676-0.
- Conner, Nancy (2008). Google Apps: The Missing Manual. Sebastopol: Pogue Press. ISBN 978-0-596-51579-9.
- Granneman, Scott (2008). Google Apps Deciphered: Compute in the Cloud to Streamline Your Desktop. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-700470-6.
- Meet the father of Google Apps (who used to work at Microsoft)
External links
[edit]Google Workspace
View on GrokipediaHistory
Origins and Launch
Google Workspace originated from Google's development of internal productivity tools, beginning with the launch of Gmail on April 1, 2004, which introduced innovative features like 1 GB of storage and advanced search capabilities for email management.[9] This service laid the groundwork for broader collaboration tools, as Google sought to extend its web-based innovations beyond consumer use to organizational settings. By 2005, the concept of Google Apps was conceived through initial code development, focusing on hosted services to simplify communication and productivity for teams.[10] The suite emerged publicly in February 2006 with a beta release of Gmail for Your Domain, a limited service tested with organizations such as San Jose City College to enable custom domain email hosting.[10] On August 28, 2006, Google officially launched Google Apps for Your Domain as a free beta product targeted at small businesses, non-profits, educational institutions, and other organizations seeking affordable, web-based alternatives to traditional software.[11] The initial package included Gmail for business email with 2 GB storage per user, Google Calendar for shared scheduling, Google Talk for instant messaging and voice calls, and Google Page Creator for simple web page building and hosting, all integrated through a customizable admin console to support small teams in real-time collaboration without on-premises infrastructure.[11] In October 2006, Google expanded access with the announcement of Google Apps for Education, a free edition tailored for universities and schools, emphasizing integration with existing systems and adoption by institutions like Arizona State University.[12] This version highlighted the suite's potential for academic environments, offering ad-free email and calendaring tools to foster collaboration among students and faculty. By early 2007, Google transitioned from beta to a paid offering with the February 22 release of Google Apps Premier Edition, priced at $50 per user per year, which provided enhanced features such as 10 GB storage, a 99.9% uptime guarantee, and API access for businesses requiring more robust support.[13] These early iterations marked Google Workspace's foundation as a cloud-first productivity platform designed for seamless, domain-hosted operations.Evolution and Rebranding
Google Apps, initially launched in 2006 as a suite of web-based productivity tools including Gmail, Docs, and Calendar, underwent its first major rebranding in September 2016 to G Suite. This change aimed to emphasize the platform's role as a unified set of tools designed to foster collaboration and innovation within organizations, rather than a collection of disparate applications. The rebranding introduced enhancements such as Team Drives for shared file management with granular permissions and machine learning features like Quick Access in Drive, which reduced file retrieval time by up to 50%.[14] Throughout the 2010s, G Suite expanded with advanced administrative controls to support enterprise needs, including mobile device management policies introduced in July 2010 that allowed admins to enforce security settings like password requirements and data encryption. These controls evolved to include infrastructure upgrades for better scalability and reporting tools, enabling IT administrators to monitor user activity and compliance more effectively. Additionally, communication tools progressed with the launch of Hangouts Chat and Hangouts Meet in March 2017, which provided enterprise-grade messaging and video conferencing integrated with G Suite apps, replacing older Hangouts features for business users by 2019.[15][16] In December 2012, Google discontinued the free edition of Google Apps for new business customers, transitioning all signups to paid plans starting at $5 per user per month to sustain growth and add premium features like enhanced storage and support. Concurrently, the consumer-facing version of Google Apps was phased out, focusing the product line on enterprise and educational markets. By 2019, Google merged its enterprise Google+ social features into other G Suite tools, rebranding the platform as Google Currents to streamline internal communication without the broader social network elements.[17][18] The platform's next evolution occurred on October 6, 2020, when G Suite was rebranded to Google Workspace to better represent its vision as an integrated ecosystem for seamless collaboration across email, chat, video, and documents. This shift highlighted the interconnected nature of the tools, supporting distributed teams in a hybrid work environment amid the remote work surge driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing customers were automatically transitioned, with new tailored editions for small businesses and enterprises emphasizing security and compliance.[19][20]Key Milestones and Updates
Following the rebranding to Google Workspace in 2020, several key milestones marked the platform's evolution to better serve diverse users and enterprises. In 2021, Google launched Google Workspace Individual, a subscription plan tailored for solo business owners and freelancers, offering features like appointment scheduling, email marketing, and eSignature integration to enhance productivity without the need for team-based licensing. This initiative aimed to extend Workspace's tools to individual professionals, starting at $9.99 per month with a promotional discount until early 2022.[21] Pricing adjustments have been a notable aspect of post-rebrand developments. In February 2023, Google announced updates to subscription pricing, including a 20% increase for flexible plans rolling out from April 2023 through 2024, to reflect ongoing investments in AI and security features; for example, Business Starter rose from $6 to $7.20 per user per month. Further hikes were implemented in 2025, effective from March 17 for flexible plans and at renewal for annual commitments, elevating prices to $8.40 for Business Starter, $16.80 for Business Standard, and $26.40 for Business Plus per user per month, alongside bundling advanced AI capabilities. These changes affected Business and Enterprise editions, with Google citing expanded Gemini AI integrations as a key driver.[22][23][24] Discontinuations have streamlined the Workspace ecosystem by consolidating features into core apps. In 2021, Google began transitioning users from legacy tools, but a major shift occurred in 2023 when Google Currents, the enterprise social intranet, was fully retired on July 5 and merged into Google Chat's Spaces feature to unify communication and community building. Similarly, Jamboard, the digital whiteboard app, reached end-of-life on December 31, 2024, with Google recommending alternatives like FigJam for continued collaboration; users were urged to export content beforehand as all data was permanently deleted post-shutdown. In 2025, the standalone Gemini Business and Enterprise add-ons were discontinued as of January 15, with their AI functionalities integrated directly into qualifying Workspace plans to simplify access and reduce add-on management.[25][26][27] Updates in 2024 and 2025 emphasized AI-driven enhancements and usability improvements. September 2025 introduced refined mobile notifications for Gmail on Android and iOS, allowing users to mark emails as read directly from alerts and bundle similar notifications for efficiency, reducing inbox overload on the go. In June 2025, Google rolled out Veo 3 video generation within Google Vids as an experimental preview for most Workspace accounts, enabling creation of high-fidelity 8-second clips with audio from text prompts to boost content production. Deeper Gemini integrations expanded across apps throughout 2024-2025, including AI-powered summaries in Meet, automated note-taking in Docs, and contextual assistance in Sheets, making advanced AI available in Business and Enterprise editions without separate add-ons.[28][29][30] In response to high-profile data breaches affecting competitors in 2023, such as the MOVEit Transfer vulnerability exploited by Clop ransomware impacting millions of users, Google intensified its focus on enterprise security within Workspace. This included enhanced threat detection via advanced phishing protections in Gmail, zero-trust access controls, and automated compliance auditing tools rolled out progressively through 2024 and 2025, helping organizations mitigate risks like unauthorized sharing and malware. These measures, built on Google's cloud infrastructure, prioritized data encryption and real-time monitoring to support global expansions into regulated industries.[31][32]Products and Services
Communication Tools
Google Workspace provides a suite of integrated communication tools designed to facilitate email, instant messaging, video conferencing, and scheduling for businesses and teams. These tools emphasize seamless collaboration, security, and integration across the platform, enabling users to communicate efficiently without switching between disparate applications. Core offerings include Gmail for professional email, Google Chat for team messaging, Google Meet for video calls, and Google Calendar for event management, each tailored for enterprise use with features like custom domains and administrative controls.[33][34][35][36] Gmail serves as the primary email solution in Google Workspace, offering custom business email addresses with domain hosting for professional branding. To route incoming email to these addresses, domains must configure appropriate MX records in their DNS settings. Google recommends using a single MX record with priority 1 pointing to smtp.google.com. This replaces the legacy setup (used for domains configured before approximately 2023) of five MX records: aspmx.l.google.com at priority 1, alt1.aspmx.l.google.com and alt2.aspmx.l.google.com at priority 5, and alt3.aspmx.l.google.com and alt4.aspmx.l.google.com at priority 10. Existing legacy configurations may continue to function if email is operational, but Google advises switching to the single record by removing any existing MX records and adding the new one to ensure optimal and reliable email delivery. This recommendation applies to any DNS provider. Gmail includes at least 30 GB of pooled storage per user in entry-level plans, shared across email and other services, along with advanced spam filtering powered by machine learning to block over 99.9% of spam and phishing attempts. Gmail integrates directly with other Workspace apps, such as allowing users to schedule meetings from emails or attach files from Drive, enhancing workflow efficiency.[37][33][38] Google Chat functions as the team's messaging hub, supporting direct messages, group conversations, and dedicated spaces for ongoing projects or departments. Users can organize discussions into threads to maintain clarity in busy channels and integrate bots or third-party apps for automation, such as notifications from external services. Evolving from Hangouts Chat introduced in 2017 as part of G Suite, Google Chat has become the default messaging tool, fully replacing Hangouts by 2022 with improved enterprise features like search across history and integration with Gmail for chat notifications.[34][39][40] Google Meet delivers secure video conferencing capabilities, supporting up to 1,000 participants in Enterprise editions for large-scale meetings. Key features include recording sessions for later review, real-time noise cancellation to reduce background distractions, and a telephony add-on that enables dial-in via phone for participants without internet access. Meetings can be initiated directly from Gmail or Calendar, with end-to-end encryption ensuring data privacy during calls.[41][42][35] Google Calendar enables shared scheduling across organizations, allowing users to view colleagues' availability, book resources like conference rooms, and create events that automatically generate Meet links. It integrates with Gmail to parse event details from emails, such as flight confirmations, and with Meet for one-click joining, streamlining coordination. Administrative controls permit resource management, ensuring equitable booking of shared assets like equipment or vehicles.[36][43][44] These tools occasionally incorporate AI enhancements, such as Gemini-generated summaries for emails or meetings, to boost productivity without disrupting core communication flows.[33]Productivity and Collaboration Tools
Google Workspace provides a suite of applications designed for creating, editing, and sharing documents, forms, and sites, emphasizing real-time collaboration and seamless integration across tools. These apps enable multiple users to work simultaneously on content, track changes through version history, and access files offline, enhancing productivity for individuals and teams. Key components include word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, survey tools, website builders, task management, and note-taking features, all built on cloud infrastructure for accessibility from any device. Google Docs serves as the primary word processing tool, allowing users to create and edit documents in real time with multiple collaborators viewing changes via live pointers and cursor indicators. It supports version history, enabling users to review, restore, or name previous versions to maintain document integrity. Offline access is available, permitting creation and editing without an internet connection once enabled in settings. Additional collaboration features include commenting with @mentions, task assignments, and permission controls for viewing or editing.[45] Google Sheets facilitates spreadsheet creation and management, supporting real-time co-editing where teams can simultaneously input data, formulas, and charts. Common functions like SUM for totaling values and VLOOKUP for searching data across sheets are built-in, aiding data analysis without external software. Version history tracks all modifications, allowing reversion to prior states, while offline mode supports editing on the go. Collaboration extends to protected ranges for sensitive data and integrated comments for feedback.[46] Google Slides enables the development of presentations with real-time co-editing, where users can add slides, insert media, and apply themes collaboratively, using live pointers to follow others' actions. Version history preserves earlier iterations for easy rollback, and offline access allows preparation without connectivity. Presentation-specific tools include speaker notes, animations, and direct integration for recording via compatible services, with granular sharing options to control access.[47] Google Forms streamlines survey and quiz creation through a drag-and-drop interface with various question types, including multiple-choice, text, and file uploads, supporting conditional logic for dynamic flows. Real-time collaboration allows co-authors to edit forms simultaneously, and responses generate automated charts for analysis, with options to export data to Sheets for further processing. Forms can be shared via links, embedded on sites, or distributed through other channels, with automatic saving of incomplete submissions.[48] Google Sites offers a user-friendly website builder for constructing internal intranets or public pages, featuring drag-and-drop layouts, prebuilt templates, and responsive designs that adapt to devices. Real-time co-editing mirrors Docs functionality, enabling teams to update content instantly, while version control and permission settings ensure secure management. Integration with other Workspace apps allows embedding documents, calendars, or forms directly into sites for cohesive information hubs.[49] Google Tasks provides simple task list management, allowing users to create, organize, and prioritize to-dos with subtasks, due dates, and recurring options, syncing across devices. It integrates with Calendar to display dated tasks as events with reminders and with Gmail to convert emails into actionable items linked back to the original message. Stars and lists facilitate quick prioritization and categorization without complex setup.[50] Google Keep functions as a versatile note-taking app, supporting text, lists, images, drawings, and audio recordings, with real-time syncing for access from any device. Organization tools include color-coding, labels, pins, and search filters, alongside reminders tied to time or location. Collaboration enables sharing notes for joint editing, and exports to Docs preserve content for longer-form work.[51]Storage and Management Tools
Google Drive serves as the central cloud storage solution within Google Workspace, providing users with secure, scalable file storage and organization capabilities. It offers pooled storage that starts at 15 GB per user for free accounts, with business editions enabling expansion up to 5 TB or more per user through flexible plans, allowing organizations to scale based on needs without fixed limits per file or folder.[52][53] Drive supports over 30 file types, including native Google formats like Docs, Sheets, and Slides, as well as Microsoft Office files (e.g., .DOCX, .XLSX, .PPTX), PDFs, images, videos, and audio, enabling seamless storage and preview without conversion.[54] File sharing is streamlined with granular permissions—such as view, comment, or edit access—along with features like expiration dates and password protection for links, ensuring controlled collaboration across teams.[52] Advanced search functionality leverages AI to index content, metadata, and user activity, allowing quick retrieval of files by keywords, dates, or collaborators, even within large repositories.[52] For file management, Google Drive includes shared drives, which function as team-owned folders separate from individual "My Drive" spaces, promoting persistent access regardless of member changes. Shared drives allow all members to view the same content consistently, with tailored external sharing options and support for files up to 5 TB in size, facilitating organized, department-level storage without ownership silos.[55] Offline synchronization is enabled through the Drive for desktop app, which mirrors files to local devices on Windows or macOS, permitting editing of Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides without internet connectivity; changes sync automatically upon reconnection, with built-in ransomware detection for security.[56][57] Additionally, the activity dashboard provides an overview of file interactions, including view history, edits, and comments by users, accessible via the Tools menu in supported apps or the Drive interface, helping teams track engagement and revisions efficiently.[58][59] Google Vids complements Drive's storage by offering AI-assisted tools for video creation and management, introduced in April 2024 and integrated directly into Google Workspace for collaborative workflows. Users can generate storyboards, scripts, voiceovers, and clips from text prompts or uploaded files using Gemini AI, with videos stored securely in Drive and shared via similar permission controls.[60][61] In 2025, expansions incorporated Veo 3 for advanced features like 8-second video generation from images or scripts, realistic motion animation, native audio syncing, and customizable AI avatars, enabling efficient production of professional content up to 10 minutes long while maintaining Drive's organizational structure.[62][63] This integration supports offline access for editing via Drive sync and activity tracking for collaborative reviews, enhancing video as a core storage and management asset.[60]Administration and Add-ons
Administrators manage Google Workspace environments through the Google Admin Console, a centralized web-based interface accessible at admin.google.com, which allows super administrators to control all aspects of the organization's account, including user provisioning, role assignments, and service configurations.[64] User management features enable adding or removing users, organizing them into organizational units for policy application, and assigning prebuilt roles such as super admin or groups admin to delegate tasks without granting full access.[65] When deleting a user, administrators can transfer ownership of the deleted user's Google Drive files to another user in the organization during the deletion process in the Admin console. If ownership is not transferred at that time, the files are scheduled for deletion after a 20-day grace period, during which the user can be restored. After permanent deletion, the files are irretrievable, and ownership cannot be reassigned through the Admin console.[66] Device policies support endpoint management by enforcing security settings on mobile devices and Chrome browsers, including password requirements, app management for Android, and enrollment in Chrome Enterprise Core for policy enforcement across browsers.[67] Organizations can procure and manage Google Workspace subscriptions through authorized resellers. For example, Rippling acts as an official Google Workspace reseller that handles license purchasing, assignment, and management.[68] In the Google Admin Console, super administrators can manage reseller access by going to Menu > Account > Reseller management, where they can toggle reseller access on or off. Disabling this access removes all resellers' full access to the Admin console for management purposes, though support-only access may be configured separately through the Google Cloud Support Portal. Changes may take up to 24 hours to take effect.[69] To change or remove a reseller (for example, to transfer to direct billing with Google or to another reseller), the process typically requires coordination with the current reseller to end the relationship, which may result in forfeiting any remaining prepaid subscription amounts depending on the plan type. Administrators can then use the Admin console to generate a transfer authorization or contact Google Workspace support to complete the transfer, following standard subscription transfer procedures. Such transfers are non-reversible and do not interrupt service availability.[70] Google Vault provides eDiscovery and data retention capabilities to help organizations comply with legal and regulatory requirements.[71] It allows administrators to search across Google Workspace data, including Gmail and Chat, using keywords, date ranges, and Boolean operators to locate relevant items for investigations. Retention policies automatically preserve data for a specified period or indefinitely, applying to services like email and chat to prevent deletion until the retention term expires, after which data is purged and unrecoverable.[72] Legal holds enable indefinite preservation of specific data, such as placing holds on user accounts or organizational units for Gmail messages and Chat conversations to meet preservation obligations during litigation or audits, with holds overriding retention rules and preventing account deletion if active data is held.[73] Exports of searched data include metadata and are available for 15 days, supporting analysis outside Vault. Vault requires a license included in editions like Enterprise or available as an add-on, and starting November 1, 2025, Google Workspace admins must have a Google Vault license to continue using Google Vault.[71] Regarding file access in Google Drive, there is no built-in feature in the Google Admin Console that allows administrators to comprehensively list all files a specific user has access to, due to privacy protections for users' personal My Drive files. Admins do not have automatic access to these files unless they are explicitly shared with the admin, occur via folder shares, Shared Drive membership, or organization-wide settings. For auditing or eDiscovery purposes, administrators can use Google Vault to search and retrieve Drive files associated with a user or organizational unit, but this requires setting up matters and targeted searches rather than providing a straightforward, all-encompassing list. Comprehensive listing typically requires additional tools, such as the Google Drive API with domain-wide delegation or custom scripts.[74] The Google Workspace Marketplace serves as a digital storefront for third-party applications and add-ons that extend Workspace functionality, allowing users and administrators to discover, install, and manage integrations directly from within apps like Gmail, Docs, and Sheets.[75] Over 5,000 apps are available, categorized by productivity, communication, and automation, with administrative controls to approve installations, monitor permissions, and revoke access via the Admin Console.[76] Popular integrations include Zoom for scheduling video meetings from Google Calendar and Slack for connecting team messaging to Workspace files and notifications, enhancing cross-platform collaboration.[75] Google Voice operates as a telephony add-on, providing cloud-based phone systems with features like spam blocking, voicemail transcription, and integration with Google Meet for seamless calling from Workspace apps; it supports plans starting at $10 per user per month for small teams up to unlimited users in higher tiers.[77] Add-ons like Lucidchart for diagram sharing in Gmail or SignEasy for document signing demonstrate how Marketplace tools embed third-party workflows into native Workspace experiences, with secure API access limited to necessary data.[76] Reporting tools in Google Workspace deliver usage insights and audit logs to monitor organizational activity and ensure compliance.[78] The Admin Console's highlights reports provide overviews of service adoption trends, storage usage, file sharing patterns, and carbon footprint metrics for Workspace operations, helping administrators identify underutilized features or growth areas. User-specific reports detail app engagement, such as Gmail sent/received volumes and Drive storage per account, alongside security metrics like 2-Step Verification adoption and third-party app risks.[78] Audit and investigation logs capture events like administrator actions, login attempts, and device activities, with premium features in Enterprise editions enabling advanced searches, automated threat responses, and exports to BigQuery for deeper analysis. These tools support proactive management by alerting admins to anomalies via email or system rules.AI Integrations
Gemini in Workspace
Gemini is a multimodal AI model developed by Google, first announced on December 6, 2023, as the company's most capable large language model to date.[79] In Google Workspace, Gemini serves as an integrated AI assistant that enhances productivity across various applications, initially launched as an add-on in early 2024 but fully embedded into all Business (Starter, Standard, Plus) and Enterprise plans starting in January 2025 without requiring a separate subscription.[27] This integration allows users to access advanced generative AI capabilities directly within familiar Workspace tools, focusing on tasks like content creation, analysis, and automation to streamline workflows.[80] Within Gmail, Gemini provides email summaries to quickly distill key points from long threads and generates intelligent reply suggestions tailored to the conversation context, helping users respond more efficiently.[81] In Google Meet, it offers real-time transcription of meetings, automatic note-taking, and catch-up summaries for late joiners, including enhancements to audio and video quality during sessions.[80] For document-centric apps, Gemini enables advanced content creation and editing in Google Docs through its side panel assistant, which supports generating full documents or initial drafts from prompts (including based on files in Google Drive), rewriting and refining text, adjusting tone (such as professional, friendly, or persuasive), shortening or expanding content, removing redundancies, improving clarity and structure, and using custom prompts for tailored generation; it also allows generating images directly within documents. In Sheets, it provides data analysis and visualization, including formula suggestions and chart creation; in Slides, it can produce outlines, suggest layouts, or generate custom images to accompany presentations. As of 2026, Gemini stands out as a leading AI writing tool for Google Docs due to its deep native integration and advanced generative capabilities. Other options include Grammarly, which provides real-time editing, suggestions, and tone adjustments via its Google Docs add-on; Wordtune, strong for rewriting and rephrasing text within Docs; and third-party tools like Jasper, Writesonic, or Writer, which integrate via Zapier workflows for content generation and export to Docs, but are less seamless than the native Gemini.[82] The "Help me create an image" feature enables image generation directly in Docs and Slides and is available for Business Standard, Business Plus, Enterprise Standard, and Enterprise Plus editions. Image generation and editing via the Gemini app is subject to daily limits: up to 100 images per day in Business Starter, and up to 1,000 images per day in Business Standard, Business Plus, Enterprise Standard, and Enterprise Plus.[27][83] Video generation via the Gemini app using Veo 3.1 Fast preview is available up to 3 videos per day in Business Standard, Business Plus, Enterprise Standard, and Enterprise Plus, and is not available in Business Starter. Higher limits for advanced image and video generation may be available through add-ons such as AI Expanded Access (introduced February 2026) or AI Ultra for Business.[84] Image generation in apps such as Slides and Vids uses Nano Banana (including Nano Banana Pro), with monthly usage limits: Business Starter plans are limited to 3 generations per month, while Business Standard/Plus and Enterprise plans have a limit of 30 generations per month, resetting on the first day of each month at 12:00 AM PT. Higher limits are available by requesting AI Expanded Access (300 per month) or AI Ultra Access (1,000 per month) add-ons from the Workspace administrator. As of February 2026, promotional higher access to advanced image generation (including Nano Banana Pro) is available in Business and Enterprise plans until March 1, 2026, after which the add-on is required for higher limits.[81][85] Key availability expansions in 2025 include the introduction of Gems—customizable AI personas—directly accessible via side panels in apps like Gmail, Docs, and Sheets, rolled out on July 2, 2025, to enable personalized assistance without switching interfaces.[86] Additionally, on May 28, 2025, Gemini gained the ability to generate summaries of video files stored in Google Drive, allowing users to extract insights from recordings directly from the side panel.[87] In January 2026, NotebookLM was integrated directly into the Gemini app, allowing users to import and query notebooks within Gemini threads, thereby embedding AI research capabilities into daily workflows across Workspace apps like Docs, Sheets, and Slides.[88] Regarding pricing, Gemini features are included as standard in all Google Workspace Business and Enterprise plans at no extra cost, reflecting price adjustments implemented starting March 17, 2025, for new and renewing subscriptions, with potential feature limitations in lower tiers like Business Starter.[27] Legacy add-on options have been phased out since early 2025.[89] Gemini is available in editions including Gemini Business and Gemini Enterprise, with the latter offering a Plus version. Usage limits vary by edition: Gemini Business provides 25 GiB pooled storage and data indexing per user per month, while Gemini Enterprise Plus offers 75 GiB pooled storage and data indexing per user per month. The Plus version also includes priority access to the latest models and media generation capabilities, such as image and video creation. Advanced versions generally have higher or no practical usage restrictions.[90][91] In October 2025, Google launched Gemini Enterprise, providing a unified AI interface for advanced tasks across Workspace.[92] Further updates in November 2025 include Gemini Deep Research integrating with content from Gmail, Chat, and Drive for enhanced analysis, and audio overviews for PDFs in Drive.[93][94] As of February 2026, Gemini Enterprise provides prebuilt connectors and integrations for several SaaS and third-party applications, enabling secure data syncing—including real-time synchronization via webhooks for supported sources—multimodal search, and agentic workflows across enterprise data sources. Prebuilt connectors support Confluence Cloud, Jira Cloud, Microsoft SharePoint Online, and ServiceNow, while Salesforce and SAP are connectable through data federation or secure connections. The platform also supports connections to Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, and datastores such as BigQuery, facilitating multimodal search and processing of data from SaaS systems, CRMs, productivity tools, and more. Custom integrations and tailored agents can be developed using the Gemini API, Agent Development Kit (ADK), and no-code tools such as Agent Designer.[95][96]Smart Features Controls
Administrators can set organization-wide defaults for Google Workspace smart features and personalization via the Admin console, while users can override these in their individual app settings (such as in Gmail, Calendar, Drive, or Meet) unless enforced. Disabling smart features in Gmail, Chat, and Meet removes access to tools like Smart Compose (suggested text) and Smart Reply (quick replies). Disabling smart features in Google Workspace prevents use of Gemini-powered capabilities, such as content summarization, draft creation, and finding key information, along with other personalization like event display in Calendar and personalized search in Drive. These controls affect only AI-assisted and personalization features; core application functionality remains unaffected. Settings can be re-enabled at any time to restore access. Administrators also have separate controls to enable or disable Gemini features and the side panel in specific services, including Gmail, Docs, Sheets, Slides, and Meet.[97][98][99]Specialized AI Tools
Google Vids is an AI-powered video creation and editing tool integrated into Google Workspace, designed to enable users to produce professional videos without advanced technical skills. Launched in 2024, it leverages Gemini AI to generate initial video drafts from textual descriptions, automate scripting, and incorporate elements like stock media, voiceovers, and transitions.[60] In June 2025, Google expanded Vids with integration of Veo 3, its advanced generative video model, allowing users to create high-quality video clips directly from prompts, enhancing capabilities for scripting, editing, and full video generation suitable for training, demos, and communications.[29] This expansion made Veo 3 accessible within Workspace for tasks like converting presentations into dynamic videos or generating custom footage, streamlining collaborative production workflows.[100] Separately, the Gemini app provides access to video generation using Veo 3.1 Fast preview, limited to up to 3 videos per day in Business Standard, Business Plus, Enterprise Standard, and Enterprise Plus editions (not available in Business Starter).[101] Higher limits for advanced image and video generation may be available via add-ons such as AI Expanded Access (introduced February 2026) or AI Ultra for Business.[102] NotebookLM serves as a specialized AI research assistant within Google Workspace, focusing on generating summaries and insights from user-uploaded sources such as documents, links, and notes. Introduced as an additional service in September 2024, it enables teams to query complex information, produce audio overviews that turn notes into engaging audio discussions between AI hosts, and create study guides grounded in provided data, aiding research and knowledge synthesis by summarizing large sources for research and team collaboration.[103] By December 2024, the premium NotebookLM Plus version became available to Workspace customers, offering higher limits on notebooks, sources, and features like five times more audio overviews for deeper analysis.[104] Integrated as a core service by early 2025, NotebookLM supports organizational learning by transforming raw content into actionable summaries while maintaining data privacy through grounded AI responses.[105] In January 2026, NotebookLM gained direct integration with the Gemini app, allowing users to import notebooks into Gemini threads for seamless querying and synthesis of information, further embedding it into daily workflows.[88] Google Vault supports AI-powered features through integration with Gemini for eDiscovery and compliance, allowing administrators to search and export conversations from the Gemini app as of February 2025. This enhances data retention processes by including AI-generated content in audits and investigations.[106] As of September 2025, Google Forms includes AI-generated summaries of responses, providing insights such as key themes and sentiment trends to automatically process and interpret response data.[107]Pricing and Editions
Plan Tiers
Google Workspace offers a range of subscription plans tailored to different user needs, from solo entrepreneurs and one-person companies to large enterprises. The plans have no minimum user requirement and support as few as 1 user, making them suitable for solo entrepreneurs and one-person companies. The primary tiers include Business Starter, Business Standard, and Business Plus, designed for small to medium-sized businesses with up to 300 users per plan, while the Enterprise edition caters to larger organizations with custom pricing and no user limits. Additionally, the Individual plan targets solopreneurs and one-person businesses. All plans provide core access to essential tools such as Gmail for business email, Google Drive for cloud storage, and Google Meet for video conferencing.[89] The Business Starter plan, aimed at startups, small teams, and solo entrepreneurs requiring basic productivity features, starts at $7 per user per month on a flexible monthly plan or lower with annual commitment or promotions (e.g., $5.60/user/month introductory rate until May 2026), including 30 GB pooled storage, custom business email, Gemini AI in Gmail, and video meetings for 100 participants.[89] The Business Standard plan, suitable for growing teams needing more collaboration capabilities, is priced at $14 per user per month (or equivalent), with 2 TB pooled storage and additional AI/tools.[89] The Business Plus plan, intended for mid-sized businesses seeking enhanced security and management tools, costs $26.40 per user per month monthly or $22 annually, offering 5 TB of pooled storage. The Business Plus plan and Enterprise editions include additional features such as Google Vault for eDiscovery and retention, along with advanced AI capabilities.[89][23] For individual users, the Google Workspace Individual plan is specifically designed for solopreneurs and one-person businesses, offering premium features like 2 TB storage, advanced appointment scheduling, eSignatures, and custom email, aligning with Business Standard capabilities tailored for individuals. It provides a standalone subscription at $9.99 per month (or $8.33 with annual billing), featuring 2 TB of personal storage, priority support, and integrated access to Gmail, Drive, Meet, and other apps without multi-user administration.[3] The Enterprise edition, customized for large-scale deployments, offers unlimited storage and advanced compliance tools, with pricing determined through direct sales negotiations.[89] In January 2025, Google announced price increases for the Business plans, effective for new customers starting January 16, 2025, and for existing monthly subscribers from March 17, 2025, reflecting a 20% hike on flexible plans to account for enhanced value. Concurrently, Gemini AI features were bundled at no extra cost into all Business and Enterprise plans, providing integrated AI assistance across apps like Gmail, Docs, and Meet for improved productivity.[80][23]| Plan Tier | Target Users | Monthly Price (Flexible) | Annual Price (per user/month) | Storage per User |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business Starter | Small teams, startups, solo entrepreneurs | $7 USD | $7 USD (or lower with promotions, e.g., $5.60 introductory until May 2026) | 30 GB pooled |
| Business Standard | Growing businesses | $16.80 USD | $14 USD | 2 TB pooled |
| Business Plus | Mid-sized organizations | $26.40 USD | $22 USD | 5 TB pooled |
| Individual | Solopreneurs, one-person businesses | $9.99 USD | $8.33 USD | 2 TB personal |
| Enterprise | Large enterprises | Custom | Custom | Unlimited |
Billing and Features Comparison
Google Workspace offers several editions with varying storage capacities, feature access, and support levels, allowing organizations to select based on size, needs, and budget. The Business Starter edition provides basic functionality with 30 GB of pooled storage per user, suitable for small teams and solo entrepreneurs requiring essential tools. In contrast, the Business Standard edition scales to 2 TB of pooled storage per user, unlocking enhanced collaboration features and additional AI tools. Higher tiers like Business Plus and Enterprise editions further expand capabilities, with Enterprise Standard and Plus offering unlimited storage to accommodate large-scale data needs without per-user limits.[108] Key feature differences include participant limits in Google Meet and access to AI tools like Gemini. The Starter edition caps Meet at 100 participants and provides basic Gemini integration in core apps such as Gmail and Docs. Standard and higher editions increase Meet capacity to 150 participants (Standard), 500 (Plus), or 1,000 (Enterprise), while granting expanded Gemini access, including advanced models in the Gemini app, NotebookLM enhancements, and side-panel support across Workspace apps starting from Standard. Enterprise editions deliver the fullest AI capabilities with enterprise-grade controls and no data usage for training. The Individual plan aligns with Standard-level features, including enhanced Gemini access, 2 TB storage, advanced appointment scheduling, and eSignatures, but is tailored for single users.[108][109]| Edition | Storage (Pooled) | Google Meet Participants | Gemini AI Access Level | Max Users |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business Starter | 30 GB per user | 100 | Basic (Gmail, Docs, Gemini app; 25 GiB pooled per user for storage/indexing) | 300 |
| Business Standard | 2 TB per user | 150 | Enhanced (Expanded Gemini app, NotebookLM 5x limits; 25 GiB pooled per user for storage/indexing) | 300 |
| Business Plus | 5 TB per user | 500 | Full (Advanced tools like Flow, team sharing; 25 GiB pooled per user for storage/indexing) | 300 |
| Enterprise | Unlimited (Standard/Plus) | 1,000 | Highest (All features + admin controls; 30 GiB pooled per user for Standard or 75 GiB for Plus with priority access to latest models and media generation)[90] | Unlimited |
Security and Privacy
Core Security Features
Google Workspace incorporates robust authentication mechanisms to verify user identities and prevent unauthorized access. Two-step verification (2SV), also known as multi-factor authentication (MFA), requires users to provide a second form of verification—such as a code from an authenticator app, SMS, or hardware security key—in addition to their password, significantly reducing the risk of account compromise from stolen credentials.[116] Administrators can enforce 2SV across the organization via the Admin console, with options to allow opt-in or mandate its use for all users.[117] Single sign-on (SSO) is supported through SAML 2.0 and OpenID Connect (OIDC) protocols, enabling seamless integration with identity providers like Microsoft Entra ID or other third-party systems, allowing users to access Google Workspace apps with a single set of credentials.[118] Context-aware access further enhances this by applying granular policies based on user identity, device compliance, location, and IP address, such as restricting access to sensitive apps only from corporate networks or managed devices.[119] Additionally, account recovery features allow users to add or update a recovery email address, with each Google Workspace account supporting only one recovery email address (similar to personal Google accounts), as the interface provides only a single field for this purpose and does not support multiple recovery emails.[120] Threat protection in Google Workspace leverages AI-driven tools to safeguard against email-based attacks and unintended data exposure. Gmail's advanced phishing and malware protection scans incoming messages, attachments, links, and images, blocking over 99.9% of spam, phishing attempts, and malware, with customizable actions like quarantining suspicious content for admin review or displaying warnings to users.[121] This system operates independently of standard spam filters and includes spoofing detection to prevent domain impersonation, ensuring emails from unverified sources are flagged or blocked.[121] Data loss prevention (DLP) policies allow administrators to detect and control the sharing of sensitive information across Gmail, Drive, and Chat, using predefined or custom detectors for patterns like credit card numbers or personally identifiable information, with actions ranging from blocking shares to notifying users.[122] Encryption is a foundational element of Google Workspace's security model, protecting data throughout its lifecycle. All data is encrypted at rest using AES-128 or stronger keys on disks and backup media, with keys managed by Google's Key Management Service (KMS) and rotated every 90 days to minimize exposure risks.[123] In transit, communications between users and Google services employ TLS 1.2 or 1.3 with 2048-bit RSA or equivalent certificates and forward secrecy, while inter-data-center traffic uses a proprietary AES-128-based protocol.[123] For heightened privacy, client-side encryption (CSE) options are available in eligible editions, enabling end-to-end protection for Gmail, Drive, Docs, Sheets, and Slides, where data is encrypted in the user's browser using customer-managed keys via the Key Access Service, preventing Google or third parties from accessing plaintext content.[124] As of April 2025, a beta for end-to-end encryption (E2EE) in Gmail allows organizations to send encrypted emails to other Gmail users, providing additional privacy controls.[125] Endpoint management tools in Google Workspace help secure devices accessing organizational data, supporting platforms like Android, iOS, ChromeOS, Windows, and macOS. Through the Admin console, administrators can enforce device compliance policies, such as requiring strong passwords, full-disk encryption, or the latest OS updates, before granting access to Workspace apps.[67] Basic mobile security is enabled by default without additional apps, providing features like remote wipe and hijack protection, while advanced management allows app whitelisting, geofencing, and blocking non-compliant devices to prevent data leaks from personal or unmanaged endpoints.[67] These controls integrate with context-aware access to ensure only verified, secure devices can interact with sensitive resources.[119]Privacy Policies and Compliance
Google Workspace maintains strict privacy policies that emphasize user control over data and adherence to global standards, ensuring that customer content is not scanned or used for advertising purposes. Unlike consumer Google services, data from Workspace core applications such as Gmail, Drive, and Docs is never utilized to target ads or improve advertising products.[126] This commitment is enshrined in Google's terms for business products, providing organizations with assurance that their information remains private and separate from ad-driven ecosystems.[127] Administrators and users can further control data usage for personalization by managing Google Workspace smart features settings. These controls allow disabling personalization in Gmail, Chat, Meet, and across Workspace apps, which limits the use of content and activity data for features like Smart Compose, Smart Reply, and Gemini-assisted tools. Disabling these settings affects AI-assisted personalization and efficiency features but does not impact core functionality of the applications, and the settings can be re-enabled at any time.[128] To address data sovereignty needs, Google Workspace offers configurable data residency options, allowing administrators to specify storage and processing locations primarily in the United States or the European Union. These data regions enable compliance with local regulations by keeping customer data within designated geographic boundaries, with granular controls for services like email and collaboration tools.[129] For instance, EU-based organizations can route all Workspace data to European data centers, minimizing cross-border transfers and supporting digital sovereignty best practices.[130] Google Workspace achieves regulatory compliance through a range of certifications and tools tailored for enterprise use. It supports the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) via contractual obligations, data processing agreements, and features like audit logs and access controls that facilitate data subject rights.[131] For healthcare organizations, compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is enabled through a Business Associate Agreement (BAA), covering eligible services with safeguards for protected health information.[132] Additional certifications include SOC 1, SOC 2, and SOC 3 reports, which validate controls for security, availability, and confidentiality, as well as ISO 27001 for information security management.[133] To meet legal discovery requirements, Google Vault provides eDiscovery capabilities, allowing administrators to search, hold, and export data for litigation or investigations. In response to privacy incidents, Google has demonstrated proactive handling, such as addressing the 2023 DeleFriend design flaw in the Domain-Wide Delegation API, which could potentially allow misuse of service account permissions for unauthorized access. Google reviewed the issue, determined it did not constitute a core security vulnerability, and issued guidance on secure delegation practices to mitigate risks without requiring immediate system changes.[134] Domain-wide delegation permits super administrators to authorize service accounts—created in any Google Cloud project, regardless of association with the Workspace domain—to access user data across the domain using specified OAuth scopes. The delegation is configured in the Google Workspace Admin console by entering the service account's client ID and the permitted scopes. This feature enables applications to act on behalf of users in the domain without individual consent.[135][136] Complementing this, Google publishes biannual transparency reports since 2010, detailing government requests for user data, including those affecting Workspace accounts, to promote accountability and inform users about external pressures on privacy.[137] Users and administrators benefit from robust controls for data management, including export and deletion options to uphold privacy rights. Individual users can export their data via Google Takeout, which archives content from Workspace apps into downloadable formats available for about 7 days, while organization-wide exports are available through the Admin console to Google Cloud Storage, where retention for customer-owned buckets is managed by the organization.[138] Deletion policies are enforced through Google Vault retention rules, where administrators set customizable periods after which data is automatically purged, ensuring compliance with records management and preventing indefinite storage. These mechanisms allow for timely data lifecycle management.Adoption and Ecosystem
Major Customers
Google Workspace has been adopted by numerous prominent enterprises, including Salesforce, which leverages its infrastructure for unlimited email storage and intelligent features to enhance team collaboration.[139] Uber utilizes Google Workspace integrated with AppSheet and Apps Script to automate administrative processes, resolving issues 95% faster and reducing costs by 98%.[140] Colgate-Palmolive migrated to Google Workspace in phases starting around 2015, with further cloud enhancements in 2021 to support real-time collaboration across its global operations in over 200 locations.[141] Other notable adopters include Labcorp, Wayfair, and McKesson Corporation, which employ it for collaboration in healthcare, e-commerce, and pharmaceuticals, respectively.[142] As of 2025, Google Workspace serves over 3 billion active users worldwide, encompassing both free and paid accounts across personal and business contexts.[143] It supports more than 11 million paying organizations, reflecting broad enterprise uptake.[144] Adoption has grown significantly since 2020, driven by demand for cloud-based tools.[145] The platform's user base skews heavily toward small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs), benefiting from affordable plans like Business Starter for up to 300 users.[145] In the education sector, millions of users access it through Google Workspace for Education editions, with over 170 million Education users reported as of 2021 and continued expansion to universities and K-12 institutions for tools like Classroom and Drive. Government agencies also rely on it for secure collaboration, with tailored solutions compliant with standards like FedRAMP High for U.S. federal use.[146] During the COVID-19 pandemic, Google Workspace played a key role in enabling remote work transitions; for instance, Quimmco shifted its entire workforce to remote operations seamlessly, ensuring business continuity without disruptions.[147] Similarly, Flaconi automated processes and supported 100% remote working during lockdowns, highlighting the platform's scalability for hybrid environments.[148]Partnerships and Integrations
Google Workspace maintains a robust partner ecosystem through its reseller and affiliate programs, enabling value-added resellers (VARs) such as CDW and Rippling to distribute, implement, and support the platform for businesses worldwide.[149][150][68] These programs provide resellers with tools for managing customer accounts, creating orders, and accessing negotiated discounts or promotional incentives to facilitate sales.[151] Additionally, the affiliate program allows partners to earn commissions on referrals, with rates varying by country and subscription edition to encourage promotion of Workspace offerings.[152] The referral program further incentivizes individuals and organizations by offering cash rewards per new user, such as up to GBP 17 for Business Plus editions in select markets, with annual limits to ensure sustainable growth.[153] Integrations form a core pillar of the Workspace ecosystem, supported by comprehensive API access that enables developers and third-party providers to build custom extensions.[154] The Google Workspace Marketplace hosts thousands of applications, including seamless connectors for enterprise tools like Salesforce, which syncs data across Gmail, Calendar, and CRM systems, and Microsoft Teams, allowing users to schedule and join meetings directly from Google Calendar.[155][156] These integrations, accessible via a redesigned menu for quick discovery, enhance productivity by embedding Workspace into broader workflows without requiring extensive coding.[157] In 2025, the ecosystem saw significant growth through Google Cloud's expanded partnerships, notably with SAP, to support hybrid cloud environments via SAP Business Data Cloud on Google Cloud infrastructure.[158][159] This collaboration enables zero-copy data sharing between SAP systems and Google tools like BigQuery, indirectly benefiting Workspace users in data-intensive operations by facilitating multi-cloud hybrid setups alongside partners like AWS.[160][161] Geographic expansion bolsters the partner network, with localized support available through dedicated partners and staff in service countries across most regions globally.[162] This structure ensures compliance with regional data preferences and provides tailored assistance, drawing from Google Cloud's extensive directory of thousands of partners worldwide.[163]Reception and Market Position
User Reviews and Criticisms
Google Workspace has received generally positive feedback from users, particularly for its intuitive interface and robust collaboration features. On review platform G2, it holds a 4.6 out of 5 rating based on over 46,000 user submissions as of 2025, with reviewers frequently praising seamless real-time editing in Docs and Sheets, as well as integration across apps like Gmail and Meet that enhance team productivity.[164][165] A 2025 Gartner Peer Insights report reflects similar sentiment, assigning Google Workspace a 4.6 out of 5 overall rating from over 3,200 reviews, where users highlight ease of use and accessibility for remote work. Users highlight mobile app enhancements, such as improved notification syncing and offline editing capabilities introduced in late 2024, which have addressed previous limitations in on-the-go access.[166][167] Despite these strengths, criticisms center on privacy issues, including 2024-2025 lawsuits against Google alleging unauthorized data collection for advertising purposes over an eight-year period, with some implications for Workspace in educational settings. Pricing adjustments in early 2025, which increased costs by up to 20% for Business plans (e.g., Starter from $7.20 to $8.40 per user monthly), sparked backlash among small businesses for lacking opt-out options amid bundled AI features like Gemini.[168][169][23][170] Service reliability has also drawn complaints, notably from incidents like the Gmail delivery delays in early December 2023 and broader Google Cloud disruptions in 2025 that affected core services. In response to user feedback, Google improved offline support in 2024, enabling fuller access to Docs, Sheets, and Slides without internet via admin policies, which reviewers in 2025 noted as a significant step toward mitigating downtime frustrations.[171][172][173]Competitors and Comparisons
Google Workspace faces primary competition from Microsoft 365, which holds a significant share in the enterprise segment as of 2025, driven by its comprehensive hybrid deployment options and deep integration with legacy systems.[174] In contrast, Google Workspace has captured over 50% of the overall productivity software market according to 2025 analyses, fueled by its appeal to small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) seeking seamless collaboration tools.[175] Another notable competitor is Zoho Workplace, positioned as an affordable alternative for cost-conscious SMBs, offering similar email, storage, and office suite features at lower price points starting from $1 per user per month.[176] In head-to-head comparisons, Google Workspace distinguishes itself with a consumer-like user interface that emphasizes intuitive, real-time collaboration, earning higher user satisfaction scores for ease of use in G2 reviews from 2025.[177] Its integration of Gemini AI provides advanced features like automated email drafting and content generation across apps such as Docs and Sheets, often outperforming Microsoft 365's Copilot in multimodal tasks and Google ecosystem synergy, though Copilot excels in Microsoft-specific workflows like Excel data analysis.[178] However, Google Workspace lags in on-premises deployment capabilities; it remains predominantly cloud-native with no full on-prem equivalents for core services like email, whereas Microsoft 365 supports hybrid environments through tools like Exchange Server, appealing to regulated industries requiring local data control.[179] Geographically, Google Workspace encounters limitations in regions with stringent data sovereignty requirements, such as China, where access is restricted due to government policies blocking Google services, prompting users to adopt local alternatives like Feishu or local-hosted solutions.[162] In the European Union and other areas enforcing GDPR-like rules, Google offers data residency options to mitigate sovereignty concerns, but competitors like Microsoft provide more granular controls for cross-border data transfers.[130] As of 2025, Google Workspace serves more than 9 million paying organizations worldwide, reflecting strong adoption growth in SMBs and creative sectors.[180]| Aspect | Google Workspace Strengths | Microsoft 365 Strengths |
|---|---|---|
| User Interface | Intuitive, mobile-first design for quick collaboration | Robust desktop apps with advanced customization |
| AI Integration | Gemini for creative and ecosystem-wide tasks | Copilot for enterprise data processing and automation |
| Deployment | Pure cloud scalability | Hybrid/on-prem flexibility for compliance |
| Market Focus | SMBs and creative teams (~50% overall share) | Enterprises (~45% overall share) |
