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Infosys Limited is an Indian multinational technology company that offers information technology, business consulting, and outsourcing services. Founded in 1981 by seven engineers, the company is headquartered in Bengaluru and considered one of the Big Six Indian IT companies.

Key Information

Infosys has also attracted controversies due to allegations of visa and tax fraud in the United States and for creating malfunctioning government websites.

History

[edit]

Infosys was founded by N. R. Narayana Murthy, Nandan Nilekani, Kris Gopalakrishnan, S. D. Shibulal, K. Dinesh, N. S. Raghavan, and Ashok Arora, with an initial capital of $250.[5] It was incorporated as Infosys Consultants Private Limited in Pune on 2 July 1981,[6] before relocating to Bangalore in 1983.[7] Arora left the company in 1989 and sold his shares to the other co-founders.[8]

In the 1980s, Infosys briefly made hardware products like electronic telex machines and keyboard concentrators.[9][10] Its core business of offshore custom software development witnessed growth after the 1991 economic liberalisation of India.[11]

In February 1993, Infosys launched its initial public offering (IPO) with an offer price of ₹95 per share. The IPO was initially undersubscribed but was "bailed out" by US investment bank Morgan Stanley, which acquired a 13% equity stake at the offer price.[12] When trading began in June 1993, the share price opened at ₹145 per share.[13]

Infosys released its banking automation software package Bancs2000 in 1994,[14] middleware architecture product Entark in 1995,[15] and Y2K problem toolset "In2000" a year later.[16] In the mid to late 1990s, Infosys also incubated software product subsidiaries like e-fulfillment and WMS software provider Yantra, and mobile VAS developer OnMobile, which were subsequently spun off and divested.[15]

Infosys listed its American depositary receipts (ADRs) on Nasdaq in March 1999, making it the first Indian company to be listed on Nasdaq.[17] Infosys was then among the top 20 companies by market capitalization on the Nasdaq.[12] The ADR listing was later transferred to NYSE Euronext to provide European investors with better access to the company's shares.[18]

In 1999, Infosys rolled out Finacle, a core banking software suite developed as the successor to Bancs2000.[19][14] The same year, Infosys started its research and innovation arm called SETLabs (later renamed Infosys Labs). In 2004, SETLabs formed an intellectual property (IP) cell; Infosys was reported to be earning about 10% of its total revenue from patent pending IP assets in 2006.[20][21]

In 2002, Infosys created a business process management division called Progeon (now Infosys BPM), with Citigroup taking a minority stake in the venture for $20 million.[22] In 2004, Infosys established a wholly owned consulting subsidiary called Infosys Consulting, based in Fremont, California.[23] In 2006, Infosys bought out Citigroup's entire 23% stake in Progeon for $115 million.[24]

Infosys, Bengaluru

In 2009, Infosys set up a subsidiary, Infosys Public Services, based in Rockville, Maryland, with a focus on federal and state government projects in the US, Canada, and the UK.[25] In 2012, Infosys opened its 18th US office, in Milwaukee, primarily to serve Harley-Davidson; the company also announced having hired over 1,200 employees in the US in 2011 and an additional 2,000 employees in 2012.[26]

In July 2014, Infosys established an enterprise software products subsidiary named EdgeVerve Systems, with products in business operations, customer service, procurement, and commerce network domains.[27] In August 2015, Infosys transferred assets of Finacle to EdgeVerve Systems.[28]

In 2015, Infosys launched the $500 million Infosys Innovation Fund to invest in early-stage startups focused on emerging and deep tech,[29] including a $250 million allocation for Indian startups.[30]

In 2018, Infosys formed a Singapore-based 60:40 joint venture with Temasek Holdings known as Infosys Compaz (iCompaz), serving clients in the Southeast Asian markets.[31][32]

On 24 August 2021, Infosys became the fourth Indian company to achieve a market capitalization of US$100 billion.[33]

Services and products

[edit]

Infosys offers software development, maintenance, and independent validation services across industries such as finance, insurance, manufacturing, among others.[34] Through its subsidiary Infosys Consulting, it provides consulting services in digital experience, cloud,[35] data analytics, artificial intelligence, engineering,[36] and sustainability.[37] Its subsidiary Infosys BPM provides outsourcing services for business processes such as finance, procurement, customer service, and HR.[38]

Infosys offers digital products and platforms for digital transformation, including digital banking software Finacle, application delivery platform Panaya, digital commerce platform Infosys Equinox, workplace platform Infosys Meridian, and customer engagement platform Infosys Cortex.[39][40] It also provides sets of services and platforms in domains such as cloud with Cobalt,[41] generative AI with Topaz,[42] and AI marketing with Aster.[43]

Acquisitions

[edit]
See also: Infosys BPM § Acquisitions
Name Based in Acquisition cost Acquisition date Business
Expert Information Services Australia $23 million Dec 2003[44] IT services
Gen-i Software New Zealand Undisclosed Jun 2011[45] Software consulting
Lodestone Holding Switzerland $345 million Sep 2012[46] Management consultancy
Panaya Israel $200 million Mar 2015[47] Automation technology
Skava (Kallidus) United States $120 million Apr 2015[48] Digital experience solutions
Noah Consulting United States $70 million Nov 2015[49] Information management consulting services
Skytree United States Undisclosed Apr 2017[50] Machine learning
Brilliant Basics United Kingdom £7.5 million Aug 2017[51] Product design and customer experience
Fluido Oy Finland €65 million Oct 2018[52] Salesforce advisor and consulting partner
WongDoody United States $75 million Jan 2019[53] Advertising and creative strategy services
Stater N.V. Netherlands €127.5 million Apr 2019[54] Mortgage services
Simplus United States $250 million Feb 2020[55] Salesforce consulting
Kaleidoscope United States $42 million Sep 2020[56] Product design and development
GuideVision Czech Republic €30 million Sep 2020[57] ServiceNow partner
Blue Acorn iCi United States $125 million Oct 2020[58] Digital transformation
Carter Digital Australia Undisclosed Jan 2021[59] Design agency
Oddity Germany €50 million Mar 2022[60] Digital marketing
BASE life science Denmark €110 million Jul 2022[61] Life science consulting and technology
InSemi India ₹280 crore Jan 2024[62] Semiconductor design services
in-tech Germany €450 million Apr 2024[63] Engineering R&D services
MRE Consulting United States $36 million Apr 2025[64] Consulting
The Missing Link Australia A$98 million Apr 2025[64] Cybersecurity and cloud services

Listing and shareholding pattern

[edit]
Main block in the Chennai campus

In India, Infosys shares are listed on the BSE, where it is a part of the BSE SENSEX, and on the NSE, where it is included in the NIFTY 50 index.[65] Infosys also trades its shares through American depositary receipts (ADRs) on the New York Stock Exchange.[66]

Over the years, the shareholding of Infosys's promoters has steadily decreased. This trend began in June 1993, when Infosys first listed its shares on the BSE. The promoter shareholding further declined when Infosys instated employee stock option scheme in 1993 and listed ADRs on Nasdaq on 11 March 1999.[17] The Life Insurance Corporation of India is the biggest shareholder in Infosys[67].

A building in Thiruvananthapuram campus
Infosys shareholding and stakeholders pattern (as of 31 March 2024)[68]
Shareholders Shareholding
Promoters group 14.61%
Foreign institutional investors (FII) 32.74%
Domestic institutional investors (DII) 37.59%
Public 14.81%
Others  0.25%
Total 100.00%

Operations

[edit]

Geographical presence

[edit]
Glass building in Pune campus

As of 31 March 2024, Infosys operates 94 sales and marketing offices and 139 development centers globally. The company's operations are spread across key regions, including India, the United States, Canada, China, Australia, Japan, the Middle East, and Europe.[69]

In the fiscal year 2023-24, Infosys generated approximately 61% of its revenue from North America, 25% from Europe, 3% from India, and 11% from other regions, including the Middle East, Australia, and Japan.[70]

Infosys faced scrutiny over its continued operations in Moscow following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. The company clarified that it had no active business with Russian firms.[71][72] By November 2022, only administrative staff remained, handling the transfer of contracts to other contractors.[73]

Training centre in Mysore

[edit]
The Development Centre on the Mysore campus

As the world's largest corporate university, the Infosys Global Education Centre, located on a 337-acre[74] campus in Mysore, features 400 instructors and over 200 classrooms.[75] Established in 2002, it had trained approximately 125,000 engineering graduates by June 2015.[75] The centre can accommodate and train up to 14,000 employees at any given time across various technologies.[76][77]

The Infosys Leadership Institute (ILI), located in Mysore, trains approximately 4,000 trainees annually.[77] Its primary objective is to cultivate and develop senior leaders within Infosys, preparing them for both current and future executive roles.

Employees

[edit]

As of 31 March 2024, Infosys employed a total of 317,240 people, commonly referred to as "Infoscions," with 39.3% of them being women.[78] In 2023, 85% of Infosys' employees were located in India.

Starting mid-2015, Infosys did away with its dress code, allowing jeans and casual clothes every day. This change is noticeable because, since 2008, a formal dress code—including a tie for males twice a week—had been mandatory at the company.[79][80]

CEOs

[edit]

From its establishment in 1981 until 2014, Infosys' CEOs were its founders, with N. R. Narayana Murthy leading the company for the initial 21 years. Vishal Sikka was the first external CEO, serving for approximately three years.[81] Sikka resigned in August 2017. Following his departure, UB Pravin Rao was appointed as Interim CEO and Managing Director of the company.[82] Infosys appointed Salil Parekh as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Managing Director (MD), effective from 2 January 2018.[83]

List of CEOs
Name Period
N. R. Narayana Murthy 1981 to March 2002
Nandan Nilekani March 2002 to April 2007
Kris Gopalakrishnan April 2007 to August 2011
S. D. Shibulal August 2011 to July 2014
Vishal Sikka August 2014 to August 2017
U. B. Pravin Rao (interim) August 2017 to December 2017[82]
Salil Parekh January 2018 onwards[83]

Controversies

[edit]

Settlement of visa and tax fraud cases in the US

[edit]

In 2011, Infosys was accused of visa fraud for using B-1 (visitor) visas for work that required H-1B (work) visas. The allegations originated from an internal complaint by an American employee of Infosys, who subsequently filed a lawsuit against the company, claiming harassment and marginalization after raising the issue. Although the lawsuit was dismissed,[84] along with another similar case,[85][86][87] these allegations were brought to the attention of U.S. authorities, leading to investigations by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and a federal grand jury.[88]

In October 2013, Infosys agreed to settle the civil suit with U.S. authorities by paying $34 million. While the company did not admit guilt, it stated that it settled to avoid the complications of "prolonged litigation".[89] Infosys asserted that, "As reflected in the settlement, Infosys denies and disputes any claims of systemic visa fraud, misuse of visas for competitive advantage, or immigration abuse. Those claims are untrue and are assertions that remain unproven."[90]

In December 2019, Infosys reached an $800,000 settlement with the State of California in a visa and tax fraud case. Between 2006 and 2017, nearly 500 Infosys employees were found to be working in the state on Infosys-sponsored B-1 visas instead of the required H-1B visas, enabling the company to avoid paying California payroll taxes, including unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and employment training taxes.[91][92][93][94]

Malfunctioning government portals

[edit]

In 2013, technical issues emerged after Infosys took over the MCA21 portal from Tata Consultancy Services.[95][96] Similar problems arose in 2016 after a system migration and version update.[97][98]

In 2020, the finance ministry identified glitches in the GSTN portal, leading to a summons for Infosys executives.[99][100] In 2022, chartered accountants and tax professionals raised concerns over technical issues with the GSTN portal.[101][102]

In 2021, the newly launched Income Tax portal, developed by Infosys, encountered multiple glitches. Despite a summons for Infosys CEO Salil Parekh, the issues remained unresolved for months, forcing an extension of the tax filing deadline.[103][104] In 2022, users continued to report malfunctions and issues on the first anniversary of the portal's launch.[105][106][107]

Tracking software

[edit]

It was reported in late 2013 that Infosys’ plan to install software to track the actual time staff spent on their computers caused resentment among employees.[108]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Infosys

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia

is an Indian specializing in consulting, services, and , with a focus on and next-generation technologies. Founded in by a group of engineers in with an initial capital of US$250, the company is headquartered in Bengaluru and employs 337,034 people worldwide as of December 31, 2025. As a NYSE-listed entity, Infosys serves clients across 59 countries, delivering solutions in , , and to industries including , , and retail. In the ending March 2025, it achieved of approximately US$19.3 billion, reflecting steady growth amid global IT demand, though it has encountered scrutiny over past visa practices and internal disputes that tested its transitions.

History

Founding and Initial Operations

Infosys Consultants Private Limited was incorporated on July 2, 1981, in , , by seven engineers led by . The founding team included Murthy, , S. Gopalakrishnan, , K. Dinesh, Ashok Arora, and , who pooled an initial capital of US$250, primarily borrowed from their spouses, to launch a software services firm amid 's nascent IT landscape. This modest start reflected the era's constraints, including limited domestic demand for software exports and regulatory hurdles under 's License Raj, which prioritized self-reliance over global trade. Initial operations centered on development and maintenance, with the company targeting U.S. clients to leverage time-zone and lower labor costs—a model that differentiated it from hardware-focused Indian firms. Infosys secured its first significant contract with Data Basics Corporation, a New York-based software firm, enabling early revenue from offshore services despite challenges like unreliable infrastructure and . By 1983, to capitalize on Bangalore's emerging tech ecosystem and proximity to engineering talent, the headquarters relocated there, marking a pivot toward scalable operations while retaining a lean team of fewer than 10 employees. This period laid the groundwork for Infosys's emphasis on quality-driven processes, as the founders implemented basic quality controls to build credibility in competitive Western markets.

Expansion and IPO Era

In 1983, Infosys relocated its operations from Pune to Bangalore, securing its first major international client, Data Basics Corporation of the , for outsourced . This move capitalized on Bangalore's emerging status as India's technology hub, enabling the company to focus on software exports and build a foundation in custom development, maintenance, and early systems integration services. Throughout the , Infosys established itself as a reliable domestic IT provider, gradually expanding its client base amid India's nascent , though revenues remained modest in the low millions of dollars annually. The 1990s marked accelerated expansion, fueled by India's 1991 economic liberalization, which eased and boosted demand for offshore software services. Infosys benefited from the global Y2K remediation boom and rising adoption, achieving a compounded annual growth rate of approximately 65%, with revenues surging from $5 million to $754 million over the decade. The company opened initial offices in the United States and to support growing international clients, increasing its employee headcount and shifting toward scalable offshore models that emphasized cost efficiency and quality certifications. In February 1993, Infosys conducted its (IPO) on Indian stock exchanges, issuing shares at ₹95 each for a total of ₹130 , which listed in June at ₹145 per share after initial undersubscription was rescued by investments. The IPO proceeds enabled further investments, talent acquisition, and global outreach, propelling post-listing revenue growth, including a 73% year-over-year increase to $68.33 million by fiscal 1998. This era solidified Infosys's transition from a startup to a prominent player in India's IT export sector, setting the stage for NASDAQ listing in 1999.

Modern Growth and Leadership Transitions

Following the leadership handovers among its founders, Infosys sustained strong expansion in the 2000s, with revenue achieving a compound annual growth rate of 41% from $545 million in 2000 to $2.16 billion by 2006. Nandan Nilekani served as CEO from March 2002 to April 2007, followed by Kris Gopalakrishnan from April 2007 to October 2011, and S.D. Shibulal from October 2011 to July 2014, during which the company crossed INR 50,000 crore in annual revenue. This period emphasized scaling global delivery capabilities and client acquisition in North America and Europe, contributing to Infosys becoming one of India's largest IT exporters. By 2013, amid slowing revenue growth amid industry-wide pressures, the board recalled founder as non-executive chairman to guide recovery and large-deal wins. In August 2014, Infosys appointed , formerly of , as its first non-founder CEO and managing director, aiming to accelerate innovation through investments in digital technologies and platforms. Sikka's tenure, however, faced governance scrutiny, including whistleblower allegations of irregularities in vendor contracts and disputes over , such as high severance for former CFO Rajiv Bansal and Sikka's own pay package. Sikka resigned in August 2017, citing a "continuous drumbeat of distractions" exacerbated by public criticisms from Murthy on lapses and ethical concerns. served as interim CEO until January 2018, when , a veteran, was appointed CEO and managing director for a five-year term, later extended. Under , Infosys refocused on core IT services, , and operational efficiency, driving to INR 100,000 in FY21 and approximately $19.3 billion in FY25. This stabilization yielded consistent mid-single-digit annual growth, with Q1 FY26 revenues showing 3.8% year-over-year increase in constant currency terms.

Business Model and Offerings

Core Services and Consulting

Infosys' core services primarily consist of application development and , infrastructure management, and offerings, which enable clients to modernize legacy systems, integrate technologies, and enhance operational efficiency. These services form the foundation of the company's IT model, supporting end-to-end business solutions across sectors such as , , and healthcare. The consulting division, , established in 2004, delivers management and advisory to facilitate organizational reinvention and growth. It employs over 3,000 consultants, 60% of whom hold master's degrees, operating from global hubs in 13 cities across 19 countries and serving more than 200 active clients. Key offerings include enterprise change consulting for workforce strategies, consulting for system reinvention, operations consulting for redefinition, and consulting for transformation, and consulting for cost efficiencies. Infosys Consulting integrates cutting-edge tools and best practices, with quarterly specialized training for its workforce, to drive innovation in areas like digital process re-engineering and . This approach emphasizes causal links between adoption and measurable outcomes, such as reduced operational risks and accelerated . Digital services within the core portfolio extend to experience design, strategies, analytics, and cybersecurity, often bundled with consulting to address client-specific modernization needs. Infrastructure services complement these by focusing on transformation, optimization, , and workplace enablement.

Products, Platforms, and AI Initiatives

Infosys offers a range of proprietary software products focused on , particularly in , through its wholly-owned EdgeVerve Systems. The flagship product, Finacle, is a solution launched in 1999 that provides comprehensive capabilities, including process and ecosystem integration, serving over 1 billion end-customers across more than 100 countries with 1.3 billion accounts. Other notable products include AssistEdge for and TradeEdge for , which leverage AI to streamline enterprise processes and enable digital capabilities. The company also maintains digital platforms to support application management, , and productivity. , an enterprise agile delivery platform acquired and integrated since 2008, facilitates cloud-based testing and accelerates application changes for , adopted by over 2,000 organizations including a third of 500. powers digital and with adaptive, human-centric experiences. Infosys Meridian, part of the broader offerings, serves as a live enterprise platform enhancing remote collaboration and productivity. Infosys provides data modernization services through its Data Analytics and Cloud Cobalt offerings, focusing on optimizing legacy data ecosystems by consolidating data marts and warehouses to reduce complexity and costs, transforming to cloud-based Data Lakes and Hubs for faster processing and insights, and digitizing processes with Infosys Nia for self-service analytics including drag-and-drop interfaces and text analytics. Database migration and modernization services automate transitions to Google Cloud platforms such as Cloud SQL, AlloyDB, and NoSQL, utilizing ML-based automation and parallel migrations. Infosys claims these services enable scaling data capacity up to 100 times while reducing latency and costs to 1/100th, facilitating real-time insights and data monetization. The company was recognized as a Leader in The Forrester Wave™: Data Management Service Providers, Q4 2021, with strengths in data cloud migration, governance, and business transformation outcomes. In AI initiatives, Infosys emphasizes scalable, responsible AI deployment via Infosys Topaz, an AI-first suite introduced in 2023 that incorporates over 12,000 AI assets, 150 pre-trained models, and multiple specialized platforms to integrate generative AI, agentic AI, and for business reinvention. Topaz supports poly-AI flexibility, allowing clients to use custom models alongside Infosys's ecosystem, and focuses on ethical AI . Complementary offerings include Infosys Superbot for process and a Conversational AI Suite for human-like interactions, integrated with and services. In May , Infosys launched over 200 enterprise AI agents under Topaz in partnership with Google Cloud, enabling autonomous workflows in areas like testing and operations. EdgeVerve's AI Next platform further advances agentic AI for operations and service management, unveiled in to orchestrate end-to-end enterprise transformations. These efforts align with Infosys's strategy to embed AI across industries, including NVIDIA-enabled small language models for banking and IT operations launched earlier in . In January 2026, Infosys announced a strategic partnership with Cognition to deploy the AI software engineer Devin across its internal engineering teams and client projects, integrating with Infosys Topaz Fabric for AI-driven engineering automation and modernization.

Revenue Streams and Client Base

Infosys primarily generates revenue through fees charged for services, including consulting, application development and maintenance, management, and . The company also earns from sales and licensing of products and platforms, such as Finacle for and Nia for AI-driven automation. In 2024, total revenue reached $18.56 billion, with software services forming the dominant stream at approximately $17.55 billion, while products and platforms contributed $1.01 billion or 5.46% of the total. Within services, offerings—encompassing cloud migration, AI implementation, and cybersecurity—have driven growth, reflecting client demand for modernization amid technological shifts. Traditional IT outsourcing remains a core, stable component, though its share has declined relative to higher-margin digital and consulting engagements. follows contract terms, with fixed-price projects using percentage-of-completion methods and time-and-materials billing based on hours worked. The client base consists of large enterprises and Fortune-ranked companies across industries, with and as the largest vertical, contributing about 26-30% of through engagements in , , and compliance systems. Manufacturing, retail, and sectors follow, benefiting from and platforms. Infosys maintains over 1,800 active clients globally in more than 50 countries, emphasizing long-term contracts with multinational firms rather than one-off projects. No single client accounts for more than 5% of , reducing dependency risks.

Corporate Expansion

Key Acquisitions

Infosys has strategically pursued acquisitions to bolster its competencies in digital engineering, consulting, cybersecurity, and sector-specific expertise, integrating over 26 companies since the early to accelerate capabilities in high-growth areas like , AI, and industry-specific solutions. These moves have often targeted firms with specialized talent and , enabling Infosys to expand its client base in , automotive, sciences, and while enhancing its global footprint, particularly in , , and . One of the largest acquisitions occurred on September 10, 2012, when Infosys purchased Holding AG, a Switzerland-based firm, for $349 million, which strengthened its European consulting operations and added expertise in strategy and transformation services. In February 2015, Infosys acquired , an Israel-based provider of cloud-based application testing and management tools, for $230 million, aiming to improve software delivery efficiency for enterprise clients. That same year, on April 27, Infosys bought Skava Systems, an India-headquartered digital commerce platform developer, for $120 million, to advance its mobile and omnichannel offerings. Also in 2015, the acquisition of Consulting LLC on October 19 for $70 million brought specialized consulting for the and gas sector, expanding Infosys' portfolio. More recent deals reflect a focus on engineering R&D and cybersecurity. On January 11, 2024, Infosys acquired InSemi Technology Services, an India-based firm, for ₹2.8 billion (approximately $34 million), incorporating over 900 engineers to support its chip-to-cloud . In April 2024, the company purchased in-tech, a German engineering R&D services provider for automotive and rail sectors, adding about 2,200 professionals to enhance and mobility solutions. In 2025, Infosys announced multiple acquisitions on April 17, including MRE Consulting, a U.S.-based trading and firm in , for $36 million, to deepen expertise in commodities and ; and The Missing Link, an Australian cybersecurity services provider, for A$98 million (about $64 million), bolstering regional security operations. On August 14, 2025, Infosys acquired a majority stake in Versent Group, an Australian IT firm, for approximately $153 million, further expanding and digital infrastructure services in the region. These acquisitions underscore Infosys' inorganic growth approach amid competitive pressures in IT services, though integration challenges and deal valuations have occasionally drawn scrutiny from analysts regarding .

Strategic Partnerships and Joint Ventures

Infosys maintains an extensive network of strategic partnerships with leading technology providers to integrate advanced capabilities in areas such as , , and . These alliances, listed on its official partnerships page, include collaborations with , , Cisco, Google Cloud, , , , and , enabling co-developed solutions that accelerate client digital transformations and reduce implementation risks. A longstanding with , exceeding 20 years as of 2025, embeds Infosys within Microsoft's ecosystem to deliver Microsoft Cloud services, including Azure-based AI and analytics platforms. Joint ventures represent a targeted approach for market expansion, particularly in regions. In 2018, Infosys established HIPUS Co., Ltd., in through a collaboration with , Ltd., Corporation, and Pasona Inc., acquiring an 81% stake in Hitachi's procurement subsidiary to enhance platforms and efficiency for Japanese enterprises. This venture expanded in April 2025 when invested, bolstering Infosys' operational footprint and service capabilities in Japan's industrial sector. Another key joint venture, announced on August 13, 2025, involves in , where Infosys acquired a 75% stake in Versent Group—granting operational control—to form an AI-enabled entity focused on cloud migration, digital engineering, and telecommunications infrastructure. This builds on a prior 2024 multi-year collaboration between the firms for and IT modernization. Earlier, in September 2018, Infosys formed a 60:40 with in , branded as Infosys Compaz, integrating Temasek's Trusted Source operations to provide compliance, , and digital services to Southeast Asian financial institutions. Recent strategic partnerships emphasize AI-driven operational improvements. In 2025, Infosys signed a 10-year alliance with Inc. to deploy the Infosys Topaz AI Suite across its IT landscape, aiming to streamline , , and processes for enhanced productivity. Similarly, a 2025 extension with Swiss telecom focuses on AI-powered IT transformation to build agile, secure foundations. In January 2026, Infosys announced a strategic collaboration with Cognition, the developer of Devin, described as the first AI software engineer, to deploy it across internal engineering teams and global client engagements, integrating with Infosys Topaz Fabric to accelerate software engineering automation and modernization. These initiatives align with Infosys' broader strategy of leveraging partner ecosystems for scalable, industry-specific innovations without diluting core competencies.

Financial Overview

Listing, Shareholding, and Market Performance

Infosys launched its (IPO) in February 1993 at ₹95 per share and listed on the (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) in on June 14, 1993, with trading commencing at ₹145 per share. The company also issued American Depositary Shares (ADS) in 1999, initially listed on the before shifting to the (NYSE) in 2012 under the ticker INFY. As of September 30, 2025, Infosys's shareholding pattern reflects low promoter ownership at 14.30%, comprising shares held by founders and their families, with no pledged shares. Foreign institutional investors (FIIs) hold 30.08%, domestic institutional investors (DIIs) 41.39%, and the public (retail and others) approximately 14.23%. Among major institutional holders, the Life Insurance Corporation of India owns 9.75% (403.86 million shares), , Inc. 4.83%, and SBI Funds Management Limited 4.04%.
CategoryPercentageShares (approx.)
Promoters14.30%54.20
FIIs30.08%113.99
DIIs41.39%156.88
Public/Retail14.23%53.89
Data as of September 2025 quarter-end. As of February 2026, Infosys's stood at approximately $62 billion USD (₹5.55 trillion INR), amid broader IT sector pressures and macroeconomic headwinds. The NSE share price last traded at ₹1,369.10, down from a previous close of ₹1,386.00, with an open of ₹1,293.90, day's range ₹1,281.50 - ₹1,377.30, and volume of 45,783,961 shares (data delayed as of approximately 3:30 PM IST). The 52-week range is ₹1,282 to ₹1,862. Following Q2 FY2026 results announced on October 17, 2025—reporting of ₹44,490 (up year-over-year) and net profit of ₹7,365 —the dipped 2% in reaction, despite beating estimates on deal wins and margins. Longer-term, the has delivered compounded returns of around 15-20% over the past , driven by consistent growth in digital services, though recent performance reflects caution on global spending slowdowns. Infosys exhibited rapid revenue expansion during the 2000s, driven by the global IT outsourcing boom, with annual revenues growing from $380 million USD in 2000 (ending March 31, 2000) to $4.06 billion USD by 2010, reflecting a exceeding 30% in peak periods. This growth moderated in the amid maturing markets and , yet revenues continued to rise steadily to $13.56 billion USD by 2021, supported by diversification into consulting and digital services. Post-COVID recovery marked a resurgence, with revenues surging 20.3% year-over-year to $16.31 billion USD in 2022, before stabilizing at 1.9-3.9% annual growth through 2025 amid macroeconomic headwinds and currency fluctuations. Net profits tracked revenue trends closely, maintaining operating margins typically between 20% and 25%, though recent years saw slight compression to around 16-20% due to investments in talent and deal ramp-ups. In 2021, net income stood at $2.61 billion USD, climbing to $2.96 billion USD the following year before edging to $3.16 billion USD in 2025, with a minor 0.3% decline from the prior year attributed to higher operating expenses. In Indian rupees, consolidated net profit reached 26,713 in 2025 (ending March 31, 2025), up marginally from 26,233 in 2024, underscoring resilience despite subdued revenue growth. The following table summarizes key historical metrics in USD millions (fiscal years ending March 31):
Revenue Growth (YoY)Net Income Growth (YoY)
202113,5612,6136.1%12.1%
202216,3112,96320.3%13.4%
202318,2122,98111.7%0.6%
202418,5623,1671.9%6.2%
202519,2773,1583.9%-0.3%
Overall, Infosys's financial trajectory highlights sustained profitability amid cyclical IT demand, with long-term earnings growth averaging 5.5% annually, lagging slightly behind industry peers due to margin pressures from wage inflation and geopolitical factors.

Recent Financial Metrics and Shareholder Actions

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2026 (ended September 30, 2025), Infosys reported consolidated revenue of ₹42,279 crore, reflecting a 7.5% year-over-year increase from ₹39,315 crore in the prior-year period. Net profit attributable to shareholders rose 13% to ₹7,364 crore from ₹6,506 crore, driven by operational efficiencies and deal wins, with operating profit at ₹9,353 crore and an operating margin of 21.0%. These results exceeded analyst expectations for revenue, which were around ₹44,008 crore on a sequential basis, amid moderating U.S. demand but growth in generative AI services.
MetricQ2 FY26 (₹ crore)YoY Change
Revenue42,279+7.5%
Operating Profit9,353N/A
Net Profit7,364+13%
21.0%Stable
On October 16, 2025, following the quarterly results announcement, Infosys declared an interim of ₹23 per equity share, payable to shareholders on record as of October 27, 2025, with payout on November 7, 2025. This follows a final of ₹22 per share recommended in 2025 for FY25. In September 2025, the board approved a ₹18,000 share buyback program, authorizing the repurchase of up to 10 equity shares (2.41% of total issued capital) at ₹1,800 per share via the route, with promoters opting out to prioritize non-promoter shareholders. The record date for eligibility aligns with October 27, 2025, positioning the buyback at a premium to the then-market price of approximately ₹1,524 per share as of October 24, 2025. This initiative aims to enhance shareholder value amid stable cash reserves, with shares trading around ₹1,525-₹1,528 in late October 2025, reflecting a modest decline of 0.2-0.3% on October 24.

Global Operations

Geographical Footprint and Offices

Infosys is headquartered in Bengaluru, , , where its primary campus serves as the central hub for operations and innovation. The company maintains extensive facilities in India, including major development centers in cities such as , Hyderabad, , , , and Mangalore, supporting software engineering, training, and research activities. As of fiscal year 2025, Infosys and its subsidiaries operate 292 locations across 59 countries, reflecting a strategic expansion to serve global clients. In , Infosys has a significant footprint, with offices and development centers in the United States (including featured locations in ; ; and ), , , , and other countries, catering to its largest revenue market. hosts operations in nations like the , , , and the , with hubs in cities such as and focused on consulting and delivery services. The Asia-Pacific region includes key sites in , , , and , alongside the core Indian network, while presence in the and covers countries like the and . This global distribution enables Infosys to align local talent and infrastructure with client needs, with over 94 sales and marketing offices and 139 development centers reported as of March 2024, though updated figures indicate broader reach. The expansion has grown from 220 locations in 46 countries in 2020 to the current scale, driven by acquisitions and organic growth.

Workforce Composition and Training Programs

As of March 31, 2025, Infosys employed 323,578 individuals globally, marking an increase of 6,338 employees or 2% from the prior fiscal year. The workforce features 39.5% women, with the company targeting 45% female representation by 2030 to enhance gender diversity. Employees hail from 154 nationalities across more than 60 countries, reflecting a multinational composition, though the majority operate from India in line with the firm's offshore service model. Infosys maintains the Global Education Center in Mysore, India, as its principal facility for onboarding and skill development, with capacity for over 10,000 trainees simultaneously. The Foundation Program, conducted there, equips fresh graduates with corporate readiness through curricula spanning more than 45 technology domains, such as , analytics, and applications. This intensive training transforms engineering recruits into deployable professionals, emphasizing practical and technical proficiency. Beyond entry-level initiatives, Infosys offers ongoing development avenues including the Bridge Program for lateral career shifts with combined and internships, Infosys for digital reskilling in areas like AI and accessible to employees and external learners, and targeted upskilling in generative AI to align with enterprise demands. The firm logs an average of 71.35 hours per employee annually, supporting sustained competency in evolving IT services. Specialized programs like Restart with Infosys facilitate re-entry for career hiatus takers, while internships such as InStep provide and project exposure.

Executive Leadership

Salil Parekh has served as and Managing Director of Infosys since January 2, 2018, leading the company's strategic shift toward digital services, , and AI-driven solutions amid global market expansions. His tenure was extended by the board for an additional five years effective July 1, 2022, through March 2027, following revenue growth to approximately ₹1,57,700 (US$19 billion) in fiscal year 2022. , previously a partner at for over two decades, reports directly to the board and oversees operations across Infosys's global delivery model. Nandan M. Nilekani, co-founder of Infosys in 1981, holds the position of non-executive Chairman of the Board, providing oversight on governance and long-term strategy while chairing key committees such as nominations. Nilekani's prior roles include CEO from 2002 to 2007 and co-chairman until 2017, during which Infosys achieved significant growth; he maintains influence through his stake and advisory input on innovation initiatives. The includes members such as Lead D. Sundaram, a former managing director at TVS Capital Funds, and Chitra Nayak, an with expertise in banking and , ensuring diversified oversight on , and compliance matters. Jayesh Sanghrajka serves as Executive Vice President and Group Chief Financial Officer since October 2023, managing financial reporting, , and capital allocation for Infosys's US$20 billion revenue base as of fiscal 2025. The executive committee, comprising sector heads like Anand Swaminathan (EVP and Global Head of Communications, Media & Technology) and others focused on delivery and operations, supports in executing regional strategies and client engagements across 50+ countries. This structure emphasizes functional expertise over siloed hierarchies, with compensation tied to performance metrics including revenue growth and client satisfaction scores.

Innovations and Sustainability

Research and Development Efforts

Infosys allocates resources to (R&D) primarily to advance its IT services, solutions, and digital platforms, with a focus on emerging technologies such as (AI), , and industry-specific applications. In the fiscal year ending March 2023, the company's R&D expenditures peaked at 10.597 billion Indian rupees, representing approximately 0.7% of revenues, reflecting a service-oriented model where internal supports client-facing tools rather than standalone product development. The firm maintains a global network of over 94 development centers, which facilitate R&D activities including prototyping and technology incubation. Central to these efforts is the Infosys Center for Emerging Technology Solutions (iCETS), which oversees the Living Labs program—a collaborative framework for contextualizing emerging technologies like AI and blockchain into client-specific solutions through rapid prototyping and co-innovation. Recent expansions underscore Infosys's emphasis on geographic diversification in R&D infrastructure. On October 25, 2024, the company unveiled an expanded in London's district to accelerate enterprise-level innovation in digital services. In July 2025, Infosys launched an Enterprise Innovation Lab in Dusseldorf, Germany, dedicated to solutions, with outputs accessible via its 12+ global Living Labs network. Strategic acquisitions and partnerships bolster these capabilities. In April 2024, Infosys acquired in-tech, a Germany-based R&D provider specializing in automotive software, to enhance its European footprint and expertise in software-defined vehicles. Earlier, in December 2020, Infosys partnered with Rolls-Royce to establish a Digital Innovation Centre for civil R&D, focusing on services and digital . Infosys applies R&D to sector-specific platforms, such as AI-driven tools for life sciences clinical development and , and systems for chemical manufacturing R&D centers to streamline global workflows. In July 2025, the company hosted a forum titled "India as the R&D Powerhouse," convening industry and academic leaders to explore 's contributions to global innovation ecosystems. Independent assessments, such as HFS 's 2025 report, position Infosys as a leader in R&D services, citing its capabilities in AI integration and sustainable innovation for client labs.

Technological Advancements and AI Focus

Infosys has prioritized in , allocating ₹850 to R&D in 2025, an increase from ₹695 the prior year, to bolster capabilities in , , and . The company integrates these technologies through platforms like Infosys , which facilitates generative AI adoption for enterprise-scale applications, including and . Acquisitions such as InSemi in 2022 have enhanced R&D in AI, , and design, enabling customized solutions for clients in and . In AI specifically, Infosys launched the Responsible AI Suite in October 2023, featuring tools for scanning, designing, and governing AI systems to mitigate risks like and ethical concerns. By fiscal year 2025, the firm completed over 400 generative AI projects across industries, leveraging prebuilt small models tailored for sectors like and healthcare. To support this, Infosys upskilled 270,000 employees in AI technologies during the same period, emphasizing practical over theoretical development. Infosys' AI strategy extends to partnerships, including investments in Oracle's AI announced in October 2025, with Infosys committing resources to expand AI platforms amid growing demand for scalable . The company also publishes frameworks like the "Top 10 AI Imperatives for 2025," advocating for inclusive development, transparency, and ethical in AI deployment. These efforts position Infosys as a service provider focused on client outcomes rather than invention, with large deals in AI-driven consolidation totaling $3.8 billion in net new wins by mid-2025.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability

Infosys channels its corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts primarily through the , a not-for-profit entity established to implement projects in , healthcare, , women , and environmental , as outlined in its CSR policy updated April 17, 2025. The foundation's initiatives align with India's Companies Act requirements, mandating 2% of average net profits over the preceding three years be allocated to CSR, with activities executed directly or via partnerships. In 2023-24 (ending March 31, 2024), Infosys spent ₹455.67 on CSR projects in , part of a global total exceeding ₹577 , focusing on skilling programs, , and community infrastructure. This expenditure supported over 100 projects, including digital literacy drives like the Computers@Classrooms program, which has donated 2,567 computers to educational institutions since its launch in January 1999. Key CSR domains include and skills development, with investments in STEM and vocational programs reaching underserved communities; for instance, the foundation funded scholarships and upgrades in rural schools during FY24. Healthcare initiatives emphasized preventive care and access in remote areas, such as mobile clinics and facilities, while women efforts targeted and drives. Environmental CSR overlaps with broader , funding and in drought-prone regions. The CSR committee oversees annual action plans, such as the FY 2025-26 blueprint prioritizing sustained livelihoods through and eco-rehabilitation projects. On sustainability, Infosys achieved carbon neutrality across all emission scopes in FY20 (ending March 31, 2020) via energy efficiency, designs, and procurement, maintaining this status through FY24. The company sourced 44% of its energy needs from renewables in recent reporting periods and reduced its carbon emissions footprint by 43% since 2008, per self-reported metrics in the ESG Report 2023-24. Water management includes 100% and reuse of wastewater at campuses, alongside zero-discharge goals, contributing to net-positive water ambitions by 2030 under the ESG Vision 2030 framework. Waste efforts target zero diversion, with comprehensive protocols; the firm also pledged net-zero emissions by 2040, integrating AI-driven tools for emission tracking and decarbonization. These measures, detailed in the Infosys ESG Report 2024-25 released May 31, 2025, emphasize operational efficiencies over offsets, though third-party verification of long-term impacts remains limited to standard audits.

Controversies and Criticisms

In October 2013, Infosys agreed to pay $34 million to settle civil allegations by the U.S. Department of Justice of systemic , including the misuse of B-1 business visitor visas to perform work requiring H-1B specialty occupation visas, marking the largest such -related civil settlement at the time. The U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of claimed Infosys submitted false documentation and LCA forms to displace U.S. workers, though Infosys maintained its B-1 visa usage was for legitimate short-term business activities and denied any through abuse. In December 2019, Infosys settled with the for $800,000 over claims of misclassifying approximately 500 foreign workers as independent contractors from 2006 to 2017, enabling and improper visa use by avoiding payroll taxes and contributions. The settlement addressed failures to report wages and remit taxes, with Infosys cooperating but contesting broader fraud allegations. On the tax front, Infosys faced a 2023 dispute with over a £20 million assessment, which the company contested in its without reaching a final settlement by mid-2025. In , authorities issued a ₹32,403 crore ($3.9 billion) GST demand in 2024 for alleged non-payment under reverse charge mechanism on overseas branch expenses, though officials indicated openness to negotiation rather than immediate enforcement. Other legal resolutions include a 2025 settlement of $17.5 million by Infosys McCamish Systems to resolve class-action lawsuits stemming from a 2023 exposing personal information of about 3.7 million individuals, with no admission of liability. Whistleblower claims, such as those alleging H-1B fraud in deals, have led to investigations but often ended without findings of wrongdoing against Infosys, as in a 2025 U.S. Labor Department clearance related to contracts.

Work Culture, Layoffs, and Employee Grievances

Infosys's work culture has elicited mixed employee feedback, with aggregated ratings on platforms like averaging 3.6 out of 5 based on over 123,000 reviews, where 66% of respondents recommended the company to a friend, citing opportunities for structured career growth and a global, process-oriented environment. reviews similarly rate the company at 3.8 out of 5 from over 16,000 submissions, praising and learning prospects but noting variability by project and location, with some U.S.-based employees highlighting a supportive yet hierarchical atmosphere. Criticisms often center on work-life balance, rated at 3.6 on , with complaints of long hours in client-facing roles and a "bodyshop" model prioritizing billable utilization over employee development, a sentiment echoed in online forums where former workers describe it as emblematic of cost-competitive Indian IT firms. A key aspect of the culture involves the "benching" practice, where employees without active client projects are placed in a reserve pool, receiving full pay but required to upskill or seek internal opportunities, with official policies allowing up to 90 days before potential reassignment or termination risks. This period, while intended to maintain flexibility in project-based staffing, has been linked to employee stress and strain, as prolonged bench time—sometimes extending beyond policy limits despite company guidelines—fosters uncertainty and pressure to perform in internal assessments. Employee accounts on platforms like report instances of benchers facing abrupt emails demanding project pursuits or facing exit, contributing to perceptions of precarious job security despite the company's emphasis on internal mobility. Layoffs at Infosys have primarily targeted underperforming trainees rather than broad workforce reductions, with the company explicitly ruling out mass cuts amid sector-wide AI-driven restructuring as of July 2025, while planning to hire 20,000 fresh graduates. As of February 17, 2026, no major layoffs have been reported, with Infosys adding 13,456 employees in the financial year 2025-26 and maintaining plans to hire 20,000 freshers, contrasting with layoffs at competitors like TCS and over 30,000 global tech job cuts in early 2026. In early 2025, Infosys terminated approximately 700 trainees onboarded in October 2024 for failing performance evaluations, followed by additional rounds including 370 in , 195 in , and further groups totaling around 800 since , often framed by the firm as non-performance-based exits with offers for reskilling programs. These actions prompted labor complaints from groups like the Nascent Information Technology Employees Senate (NITES), alleging violations of and seeking investigations into abrupt dismissals without adequate notice or hearings. Employee grievances have included formal complaints of , such as a 2021 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) charge by four former female employees alleging gender bias in promotions and assignments, with one executive reportedly prioritizing male colleagues due to familial responsibilities. Other documented issues involve whistleblower claims and internal resolution mechanisms, though Infosys maintains "resolution hubs" for confidential handling of concerns under principles of fairness and non-retaliation. These grievances, while not representative of the broader 300,000-plus workforce, highlight tensions in a high-volume hiring model reliant on campus recruits and offshore talent, where performance pressures and cultural expectations amplify dissatisfaction among subsets of employees.

Project Failures and Public Backlash

In 2021, Infosys developed and launched India's new e-filing portal, intended to streamline taxpayer services, but it encountered persistent technical glitches including login failures, slow loading times, and inability to process returns effectively, particularly during peak filing periods. Public frustration peaked on deadlines such as July 31, 2024, when users reported widespread downtime and payment errors, leading to demands for extensions and criticism of Infosys for inadequate testing and scalability despite receiving approximately ₹4,200 for the project. Similarly, Infosys faced backlash over Australia's entitlement calculation engine, a contracted in 2019 to modernize welfare payment computations, for which paid $191 million AUD over four years before abandoning it in 2023. The system, designed to handle complex eligibility rules, ultimately processed only 784 claims for a single payment type and took minutes to perform tasks that the legacy mainframe completed in seconds, rendering it unfit for production use and prompting an that highlighted shortfalls. Taxpayer advocates and media reports decried the expenditure as wasteful, with additional $52 million spent post-failure on an alternative before full write-off. Infosys also drew public ire for ongoing issues with India's GST portal, which it maintains, including frequent outages and filing errors around quarterly deadlines, such as a 24-hour downtime in January 2025 affecting GSTR-1 submissions. Taxpayers voiced complaints on platforms, accusing the system of unreliable validation and makeshift workarounds like entering dummy data, exacerbating compliance burdens for businesses. These incidents, compounded by earlier GST network glitches since 2017, fueled perceptions of systemic delivery shortcomings in high-stakes engagements. Contract terminations by clients, such as a $1.5 billion multi-year deal ended in January 2024 due to unspecified performance issues, further amplified scrutiny, though Infosys attributed some losses to macroeconomic factors rather than project deficiencies. Overall, these failures highlighted challenges in scaling custom software for government volumes, prompting calls for stricter vendor accountability and in-house capabilities to mitigate taxpayer impacts.

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