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Phoenix Raceway is a 1.000 mi (1.609 km) dogleg oval track in Avondale, Arizona. The track has held a variety of events since its opening in 1964, including NASCAR, IndyCar, and CART races. It has a seating capacity of 42,000 as of 2019. Phoenix Raceway is currently owned by NASCAR and is led by track president Latasha Causey.

Key Information

Phoenix Raceway opened in 1964 under the control of Richard Hogue as a multi-layout facility. After slow expansion for nearly a decade, the facility was bought out by Phoenix businessman Malcolm Bricklin in 1973 under the General Vehicle brand. The company's ownership was short-lived due to the company's troubles and eventual bankruptcy, and the speedway was bought out by a group of Arizona businessmen led by Bob Fletcher in 1976. After a series of ownership changes from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, the facility oversaw a period of mass expansion under the ownership of Buddy Jobe, who bought the track in 1985 and owned it until 1997, when the International Speedway Corporation (ISC) purchased the facility. Since ISC's purchase, the facility has undergone two major reconfigurations: one in 2011 that altered the track's dogleg and one in 2018 that changed the location of the start-finish line.

Description

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Configuration

[edit]

Phoenix Raceway in its current form is measured at 1.000 mi (1.609 km), with 9° of banking in the first two turns, 11° of banking in the last two turns, 9° of banking on the frontstretch, and 3° of banking on the backstretch, according to Jayski.[2] The track is known for its frontstretch kink, commonly referred to as a "dogleg"[3][4] that was added to accommodate the track's original road course, which used parts of the oval alongside specialized portions outside the oval.[5]

When the facility first opened, multiple layouts were included. Alongside the oval track's opening in 1964, a 2.700 mi (4.345 km) road course layout that used both parts of the oval and specialized sections, and a 0.250 mi (0.402 km) dragstrip were included.[6][7] Additionally, since 1992, an 11-turn infield road course measuring 1.510 mi (2.430 km) was included in the facility's layouts.[8][9]

Amenities

[edit]

Phoenix Raceway is located in Avondale, Arizona, and is served by Avondale Boulevard, which is an exit of Interstate 10.[10] As of 2019, the facility has a capacity of 42,000, according to Forbes.[11] The track also offers a general admission seating area on the side of a hill outside the track's first and second turns;[12] the section is named "Rattlesnake Hill" as a tribute to old stories of Phoenix Raceway officials reportedly having to remove numerous animals before races, including rattlesnakes and scorpions.[13]

Track history

[edit]

Planning and construction

[edit]
refer to caption
Motorsports promoter J. C. Agajanian (pictured in 1953) convinced track founder Richard Hogue to build an oval on Phoenix Raceway's complex; Hogue's initial plans for the facility only included a road course.

On July 10, 1963, The Arizona Republic's Frank Gianelli reported that a group formed by businessman Richard Hogue acquired a 320-acre (130 ha) plot of land originally used to grow cotton in the Estrella Mountains.[6][14] With the purchase, the group made plans to build a US$500,000 (about $5,135,326 today) motorsports complex, including a 1-mile (1.6 km) oval, a 2.5-mile (4.0 km) road course, and a dragstrip, under the name of Phoenix International Raceway (PIR).[14] Initially, Hogue only originally considered building the road course, but was convinced to add an oval to the facility by racing promoter J. C. Agajanian.[5] The plan immediately faced opposition from the competing Arizona State Fairgrounds, who wished to pave their track in order to continue hosting United States Auto Club (USAC) races despite PIR officials wanting to collaborate with Fairgrounds officials.[15] However, the Fairgrounds' paving plan was vetoed unanimously by the Arizona Fair Commission on August 26. On the same day, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors passed a permit to begin PIR construction, in the process effectively causing the Fair's shutdown.[5][16]

Groundbreaking took place on September 19, with Hogue stating in a groundbreaking interview that "we'll be racing by late November or early December."[17][18] In November, Hogue announced the first events for the track, with Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) and NASCAR Grand National Series events being announced for December and January 1964, respectively.[19][20] However, the track's opening was pushed back to January 4 due to construction delays.[21] By the end of the year, with paving complete, the facility was approved for SCCA, USAC, and National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) events.[22] At the end of the facility's construction, the entire complex cost approximately US$1 million (about $10,138,412 today) to build.[23][24]

Hogue years

[edit]
refer to caption
A. J. Foyt (pictured in 1996) won the first race at Phoenix Raceway's oval track in 1964.

PIR opened as scheduled, running informal SCCA events in January 1964.[25][26] A month later, the first formal events at the facility were held, with Jack Hinkle winning the first highlight race at PIR's road course.[27][28] PIR received mixed initial reception; although its amenities were praised, some spectators complained about a hidden 50-cent (adjusted for inflation, $5) grandstand fee alongside visibility problems caused by light poles.[29] PIR's drag strip held its first events on March 1.[7] The oval held its first race 21 days later, with A. J. Foyt winning a USAC event.[30][31] In April, alongside obtaining a sanction from the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA),[24] PIR ran its first FIA-sanctioned event, with Dave MacDonald winning a 155-mile (249 km) event.[32]

Initially, PIR struggled with attendance, causing the facility to cancel international events in 1964 due to cost issues.[33][34] In July, Harry Redkey and Bob Huff, racing promoters of the Manzanita Speedway and Tucson Speedway, respectively, took over operational duties of PIR,[35][36] with Huff stating hopes of implementing "a series of major improvements" and a seating expansion to 13,500 at the facility.[36] By November, renovations to the facility's grandstand and walls were made. However, the facility still faced heavy traffic issues in the Bobby Ball Memorial event that took place in the same month,[37] partially causing the cancellation of a USAC stock car race in early 1965.[38][39] Traffic improvements to PIR were completed in March 1965 alongside the widening of the track's surface in the turns.[40] In June, a US$10,000 renovation to PIR's dragstrip that aimed to install increased lighting started.[41] By the end of 1965, Hogue stated in a response to a PIR critic in a letter to the editor that PIR invested over US$100,000 in renovations, including a refurbished main grandstand and the addition of 2,000 seats.[42][43]

PIR experienced numerous crashes resulting in serious injury or death in its early years. In its first ever dragstrip event on March 1, PIR experienced its first fatality when drag racer Robert Snyders crashed during a qualifying run on the drag strip.[7] In early December, Bobby Marshman succumbed to second- and third-degree burns suffered during a tire testing crash on November 27.[44][45] In August 1965, the dragstrip oversaw its second fatality when 17-year-old Phil Miner lost control of his car and crashed at approximately 160 miles per hour (260 km/h).[46][47] In February 1967, 13-year-old Maurice Gallegos suffered major head injuries after hitting a truck during a go-kart race;[48] Gallegos survived the incident and later sued PIR for US$1,687,624 (about $15,914,530 today) for "inadequate and ineffectual protection" and a lack of "prompt and adequate assistance after the accident".[49] On February 27, 1972, United States Air Force captain Bruce Helfert died in a sports car crash on the facility's road course.[50]

Nancy Hogue era

[edit]

Sometime between 1965 and 1967, Richard Hogue and his wife, Nancy, divorced.[51] By February 3, 1967, Nancy was described in The Arizona Republic as the sole owner of PIR.[52] On the 15th, racing promoter J. C. Agajanian took over Redkey and Huff as the promotional director of PIR.[53] Two days later, Nancy filed an injunction order against Redkey and Huff for "fail[ing] to return... the corporate's properties, papers and records." She also revealed that she fired the duo as they spent "extravagant amounts of money for travel, hotels, entertainment, telephone calls, salaries, etc."[54] In response, the duo sued Hogue for US$200,000 (about $1,886,028 today) on March 2 for multiple claims, including breach of contract, claims of Nancy deceiving the duo, and Nancy refusing to give any stock to the duo despite an agreement.[55]

By October 1967, the Arizona Daily Star claimed that grandstand seating had expanded to 25,000.[56] On January 23, 1968, PIR held its first major stock car racing events, with Don White winning a USAC event.[57][58] In March, Agajanian confirmed discussions about removing PIR's backstretch dogleg from its oval track, stating that the corner was "dangerous as hell".[59] Three months later, the decision was confirmed by Jerry Raskin, PIR's public relations official, with the backstretch becoming a straight line.[60] Reportedly, the reconfiguration was complete by September;[61] however, the claim that the dogleg was ever removed has been disputed by racing historian Kevin Triplett, who did not find any evidence that the reconfiguration ever happened.[51] In October 1969, construction of a two-year, US$100,000 (about $857,441 today) renovation project focusing on additional seating and track adjustments was completed.[62] A year later, Phoenix hotel businessman Charlie Alexander signed a three-year lease from Nancy to become the racing director of PIR.[63] In 1972, in response to criticism from the previous year of a dangerous and slippery track surface, track officials started putting down a traction compound to combat the issue; the fix was received well by driver Bobby Unser.[64][65]

Short-lived FasTrack rebrand

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See also: Malcolm Bricklin
refer to caption
Malcolm Bricklin (pictured in 2007) and his company, General Vehicle, purchased the facility in 1973. The company's ownership was short-lived due to financial troubles with General Vehicle.

On December 6, 1972, the Arizona Republic reported that Nancy Hogue sold PIR to Newport Beach, California, businessman Paul O'Shea.[66] However, nine days later, the Republic retracted their claim, stating that the facility was instead bought by the Malcolm Bricklin-owned General Vehicle Inc., with O'Shea assisting with the company's purchase; it was also announced that Alexander was ousted from his lease on the facility.[67] In a press conference held on January 23, 1973, newly appointed track president Anthony Kopp announced the track's rebranding to "FasTrack International Speedway" as part of Bricklin's FasTrack brand, a subsidiary under General Vehicle.[63][68] Kopp also announced plans for US$30,000 worth of renovations, including the expansion of permanent seating capacity to 16,000, the construction of a new pit road, and other miscellaneous amenity improvements.[68] Two months later, the facility experienced its fifth fatality when driver Bob Criss died in a practice crash for a USAC event.[69]

General Vehicle soon after its purchase of PIR experienced major financial difficulties, primarily related to the problems of the General Vehicle-manufactured Bricklin SV-1.[70][71][72] As a result, by April 1975, FasTrack International Speedway director Russ Kurtz stated in the Arizona Daily Star that the facility had been on sale "for a number of months"; however, he also stated that he did not see the track being sold in the near future.[73] General Vehicle filed for reorganization on October 1,[74] leaving FasTrack in a state of "limbo".[75] In December, Bricklin resigned from General Vehicle,[76] and the company and its subsidiaries was declared bankrupt by federal bankruptcy judge Edward Davis on January 12, 1976, with Bricklin in a reported US$34.6 million in debt. Davis also ruled to let FasTrack International Raceway to continue hosting races to pay off creditors.[72]

Fletcher and Wood years

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See also: Robert L. Fletcher

By early May 1976, numerous offers to purchase the facility were made, including an offer from an unspecified buyer for $200,000 and another $375,000 offer from a group led by Bill Moore. However, all were either withdrawn by prospective buyers or rejected by the court.[77] After rejecting another offer of $280,000, Davis gave control of the facility to lienholders Nancy Hogue and First Pennsylvania Bank,[78] leaving an uncertain future for the facility despite a potential offer from J. C. Agajanian.[79] However, on August 18, the Republic reported that a group led by Bob Fletcher, Tom Taber, and Bill Hardy bought the facility at an undisclosed price;[80] it was later revealed to be "in the neighborhood of $400,000" according to Taber.[81] With the purchase, the track's name was reverted to "Phoenix International Raceway",[82] with the group promising renovations to existing grandstands, garages, and media centers[81] alongside a wider variety of events.[83] In 1977, the track's surface was repaved and completed by October of that year.[84][85] The following year, the facility oversaw its sixth fatality, with driver Otis D. Hurley dying in a sports car crash during a practice session on the facility's road course.[86]

In 1980, under threats from the track's owners to permanently shut down PIR due to owner disputes,[87] PIR general manager Dennis Wood and contractor Bill Krug signed a three-year lease to run the facility.[88] In a 1998 interview, Wood admitted he had little income at the time and had only obtained the lease because "my only thought at the time was we can't shut PIR down".[87] A year later, Wood alongside California businessman Warner W. Hodgdon bought the facility from Fletcher within the "seven-figure" price range.[89] Hodgdon's ownership was short-lived; in January 1983, Wood bought Hodgdon's 75% share of ownership, stating that the two had "philosophical differences" over how to run the facility.[90] Wood later added Fletcher back as a partner for $1 as a sign of gratitude for Fletcher's "friendship and kindness toward me over the years".[91] In 1985, after an IndyCar race was cancelled due to concerns of a deteriorating track surface with a new IndyCar model,[92] track officials approved a repave of the oval track.[93] That same year, James Haynes died during the Copper World Classic, becoming the seventh fatality at the facility.[94]

Buddy Jobe era, mass expansion

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Refer to caption
Phoenix Raceway's frontstretch grandstands in 1989. The grandstand was built in 1987 after fires burnt down a majority of the original grandstand.

On August 23, 1985, Wood stated to the Republic that an agreement was reached with an unspecified buyer to purchase PIR.[95] Two days later, the buyers were revealed to be farmer Emmett "Buddy" Jobe and accounting firm owner Patrick Johnson,[96] with ownership officially transferring to the duo in September.[97] With the purchase, the duo promised an increase in permanent seating capacity from 10,400 to "between 20,000 and 25,000" alongside starting negotiations to obtain a NASCAR Busch Grand National Series race.[98] In February 1986, Jobe bought out Johnson's share of ownership, becoming the sole owner of the facility.[99] Within the months of April to September 1986, $400,000 worth of renovations were made, including the addition of a pedestrian bridge over the third and fourth turns connecting the infield to outside viewing areas and additional concrete barriers.[100][101] In 1987, two separate fires less than a month apart affected the facility's grandstands. The first occurred on April 26 due to a lightning strike, burning around 40% of the frontstretch grandstands.[102][103] While plans were initiated to both repair and expand seating capacity,[104] in June, another fire affected the frontstretch grandstands; this time due to a blowtorch construction accident. In response, Jobe announced the construction of an enlarged grandstand made out of steel and aluminum with a capacity of 10,000.[105]

refer to caption
Alan Kulwicki (pictured in 1991) won the first NASCAR Cup Series race at Phoenix Raceway in 1988.

On November 30, NASCAR spokesman Les Richter announced that PIR was awarded a NASCAR Cup Series race weekend for the following year.[106] To accommodate NASCAR, a $5 million renovation project was implemented, building a new VIP hospitality building, renovating the garage area, extending pit road by 240 ft (73 m), and expanding permanent seating capacity to 30,000 in time for the 1988 Checker 500.[107] The first Cup Series race at the facility ran as scheduled on November 6, with Alan Kulwicki winning the event.[108] The following year, another $2 million was spent on expansion, constructing a four-story VIP suite building on the track's first turn, the expansion of permanent seating capacity to "about 42,000", renovations to the facility's scoring tower and media center, and other upgrades related to beautification.[109] In 1990, plans were drafted to add a 5,000-seat grandstand alongside the construction of a new infield road course,[110] with the latter being completed two years later.[8] The facility underwent a $800,000 refurbishment in 1991, adding 700 luxury seats and increased infield parking.[111] That same year, PIR experienced its eighth fatality when USAC Silver Crown Series driver Danny Milburn crashed during a Silver Crown race.[112] In 1993, PIR ran its first night race, installing temporary lights to run a IMSA GT Championship race.[113] By 1995, seating capacity increased to "nearly 60,000", with Jobe stating that he had invested over $10 million (adjusted for inflation, $20,635,510) into the facility.[114] In 1997, Arizona Governor Fife Symington approved state funding for a five-lane bridge to be built over the Gila River that addressed long-lasting traffic concerns.[115]

ISC purchase

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The first rumors of a potential sale of PIR came in November 1996, with the Bruton Smith-owned Speedway Motorsports, Inc. (SMI) being named as potential buyers; according to the Republic. Both Jobe and SMI spokesman Humpy Wheeler denied the rumor, with Jobe stating he was getting "a little irritated" at the rumor.[116] Jobe reaffirmed his position in another Republic interview on March 22, 1997, stating, "How much stronger can I make this? I'm not selling."[117] However, on July 14, the Republic reported that PIR was "likely" purchased by the Florida-based International Speedway Corporation (ISC).[118] The purchase was confirmed in a press conference that same day, with ISC paying $46 million for the facility; Jobe remained as the president of PIR.[119] In 1998, a new 5,000-seat grandstand in the track's second turn named in honor of Bobby Allison was announced to increase seating capacity to "more than 72,000".[120] Three years later, a new scoring pylon was built to replace the tower built in 1988.[121] In 2002, Jobe retired as president of PIR,[91] with Watkins Glen International president Bryan Sperber replacing Jobe as president of PIR.[122] The following year, the track's dogleg was also reconfigured, with the dogleg being made wider for both increased safety and passing opportunities. The turn two wall was also extended to fully enclose the track.[123] The project started in May[124] and was completed in October for testing.[125] In December, PIR began installing SAFER barriers around the oval track's perimeter;[126] the installation was complete by January 2004.[127]

PIR officials began lobbying for a second NASCAR Cup Series race weekend in February 2003.[128] Despite Sperber stating the track was not seeking to install permanent lighting in January 2003,[129] PIR officials initiated negotiations with Arizona politicians to use tax revenue to construct lights and other road renovations in further efforts to allure a second Cup Series weekend.[130] After failing to receive it for 2004,[131] a second Cup Series weekend for 2005 was officially awarded on May 14 after Arizona government officials approved an allocation of $5 million in state funding to renovate roads near PIR.[132] A $5 million permanent lighting system to host night racing was installed soon after, being completed in March 2005.[133][134] In 2006, new amenities were constructed, including an extension of the Allison Grandstand to 14,000 seats and a new luxury lounge.[135][136][137] In 2010, seating capacity was reduced to 55,000 when seats were widened to 22 in (56 cm).[138]

2011 reconfiguration and 2018 renovations

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Refer to caption
Phoenix Raceway (pictured in 2017) after the 2011 reconfiguration.

On November 19, 2010, ISC officials announced a $100 million long-term project aimed at PIR's "development".[139] Approximately four months later, PIR track officials announced a repave and reconfiguration of the oval track; among said changes stated were the widening of the frontstretch by 10 ft (3.0 m) to 62 ft (19 m), the track's pit road being pushed back, and the dogleg being "pushed out" by 95 ft (29 m).[140] Additionally, the apron underneath the dogleg, which at the time was covered in grass, was paved over, subsequently leading to drivers often cutting the dogleg apron.[141] A ceremonial groundbreaking ceremony featuring driver Jeff Gordon breaking the old pavement apart with an excavator was held on February 27,[142] and construction began by April.[143] The repave was completed by October of that year for testing,[144] and it received positive reactions from numerous drivers, including Tony Stewart and Carl Edwards.[145] Despite changes, both attendance and seating capacity continued to decline; by 2014, capacity decreased further to 50,000 according to the Republic.[146]

On November 17, 2016, NBC Sports reported that PIR officials submitted a renovation project for ISC officials to approve.[147] 13 days later, the ISC board of directors approved the $178 million project. Within the project, plans were made to demolish the frontstretch grandstands, extend the Allison Grandstand, redesign the track's infield, shift the start-finish line to after turn two and before the dogleg, add additional suites, and implement other modernization improvements.[a] In September 2017, Ingenuity Sun Media (ISM) bought the naming rights for PIR starting in 2018, with the track being renamed to "ISM Raceway".[152] On August 20, 2018, Sperber announced his retirement as president of the facility,[153] with ISC Design & Development director of business operations Julie Giese being named as Sperber's replacement.[154] The renovation project was completed in time for the 2018 Can-Am 500.[155] In 2019, seating capacity decreased to 42,000 according to ISC archive records.[156] That same year, ownership of the facility was transferred to the sanctioning body of NASCAR when ISC was bought out by NASCAR.[157] The following year, ISM and the speedway ended their naming rights relationship despite a 10-year deal, with the track renaming itself to "Phoenix Raceway".[158] In November 2022, Giese stepped down as president of Phoenix Raceway to run operations for the Chicago Street Course,[159][160] with Bell Bank executive Latasha Causey taking over the position.[161]

Events

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Racing events

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NASCAR

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See also: Straight Talk Wireless 500, Freeway Insurance 500, GOVX 200, Xfinity 200, and NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series at Phoenix Raceway
Refer to caption
A NASCAR Cup Series race at Phoenix Raceway in 2022. Since 1988, the facility has held at least one Cup Series weekend annually.

The track hosts two annual NASCAR race weekends: the Straight Talk Wireless 500 and the fall Freeway Insurance 500.[108][162] The facility also features support events from the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series and the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, including the GOVX 200, the Xfinity 200, and the Craftsman 150.[163][164] In 2020, the fall events were moved from being the penultimate race of the season to the final race, replacing Homestead–Miami Speedway as the championship venue for all three NASCAR national series.[163] However, after six years, the championship race is scheduled to Homestead–Miami Speedway in 2026.[165]

Open-wheel racing

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See also: IndyCar Series at Phoenix Raceway

Phoenix Raceway has held numerous open-wheel racing events under various sanctioning bodies: primarily under the United States Auto Club (USAC), Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART), and IndyCar. Until the mid-1980s, the facility held two annual open-wheel races a year: the Jimmy Bryan Memorial and the Bobby Ball Memorial. Both iterations were inaugurated in 1964,[31][166] and were held annually by USAC until 1979, when both events were taken by CART.[167] The Bobby Ball Memorial ran until 1986, when it was dropped from the 1987 CART season.[168]

After 1986, the Jimmy Bryan Memorial was held and organized by CART until 1996, when control of the event was turned over to the Indy Racing League (IRL) in the midst of the CART–IRL split.[169] The race remained on the schedule until 2005, when it was dropped for the 2006 season.[170] Open-wheel racing did not come back to Phoenix Raceway until 2016, when IndyCar, formerly the IRL, returned.[171][172] However, the event was dropped after 2018;[173] according to IndyCar, the reason was due to poor attendance "despite considerable investment from both sides".[174]

In 2025, it was announced that IndyCar will return to Phoenix in 2026, sharing a weekend with NASCAR.[175]

Other racing events

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  • From 1977 until 2009, Phoenix Raceway hosted the annual Copper World Classic, a multi-division race weekend.[176][177]
  • From 1992 to 1995, Phoenix Raceway hosted an annual IMSA GT Championship race.[178][179]

Non-racing events

[edit]

Phoenix Raceway has held various EDM music festivals since the 2020s, including the Goldrush Music Festival,[180] Decadence Arizona,[181] and PHXLIGHTS.[182]

Lap records

[edit]

As of November 2024, the fastest official race lap records at Phoenix Raceway are listed as:

Category Time Driver Vehicle Event
Dogleg Oval: 1.645-km (2011–present)[183][184]
IndyCar 0:19.7379 Tony Kanaan Dallara DW12 2016 Desert Diamond West Valley Phoenix Grand Prix
Indy Lights 0:22.5541[185] Kyle Kaiser Dallara IL-15 2016 Indy Lights Grand Prix of Phoenix
NASCAR Cup 0:26.450[186] Denny Hamlin Toyota Camry 2019 Bluegreen Vacations 500
NASCAR Truck 0:26.774[187] Zane Smith Chevrolet Silverado 2020 Lucas Oil 150
NASCAR Xfinity 0:27.234[188] Justin Allgaier Chevrolet Camaro 2018 DC Solar 200
ARCA Menards 0:27.313[189] Connor Zilisch Chevrolet Camaro SS 2024 Desert Diamond Casino West Valley 100
Dogleg Oval: 1.609-km (1964–2010)[183]
Indy Racing League 0:20.791[190] Arie Luyendyk Reynard 95I 1996 Dura Lube 200
CART 0:21.240[191] Emerson Fittipaldi Penske PC-24 1995 Slick 50 200
Indy Lights 0:23.227[192] Greg Moore Lola T93/20 1995 Phoenix Indy Lights round
Formula Atlantic 0:24.012[193] Richie Hearn Ralt RT41 1995 Phoenix Formula Atlantic round
Road Course: 2.430-km (1991–2011)[183][184]
IMSA GTP 0:50.695[194] Juan Manuel Fangio II Eagle MkIII 1992 Checker Grand Prix
LMP900 0:54.795[195] James Weaver Riley & Scott Mk III 2002 United Auto 200
IMSA GTP Lights 0:56.262[194] Dan Marvin Spice SE91P 1992 Checker Grand Prix
WSC 0:56.675[196] Fermin Velez Ferrari 333 SP 1995 Exxon World Sports Car Championships
Daytona Prototype 0:57.159[197] Max Angelelli Riley MkXI 2004 Phoenix 250
LMP675 0:57.418[195] Marino Franchitti Lola B2K/40 2002 United Auto 200
Barber Pro 0:58.201[198] Nicolas Rondet Reynard 98E 2001 Phoenix Barber Pro round
Trans-Am 0:58.259[199] Tommy Kendall Ford Mustang Trans-Am 1997 Phoenix Trans-Am round
IMSA GTS 0:58.473[200] Darin Brassfield Oldsmobile Cutlass 1993 Checker Grand Prix
Grand-Am GTS 1:00.011[201] Tommy Riggins Ford Mustang 2003 AJ's Fine Foods 250
IMSA GTS-1 1:00.376[196] Charles Morgan Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme 1995 Exxon World Sports Car Championships
GT1 (GTS) 1:00.434[195] Chris Bingham Saleen S7-R 2002 United Auto 200
American GT (AGT) 1:00.435[195] Doug Goad Chevrolet Corvette 2002 United Auto 200
Grand-Am GTO 1:01.122[202] Terry Borcheller Saleen Mustang 2000 Phoenix Sun Automotive 200
GT 1:01.338[197] Bill Auberlen BMW M3 (E46) 2004 Phoenix 250
IMSA GTO 1:01.818[200] Joe Pezza Oldsmobile Cutlass 1993 Checker Grand Prix
Grand-Am GTU 1:01.900[202] Bill Auberlen BMW M3 (E36) 2000 Phoenix Sun Automotive 200
Porsche Carrera Cup 1:03.904[197] David Murry Porsche 911 (996) GT3 Cup 2004 Phoenix 250
IMSA Supercar 1:08.921[203] Shawn Hendricks Nissan 300ZX Turbo Stillen 1993 Checker Grand Prix
Long Road Course: 4.345-km (1964–1990)[183][184]
Group 4 1:44.400[204] Dave MacDonald Cooper Monaco King Cobra 1964 Phoenix National Open
Group 3 1:53.000[205] Ernie Kesling Shelby Cobra 1965 Phoenix National Races

Notes

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References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Phoenix Raceway

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from Grokipedia
Phoenix Raceway is a 1-mile (1.6 km) low-banked asphalt oval racetrack located at 7602 Jimmie Johnson Drive in Avondale, Arizona, in the foothills of the Estrella Mountains.[1][2] Opened on January 1, 1964, after being designed by Richard Hogue as the "Indianapolis of the West," the venue was initially known as Phoenix International Raceway.[2] It features a distinctive dogleg configuration on the backstretch, resulting in a tri-oval layout with banking ranging from 0 to 11 degrees across its turns and straights.[3] The track has a current seating capacity of 42,000 spectators, following a $178 million modernization project completed in 2018 that enhanced fan amenities and viewing experiences.[4][3] Since its inception, Phoenix Raceway has hosted a diverse array of motorsport events, beginning with United States Auto Club (USAC) stock car and Indy car races in its early years.[2] The first NASCAR Winston Cup Series (now NASCAR Cup Series) race occurred on November 6, 1988, won by Alan Kulwicki in the Checker 500.[2] Ownership transitioned in April 1997 when International Speedway Corporation (ISC) purchased the facility from Emmett "Buddy" Jobe, leading to expansions that increased seating to over 65,000 by the mid-1990s.[5] In 2019, NASCAR acquired ISC in a $2 billion merger, bringing the track under direct NASCAR ownership and integrating it into the organization's portfolio of premier venues.[6][7] The track name reverted to Phoenix Raceway in January 2020 following the end of the naming rights partnership with ISM Connect.[8] Today, Phoenix Raceway serves as a key fixture on the NASCAR schedule, hosting two NASCAR Cup Series races annually, including the season finale during Championship Weekend since 2020.[2] It also features events from the NASCAR Xfinity Series and NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, along with non-NASCAR activities such as concerts and community programs through Phoenix Raceway Charities.[9] The venue's unique layout challenges drivers with its short straights and tight turns, contributing to close racing and high attendance, exemplified by a record crowd of 102,000 on October 29, 1995.[2]

Overview

Location and background

Phoenix Raceway is situated at 7602 Jimmie Johnson Drive in Avondale, Arizona, approximately 20 miles southwest of downtown Phoenix, with geographic coordinates of 33°22′29″N 112°18′40″W.[1] The facility is conveniently accessible from major highways, including Interstate 10 (I-10), via Exit 128 at Litchfield Road, which leads directly to the main entrances.[1] Established in 1964 as Phoenix International Raceway, the venue was created as a 1-mile tri-oval track to provide motorsport entertainment in the Southwest United States, filling a regional gap for high-speed oval racing events.[2] The track features an asphalt surface and variable banking ranging from 0 to 11 degrees across its turns and straights, making it well-suited for oval racing competitions.[2] In 2018, the track underwent significant upgrades, including modernized facilities that established its current seating capacity at 42,000 spectators. Following a rebranding in 2020 back to Phoenix Raceway from its previous name ISM Raceway, ownership transferred to NASCAR in October 2019 through its acquisition of International Speedway Corporation.

Track layout and configuration

Phoenix Raceway originally opened in 1964 as a 1-mile D-shaped oval asphalt track, featuring a frontstretch measuring 1,280 feet and a backstretch of 1,551 feet, with banking of 8 degrees in turns 1 and 2 and 10 degrees in turns 3 and 4.[10] The design included a distinctive dogleg curve on one straightaway, contributing to its unique layout among American ovals, and the infield encompassed approximately 80 acres to support additional facilities like a drag strip.[2] In 2011, the track underwent a major reconfiguration to enhance racing dynamics and safety, achieved by repositioning turns 1 and 2 closer to the frontstretch, which effectively lengthened the frontstretch to 1,551 feet and shortened the backstretch to 1,179 feet.[11] Banking in turns 1 and 2 was increased from 8 degrees to 11 degrees, while the dogleg on the frontstretch was extended by 95 feet with variable banking up to 10-11 degrees to promote side-by-side competition.[11] The frontstretch was also widened from 52 feet to 62 feet, and the entire surface was repaved with asphalt.[11] Further modifications occurred in 2018 as part of a comprehensive $178 million modernization project, which relocated the start/finish line to the frontstretch near the exit of what became turn 3 after renumbering the corners to better align with new grandstand placements.[12][13][14] Pit road was extended and repositioned closer to the infield in turns 1 and 2 to integrate with the updated layout and improve access for teams.[15][16] Today, Phoenix Raceway maintains a tri-oval configuration spanning 1 mile, with straights approximately 60 feet wide and turns widened to 70 feet for optimal racing lines.[2] Banking varies across sections: 9 degrees on the frontstretch, 3 degrees on the backstretch and dogleg, 9 degrees in turns 1 and 2, and 11 degrees in turns 3 and 4.[17] The layout excludes any active road course elements, focusing solely on the oval for high-speed events.[2]

Facilities and amenities

Phoenix Raceway features a permanent grandstand seating capacity of 42,000, consisting of chair-back seats equipped with modern amenities such as cup holders and armrests.[9] The facility also accommodates up to 20,000 additional spectators in temporary hillside seating areas, enhancing overall event capacity.[9] Luxury suites number 54, with 38 air-conditioned options providing elevated views of the track, private restrooms, and catered services; these are positioned above the Bobby Allison Grandstand between Turns 3 and 4.[18] Premium club areas, including the Ally Curve club above Turn 3, offer lounge-style seating for up to 300 guests, air-conditioned comfort, complimentary beverages, and exclusive access to pre-race ceremonies and private patios.[19] The pit road, reconfigured during the 2018 renovations, spans 1,200 feet and includes 40 concrete stalls equipped with advanced fueling systems and electronic timing loops for precise race operations.[12] Adjacent garages provide dedicated space for teams, supported by a 1.25-mile access road that facilitates efficient entry and movement for haulers and personnel during event weekends.[2] Fan amenities at Phoenix Raceway emphasize comfort and accessibility, including free Wi-Fi coverage across grandstands, the midway, and infield areas to keep attendees connected.[20] Shaded seating options and family zones feature interactive activities, such as kids' play areas and sponsor exhibits, alongside diverse food vendors offering regional and trackside cuisine.[21] The infield includes a concert stage for live entertainment, complementing broader fan experiences like the Desert Diamond Casino Infield Experience.[20] A $178 million modernization project completed between 2018 and 2020 introduced wider concourses for improved pedestrian flow and additional restrooms to enhance visitor convenience.[12] Media and safety infrastructure includes a central control tower overlooking the track for race operations and broadcasting coordination.[22] An on-site medical center provides immediate emergency response capabilities, staffed with professionals during events.[23] Following safety enhancements in 2011, the facility installed SAFER barriers along key sections of the track, while catch fencing was upgraded to better contain debris and protect spectators.[24]

History

Planning and early construction (1960s)

In the early 1960s, Scottsdale developer and amateur sports car racer Richard Hogue conceived Phoenix International Raceway as a premier motorsport venue, aiming to establish it as the "Indianapolis of the West" to capitalize on Arizona's burgeoning Phoenix metropolitan area and its growing interest in auto racing.[2][14] Hogue, along with partners, acquired approximately 320 acres of agricultural land in Avondale, located southwest of Phoenix near the Estrella Mountains, to develop a multi-purpose facility including an oval track, road course, and drag strip.[14] The initial investment for the land and construction totaled around $500,000, reflecting the ambitious scale of the project in the desert environment.[18] Construction began following approval of the plans by the local planning commission on July 31, 1963, with groundbreaking occurring shortly thereafter in September.[25][26] The one-mile tri-oval track, featuring a distinctive dogleg on the backstretch influenced by road racing designs, was completed by January 1964, incorporating a 2.5-mile road course and quarter-mile drag strip into the layout.[2] Building in the arid desert posed logistical hurdles, including sourcing materials and managing the expansive site amid the region's challenging terrain.[18] The facility opened with a sports car event on the road course in February 1964, but its inaugural oval race was the USAC Phoenix 100 on March 22, 1964, drawing an attendance of 12,450 spectators.[2][18] A.J. Foyt won the 100-mile event, averaging 107.536 mph and marking the track's debut as a venue for open-wheel championship racing.[27] The initial grandstand was designed to accommodate expansion, though early events operated with more modest seating before later upgrades reached capacities of around 30,000.[18]

Hogue family ownership and initial operations

Phoenix International Raceway opened in 1964 under the ownership of Richard Hogue, a Scottsdale builder and amateur sports car racer who designed the facility as a multi-purpose motorsports complex at the base of the Estrella Mountains.[2] Construction of the one-mile asphalt oval and supporting road course elements cost approximately $500,000, funded through Hogue's development resources and partnerships.[28][18] The venue was initially family-operated, with Hogue and his wife Nancy managing day-to-day affairs, emphasizing open-wheel racing to attract regional enthusiasts despite limited Southwest interest in professional motorsports.[29] Early operations centered on United States Auto Club (USAC) events, with the track hosting two Indianapolis-style car races in its debut season, drawing a crowd of about 12,450 spectators.[18] Subsequent years featured annual USAC Champ Car series races, such as the Jimmy Bryan Memorial in 1969 and the Phoenix 150 in the early 1970s, which helped establish the venue as a key stop for open-wheel competitors like A.J. Foyt, who won the inaugural professional event.[18][30] Attendance grew modestly from initial figures of around 10,000 to over 20,000 per major event by the mid-1970s, supported by promoter J.C. Agajanian's efforts to secure larger purses, such as the $25,000 offered for the 1969 Jimmy Bryan 150.[18] Infrastructure improvements included the addition of bleachers and track resurfacing, with Nancy Hogue investing roughly $100,000 in upgrades between 1967 and 1969 to address deteriorating surfaces and enhance safety.[31] The Hogue era faced significant challenges, including financial pressures from low regional racing popularity and high maintenance costs for the sandy track environment, which caused traction issues and radiator damage during events.[31] The 1973 Arab oil embargo exacerbated these difficulties by reducing fuel availability and attendance across motorsports, leading to canceled races like the Phoenix 150 due to severe Salt River flooding that inundated the grounds.[32][29] Following Richard and Nancy's divorce around 1966–1967, Nancy assumed primary control, overseeing operations until selling the track in 1972 to General Vehicle Inc., controlled by Malcolm Bricklin, with Paul O’Shea assisting in the transaction, for an undisclosed sum while retaining a $250,000 mortgage; this marked the end of direct family involvement amid ongoing economic strains.[33][31]

Management transitions and rebranding (1980s–1990s)

Under intermediate ownership, including Malcolm Bricklin's control starting in 1972, the track was briefly renamed FasTrack International Raceway in 1973. In 1976, Dennis Wood, previously the track's general manager, acquired full ownership by buying out the consortium led by Tom Taber and Bob Fletcher for $325,000.[29][34][35] Wood, a former driver and sportswriter with deep ties to Arizona motorsports, emphasized operational stability and local event promotion during a period of financial uncertainty for the facility, which hosted a mix of USAC and regional races but struggled with inconsistent crowds.[35] This era of relative stability ended in 1985, when local businessman and rancher Emmett "Buddy" Jobe purchased the track and surrounding property from Wood for $2.75 million, initially viewing it as a real estate investment.[2][36] Jobe shifted focus toward elevating the venue's national profile by pursuing high-profile sanctioning body agreements, particularly with NASCAR, to secure premier series dates and increase revenue streams. Under his leadership, the track hosted its inaugural NASCAR Cup Series event, the 1988 Checker 500, which drew a then-record crowd of 60,000 spectators and was won by Alan Kulwicki.[18] This success helped establish Phoenix as a key Southwestern stop on the NASCAR circuit, with Jobe advocating for additional dates to capitalize on growing fan interest in stock car racing.[37] A notable operational upgrade during Jobe's tenure came following a 1992 IMSA Camel GT event that used temporary illumination. The early 1990s U.S. recession contributed to attendance fluctuations, with non-NASCAR events like the 1990 USAC IndyCar race attracting only 12,450 fans, reflecting reduced disposable income and regional tourism impacts.[18] Despite these dips, Jobe's strategic emphasis on NASCAR integration laid groundwork for recovery, as evidenced by a record 102,000 attendees at the 1995 Dura Lube 500.[2] No major rebranding initiatives occurred during this period, though promotional efforts under Wood and Jobe highlighted the track's desert location and community roots to foster local loyalty amid ownership shifts.[38]

Expansion under Jobe and ISC acquisition (2000s)

Following the sale of Phoenix Raceway to Emmett "Buddy" Jobe in 1985, the track experienced significant growth under his ownership, including infrastructure improvements that helped secure a permanent spot on the NASCAR Winston Cup Series schedule starting with the inaugural race in 1988. Jobe's efforts focused on enhancing facilities to attract major events, but by 1997, International Speedway Corporation (ISC) acquired the venue from Jobe, marking a pivotal shift toward integration with NASCAR's broader ecosystem and enabling further synergies in promotion and operations.[2][3][5] Under ISC ownership in the 2000s, the track pursued aggressive expansions to capitalize on growing demand for NASCAR events, including the installation of a permanent lighting system in November 2004, which facilitated night racing and paved the way for a second annual NASCAR Cup Series date beginning in 2005. This addition of the Subway Fresh 500 in April 2005 doubled the venue's major racing weekends, with the inaugural spring event drawing a sold-out crowd and boosting overall visibility. Concurrently, major construction projects transformed the facility, such as the $25 million expansion of the Bobby Allison Grandstand from 2005 to 2006, which added thousands of seats and increased permanent capacity to 76,800, along with 26 new luxury suites and the Octane lounge for enhanced fan experiences.[18][5][39][2] These developments under ISC led to operational enhancements, including improved access roads widened in 2005 and the introduction of dedicated fan areas to accommodate larger crowds. Attendance for major NASCAR events consistently surpassed 100,000, reflecting the surge in popularity from the dual-race format and facility upgrades, while corporate suites provided premium hospitality options that strengthened sponsorship ties within the NASCAR family.[40][2][41]

Modern renovations and reconfiguration (2010s–2020s)

In 2011, International Speedway Corporation (ISC) initiated a $15 million repaving and reconfiguration project at Phoenix Raceway to enhance racing quality and address the aging track surface, which had not been repaved since 1990. The key changes included moving the dogleg on the backstretch closer to Turn 3, widening the frontstretch by 10 feet to 62 feet, and introducing variable banking in Turns 1 and 2 (9 to 11 degrees), while maintaining the overall one-mile length. Approved by ISC, the work was completed in time for the 2012 season, resulting in faster lap times—such as NASCAR Cup Series poles improving from around 136 mph in 2010 to 137 mph in 2011—due to the smoother asphalt and tighter racing line options.[3][18][42] Building on prior expansions, the 2018–2020 period saw a comprehensive $178 million modernization effort launched by ISC after the spring NASCAR race in 2018, transforming the venue into a premier playoff host. Major updates relocated the start/finish line to the backstretch for better sightlines, widened pit stalls to 18 feet with concrete resurfacing, demolished outdated grandstands, and added 5,000 new seats, 54 luxury suites, a pedestrian tunnel under the track, and enhanced fan zones including a pre-race entertainment area and expanded media facilities. These changes, completed in phases by the fall 2018 Can-Am 500, focused on elevating the guest experience and accommodating championship events while preserving the track's core oval configuration.[12][43][44] The 2020s brought further evolution under NASCAR's direct ownership following its 2019 merger with ISC, which integrated Phoenix Raceway into NASCAR's portfolio of 12 owned tracks. In early 2025, the naming rights agreement with ISM Connect was discontinued, reverting the venue's name to Phoenix Raceway.[45] Recent preparations have centered on sustaining the venue's role in high-profile racing, including hosting the 2025 NASCAR Championship Weekend from October 31 to November 2 and scheduling the NTT IndyCar Series return for the weekend of March 6–8, 2026, as part of a doubleheader with NASCAR events. These updates have bolstered safety through ongoing SAFER barrier expansions encircling the entire outside wall and additional tire barriers in high-impact areas. Economically, the track generates an annual impact exceeding $173 million for the region via races, tourism, and related spending.[46][47][48][49]

Events

NASCAR events

Phoenix Raceway first hosted a NASCAR Cup Series race on November 6, 1988, with the Checker 500, won by Alan Kulwicki in front of a then-record crowd of 60,000 spectators.[2] This event marked the track's entry into the premier stock car series, then known as the Winston Cup Series, and it has remained an annual fixture on the schedule since that inaugural appearance.[18] Over the decades, the venue has become a staple of the NASCAR calendar, hosting high-stakes competitions that showcase the series' blend of speed and strategy on its one-mile oval. A pivotal milestone in the track's NASCAR history came in 2020, when Phoenix Raceway was selected to host the inaugural NASCAR Cup Series Championship as part of the expanded playoff format.[50] It continued this role through the 2025 season, crowning champions including Kyle Larson in 2025, before the event rotates to Homestead-Miami Speedway in 2026.[51] In 2025, the track featured two full NASCAR weekends for the first time since reconfiguration, with events in March and November, amplifying its prominence during the playoff push.[47] The spring Cup Series race, the Shriners Children's 500, covers 312 laps and supports the charitable efforts of Shriners Children's hospitals.[52] That year, the event introduced an optional softer tire compound alongside the primary tires, providing teams with strategic choices to enhance passing and race variability without mandating its use.[53] In 2026, the spring Cup Series race was titled the Straight Talk Wireless 500 and held on March 8 at Phoenix Raceway. Joey Logano qualified on the pole position. Pre-race betting odds (as of March 8, 2026, post-qualifying and varying by sportsbook) listed Ryan Blaney as the favorite at approximately +300 to +380, with Joey Logano at +500 and Kyle Larson at +750.[54][55][56] The NASCAR Xfinity Series began competing at Phoenix Raceway in 1999, initially as part of the Busch Series, with races evolving into key playoff contenders by the 2010s.[57] Similarly, the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series debuted there in 1995, bringing intense short-track-style action to the facility and establishing annual events that often serve as undercards to Cup races.[2] By 2025, Phoenix had hosted hundreds of NASCAR events across its national series, fostering rivalries and memorable performances, such as those by Kyle Busch, who secured three Cup Series victories at the track, including wins in 2005 and 2019.[58] The 2018 track reconfiguration, which moved the start-finish line to the exit of Turn 2 and paved the dogleg area while adjusting banking in the turns, has contributed to tighter fields and more frequent lead changes in these stock car events.[18]

Open-wheel and IndyCar events

Phoenix Raceway has a rich history in open-wheel racing, beginning with the United States Auto Club (USAC) Championship Car series from 1964 to 1978.[59] The track hosted its inaugural USAC event on March 22, 1964, the Phoenix 100, which was won by A.J. Foyt at an average speed of 107.536 mph, marking the first oval race at the one-mile facility designed specifically for Indy cars.[27] Over the next 14 years, Phoenix became a staple on the USAC calendar, featuring multiple races annually and attracting top drivers like Foyt, who secured additional victories, as well as Mario Andretti and Al Unser.[60] These events showcased the track's dogleg configuration, which promoted close racing on the short oval.[30] The venue hosted Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) events from 1979 to 1995, with races such as the 1983 Phoenix 150 season finale won by rookie Teo Fabi in his Skoal Bandit Lola.[61] These events, including names like the Copper World Classic, emphasized the track's suitability for high-speed passing due to its flat banking and tight layout, which allowed for aggressive maneuvers in open-wheel machinery.[59] The IndyCar Series (formerly the Indy Racing League) raced at Phoenix from 1996 to 2018, running the Desert Diamond West Valley Casino Phoenix Grand Prix as part of the Copper World Classic weekend, with races typically held in spring to avoid peak desert heat.[14] Notable winners during this era included Scott Dixon, who triumphed multiple times, and Josef Newgarden, who claimed the final event on April 7, 2018, by employing a late-race pit strategy to finish ahead of Robert Wickens and Graham Rahal.[62] Across USAC, CART, and IndyCar, the track has hosted approximately 150 open-wheel events, highlighting its enduring role in the sport.[3] Following the 2018 race, IndyCar discontinued events at Phoenix due to declining attendance and scheduling conflicts, leading to a hiatus from 2019 through 2025.[63] The series cited challenges in drawing crowds to the desert venue amid broader calendar adjustments and competition from other ovals.[64] On September 16, 2025, IndyCar announced its return for 2026, scheduling the Phoenix Grand Prix on Saturday, March 7, as a doubleheader weekend with NASCAR's Cup Series and Xfinity Series races on March 8.[65] This revival coincides with recent track modifications, including the 2011 shortening of straights to enhance oval racing dynamics.[48] The event will mark the series' 65th race at the facility, underscoring Phoenix's legacy for producing thrilling, pass-heavy competitions on its one-mile oval.[14]

Other motorsport events

Phoenix Raceway has hosted a range of motorsport events beyond its primary NASCAR and IndyCar series, including early drag racing, sports car competitions, and various local and regional series that have contributed to its multifaceted racing legacy. The facility's initial configuration included a dedicated drag strip, which supported straight-line racing in its formative years.[26] The track's drag racing operations began shortly after its 1964 opening, with the first formal event held on January 12, 1964, and a grand opening featuring $7,500 in prizes from February 29 to March 1. The 70-foot-wide, 3,000-foot strip, complete with paved fire-up and return lanes, was NHRA-sanctioned and hosted weekly Sunday night races starting July 11, 1965, attracting around 150 cars per event. Notable achievements included track records set by the Steinegger-Eshenbaugh A/FD at 194.80 mph and the Speed Sport fueler in 7.65 seconds. Full lighting was added in May 1965 to extend operations, but drag racing ceased after 1969 as the facility shifted focus to oval and road course activities; the strip's design integrated with the oval's shutdown area for safety.[26][2] Sports car and endurance racing have also featured prominently, particularly on the 1.51-mile road course. The inaugural event in February 1964 was an open sports car race won by Davey MacDonald. In October 1970, Steve McQueen secured victory in a 17-lap sports car event, setting a lap record of 1:41.09. The IMSA GT Championship arrived in 1992 with its debut race on October 4 under lights, marking the series' introduction at the venue; events continued annually through 1995. The Grand American Road Racing Association revived sports car action in April 2000, with Jack Baldwin and Irv Hoerr taking the win. These races highlighted the track's versatility for GT and prototype categories, though frequency has varied without becoming a staple.[2][66] Local and regional series have provided consistent grassroots competition, including ARCA Menards Series West events since 1977, when Cale Yarborough claimed the inaugural win. The full ARCA Menards Series debuted in 2020 with Chandler Smith victorious in the General Tire 200. USAC events added diversity, with the first midget race on November 25, 1973, won by Billy Englehart; Ken Schrader followed with wins in a midget event on January 31, 1981, and a Silver Crown race in September 1990. In the 1970s, the road course hosted motorcycle races, contributing to early diverse programming alongside occasional off-road demonstrations. These series, totaling over 100 events across decades, have ensured year-round activity and facility utilization.[67][2] Recent years have emphasized club-level racing and testing, with the Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) Arizona Region organizing autocross and solo events at the venue, such as the Fall 2025 Event 4 PASR and Spring 2026 series openers. Non-NASCAR testing sessions, including those for sports car teams, have occurred periodically, like the March 2024 Cup Series offseason test that also supported broader track preparation. These activities maintain the track's role as a hub for amateur and developmental motorsports.[68][69]

Non-racing events and concerts

Phoenix Raceway has hosted a variety of non-racing events, particularly electronic dance music (EDM) festivals produced by Relentless Beats, transforming its infield into a venue for large-scale music gatherings since the early 2020s.[70] These events include Decadence Arizona, an annual New Year's Eve festival that debuted at the track in 2015 but expanded significantly post-renovation, featuring artists like Zedd, GRiZ, and Subtronics in 2025.[71] Similarly, Goldrush Music Festival has been held at the venue since 2022, with its 2024 edition drawing crowds for performances by acts such as Ganja White Night.[72] Other notable festivals include PHXLIGHTS and Deadbeats Arizona, contributing to a total of 14 Relentless Beats events in 2023 that attracted approximately 250,000 attendees collectively.[70][73][74] Beyond music festivals, the venue accommodates diverse entertainment and community-oriented activities, such as the annual Zoomtown Lights holiday display, a drive-through spectacle launched in 2018 featuring over three million LED lights along a 1.6-mile course for vehicle-bound visitors.[75] Corporate expos and conferences utilize the facility's flexible spaces for business gatherings, while charity initiatives like Track Laps for Charity allow participants to drive personal vehicles on the oval for donations benefiting local causes.[76] The track also supports community runs, including 5K events tied to its charitable programs.[9] Phoenix Raceway Charities plays a central role in community engagement, organizing events that raise funds for education, youth development, and family support in Arizona, with initiatives like STEM programs and hunger relief drives amplifying the venue's off-track impact.[77] These non-racing activities, numbering over 50 annually alongside the music festivals, generate substantial economic benefits, including visitor spending that supports local jobs and contributes to the track's overall $272 million annual impact on the Arizona economy.[78][79] Following the $178 million renovation completed in 2018, which added modern infield zones and enhanced amenities, Phoenix Raceway has accommodated larger non-racing crowds, enabling festivals to expand from previous capacities and host up to tens of thousands per event in the expanded areas.[43][9] This evolution has solidified the venue's versatility, with the 2025 Decadence Arizona lineup—featuring emerging and established EDM artists—set to continue this trend, though full details remain forthcoming.[71]

Records and statistics

Lap records by series

The lap records at Phoenix Raceway vary by series and are influenced by the track's configuration changes, with the original 1-mile oval used prior to 2011 and the reconfigured 1.023-mile tri-oval in place since then.[2] Records are typically set during qualifying or race conditions under dry weather, with speeds calculated based on the respective track length.
SeriesTime (seconds)DriverYearSpeed (mph)Configuration Notes
NASCAR Cup Series27.566Denny Hamlin2025132.5Post-2011 (1.023-mile) during race lap (2025 Championship)
IndyCar Series~19.20Sébastien Bourdais2018188.539Post-2011 (1.023-mile) during qualifying (two-lap average)
ARCA Menards Series28.088Brent Crews2025~129Post-2011 (1.023-mile) during race
NHRA Top Fuel3.768 (1,000-ft)Brittany Force2025329.10Drag strip configuration; elapsed time
Separate records exist for the pre-2011 and post-2011 configurations due to the reconfiguration's impact on corner radii and overall length, which slightly increased lap times in stock car series while allowing higher top speeds in open-wheel racing. The all-time fastest lap at the venue is approximately 192 mph (two-lap average), achieved by Hélio Castroneves in an IndyCar test on the post-2011 layout under optimal conditions.[2][80]

Attendance and economic impact

Phoenix Raceway has historically drawn significant crowds for its major NASCAR events, with the track's peak recorded attendance reaching 102,000 fans during the 1995 fall NASCAR Winston Cup Series race.[2] Recent NASCAR Cup Series events have seen strong turnout, including sellouts for the 2024 Shriners Children's 500, reflecting the venue's capacity of approximately 42,000 seated spectators plus additional standing and infield areas.[81] Overall, the track welcomes around 713,300 visitors annually across all events.[70] For open-wheel racing, attendance has been more modest; the final IndyCar event in 2018 drew sparse crowds, contributing to the series' departure from the schedule.[82] The venue generates substantial economic activity for the Arizona economy, estimated at $173 million annually from its operations and events. The 2023 NASCAR Championship Weekend alone produced $160 million in demand for goods and services through out-of-state visitor spending. The 2025 Championship Weekend generated a projected $473 million in total economic impact, attracting fans from all 50 states and 21 countries (actual figures pending post-event analysis as of November 2025).[83][84] Following the $178 million renovations completed in 2018, Phoenix Raceway experienced significant growth in fan attendance, with multiple sellouts for NASCAR Cup races and increased engagement at major events.[85] Non-racing events, such as the 2023 Relentless Beats Music Festivals, have drawn 250,000 attendees, contributing meaningfully to the track's overall revenue through diverse programming like food truck festivals and concerts.[70] The track's operations support over 1,000 full-time and part-time jobs, including substantial seasonal employment for event staffing during peak race weekends.[70] This activity boosts tourism in Avondale and the greater Phoenix area, generating 84,900 bed nights for the 2024 Championship alone and an average daily spend of $452 per overnight visitor, while spurring infrastructure developments such as new hotels to accommodate growing visitor numbers.[70][86]

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