Hubbry Logo
HMLA-367HMLA-367Main
Open search
HMLA-367
Community hub
HMLA-367
logo
8 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
HMLA-367
HMLA-367
HMLA-367
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 367
HMLA-367 insignia
Active
  • 1 December 1943 – 20 August 1949
  • 1 August 1966 – 22 April 2022
  • 16 December 2022 – Present
CountryUnited States
AllegianceUnited States
BranchUnited States Marine Corps
TypeLight Attack
RoleClose air support
Air interdiction
Aerial reconnaissance
Garrison/HQMCAS Camp Pendleton
NicknamesScarface
Oakgate (Vietnam War)
Mottos"When you are out of Scarface, you are out of guns" (Vietnam)
"Hieu Duuc" ("Can Do" VMO-3) "Hover Cover"
Tail CodeVT
Mascot"Venom" the Snake
Anniversaries1 December 1943
EngagementsWorld War II
* Battle of Peleliu
* Battle of Okinawa
Vietnam War
*Operation Dewey Canyon
*Operation Lam Son 719
* Operation Eagle Pull
* Operation Frequent Wind
Gulf War
Operation Iraqi Freedom
* Second Battle of Fallujah
Operation Enduring Freedom
* Operation Moshtarak
Commanders
Current
commander		LtCol Dan "RECO" Chiriboga

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 367 (HMLA-367) is a United States Marine Corps helicopter squadron consisting of AH-1Z Viper attack helicopters and UH-1Y Venom utility helicopters. Originally commissioned during World War II, the squadron participated in combat operations on Peleliu and Okinawa. Reactivated during the Vietnam War, the squadron has served during numerous conflicts since. The squadron is based at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton in California and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).

Mission

[edit]

The mission of HMLA-367 is to support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing offensive air support, utility support, armed escort and airborne supporting arms coordination, day or night, under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint, or combined operations.

History

[edit]

World War II

[edit]

Artillery Spotting Division, Marine Observation Squadron 351 (ASD(VMO-351)) was commissioned on 1 December 1943 at Marine Corps Base Quantico in Virginia.[1] On 15 January 1944, the squadron was re-designated as Marine Observation Squadron 3 (VMO-3) while preparing to deploy overseas.[2] During February 1944, VMO-3 departed San Diego and arrived at Espiritu Santo on 4 March 1944. The squadron spent the next few months in the Russell Islands continuing to train.[2] On 17 September 1944, the forward echelon of VMO-3 landed on Peleliu Airfield, two days after the initial invasion. The squadron supported operations on Peleliu and on 28 September it also supported the assault on Ngesebus. On 22 October 1944 VMO-3 departed Peleliu for the Russell Islands to begin training with III Marine Amphibious Corps artillery.

On 10 March 1945, VMO-3 sailed for Ulithi where it transferred to escort carriers for movement to Okinawa. On 3 April 1945, two OY-1 Grasshoppers from VMO-3 landed on Yontan Airfield. These were the first American planes to land on the island. The squadron commenced operations from Yontan the following day immediately supporting four artillery battalions. By 11 April, VMO-3 was supporting eleven artillery batteries ashore.[3]

Following the surrender of Japan, VMO-3 departed for Northern China in September 1945. On 10 October, the USS Bougainville (CVE-100) arrived at the Taku Forts, and disembarked VMO-3, which was tasked to support the 3rd Marines.[4] The squadron participated in the occupation of North China from October 1945 through June 1947. VMO-3 relocated to Guam in July 1947 and moved again in May 1949 to Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina, being assigned to the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing. The squadron was decommissioned on 20 August 1949.[1]

Vietnam War

[edit]

As the United States increased its presence in the South Vietnam, the Marine Corps reactivated VMO-3 at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton on 1 August 1966 and assigned it to Marine Wing Support Group 37. The squadron arrived in Vietnam in December 1966 and were now flying the UH-1E. VMO-3 became fully operational at Huế/Phu Bai on 16 January 1967.

In 1966 and for the first half of 1967, the squadron's radio call sign was "Oakgate," which sometimes got confused for the term OK. Major Bill Murphy is credited with first using the call "Scarface" while on TAD, and lobbied to have the substantially more macho Scarface designation adopted as VMO-3's signature when all Marine squadrons in-country changed call signs during the summer of 1967. On 14 November 1967 Major General Bruno Hochmuth, then commanding general of the 3rd Marine Division was killed when a UH-1E Huey from VMO-3 exploded and crashed 5 miles northwest of Huế. Four others also died in this crash.[5]

The squadron assumed a new identity in March 1968 when VMO-3 was re-designated HML-367 and immediately began operations in direct support of ground combat units. Based at Hue and Phu Bai, the squadron flew the Bell UH-1E Huey throughout I Corps in support of the 1st and 3rd Marine Divisions, the United States Army and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. In addition to the countless other missions flown they most notably supported Operations Medina, Fortress Ridge, Prairie Fire, Project Delta, Sparrow Hawk, Dewey Canyon, Apache Snow, Swift Saber and Lam Son 719.

In addition to participating in the above operations, the Scarface crews also flew near daily missions in support of MACV-SOG on what were then top secret reconnaissance missions deep into Laos.

Squadron assets quickly grew from eighteen aircraft (UH-1E) to twenty five. In 1969, HML-367 exceeded 2,000 flight hours for the month of June. October 1969 saw the departure of Marine Air Group 36 from the Republic of Vietnam. Due to the continued necessity for armed helicopter support, HML-367 remained in Vietnam and was assigned to Marine Aircraft Group 16 (Forward) at Hue/Phu Bai.

[6]

The squadron supported almost every type of helicopter mission flown by Marines in Vietnam. Most missions were flown in support of Marine units, but many were flown for the U.S. Army and for the Korean Marines. With the increased Vietnamization of the War, numerous sorties were flown supporting the Army of the Republic of Vietnam.

Mortar impacts near two AH-1G Cobra helicopters from HMLA-367, Khe Sanh Combat Base

On 24 April 1970, the Squadron had all of their twenty-five aircraft in an "Up" status. This was the first time a Helicopter Squadron had attained 100% aircraft availability in Vietnam. To celebrate the event, a 25-plane "fly-over" of Marble Mountain Air Facility was conducted with Plane Captains called on to fill the front seats of all 25 Cobras. Total flight time for Fiscal Year 1970 was 22,378 hours.

HML-367 completed its combat tour in South Vietnam in June 1971, and relocated to MCAS Futenma, Okinawa, rejoining MAG-36. Once established, the Squadron began peacetime operations using the UH-1E.

Post-Vietnam 1970s

[edit]

In April 1975, HML-367(REIN), with nine UH-1E's and twelve CH-46's deployed aboard the USS Midway and the USS Hancock in support of Operations Eagle Pull and Talon Vise/Frequent Wind, participating in the evacuation of Phnom Penh and Saigon. In June 1975, HML-367 returned to Okinawa and resumed normal operations. In 1976, the squadron took receipt of the new UH-1N and in 1977, AH-1J's Cobra gunships.

After more than eight years on the island of Okinawa, HML-367 was reassigned to Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39), 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, at MCAS Camp Pendleton. The majority of squadron personnel stayed behind, having been transferred to other units of the 1st Marine Air Wing. New personnel were selected from the parent command, and by August 1981, unit strength was up to 165 men and 16 aircraft.

1980s and 1990s

[edit]

During this timeframe the HMLA-367 spent approximately six of each eighteen months split into rotations to Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan as well as attached as Det "A" in Subic Bay, Philippines, and as part of an Aviation Combat Element (ACE) aboard an amphibious assault ship, typically the USS Tarawa while in rotation with two other squadrons also based at MCAS Camp Pendleton.

While not on their rotation overseas, HMLA-367 supported major exercises deploying for training frequently to the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Nellis Air Force Base, and Naval Air Station Fallon.

HMLA-367 also supported combined U.S. Navy & USMC security operations, "Kernel Usher & Kernel Blitz" aboard the USS Tarawa and other naval ships for exercises around the Pacific Coast of California.

Desert Storm and Desert Shield

[edit]

Shortly after the invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990 HMLA-367 was quickly chosen as the Light Attack component for Marine Aircraft Group 70 (MAG-70) in support of Operation Desert Shield/Storm and immediately deployed.

Scarface arrived in Al Jabail, Saudi Arabia on 29 August 1990, as the first operational U.S. Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron in theater. HMLA-367 recorded the first Iraqi tank kill by an AH-1W "Super Cobra" Helicopter during the battle of "Al Elbow" in Southwestern Kuwait on 30 January 1991.

HMLA-367 also had confirmed kills of military targets during both the Battle of Khafji on 30–31 January 1991 and the ground war which commenced on 24 February 1991.

HMLA-367 accrued confirmed kills of 48 tanks, 24 armored personnel carriers and 23 other troop transport vehicles, trucks, etc., as well as many other military targets, more than any other operational combat squadron during Desert Storm/Desert Storm.

On 12 March 1991, Scarface concluded operations and began departing Saudi Arabia, returning to Camp Pendleton, California.

HMLA-367 Scarface Marines were all awarded the National Defense Service Medal, Southwest Asia Service Medal with 2 bronze stars, the Kuwait Liberation Medal (Saudi Arabia), & the Kuwait Liberation Medal ( Kuwait) for their service during Operation Desert Storm & Desert Shield combat operations.

Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan

[edit]

The squadron was deployed for 13 months to Okinawa from 2002 to 2003 and this was followed less than a year later by a deployment to Al Taqaddum, Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

While there, the squadron flew in support of numerous ground units including the 1st Marine Division during the Battle of Fallujah. In the next three years, Scarface would return to Iraq two more times in support of OIF 05-07.2 and OIF 08.1-08.2.

After three deployments to Iraq in only four years, Scarface returned to MCAS Camp Pendleton in November 2008 to transition its Huey pilots to the new UH-1Y, and to prepare for upcoming operations in Afghanistan.

After yet another turnaround of less than a year, HMLA-367 deployed to Afghanistan in October 2009 to support international security and assistance forces during Operation Enduring Freedom. The seven-month deployment was the first combat deployment of the UH-1Y. The squadron's skills were again put to the test as Scarface simultaneously provided support for seven infantry battalions and participated in the battles for Marjah and Now Zad in the Helmand Province of Afghanistan.

In April 2011 "Scarface" HMLA-367 was the first squadron to have both the newest upgraded four-blade rotor UH-1Y "Yankee" Huey utility helicopter and the AH-1Z "Zulu" Cobra gunships along with a state of the art flight simulator for each helicopter.

In 2012, Scarface deployed personnel and helicopters to the 15th MEU prior to moving the remainder of the squadron to its current location of Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay on island of Oahu in Hawaii. The unit reverted to the venerable AH-1W Super Cobra prior to the relocation to MCAS Kaneohe Bay. They have also conducted numerous deployments as part of the 31st MEU and to Okinawa as part of the Unit Deployment Program (UDP).

In March 2018, Scarface and the Marine Corps bid their final farewell to the AH-1W Super Cobra helicopters on Marine Corps Base Hawaii.[7]

HMLA-367 was decommissioned in April 2022 as a part of the Commandant of the Marine Corps Force Design 2030 initiative and reactivated on 16 December 2022 aboard Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton, California.

Unit awards

[edit]

A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. HMLA-367 has been presented with the following awards:

Ribbon Unit Award
Presidential Unit Citation with four Bronze Stars
Navy Unit Commendation with one Silver and three Bronze Stars
Meritorious Unit Commendation with one Silver and one Bronze Star
  Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with two Bronze Stars
World War II Victory Medal
National Defense Service Medal with two Bronze Stars
China Service Medal
Vietnam Service Medal with two Silver Stars and one Bronze Star
Vietnam Meritorious Unit Citation Civil Action Medal
Bronze star
Bronze star
 Southwest Asia Service Streamer with two Bronze Stars August 1990 – February 1991 Desert Shield, Desert Storm
Kuwait Liberation Medal (Kuwait) August 1990 – February 1991 Desert Shield, Desert Storm
Kuwait Liberation Medal (Saudi Arabia) 17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991 Desert Shield, Desert Storm
Iraq Campaign Medal with two Bronze Stars
Afghanistan Campaign Medal
Global War on Terrorism Service Medal

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

HMLA-367

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 367 (HMLA-367), known by the radio callsign "Scarface," is a unit that provides light attack and utility helicopter support, including close-in fire support, fire support coordination, armed escort, and aerial reconnaissance for Marine Air-Ground Task Forces. The squadron operates the AH-1Z Viper attack helicopter and UH-1Y Venom utility helicopter, conducting missions in support of expeditionary operations worldwide. Currently based at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton, , under of the , HMLA-367 was reactivated on December 16, 2022, following a brief deactivation earlier that year as part of Marine Corps restructuring. HMLA-367 traces its lineage to Marine Observation Squadron 351 (VMO-351), which was activated on December 1, 1943, at , , and redesignated VMO-3 on January 15, 1944. During , the squadron participated in combat operations in the Pacific Theater, providing artillery spotting and liaison missions at and Okinawa. Deactivated on August 20, 1949, it was reactivated on August 1, 1966, as Marine Observation Squadron 3 (VMO-3), redesignated Helicopter Light Squadron 367 (HML-367) on March 24, 1968, and deployed to , where it became the first Marine Corps squadron to operate the AH-1G Cobra attack helicopter in December 1969. The unit earned its "Scarface" nickname during this period and flew missions until its return from in 1971, with a brief redeployment in 1975. Redesignated HMLA-367 on January 1, 1988, the squadron has since participated in major conflicts, including Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm (1990–1991), where its AH-1W Super Cobras destroyed 86 Iraqi T-72 tanks and 23 other vehicles; Operation Iraqi Freedom (2003–2011), supporting battles in Fallujah; and Operation Enduring Freedom (2001–2014), including operations in Marjah and Now Zad, Afghanistan. Over its history, HMLA-367 has been awarded the Presidential Unit Citation with four stars, the Navy Unit Commendation with one silver and three bronze stars, and the Meritorious Unit Commendation with one silver and one bronze star, among other honors. Following its 2022 reactivation, the squadron has conducted training and forward-deployed operations, including rotations to Okinawa in 2024 and Australia in 2023.

Overview

Mission

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 367 (HMLA-367) serves as a critical asset within the , tasked with supporting Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) commanders through a range of operations. Its primary missions encompass offensive air support, utility support, armed escort, and airborne supporting arms coordination and control, conducted day or night and under all weather and visibility conditions during expeditionary, joint, or combined operations. HMLA-367 delivers this support to MAGTF elements by executing to protect ground forces, to disrupt enemy movements and logistics, armed and visual to gather and identify threats, and logistical operations to sustain expeditionary forces. These roles enable rapid response and integration with ground, air, and logistics components of the MAGTF, enhancing overall in dynamic environments. Key capabilities of the squadron include precise attacks on enemy targets using guided munitions from attack helicopters, of troops and equipment via utility helicopters, of wounded personnel, and operations to recover isolated individuals. These functions underscore HMLA-367's versatility in providing both lethal and life-saving support to Marine operations.

Insignia and Nickname

The squadron's nickname, "Scarface," was earned during the for its aggressive missions. The callsign originated in 1967 when Major Bill Murphy first used it while on temporary assignment and lobbied for its adoption. The official squadron insignia depicts a stylized head bearing a scarred face against a background, emblematic of the unit's role and its "Scarface" identity.

Organization and Equipment

Aircraft and Capabilities

During , as Marine Observation Squadron 351 (VMO-351), the squadron operated the OY-1 Grasshopper, a light observation aircraft used for spotting, liaison, and reconnaissance missions in support of operations at and Okinawa. The OY-1, a variant of the L-4 Grasshopper, featured a single Continental O-170-3 engine producing 65 horsepower, enabling low-altitude flights for forward observation with a maximum speed of 85 mph (approximately 74 knots) and a range of 190 miles. In the Vietnam War era, HML-367 initially deployed UH-1E utility helicopters for troop transport, , and command-and-control roles starting in December 1966. By December 1969, the squadron transitioned to include the AH-1G attack helicopter, becoming the first U.S. Marine Corps unit to operate this tandem-seat gunship, which provided with a 7.62 mm minigun, 40 mm , and unguided rockets. Following withdrawal from in 1971, the squadron resumed UH-1E operations before upgrading to the twin-engine UH-1N in 1976 for enhanced reliability and range, and the AH-1J SeaCobra in 1977, which added TOW anti-tank missiles and improved speed up to 170 knots. From the 1980s through the 2000s, HMLA-367 (redesignated in 1988) incorporated the AH-1W SuperCobra, an upgraded twin-engine that entered service with the squadron by the mid-1990s, featuring greater capacity and night-attack capabilities via the Night Targeting System. A key upgrade was the Four-Blade Weapon (4BW) program in the late 1990s, which replaced the two-blade with a four-blade composite main , improving lift by 30% and reducing vibration for better maneuverability at low altitudes. The UH-1N remained in utility roles until the late 2000s, supporting logistics and escort missions. As of 2025, HMLA-367 operates the AH-1Z Viper for attack missions and the UH-1Y Venom for utility support, marking a full transition to these platforms following the retirement of the AH-1W SuperCobra in 2018. The squadron operates approximately 12 AH-1Z Vipers and 12 UH-1Y Venoms. The squadron received its first UH-1Y Venoms in 2009, achieving the first combat deployment of the type during operations in that year, where the aircraft's four-blade rotor and upgraded T700 engines enabled speeds over 150 knots and a 50% increase in hot-and-high performance compared to the UH-1N. The AH-1Z Vipers were introduced to the squadron in late 2017, with initial deliveries at , Kaneohe Bay, making HMLA-367 one of the later adopters of the integrated . The AH-1Z Viper enhances attack capabilities with a chin-mounted M197 20 mm three-barrel Gatling cannon, up to 16 air-to-surface missiles for precision strikes, and 70 mm Hydra rockets via LAU-61 pods, supported by the Target Sight System for laser designation and for night operations. Data-linked targeting integrates with joint forces via the Digital Cockpit and Tactical Common Data Link, allowing real-time sharing of sensor data for coordinated . The UH-1Y complements this with utility functions, including troop transport for up to 10 , aerial refueling capability, and defensive armament options like door-mounted M240 machine guns, all enhanced by common for seamless AH-1Z .

Bases and Assignments

HMLA-367 is assigned to Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39), 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW), and based at Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Camp Pendleton, California, since its reactivation there on December 16, 2022. Prior to deactivation in April 2022, the squadron was under MAG-24, 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW), at Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe Bay, from 2012 to 2022. Earlier, it was based at MCAS Camp Pendleton from 1981 to 2012 under MAG-39 and 3rd MAW, with rotations to MCAS Futenma, Okinawa, and support for Marine Expeditionary Units (MEUs). The squadron traces its origins to activation as VMO-351 at MCAS Quantico, Virginia, in 1943, with subsequent basing in the Pacific during World War II and Vietnam-era operations from 1966 to 1971. As of 2025, HMLA-367 maintains its home station at MCAS Camp Pendleton while supporting commitments. It completed a 2024 Unit Deployment Program (UDP) rotation to MCAS Futenma, Okinawa, under the , returning in November 2024. In 2025, the squadron has participated in stateside exercises, including Service Level Training Exercise (SLTE) 4-25 and Marine Division Modernization Exercise (MDMX) 4-25 at Marine Corps Air-Ground Combat Center .

History

World War II

Marine Observation Squadron 351 (VMO-351) was activated on 1 December 1943 at , , as part of the U.S. Marine Corps' expansion to support observation and spotting needs in the Pacific Theater. Initially formed as an spotting division, the squadron was redesignated VMO-3 on 15 January 1944 and transitioned to operational training, focusing on and liaison roles. Equipped primarily with OY-1 Grasshopper light observation aircraft—compact, unarmed liaison planes derived from the civilian Stinson L-5—the squadron's pilots honed skills in scouting enemy positions, adjusting naval gunfire, and coordinating fire from low-altitude flights. These missions required precise navigation over contested terrain, often under intense anti-aircraft fire, to provide real-time intelligence to ground forces. VMO-3 deployed to the Pacific in mid-1944, arriving at in the Islands during the 1st Marine Division's amphibious assault on 15 September 1944. Operating from the newly captured airfield by D-plus 4 (19 September), the squadron's OY-1s conducted hazardous artillery observation and photo reconnaissance missions, directing fire from Marine and naval batteries against fortified Japanese positions in the island's rugged interior. Despite the operation's high casualties and prolonged fighting, VMO-3's efforts helped suppress enemy defenses, enabling advances by units amid the campaign's brutal close-quarters combat. The squadron's most intense combat came during the from April to June 1945, where it supported the in and casualty evacuation operations. VMO-3 pilots flew thousands of sorties in their OY-1s, spotting for across the island's southern highlands and evacuating over 600 wounded Marines from forward strips like Itoman, often landing under threats and heavy mortar fire. For its valor and contributions to the victory—part of the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific—VMO-3 earned the Presidential Unit Citation, recognizing the squadron's role in sustaining Marine ground operations against fierce Japanese resistance. Following Japan's surrender, VMO-3 participated in occupation duties in Northern before relocating to and then Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, , in May 1949. Amid the post-World War II military drawdown, the squadron was deactivated on 20 August 1949 at Cherry Point, marking the end of its World War II-era service as Marine aviation shifted focus to peacetime readiness.

Vietnam War

Marine Observation Squadron 3 (VMO-3) was reactivated on 1 August 1966 at Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Camp Pendleton, , to meet the growing demand for aerial observation and support capabilities amid escalating U.S. involvement in . The squadron, equipped with UH-1E Huey helicopters, deployed to in December 1966 and achieved full operational status at /Phu Bai on 16 January 1967, where it provided direct support to the 1st and 3rd Marine Divisions, U.S. Army units, and Army of the Republic of (ARVN) forces across I Corps Tactical Zone. Initially focused on visual reconnaissance and utility missions, VMO-3 quickly adapted to combat demands in the rugged terrain of northern . On 24 March 1968, the squadron was redesignated as Marine Light Helicopter Squadron 367 (HML-367), reflecting its expanding role in helicopter operations, and adopted the callsign "Scarface." Operating primarily from bases at and later Marble Mountain, HML-367 conducted armed reconnaissance, (medevac), and strikes, often in coordination with Marine infantry and units. The squadron played a critical part in major campaigns, including in early 1969, where its helicopters provided close air support and troop insertions during the Marine advance into the A Shau Valley, and in February 1971, supporting ARVN incursions into with escort and missions amid intense anti-aircraft fire. These efforts highlighted the squadron's versatility in asymmetric , transitioning from observation to aggressive as threats evolved. In December 1969, HML-367 became the first U.S. Marine Corps squadron to operate exclusively with AH-1G Cobra attack helicopters, replacing its UH-1E fleet and enhancing its capabilities for precision strikes and escort duties. The squadron logged significant flight hours in combat, exceeding 2,000 hours in June 1969 alone and accumulating 22,378 hours for fiscal year 1970, while maintaining exceptional readiness, including 100% aircraft availability on 24 April 1970. HML-367's contributions extended to covert support for – Studies and Observations Group (MACV-SOG) missions along the . The unit completed its Vietnam combat tour in June 1971, redeploying to MCAS Futenma, Okinawa, after over four years of continuous operations that underscored the pivotal shift to rotary-wing in Marine Corps doctrine.

Post-Vietnam and Cold War Era

Following the end of its Vietnam War deployment in June 1971, Marine Light Helicopter Squadron 367 (HML-367) redeployed to , Okinawa, , where it was reassigned to Marine Aircraft Group 36, , and focused on peacetime readiness operations with its UH-1E Huey helicopters. In , elements of HML-367 reinforced with UH-1E and CH-46 aircraft deployed aboard the and USS Hancock, as well as to in the , to support Operations Eagle Pull and Frequent Wind—the evacuations of U.S. personnel and allies from and amid the fall of and Saigon. These missions involved transporting over 7,000 evacuees under intense conditions, marking the squadron's final direct involvement in Southeast Asian contingencies before a return to Okinawa in June 1975 for routine training. During the late 1970s, HML-367 underwent significant aircraft modernization to enhance its utility and attack roles in line with Marine Corps aviation advancements. In early 1976, the squadron received 16 UH-1N Twin Huey helicopters, replacing the older UH-1E models and providing improved twin-engine reliability, increased speed up to 130 knots, and greater troop-carrying capacity for utility missions. By April 1977, it transitioned to AH-1J SeaCobra gunships, adding six aircraft to its inventory and replacing the Vietnam-era AH-1G variants with enhanced TOW missile capabilities and a more powerful Lycoming T53-L-13 engine for better performance in close air support. Further upgrades in the early 1980s introduced the AH-1T SeaCobra, which featured upgraded avionics, increased fuel capacity for extended range, and improved night-attack systems, allowing the squadron to conduct more versatile armed escort and fire support operations during Cold War readiness exercises. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, HML-367 participated in rotational deployments under the Unit Deployment Program, spending approximately six months every 18 months forward-based at Futenma, Okinawa, alongside sister squadrons , , and HMLA-369, to support contingencies in the Western Pacific. These rotations included detachments to the at Cubi Point for joint training with U.S. and allied forces, emphasizing amphibious operations and integration. When stateside at Camp Pendleton after its November 1979 reassignment to , , the squadron conducted intensive training at Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms and , , participating in exercises such as maneuvers and live-fire drills to hone tactics against simulated armored threats. By mid-1981, its strength had expanded to 165 personnel and 16 aircraft, reflecting heightened tensions and the need for rapid response capabilities. In January 1, 1988, the squadron was redesignated Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 367 (HMLA-367), formalizing its dual-role mission in attack and utility helicopters amid evolving Marine aviation doctrine. As global tensions escalated in the late , HMLA-367 intensified preparations for potential conflicts, including equipment overhauls and personnel augmentation drills at Camp Pendleton. This buildup culminated in August 1990, when the squadron deployed to as the light attack element of Marine Aircraft Group 70 for Operation Desert Shield, providing armed reconnaissance and escort support during the initial coalition force assembly against Iraqi aggression.

Gulf War

In August 1990, HMLA-367 deployed from its home station at Camp Pendleton, , to the Kingdom of in support of Operation Desert Shield, becoming the first operational U.S. Marine light squadron in the theater as part of Marine Group 70 (MAG-70). The squadron established operations at Al Jubayl Naval Air Facility, where it conducted intensive training and reconnaissance missions in preparation for potential combat, focusing on anti-armor tactics and coordination with ground forces. As Operation Desert Shield transitioned to Operation Desert Storm on January 17, 1991, HMLA-367 shifted to combat roles, providing , armed escort, and "tank plinking" missions against Iraqi armored forces using its AH-1W helicopters armed with TOW missiles. The squadron achieved significant success in these engagements, confirming the destruction of 86 tanks and 23 technical vehicles during the air and ground campaigns. Notable contributions included support for the 1st and 2nd Marine Divisions during the (January 29–31, 1991), where Scarface Cobras fired TOW missiles to neutralize Iraqi tanks in urban fighting alongside ANGLICO teams and Saudi forces, and in the subsequent 100-hour ground war beginning February 24, 1991, where they conducted deep strikes against units. HMLA-367 flew thousands of sorties over the six-month deployment, logging extensive flight hours in harsh conditions while maintaining high availability. The squadron redeployed to Camp Pendleton on March 12, 1991, concluding its combat operations after playing a pivotal role in the coalition's rapid liberation of .

Operations in the 2000s

In the early 2000s, HMLA-367, known as the "Scarface" squadron, played a pivotal role in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) by deploying to Al Anbar Province from August 2004 to March 2005, where it provided (CAS) and convoy escort missions using AH-1W Super Cobra helicopters in urban environments amid rising insurgency activities. The squadron's operations focused on supporting Marine ground forces in efforts, including and in contested areas like the vast western i desert, contributing to the stabilization of key routes and population centers. Following a brief respite, HMLA-367 returned to for another deployment from 2006 to May 2007, intensifying its urban CAS roles around , where it conducted armed overwatch and escorted convoys through (IED)-threatened zones during heightened combat operations. A third OIF rotation from April to November 2008 further emphasized these tactics, with the squadron logging extensive flight hours in support of (MEF) maneuvers against insurgent strongholds in the region. Shifting focus to (OEF), HMLA-367 deployed to , , from October 2009 to May 2010, marking the first combat employment of the UH-1Y Venom utility helicopter alongside AH-1W aircraft for night raids, troop insertions, and CAS in rugged terrain. The squadron's missions supported Marine operations in areas like the Now Zad Valley, enhancing mobility and firepower for ground forces engaged in against positions, though the deployment was marred by a tragic on October 26, 2009, resulting in the loss of four . This rotation highlighted the UH-1Y's advantages in speed and payload capacity over legacy UH-1N models, enabling more effective resupply and evacuation in the Afghan theater. Beyond direct combat zones, HMLA-367 contributed to non-combat operations in 2011 by providing aviation support during , the initial phase of the intervention in , through detachments assigned to Marine Expeditionary Units (MEUs) that enforced the from maritime platforms. Throughout the and into the 2010s, the squadron maintained readiness via regular MEU rotations, including deployments with the 11th and 15th MEUs from 2011 to 2013, which bolstered amphibious assault capabilities and humanitarian assistance in the Western Pacific and . Concurrently, HMLA-367 underwent a significant transition starting in November 2008, fully integrating the UH-1Y by early 2009 and achieving initial operational capability with the AH-1Z Viper in February 2011, culminating in a complete fleet replacement by 2015 to enhance precision strikes and utility missions. In the latter half of the decade, the squadron participated in multinational exercises, such as those in supporting the Marine Rotational Force-Darwin and in for bilateral training like Iron Fist, refining interoperability with allies in the region.

Recent Developments

During the period from 2020 to 2022, Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 367 (HMLA-367) continued operations at , Kaneohe Bay, amid broader Marine Corps restructuring efforts, culminating in its deactivation on April 22, 2022, as part of initiatives to modernize and realign aviation assets. The deactivation involved the relocation of its 27 AH-1Z Viper and UH-1Y helicopters to , marking the end of the squadron's Hawaii-based presence after over four decades. HMLA-367 was reactivated on December 16, 2022, at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton, California, under (MAG-39), , absorbing assets from the recently deactivated HMLA-469 to consolidate light attack helicopter capabilities on the West Coast. This reactivation supported the Marine Corps' force design goals by enhancing expeditionary readiness and resource efficiency. In 2023 and 2024, the squadron completed its transition from to Camp Pendleton, focusing on rebuilding operational tempo and integrating personnel and equipment. HMLA-367 participated in Exercise Fuji Viper 24 in October 2024, conducting formation flights off the coast of , to demonstrate rotary-wing combat and with units. From April to October 2024, HMLA-367 executed a six-month (UDP) rotation to the region under , supporting regional presence and training before returning to Camp Pendleton in November 2024. In August 2025, HMLA-367 participated in Service Level Training Exercise (SLTE) 4-25 at Marine Corps Air-Ground Combat Center , conducting , maintenance, and flight operations. In September 2025, the squadron conducted Forward Arming and Refueling Point (FARP) training to enhance expeditionary capabilities. Looking ahead, HMLA-367's role aligns with Marine Corps priorities on expeditionary advanced base operations (EABO), enabling distributed, agile support for littoral maneuvers in contested environments through forward arming, refueling, and sustainment capabilities.

Lineage and Honors

Lineage

The squadron was initially activated on 1 December 1943 as Marine Observation Squadron 351 (VMO-351) at Marine Corps Air Station , and redesignated as VMO-3 on January 15, . It relocated to Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, , in 1944 and remained based there for the majority of its service, with subsequent assignments including operations in the Pacific theater, occupation duties in northern from October 1945 to June 1947, and a redeployment to Orote Field, , in July 1947. VMO-351 was deactivated on 20 August 1949 at MCAS El Toro. The unit was reactivated on 1 August 1966 as Marine Observation Squadron 3 (VMO-3) at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California (later consolidated with nearby Camp Pendleton operations). VMO-3 was redesignated Marine Light Squadron 367 (HML-367) on 24 March 1968 while stationed at Marine Corps Air Station Phu Bai, . HML-367 was further redesignated Marine Light Attack Squadron 367 (HMLA-367) on 1 January 1988. HMLA-367 was deactivated on 22 April 2022 at , Kaneohe Bay, as part of the Marine Corps' restructuring. It was reactivated on 16 December 2022 at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton, , under Marine Group 39. Throughout its history, the squadron's primary station assignments have included El Toro, (1943–1949, following initial activation), and Santa Ana/Camp Pendleton, (1966–present, with various rotations and deployments to locations such as Okinawa, , and ).

Awards and Decorations

HMLA-367 has received the Presidential Unit Citation four times in recognition of extraordinary heroism in combat. These awards were earned for service during the in (1945), operations in from 1966 to 1967 and 1967 to 1968, and participation in Operation Desert Storm in Southwest Asia from 1990 to 1991. The squadron has been awarded the , denoted by one silver star and three bronze stars on the streamer. Awards recognize service in from 1967 to 1968, Operation Desert Storm in Southwest Asia from 1990 to 1991, and Operations Iraqi Freedom in from 2003 to 2004 and 2004 to 2005. HMLA-367 has earned the multiple times, indicated by one silver star and one bronze star on the streamer, for meritorious service in support of combat operations. These include awards for in 1968, 1970, and 1971; a period of service from 1986 to 1988; 1992; Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom from 2000 to 2002; and another deployment from 2009 to 2011.

Campaign Credits

The squadron's campaign participation is reflected in the following streamers:
StreamerAttachmentsPeriods of Service
Asiatic-Pacific CampaignTwo bronze stars; Okinawa
Two silver stars and one bronze starMultiple phases, 1966–1971
Two bronze starsDefense of ; Liberation and Defense of
NoneSupporting operations
NoneSupporting operations
Global War on Terrorism ExpeditionaryNoneMultiple deployments
Global War on Terrorism ServiceNonePost-9/11 era service
Additional foreign awards include the Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with palm and two bronze stars, as well as the Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Unit Citation with palm.

Notable Achievements

During Operation Desert Storm, HMLA-367 destroyed 86 Iraqi tanks and 23 other vehicles, contributing significantly to the coalition's ground campaign.

References

  1. https://www.3rdmaw.marines.mil/Units/MAG-39/HMLA-367/
  2. https://www.seaforces.org/usmcair/HMLA/HMLA-367.htm
  3. https://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/your-marine-corps/2022/04/25/famed-hawaii-marine-attack-squadron-cases-its-colors/
  4. https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/MARINE%20LIGHT%20ATTACK%20HELICOPTER%20SQUADRON%20367.pdf
  5. https://www.2ndmaw.marines.mil/Units/MAG-29/HMLA-269/
  6. https://www.marines.mil/News/News-Display/Article/540227/hmla-367s-scarface-deal-lethal-strikes/
  7. https://www.29palms.marines.mil/Articles/Article/499441/hmla-367-provides-precise-fire-for-trap/
  8. https://www.mcbhawaii.marines.mil/News/News-Article-Display/Article/2353680/hmla-367-us-army-25th-infantry-div-conduct-integrated-exercise-mcbh/
  9. http://www.gvva1.org/HML-367.pdf
  10. https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/197424/piper-l-4a-grasshopper/
  11. https://sogsite.com/squadron-367-scarface/
  12. https://www.popasmoke.com/notam/aircraft-96/ah-1w-super-cobra/
  13. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/41508/hmla-367-scarface-introduce-yankees
  14. https://www.keymilitary.com/article/scarface-takes-delivery-its-first-ah-1z-vipers-hawaii
  15. https://www.army-technology.com/projects/supcobra/
  16. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/8754488/welcome-home-marines-hmla-367
  17. https://www.dvidshub.net/video/976458/us-marines-with-hmla-367-conduct-mdmx-4-25-d-day
  18. https://sentinelclub.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/VMO-Squadrons.pdf
  19. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/wapa/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003135-00/sec6a.htm
  20. https://www.marines.mil/News/News-Display/Article/540143/scarface-celebrates-70th-anniversary-in-corps/
  21. https://hma1369.tripod.com/367.html
  22. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/usmc/hmla-367.htm
  23. https://www.marines.mil/Portals/1/Publications/U.S.%20Marines%20in%20the%20Persian%20Gulf%2090-91%20The%203D%20MARINE%20AIRCRAFT%20WING%20%20PCN%2019000314900_1.pdf
  24. https://www.marines.mil/Portals/1/Publications/U.S.%20Marines%20in%20the%20Persian%20Gulf%2090-91%20The%203D%20MARINE%20AIRCRAFT%20WING%20%20PCN%2019000314900_2.pdf
  25. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-D214-PURL-gpo66807/pdf/GOVPUB-D214-PURL-gpo66807.pdf
  26. https://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/vertical-integration-a-new-generation-of-marine-corps-vertical-lift-platforms-comes-of-age/
  27. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/41846/hmla-367-scarface-introduce-yankees
  28. https://www.1stmaw.marines.mil/News/Press-Releases/Announcement/Article/3028669/us-marine-corps-deactivates-marine-light-attack-helicopter-squadron-367/
  29. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/7156760/mcas-mcbh-hmla-367-deactivation-ceremony
  30. https://alert5.com/2022/04/24/hmla-367-deactivated/
  31. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/7561207/deactivation-marine-light-attack-helicopter-squadron-469
  32. https://www.key.aero/article/usmc-bids-farewell-hmla-469-hmla-367-returns
  33. https://www.instagram.com/p/DBjkOi7RnUU/
  34. https://www.dvidshub.net/video/940642/hmla-367-flies-during-fuji-viper-24
  35. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/8754472/welcome-home-marines-hmla-367
  36. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9251216/hmla-367-conducts-routine-maintenance-during-slte-4-25
  37. https://www.29palms.marines.mil/News/Photos/Training-Gallery/igphoto/2003791155/
  38. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/7035874/marine-aircraft-group-24-expeditionary-advanced-base-operations
  39. https://www.dvidshub.net/news/419134/us-marine-corps-deactivates-marine-light-attack-helicopter-squadron-367
  40. https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/MARINE%2520LIGHT%2520ATTACK%2520HELICOPTER%2520SQUADRON%2520367.pdf
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.