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List of Holocaust memorials and museums
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A number of organizations, museums and monuments are intended to serve as memorials to the Holocaust, the Nazi Final Solution, and its millions of victims.
Memorials and museums listed by country:
A - D: Albania · Argentina · Australia · Austria · Belarus · Belgium · Brazil · Bulgaria · Canada · China (PRC) · Croatia · Cuba · Czech Republic
E - J: Ecuador · Estonia · France · Germany · Greece · Guatemala · Hungary · Israel · Italy · Japan
K - O:
Latvia · Lithuania · Mexico · Netherlands · New Zealand · North Macedonia · Norway
P - T:
Philippines · Poland ·
Portugal ·
Romania · Russia · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · South Africa · Spain · Suriname · Sweden · Taiwan
U - Z:
Ukraine · United Kingdom · United States · Uruguay
Other sections:
See also · · Notes · References · Further reading · External links
Albania
[edit]
Argentina
[edit]Australia
[edit]- Adelaide Holocaust Museum and Andrew Steiner Education Centre (Adelaide, South Australia)
- The Jewish Holocaust Centre (Melbourne, Victoria)[5]
- Leo Baeck Centre for Progressive Judaism (Kew, Victoria) Holocaust Memorial[6]
- Melbourne General Cemetery Holocaust Memorial (Parkville, Victoria)[7]
- Sydney Jewish Museum (Sydney)[8]
- Magen Shoah, The Central Synagogue (Sydney)
Austria
[edit].JPG)
- The Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial (Vienna)
- Holocaust and Tolerance Center Styria, "House of Names" (Holocaust und Toleranzzentrum Steiermark, Haus der Namen) (Graz)[9]
- House of Responsibility (Braunau am Inn)
- Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial (Mauthausen)[10]
- Learning and memorial site Charlotte Taitl House (Ried im Innkreis)
- Memorial against war and fascism (Vienna)
- Pogrom Monument
- Memorial to the Jews of Zelem
- Memorial Site Hartheim Castle (Alkoven)
Belarus
[edit]Belgium
[edit]Brazil
[edit]- Holocaust victims memorial at Rio de Janeiro – Cemitério Israelita do Caju (sephardic) – inaugurated in September 1975
- Holocaust victims memorial at Salvador – Cemitério Israelita da Bahia – inaugurated in 2007
- Holocaust Museum in Curitiba – inaugurated in 2011 (Paraná)
- Memorial of Jewish Immigration and of the Holocaust, São Paulo[13] – 2011[14]
Bulgaria
[edit]- Jewish Historical Museum (Sofia)[15]
- Dimitar Peshev Museum (Kyustendil)[16][17]
- Monument of Gratitude (Plovdiv)[18]
Canada
[edit]
- Holocaust Memorial sculpture (Edmonton, Alberta)[19]
- Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre (Toronto)[20]
- The Canadian Society for Yad VaShem Holocaust Memorial (Toronto, Earl Bales Park)[21]
- The Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre (Vancouver, British Columbia)[22]
- Montreal Holocaust Museum
- Ottawa National Holocaust Monument
China (People's Republic of China)
[edit]- Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre (Hong Kong)[23]
- Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum[24]
- "Wall of Shanghai List" and Holocaust Memorial statue (Shanghai)[25]
Croatia
[edit]Cuba
[edit]- Holocaust Memorial Santa Clara[26]
- Sephardic Center Holocaust Exhibit (Havana)[27]
Czech Republic
[edit]
.jpg)
- Holocaust memorial (Valašské Meziříčí)
- Pinkas Synagogue/Old Jewish Cemetery (Prague)
- The Memorial of Silence[28] (Praha–Bubny railway station)
- Theresienstadt concentration camp (Terezín)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Moravia (Hodonín u Kunštátu)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Bohemia (Lety u Písku)
Ecuador
[edit]- Casa Museo Trude Sojka (in memory of a Holocaust survivor and artist)[29]
Estonia
[edit]
- Holocaust memorial at the site of Klooga concentration camp (Klooga)
- Memorial at the site of Kalevi-Liiva (Jägala)
- About "Between Life and Death. Stories of Rescue during the Holocaust"[30]
France
[edit]- Maison d'Izieu mémorial des enfants juifs exterminés,[31] Izieu[32]
- Centre de la mémoire d'Oradour, Oradour-sur-Glane[33]
- Holocaust museum[34] at Drancy internment camp (Mémorial de la Shoah de Drancy)[35]
- Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation (Paris)
- Mémorial de la Shoah (Paris)
- Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation (Paris)
- Memorial to the patients of the Clermont psychiatric ward[36][37]
- Memorial at Gurs internment camp[38]
- Royallieu-Compiègne internment camp memorial[39]
- Camp des Milles memorial (Aix-en-Provence)[40]
- Vélodrome d’Hiver memorial (Paris)[41]
- Memorial Museum to the Children of Vel d'Hiv (Orléans)[42]
- European Centre of Deported Resistance Members and Struthof Museum at the former Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp[43]
Germany
[edit]
- House of the Wannsee Conference [1]
- Jewish Museum Berlin
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Homosexuals Persecuted under the National Socialist Regime (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Sinti and Roma Victims of National Socialism (Berlin)
- Französische Kapelle (Soest)
- Memorial to the Victims of National Socialist 'Euthanasia' Killings (German: Gedenk- und Informationsort für die Opfer der nationalsozialistischen »Euthanasie«-Morde)[44][a]
- Stolperstein – Holocaust memorials all over Germany and in 21 further European countries
- Topf & Söhne – Builders of the Auschwitz Ovens. Museum and Place of Remembrance (Erfurt)
- European Holocaust Memorial (Landsberg am Lech)[47]
- Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site
- Nordenstadt Memorial
- Wollheim Memorial
- Eckerwald Memorial
- KZ-Transport 1945 Memorial
- Angel of Peace (Mannheim)
- Freight Wagon Memorial
- Forced Laborer Memorial Transit, Nuremberg
- European Holocaust Memorial in Landsberg
- Memorial Neuer Börneplatz
- Concentration Camp Memorial Hailfingen-Tailfingen
- Documentation Centre NS Forced Labor
- Memorial in memory of the burning of books, Berlin
- Memorial at the Frankfurt Grossmarkthalle
- Jewish Cemetery (Anklam)
- "Dejudaization Institute" Memorial (Eisenach)
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Hanover
- Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial
- DenkOrt Deportationen 1941-1944
Greece
[edit].jpg)
- The Athens Holocaust Memorial, outside the archaeological site of Kerameikos (Athens)[48]
- Cemetery and Monument for the Victims of the Holocaust – 3rd Cemetery of Athens, Nikea (Piraeus)
- Monument to Young Jews (in memory of young Jews murdered in the Holocaust) – Pafos Square, Athens
- Jewish Museum of Greece – Shoah Exhibit[49] (Athens)
- Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki – Shoah Exhibit[50] (Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia)
- Holocaust Museum of Greece,[51] Thessaloniki (under construction)
- Menorah in flames sculpture commemorating deportation of the Thessaloniki Jews
- Monument of the Victims of the Holocaust in the Jewish Martyrs square[52] (Rhodes)
- Rhodes Jewish Museum[53]
- Holocaust Memorial of Corfu (New Fortress Square, Corfu)
Guatemala
[edit]- Museum of the Holocaust (Guatemala) - Museo del Holocausto in Guatemala city[54]
Hungary
[edit]- Holocaust Memorial Center, Budapest[55]
- Dohány Street Synagogue, Budapest
- Shoes on the Danube Bank, Budapest
- Emanuel Tree in Dohány Street Synagogue, Budapest[56]
Indonesia
[edit]Israel
[edit]
- Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority (Jerusalem)
- Beit Terezin (in Kibbutz Givat Haim (Ihud))
- Ghetto Fighters' House (Kibbutz Lohamei HaGeta'ot)[59]
- Massuah Institute for the Study of the Holocaust (Kibbutz Tel Yitzhak)
- From Holocaust to Revival Museum (Kibbutz Yad Mordechai)[60]
- Bet Ha'Edut Testimony House (Nir Galim)
- Kiryat Białystok Archive and Community Center (Yehud)
- Chamber of the Holocaust (Mount Zion, Jerusalem)
- Ani Ma'amin Holocaust Museum (Jerusalem)
- Forest of the Martyrs (Jerusalem)
- LGBT Memorial to LGBT people persecuted by the Nazis (Tel Aviv)[61]
- The sculpture garden of Holocaust to resurrection (Karmiel)
- Memorial to the Deportation of Jews from France
- Monument to the children in Yad Vashem (Jerusalem)
- Holocaust and Revival Memorial Sculpture, by Igael Tumarkin (Rabin Square, Tel Aviv)
- Anne Frank Children's Human Rights Memorial, Maaleh Adumim[62]
Italy
[edit]Japan
[edit]- Holocaust Education Center (Fukuyama, Hiroshima)[63]
- Tokyo Holocaust Education Resource Center (Tokyo)
- Anne's Rose Church (Nishinomiya, Hyogo)[64]
- Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum (Tsuruga, Fukui)
- Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall
- Auschwitz Peace Museum (Shirakawa, Fukushima)[65]
Latvia
[edit]
- Memorial complex at Rumbula
- Memorial complex at Salaspils
- Museum of Tolerance at the site of Kaiserwald
- Museum "Jews in Latvia"
- Riga Ghetto and Latvian Holocaust museum
Lithuania
[edit]- Holocaust Exhibition at the Vilna Gaon Jewish State Museum (Vilnius)[66]
- Ponary Massacre Memorial (Paneriai)[67]
- Holocaust Memorial in (Šeduva)[68]
- Ninth Fort Museum and Ninth Fort memorial (Kaunas)[69]
- Sugihara House (Kaunas)[70]
- The Green House Holocaust Museum (Vilnius)[71]
Luxembourg
[edit]- Memorial to the victims of the Shoah (Luxembourg City)
- Mémorial de la deportation (Luxembourg City)
Mexico
[edit]Netherlands
[edit]Amsterdam
[edit]- The Anne Frank House, Amsterdam.
- The Auschwitz Monument by Jan Wolkers in the Wertheim Park, Amsterdam.
- The Dockworker Monument, Amsterdam.[72]
- The Dutch National Holocaust Museum, Amsterdam.
- The Hollandsche Schouwburg (Amsterdam).[73]
- The Homomonument, Amsterdam.
- The Joods Historisch Museum, Amsterdam.
- Joods Monument (translated name: Jewish Monument, a memorial website).[74]
- National Holocaust Names Memorial (Holocaust Namenmonument) in Jodenbuurt neighborhood of Amsterdam
Utrecht and Vught
[edit]- Camp Vught National Memorial at Herzogenbusch concentration camp.[75]
- Joods monument (translated name: Jewish Monument) displaying 1200 names near the Railway Museum (former Maliebaan Railway Station), Utrecht.
Westerbork
[edit]- The Westerbork camp and information centre (Westerbork).[76]
- 102,000 Stones Monument (Dutch: De 102.000 stenen) at the former Westerbork transit camp (Dutch: Kamp Westerbork) in Hooghalen, Drenthe, with a stone without a name for each victim.[77]
Amersfoort
[edit]- the polizeiliches durchgangslager Kamp Amersfoort located at the border between Amersfoort and Leusden
New Zealand
[edit]North Macedonia
[edit]Norway
[edit]- Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities (Oslo)
Philippines
[edit]Poland
[edit]- Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, (Oświęcim)
- The Oświęcim Synagogue (Oświęcim)
- Bełżec extermination camp (Bełżec)
- Ghetto Heroes Monument (Warsaw)[79]
- POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews (Warsaw)
- Warsaw Ghetto Museum (Warsaw)
- Eagle Pharmacy (Kraków)
- Lublin Holocaust Memorial
- Radegast train station (Łódź)
- Survivors' Park, (Łódź)
- Treblinka extermination camp (Treblinka)
- Monument to the Memory of Children - Victims of the Holocaust
- Umschlagplatz Monument (Warsaw)
- Memorial in Palmiry
- Museum and Memorial in Sobibór[80]
Portugal
[edit]Romania
[edit]- Holocaust Memorial,[81] Bucharest
- Elie Wiesel Memorial House, Sighetu Marmației[82]
- Memorial to the Victims of the 1941 Pogrom, Bucharest[83]
- Holocaust Memorial, Târgu Mures[84]
- Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum,[85] Şimleu Silvaniei.
- Memorial to the Deported Jews,[86] Oradea
Russia
[edit]- Holocaust Memorial Synagogue, Moscow.
- Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center,[87] Moscow.
- Formula of Sorrow monument,[88][89] Pushkin, Saint Petersburg.
- Memorial plaque to Jewish deportees from Königsberg and East Prussia,[90] Kaliningrad North Railway Station.
- Memorial to the Victims of Fascism,[91] Krasnodar.
- Mass murder site monument,[92] Lyubavichi.
- Ravine of Death memorial stone,[93] Taganrog.
- Palmnicken massacre monument,[94][95] Yantarny, Kaliningrad.
- Monument at Vostryakovo Jewish Cemetery,[96] Moscow.
- Zmievskaya Balka memorial,[97] Rostov-on-Don.
Serbia
[edit]
- Menorah in Flames sculpture (Belgrade)[98]
- Memorial Park Jajinci (Belgrade)
- Banjica concentration camp (Belgrade)
- Jewish Historical Museum (Belgrade)[99]
- Belgrade Museum of Genocide Victims[100]
- Miklós Radnóti memorial (Bor)[101]
- Kladovo transport memorial[102]
- Šumarice Genocide Memorial Park (Kragujevac)[103][104]
- Monument to the victims of the Novi Sad raid[105]
- Bubanj Memorial Park (Niš)
- Crveni Krst concentration camp (Niš)
Slovakia
[edit].jpg)
- Memorial at the Museum of the Slovak National Uprising (Banská Bystrica)[106]
- Holocaust Memorial (Bratislava)[107][108]
- Museum of Jewish Culture (Bratislava)[109][110]
- Holocaust memorial for the Jewish inhabitants of Huncovce[111]
- Holocaust memorial plaque on the synagogue of Košice[112]
- Monument and Memorial to the Slovak National Uprising (Nemecká)[113]
- Memorial to the Victims of the Nováky Forced Labor and Concentration Camp[114]
- Memorial Plaque to the Deported Jews at Poprad Railway Station[115]
- Holocaust Memorial at Prešov synagogue[116]
- Holocaust memorial plaque Prešov town hall[117]
- Sereď Holocaust Museum[118]
- Park of Generous Souls[119]
Slovenia
[edit]South Africa
[edit]
- The Cape Town Holocaust Centre (Cape Town)[121]
- The Durban Holocaust Centre (Durban)[122]
- The Johannesburg Holocaust and Genocide Centre (Johannesburg)[123]
- Memorial to the Six Million at Westpark Cemetery (Johannesburg)[124]
Spain
[edit]- Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust (Madrid)[125]
- Monument to the Victims of the Mauthausen Concentration Camp (Almería)[126]
Suriname
[edit]- Paramaribo Holocaust Memorial Paramaribo[127]
Sweden
[edit]- Swedish Holocaust Museum (Stockholm)
- Monument to the Memory of the Holocaust Victims at the Great Synagogue of Stockholm (Stockholm)[128]
- Storsjöteatern theatre (Östersund)[129]
Taiwan
[edit]Ukraine
[edit]- "Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews of Bakhmut[131]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv[132]
- Memorial to the Roma murdered in the Podusovka forest, near Chernihiv[132]
- Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, Kyiv
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kovel at the Bakhiv forest mass murder site.[133][134][135]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kysylyn at the mass grave site[136]
- Memorials to the murdered Jews of Lutsk[137]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Mariupol[138]
- Memorial to the Jews of Mukachevo[139]
- Holocaust Museum in Odesa[140][141]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[142]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky[143]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ratne at the mass graves site[144][145]
- Memorial site for the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[146]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska[147][148]
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr[149][150]
United Kingdom
[edit]
- Beth Shalom Holocaust Centre (National Holocaust Centre and Museum), Nottinghamshire
- Plaque in the churchyard of the Church of St Michael the Greater, Stamford, Lincolnshire
- Holocaust Centre North, at the University of Huddersfield
- Hyde Park Holocaust Memorial, Hyde Park, London
- Holocaust Exhibition, Imperial War Museum, London
- Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide, London
- (Proposed) UK Holocaust Memorial, London
United States
[edit]Uruguay
[edit]Uzbekistan
[edit]Victory Park, [Tashkent] monument[152] unveiled in May 2022 to honour Uzbeks who assisted Jewish refugees during World War II. It is sculpted by Victory Park. It was created by Uzbeki [Marina Borodina].
The monument is located in the city's Victory Park
See also
[edit]
- Association of Holocaust Organizations
- Culture of Remembrance – Interaction of a group with their past
- Holocaust museum (disambiguation)
- Holocaust victims
- List of Armenian genocide memorials – Armenian genocide memorials
- List of Holodomor memorials and museums – For the great famine of 1932/33 in the Soviet Ukraine
- List of Jewish museums
Notes
[edit]- ^ The German national memorial to the people with disabilities systematically murdered by the Nazis was dedicated in 2014 in Berlin.[45][46] It is located in Berlin in a site next to the Tiergarten park, which is the former location of a villa at Tiergartenstrasse 4 where more than 60 Nazi bureaucrats and doctors worked in secret under the "T4" program to organize the mass murder of sanatorium and psychiatric hospital patients deemed unworthy to live.[46]
References
[edit]- ^ Semini, Llazar (9 July 2020). "Albania, only country with more Jews after the Holocaust, inaugurates memorial". The Times of Israel.
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Further reading
[edit]- Chalmers, J. (2016). "Canadianising the Holocaust: Debating Canada’s National Holocaust Monument." Canadian Jewish Studies Études Juives Canadiennes, 24. https://doi.org/10.25071/1916-0925.39964
- Goldman, Natasha. Memory Passages: Holocaust Memorials in the United States and Germany (Temple University Press, 2022) online book review
- Young, James. E (1993). The texture of memory: Holocaust memorials and meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300059915.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Holocaust memorials.
- Holocaust Memorials — by continents and countries
- Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance
- Global Directory of Holocaust Museums
- Holocaust Memorial Monuments — digital database of Holocaust Memorial Monuments all around the world
- Memorial sites for Sinti and Roma (in German)
- Remembering the Holocaust 24 Hour Museum
- Monuments and Memorials — historical overview
- National Holocaust Memorials — comparison