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Fox Sports Networks
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Fox Sports Networks (FSN), formerly known as Fox Sports Net, was the collective name for a group of regional sports channels in the United States. Formed in 1996 by News Corporation, the networks were acquired by the Walt Disney Company on March 20, 2019, following its acquisition of 21st Century Fox. A condition of that acquisition imposed by the U.S. Department of Justice required Disney to sell the regional networks by June 18, 2019, ninety days after the completion of its acquisition.[1] Disney subsequently agreed to sell the networks (excluding the YES Network, being reacquired by Yankee Global Enterprises) to Sinclair;[2][3] the transaction was completed on August 22, 2019.[4] The networks continued to use the Fox Sports name only under a transitional license agreement while rebranding options were explored.[5] A rebranding cross-partnership with Bally's Corporation took effect on March 31, 2021, and the networks were rebranded as Bally Sports, ending the Fox Sports Networks branding after 25 years.[6][7]
Key Information
Each of the channels in the group carried regional broadcasts of sporting events from various professional, collegiate and high school sports teams (with broadcasts typically exclusive to each individual channel, although some were shown on multiple FSN channels or syndicated to a local broadcast station within a particular team's designated market area), along with regional and national sports discussion, documentary and analysis programs.
Depending on their individual team rights, some Fox Sports Networks maintained overflow feeds available via subscription television providers in their home markets, which provided alternate programming when not used to carry game broadcasts that the main feed could not carry due to scheduling conflicts. Fox Sports Networks was headquartered in Houston, Texas, with master control facilities based in both Houston and Los Angeles; FSN also maintained production facilities at Stage 19 at Universal Studios Florida (which formerly served as home of Nickelodeon Studios until its closure in 2005).
History
[edit]Beginnings
[edit]
At the dawn of the cable television era, many regional sports networks (RSNs) vied to compete with the largest national sports network, ESPN. The most notable were the SportsChannel network, which first began operating in 1976 with the launch of the original SportsChannel (now MSG Sportsnet) in the New York City area and later branched out into channels serving Chicago and Florida; Prime Network, which launched in 1983 with Home Sports Entertainment (now Bally Sports Southwest) as its charter member network and later branched out onto the West Coast as "Prime Sports"; and SportSouth, an RSN operated by the Turner Broadcasting System.
On October 31, 1995, News Corporation, which ten years earlier launched the Fox Broadcasting Company, a general entertainment broadcast network that formed its own sports division in 1994 with the acquisition of the television rights to the National Football Conference of the National Football League, entered into a joint venture with TCI's Liberty Media, acquiring a 50% ownership interest in the company's Prime Sports affiliates Liberty in turn gained a stake in Fox's year-old cable channel FX.[8][9] On July 3, 1996, News Corporation and Liberty Media/TCI announced that the Prime Sports networks would be rebranded under the new "Fox Sports Net" brand;[10] the Prime Sports-branded affiliates were officially relaunched as Fox Sports Net on November 1 of that year.[11][12][13] The first new network to come out of the partnership was Fox Sports Arizona which launched on September 7, 1996, nearly two months before the existing networks would be rebranded.[14][15] That same year, Fox purchased SportSouth from Turner, and rebranded that network as Fox Sports South in January 1997.[16]
On June 30, 1997, the Fox/Liberty joint venture purchased a 40% interest in Cablevision/NBC's sports properties including the SportsChannel America networks, Madison Square Garden, and the New York Knicks and New York Rangers professional sports franchises, a deal worth $850 million; the deal formed the venture National Sports Partners to run Fox Sports Net's national programming operations.[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] In early 1998, SportsChannel America was integrated into the Fox Sports Net family of networks; SportsChannel Florida, however, remained as the lone SportsChannel America-branded network before it joined FSN as well in 2000 after News Corporation and Cablevision purchased Florida Panthers owner Wayne Huizenga's controlling interest in that network.[26]
Fox ownership
[edit]In 1999, Liberty Media (which had become a subsidiary of AT&T when AT&T acquired TCI earlier that year) sold its interest in Fox Sports Net and FX to News Corp. The sale was part of a complex transaction involving a stock swap that gave Liberty an 8% interest in News Corp, making it the second largest shareholder.[27] News Corp became the sole owner of Fox Sports Net.
On July 11, 2000, Comcast purchased a majority interest in the Minneapolis-based Midwest Sports Channel and Baltimore-based Home Team Sports from Viacom.[28] News Corporation, a minority owner in both networks, wanted to acquire them outright and integrate the two networks into Fox Sports Net. Home Team Sports had been affiliated with FSN since 1996.[29] The company filed a lawsuit against Comcast ten days later on July 21, in an attempt to block the sale.[30][31] On September 7, 2000, as part of a settlement between the two companies, Comcast traded its equity interest in Midwest Sports Channel (which became Fox Sports Net North) to News Corporation in exchange for exclusive ownership of Home Team Sports (which subsequently joined competing regional sports network Comcast SportsNet as Comcast SportsNet Mid-Atlantic, now NBC Sports Washington).[32]
In September 2004, Fox Sports Net became known simply as "FSN"; however, the former name remained in common use until 2010, when "Fox Sports Local" was adopted for use in referencing its regional networks. On February 22, 2005, Fox's then-parent company, News Corporation, acquired full ownership of FSN/Fox Sports Local, following an asset trade with Cablevision Systems Corporation, in which Fox sold its interest in Madison Square Garden and the arena's NBA and NHL team tenants in exchange for acquiring sole ownership of Fox Sports Ohio and Fox Sports Florida. Cablevision simultaneously gained sole ownership of Fox Sports Chicago and Fox Sports New York, and a 50% interest in Fox Sports New England (with Comcast retaining its existing 50% stake); Fox and Cablevision, however, retained joint ownership of Fox Sports Bay Area.[33][34]
Affiliate realignments
[edit]Fox Sports Chicago ceased operations in June 2006, after losing the regional cable television rights to local professional teams (including the Chicago Bulls, Blackhawks, Cubs and White Sox) two years earlier to the newly launched Comcast SportsNet Chicago.[35]
On December 22, 2006, News Corporation sold its interest in four Fox Sports regional networks—FSN Utah, FSN Pittsburgh, FSN Northwest and FSN Rocky Mountain—as well as its 38.5% ownership stake in satellite provider DirecTV to Liberty Media for $550 million in cash and stock, in exchange for Liberty's 16.3% stake in News Corporation.[36][37] On May 4, 2009, DirecTV Group Inc. announced it would become a part of Liberty's entertainment unit, with plans to spin off certain properties into a separate company under the DirecTV name, which would operate the four acquired FSN-affiliated networks through DirecTV Sports Networks,[38] a new division formed on November 19, 2009, upon the spin-off's completion.[39]
On April 30, 2007, Cablevision sold its 50% interests in the New England and Bay Area networks to Comcast for $570 million;[40] both networks became part of Comcast SportsNet, with FSN New England relaunching as Comcast SportsNet New England in July 2007 and FSN Bay Area relaunching as Comcast SportsNet Bay Area March 2008. Despite Cablevision's sale of the networks, the channels continued to use "Fox Sports Net/National Sports Partners" in its copyright tag until 2008 (the copyright used has since changed to "National Sports Programming").
On April 1, 2011, DirecTV Sports Networks rebranded its FSN regional affiliates under the Root Sports brand.[41]
In 2012, News Corporation acquired a 49% stake in the YES Network, the regional sports network in the New York metropolitan area co-owned by Yankee Global Enterprises.[42] It was also in that year that FSN/Fox Sports Local relocated its headquarters from the Fox Studio Lot in Los Angeles to Houston, and then re-branded to its current branding. The FSN owned-and-operated networks were spun off along with most of News Corporation's U.S. entertainment properties into 21st Century Fox on July 1, 2013. On January 25, 2014, 21st Century Fox then became the YES Networks' majority owner by purchasing an additional 31% share of it, increasing the company's ownership interest from 49% to 80%.[43] In September 2013, the network gained the affiliation for FSN's national programming (sharing it with MSG Plus, the former FSN New York)
Sale to Sinclair Broadcast Group
[edit]On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced its intention to acquire 21st Century Fox for $52.4 billion after the spin-off of certain businesses into a new entity (Fox Corporation). While the acquisition was originally slated to include Fox Sports' regional operations (which, presumably, would have been re-aligned with Disney's ESPN division),[44][45] the Justice Department ordered that they be divested within 90 days of the completion of the acquisition due to the concentration of the market that ESPN would hold.[46][47]
Sinclair Broadcast Group was mentioned as the most likely buyer for the other FSN networks, but would need the assistance of a private equity firm to help raise the cash needed for the purchase.[48][49] The group's other sports properties include Stadium—a national sports network distributed via over-the-air digital television and internet streaming, Tennis Channel, as well as Marquee Sports Network, a joint venture with the Chicago Cubs.[50] Over 40 parties were reported to have expressed interest, including Silver Lake Partners and William Morris Endeavor in a joint deal, Charter Communications, Discovery (who operates the Eurosport networks in Europe),[51] Amazon, Apollo Global Management, The Blackstone Group, CVC Capital Partners, Ice Cube and LL Cool J, KKR, Nexstar Media Group, Providence Equity Partners and YouTube.[52] Due to a clause imposed on the original sale,[53] Yankee Global Enterprises had a right of first refusal to purchase Fox's share in YES Network. Allen & Company and JPMorgan Chase, who were handling the FSN sale for Disney, asked that all bids include YES in their offers.[54]
Fox did not bid for the channels in the first round. On November 20, 2018, Amazon, Sinclair and CVC jointly,[55] Apollo, KKR and Tegna officially bid for the network.[56] It was also reported that a Sinclair/CVC joint venture was the leading bidder.[57][58] In December 2018, it was reported that due to the low bids, there was the possibility that the networks could be sold individually instead of as a single group, and that the banks were in talks with those who made partial bids, such as Amazon (who only bid for the YES Network) and Charter (who only bid for Fox Sports South). Minnesota Twins owner Jim Pohlad was reportedly interested in his team's broadcaster Fox Sports North.[59] Discovery CEO David Zaslav stated that the company had considered a bid, but that regional sports networks were a "very treacherous market".[60]
In a January 2019 SEC filing, Fox Corporation stated that it no longer had any plans to bid for the channels.[61] On January 11, 2019 CNBC reported that Apollo, Blackstone, CVC and other bidders except Sinclair backed out of the deal for the networks with the sole bidder being the Sinclair/CVC joint venture.[62] It was also reported that the possibility of spinning out the channels as an independent company was also being considered.[63][64] In February 2019, it was reported that Apollo and Sinclair had dropped out (but with the former seeking a new partner), but that Liberty Media and Major League Baseball had made offers.[65][66][67] Later that month, it was reported that Pohlad and Detroit Pistons owner Tom Gores (via his private equity firm Platinum Equity) had joined the Liberty Media bid.[68]
On March 8, 2019, it was reported that the Yankees had reached a deal to re-purchase Fox's share in the YES Network for $3.5 billion, with Sinclair, Amazon and The Blackstone Group holding minority shares. MLB also confirmed a $10 billion bid, seeking to use them to bolster the income of its small-market teams.[69][70] It was also reported that month that Ice Cube and LL Cool J (via Ice Cube's 3-on-3 basketball league Big3—which had Fox as its initial broadcast partner) were also preparing a bid of around $15 billion.[71] Big3 stated that it wanted to expand the channels to include programming covering "broader cultural and political topics" of local interest alongside sports. In April 2019, Big3 filed a complaint with the Department of Justice and FCC, accusing Charter Communications of attempting to "undermine" its bid by threatening to not carry the channels if it won the auction. Liberty Media owner John Malone has an ownership stake in Charter; the company denied Big3's allegations.[72] The final round of bids were due on April 15, 2019,[73] with bids having been in excess of $10 billion or higher. Liberty and MLB were reported to have partnered on a joint bid, Big3's bid contained $6.5 billion in debt and only $3 billion in outside funding, while Sinclair had re-entered contention in a joint bid with Apollo.[60]
On April 26 and May 2, respectively, Fox Business Network and The Wall Street Journal reported that Sinclair was nearing an agreement to purchase the networks for $10 billion.[74][75] On May 3, Sinclair officially announced that via its subsidiary Diamond Sports Group, it had agreed to purchase the networks for $10.6 billion, pending regulatory approval. At the same time, it was also revealed that Allen Media Group would hold an equity stake in the company and serve as a "content partner".[76] Three senators (Cory Booker, Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren) called for the sale to be reviewed by the Department of Justice, citing concerns over Sinclair's political views, and that it could use the networks as leverage for carriage agreements for its broadcast television stations.[77]
The sale was completed on August 22, 2019. The networks would continue to temporarily use the "Fox Sports" branding under a transitional license agreement with Fox Corporation; Sinclair CEO Chris Ripley stated that there were plans to eventually rebrand them under either a new name, or to "partner with a brand who wants more exposure". There were also plans to increase non-event programming, and emphasis on sports betting in its programming.[5] In November 2019, the Sun-Sentinel reported that Fox Sports Florida was to be rebranded "within the next few months".[78]
Due to carriage disputes, Dish Network and Sling TV dropped Fox Sports Networks in July 2019.[79] FuboTV dropped the channels in January 2020,[80] and YouTube TV and Hulu + Live TV followed in October 2020.[81][82]
On November 4, 2020, Sinclair took a $4.23 billion write-down on the FSN purchase.[83]
Rebranding as Bally Sports
[edit]On November 17, 2020, it was reported by Sportico that Sinclair was considering rebranding the networks via a naming rights agreement, and was reportedly in talks with multiple companies involved in sports betting.[84] The next day, Sinclair announced that it had entered into an agreement with casino operator Bally's Corporation to acquire the naming rights under a 10-year deal. The agreement included integration of Bally's content on the channels and other Sinclair properties (including its television stations, Stadium, and Tennis Channel), and a warrant giving Sinclair the option to acquire a 14.9% stake in Bally's Corporation, and up to 24.9% if performance criteria are met.[6] Sinclair announced in December 2020 that it planned to launch its own direct-to-consumer Bally's-branded streaming service, including live streaming of its linear sports networks, in 2021.[85]
On January 27, 2021, Sinclair announced that the networks would be rebranded as Bally Sports with Fox Sports Carolinas and Fox Sports Tennessee discontinued and their sports programming dispersed to the Bally Sports South and Southeast channels. To better reflect their target markets, Prime Ticket and SportsTime Ohio were rebranded as Bally Sports SoCal and Bally Sports Great Lakes, respectively.[86][87] In March 2021, Sinclair revealed that the relaunch would occur on March 31, the eve of Major League Baseball's Opening Day.[88]
Networks
[edit]Owned-and-operated
[edit]| Channel | Region served | Formerly operated as |
Year joined or launched |
Year left or closed | Currently operating as | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fox Sports Arizona | Arizona New Mexico Utah southern Nevada |
1996 | 2021 | Defunct | Launched September 7, 1996 as first network to use Fox Sports name. Network closed October 21, 2023 as Bally Sports Arizona due to losing all broadcast rights. | |
| Fox Sports Carolinas | North Carolina South Carolina |
2008 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network South | Launched in 2008, as a sub-feed of Fox Sports South, merged back upon Bally Sports rebrand. | |
| Fox Sports Detroit | Michigan northwestern Ohio northeastern Indiana northeast Wisconsin |
1997 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Detroit | Created through Fox Sports' acquisition of the local television rights to most of Detroit's professional sports teams from PASS Sports, resulting in Post-Newsweek Stations (owner of that market's NBC affiliate WDIV-TV) shutting down the latter in 1997. | |
| Fox Sports Florida | Florida southern Alabama southern Georgia |
SportsChannel Florida (1987–2000) | 2000 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Florida | Shares broadcast rights with sister network Fox Sports Sun; it was the last FSN network acquired by News Corporation through its joint venture with Liberty Media to retire the SportsChannel name, upon becoming Fox Sports Net Florida in 2000. |
| Fox Sports Houston | Southern Texas southern Louisiana |
2009 | 2012 | Defunct | Originally launched as a subfeed of Fox Sports Southwest; became a 24-hour channel on January 12, 2009.[89] Fox Sports Houston was the television home of the Houston Astros and the Houston Rockets until Comcast SportsNet Houston acquired the rights to both teams in 2012;[90] that deal resulted in the shut down of Fox Sports Houston on October 5, 2012, with the main Fox Sports Southwest feed replacing it on area cable providers.[91] Comcast SportsNet Houston became Root Sports Southwest after that network went into bankruptcy. | |
| Fox Sports Indiana | Indiana | 2006 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Indiana | Broadcast area originally served by Prime Sports Midwest and Fox Sports Midwest; Fox Sports Indiana became a separate channel in 2006, after Fox Sports acquired the regional broadcast rights to the Indiana Pacers. It is still considered as a subfeed of Fox Sports Midwest in some markets. Fox Sports South carries select Indiana Pacers games aired by Fox Sports Indiana in Kentucky. | |
| Fox Sports Kansas City | Kansas City, Missouri Kansas |
2008 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Kansas City | Broadcast area originally served by Prime Sports Midwest and Fox Sports Midwest; Fox Sports Kansas City was created as a spin-off of FSN Midwest, after it acquired the broadcast rights to the Kansas City Royals from the defunct Royals Sports Television Network in a long-term deal with the team. Fox Sports Midwest remains available in the region, carrying St. Louis Cardinals game telecasts that Fox Sports Kansas City is unable to broadcast due to conflicts with Royals telecasts. Some of the channel's programming is produced by Fox Sports Midwest. | |
| Fox Sports Midwest | Missouri southern Illinois Iowa Nebraska |
Prime Sports Midwest (1989–1996) | 1996 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Midwest | Cardinals games carried by Fox Sports Midwest are, respectively, broadcast by Fox Sports South in West Tennessee and Fox Sports Tennessee in northern Mississippi. Fox Sports Midwest re-acquired the local television rights to the Royals in 2008, following the shutdown of the Royals Sports Television Network, resulting in the creation of spin-off channel Fox Sports Kansas City. |
| Fox Sports New Orleans | Louisiana | 2012 | 2021 | Defunct | Launched in October 2012, and created through Fox Sports' acquisition of the local broadcast rights to the then-New Orleans Hornets.[92] Network closed October 21, 2024 as Bally Sports New Orleans due to losing major sports rights. | |
| Fox Sports North | Minnesota Wisconsin Iowa North Dakota South Dakota |
Midwest Sports Channel (1989–2000) | 1997 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network North | Fox Sports North operates regional subfeeds for the Minnesota/Dakotas region. The Wisconsin feed, which is not available in areas of the state adjacent to the Minneapolis–St. Paul market, was spun off in April 2007 into the separate Fox Sports Wisconsin, which also carries select game broadcasts from Fox Sports North. |
| Fox Sports Ohio | Ohio eastern Indiana Kentucky northwestern Pennsylvania, southwestern New York |
SportsChannel Ohio (1989–1998) | 1998 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Ohio | Reds games broadcast by Fox Sports Ohio are televised on local origination cable channels in portions of Tennessee (including the Nashville market) and western North Carolina. AT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh broadcasts select Cavaliers games televised by Fox Sports Ohio. Separate subfeeds also exist for the Cincinnati and Cleveland markets with the Reds owning a 50% stake in the Cincinnati subfeed. |
| Fox Sports Oklahoma | Oklahoma | 2008 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Oklahoma | Broadcast area formerly served by Fox Sports Southwest; Fox Sports Oklahoma launched on October 29, 2008, created through a broadcast agreement in which Fox Sports Southwest and then-independent station KSBI (which carried select games produced by Fox Sports) acquired the television rights to the Oklahoma City Thunder. Select Dallas Mavericks NBA games televised by Fox Sports Southwest are broadcast on Fox Sports Oklahoma in areas within 75 miles of the Oklahoma City market. The channel also carries Big 12 Conference and occasional Texas Rangers games from Fox Sports Southwest; some Fox Sports Southwest-televised games are available through the Fox Sports Oklahoma Plus overflow feed. | |
| Fox Sports San Diego | San Diego | 2012 | 2021 | Defunct | Launched in March 2012, as a sub-feed of Prime Ticket. Network liquidated in April 2024 as Bally Sports San Diego following a settlement with the San Diego Padres relating to repeated failures to pay the team the previous year. | |
| Fox Sports South | Georgia Mississippi Alabama Kentucky |
SportSouth (original; 1990–1996) | 1996 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network South | Sister network Fox Sports Southeast shares Atlanta Braves and Hawks broadcast rights with Fox Sports South. Production of the Braves game telecasts aired by Atlanta independent station WPCH-TV was transferred from Turner Sports to Fox Sports South in 2011 (a byproduct of the Turner Broadcasting System's local marketing agreement with the Meredith Corporation that consolidated WPCH's operations with CBS affiliate WGCL-TV). On February 28, 2013, Fox Sports South and the then-SportSouth reached a deal with the Braves to acquire the 45-game package held by WPCH, rendering the team's game telecasts cable-exclusive beginning with the 2013 season and ending the station's 40-year relationship with the Braves.[93] |
| Fox Sports Southeast | Georgia Alabama Mississippi Tennessee North Carolina South Carolina |
Turner South (1999–2006) SportSouth (2006–2015) |
2006 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Southeast | Formerly known as Turner South, and operated as a general entertainment cable channel, from 1999 to October 13, 2006, when it adopted the name SportSouth following its sale by Time Warner's Turner Broadcasting System subsidiary to then Fox Sports Networks parent News Corporation. SportSouth and Fox Sports South aired Atlanta Thrashers games until the team's relocation to Winnipeg (as the Winnipeg Jets) in 2011. Fox Sports South carries select Memphis Grizzlies games aired by SportSouth in Kentucky. SportSouth was rebranded as Fox Sports Southeast on October 5, 2015, citing viewer confusion caused by the Fox Sports Networks' 2012 rebranding that replaced the "FS" with "Fox Sports" as a prefix for the regional outlets.[94][95] |
| Fox Sports Southwest | Texas Arkansas northern Louisiana parts of New Mexico |
Home Sports Entertainment (1983–1994) Prime Sports Southwest (1994–1996) |
1996 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Southwest | |
| Fox Sports Sun | Florida | Sunshine Network (1988–2004) Sun Sports (2004–2015) |
1996 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Sun | Originally a Prime Network affiliate, Fox Sports and Liberty Media acquired the network in 1996. |
| Fox Sports Tennessee | Tennessee southern Kentucky |
2008 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network South | Launched in 2008, as a sub-feed of Fox Sports South. Merged back upon Bally Sports rebrand. | |
| Fox Sports West | Southern California Southern Nevada Hawaii |
Prime Ticket (original; 1985–1994) Prime Sports West (1994–1996) |
1996 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network West | Fox Sports West lost the broadcast rights to the Los Angeles Lakers after the 2011–12 NBA season, as a result of a 20-year agreement with Time Warner Cable (now Charter Communications) to broadcast the team's games on Spectrum SportsNet and Spectrum Deportes, which both launched in October 2012;[96] Formerly held the rights to the Los Angeles Sparks and the Los Angeles Galaxy before losing them to Spectrum. |
| Fox Sports Wisconsin | Wisconsin western Upper Peninsula of Michigan eastern Minnesota northwestern Illinois Iowa |
2007 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network Wisconsin | Formerly operated as a sub-feed of Fox Sports North beginning in 1998, Fox Sports Wisconsin became a separate channel in 2008 after Fox Sports North acquired the broadcast rights to the Milwaukee Brewers. It is still considered a sub-feed of Fox Sports North in some markets, and carries Minnesota Wild and Minnesota United FC games, which air on the alternate feed if the main feed is otherwise occupied. Fox Sports Wisconsin maintains master control and certain back office operations shared with Fox Sports North at the latter channel's headquarters in Minneapolis, but maintains separate production operations based in Milwaukee. | |
| Prime Ticket | Southern California Southern Nevada Hawaii |
Fox Sports West 2 (1997–2006) | 1997 | 2021 | FanDuel Sports Network SoCal | Prime Ticket aired Los Angeles Dodgers games from 1997 to 2013 when Fox lost the broadcast rights to Spectrum SportsNet LA, a joint venture between the team and Time Warner Cable that launched in April 2014.[97] |
| SportsTime Ohio | Ohio eastern Indiana Kentucky northwestern Pennsylvania southwestern New York |
2012 | 2021 | Defunct | Launched in 2006, after the Cleveland Indians declined to renew its broadcast contract with Fox Sports Ohio; Fox would eventually purchase the network on December 28, 2012. |
Affiliates
[edit]| Channel | Region served | Formerly operated as |
Year joined or launched |
Year left or closed | Currently operating as | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh | Pennsylvania West Virginia parts of Maryland, Kentucky and Ohio |
KBL Entertainment Network (1986–1995)
Prime Sports KBL (1995–1996) |
1996 | 2021 | Acquired by Liberty Media in 2008 as part of an asset swap with then-Fox Sports owner News Corporation, these networks were spun off into the AT&T Sports Networks division of DirecTV in 2009.[98] DirecTV's Fox Sports affiliates were rebranded as Root Sports on April 1, 2011, and all except Northwest later rebranded as AT&T SportsNet in 2017 after AT&T acquired DirecTV two years earlier.[41] AT&T SportsNet Southwest is the only network in the group that does not air Bally Sports-sourced programming. | |
| AT&T SportsNet Rocky Mountain/Rocky Mountain West | Colorado New Mexico Nevada Utah Wyoming parts of Arizona, California, Idaho, Nebraska and South Dakota |
Prime Sports Network (1988–1989) Prime Sports Network- Rocky Mountain (1989–1995) Prime Sports Rocky Mountain (1995–1996) Fox Sports Rocky Mountain (1996–2011) Root Sports Rocky Mountain (2011–2017) |
1996 | 2021 | defunct | Rebranded as SportsNet Rocky Mountain in October 2023, before ceasing operations on December 31, 2023.[99] |
| BayTV | San Francisco Bay Area | 1997 | 2000 | Defunct | Partially owned by TCI; signed a three-year affiliation agreement in March 1997 due to Cablevision's initial refusal to allow SportsChannel Pacific to carry FSN programming. Carried Fox Sports News, Pac-10 games and Thursday Night Baseball. Fox Sports News was moved to Fox Sports Bay Area in March 1998, but Pac-10 games continued to air on BayTV until January 2000. | |
| Comcast SportsNet Bay Area | Northern and central California northwestern Nevada parts of southern Oregon |
Pacific Sports Network (PSN) (1989–1991) SportsChannel Bay Area (1990–1991) SportsChannel Pacific (1991–1998) Fox Sports Bay Area (1998–2008) |
1998 | 2012 | NBC Sports Bay Area | In April 2007, Cablevision sold its 60% interest in FSN Bay Area to Comcast. The network was rebranded as Comcast SportsNet Bay Area on March 31, 2008, and continued to carry select FSN programming until August 2012. Fox Sports sold its stake in the network to Comcast in April 2008. Continued affiliation as Comcast SportsNet Bay Area until 2012. Programming sometimes aired on Comcast SportsNet California. |
| Comcast SportsNet Chicago | Northern Illinois northern Indiana eastern Iowa |
2006 | 2012 | defunct | Affiliated after closure of Fox Sports Chicago. Rebranded as NBC Sports Chicago on October 2, 2017.[100] NBC Sports Chicago discontinued service on September 30, 2024, following its loss of local broadcast rights to the Bulls, Blackhawks and White Sox.[101] | |
| Comcast SportsNet Mid-Atlantic | Maryland Virginia Washington, D.C. southern Pennsylvania eastern West Virginia southern Delaware |
Home Team Sports (1984–2001) | 1997 | 2012 | Monumental Sports Network | Comcast SportsNet Mid-Atlantic rebranded as NBC Sports Washington on October 2, 2017.[102] NBC Sports Washington rebranded as Monumental Sports Network on September 12, 2023.[103] |
| Comcast SportsNet New England | Massachusetts eastern and central Connecticut Vermont Maine New Hampshire Rhode Island |
PRISM New England (1981–1983) SportsChannel New England (1983–1998) Fox Sports New England (1998–2007) |
2000 | 2012 | NBC Sports Boston | Rebranded in January 1998, along with the other former SportsChannel RSNs. Despite the new name, the network was blocked from affiliating with FSN until January 1, 2000, due to an existing agreement with the New England Sports Network. In April 2007, Cablevision sold its 50% interest in FSN New England to Comcast, effectively giving the latter full ownership of the channel. It was rebranded as Comcast SportsNet New England on July 1, 2007, and continued to carry select FSN programming until August 2012. |
| Comcast SportsNet Philadelphia | Eastern Pennsylvania South Jersey Delaware |
1997 | 2012 | NBC Sports Philadelphia | ||
| Empire Sports Network | Upstate New York northern Pennsylvania eastern Ohio |
1996 | 2005 | Defunct | Previously a Prime Network affiliate, it became an FSN affiliate by default in 1996, though it did not use FSN branding. The channel was shuttered in 2005 (due to the bankruptcy of parent company Adelphia) and was replaced by MSG Network and later MSG Western New York. | |
| Fox Sports Chicago | Northern Illinois northern Indiana eastern Iowa |
Sportsvision Chicago (1982–1989) SportsChannel Chicago (1989–1998) |
1998 | 2006 | Defunct | FSN Chicago served as the production hub for the Chicago Sports Report, Ohio Sports Report and Bay Area Sports Report (all of which were 50% owned by Rainbow Sports/Cablevision). NBC Sports Chicago aired FSN's national programming from 2006 until August 2012, and occupied FSN Chicago's former facilities at 350 North Orleans Street, which also houses the offices of the Chicago Sun-Times. The former Chicago Sports Report set was purchased by NBC affiliate WREX in Rockford, Illinois for use as that station's main news set. FSN Chicago shut down on June 23, 2006. |
| Marquee Sports Network | Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, parts of Wisconsin | 2020 | 2021 | Launched in 2020 and co-owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group and Chicago Cubs, restoring Fox Sports Network programming to the Chicago market after more than a five-year absence. | ||
| Mid-Atlantic Sports Network | Washington, D.C., Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, West Virginia, Pennsylvania and Delaware | 2013 | 2021 | Aired most Fox Sports-sourced programming on MASN2. | ||
| MSG Network | New York northern New Jersey northeast Pennsylvania southern Connecticut |
1998 | 2021 | After Cablevision became a partner in FSN and converted their SportsChannel networks to the FSN banner, MSG Network also became an FSN outlet, albeit keeping its own branding and graphics (a variant of the MSG logo of the time with a Fox Sports Net logo underneath was used on occasion). MSG carried FSN programming at different times to FSN New York and also contributed footage to FSN programs. (Prior to either MSG or SportsChannel New York, then-independent station WBIS-TV, now WPXN-TV, carried FSN programming as part of its sports offerings.) | ||
| MSG Plus | New York northern New Jersey northeast Pennsylvania southern Connecticut |
Cablevision Sports 3 (1976–1979) SportsChannel New York (1979–1998) Fox Sports New York (1998–2008) |
1998 | 2021 | MSG Sportsnet (MSGSN) | Operates as a sister network of MSG Network; Owned by MSG Networks, a spin-off of Cablevision. Fox previously had partial ownership of the network. It was rebranded as MSG Plus on March 10, 2008.[104][105] Starting in 2013, MSG Plus aired a reduced schedule of Fox Sports programming, with certain other programs airing on YES Network. MSG Plus was rebranded as MSG Sportnet (MSGSN) on September 26, 2022.[106] |
| New England Sports Network | Massachusetts, eastern and central Connecticut, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire and Rhode Island | 1996 | 1999 | SportsChannel New England rebranded to Fox Sports New England in January 1998, but carried no FSN national programming until NESN's contract expired on December 31, 1999. | ||
| Root Sports Northwest | Washington Alaska Montana Oregon Western Idaho |
Northwest Cable Sports (1988–1989) Prime Sports Northwest (1989–1996) Fox Sports Northwest (1996–2011) |
1996 | 2021 | ||
| Root Sports Utah | Utah | Prime Sports Network- Utah (1989–1990) Prime Sports Network- Intermountain West (1991–1995) Prime Sports Intermountain West (1995–1996) Fox Sports Utah (1996–2011) |
1996 | 2017 | Merged into AT&T Sportsnet Rocky Mountain | |
| Wisconsin Sports Channel | Wisconsin | Wisconsin Sports Network (1996–1997) | 1997 | 1997 | FanDuel Sports Network Wisconsin | Merged into Midwest Sports Channel (later known as Fox Sports North) and then split again to form Fox Sports Wisconsin |
| YES Network | New York northern New Jersey northeast Pennsylvania southern Connecticut |
2013 | 2021 | Launched in 2002, News Corporation acquired a 49% stake in YES in November 2012, in a deal that included an option to allow the company to expand its interest in the network to 80% within three years.[42] The option carried over to 21st Century Fox, following its founding through the subsequent 2013 spin-off of News Corporation's entertainment assets, which exercised the option for Fox Sports to acquire 80% majority control of YES (with the network's founding parent Yankees Global Enterprises retaining the remaining 20%) in January 2014.[43] YES later began carrying Fox Sports-sourced programming in September 2013; prior to the Fox Sports purchase, YES had carried select Yankees game telecasts over-the-air broadcast on Fox-owned MyNetworkTV station WWOR-TV and the Tribune-owned station WPIX. On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced their intent to acquire 21st Century Fox for $52.4 billion after the spin-off of certain businesses to a "New Fox" company, while the acquisition was originally slated to include Fox Sports' regional operations, the Justice Department ordered their divestment under antitrust grounds, citing Disney's ownership of ESPN. Yankee Global Enterprises invoked a clause the rights to buy their stake of the YES Network back following the acquisition from Disney. On March 8, 2019, it was reported that the Yankees had reached a deal to re-purchase Fox's share in the network for $3.5 billion, with Sinclair Broadcast Group, Amazon.com and The Blackstone Group holding minority shares. |
Partner services
[edit]Comcast SportsNet
[edit]From its inception in 1997 until July 31, 2012, Comcast maintained an agreement to carry select programming sourced from Fox Sports Net on its six Comcast SportsNet regional networks: Comcast SportsNet Bay Area, Comcast SportsNet California, Comcast SportsNet Chicago, Comcast SportsNet Mid-Atlantic, Comcast SportsNet New England and Comcast SportsNet Philadelphia.[107]
This deal stemmed from the circumstances surrounding the 1997 launch of the original Comcast SportsNet in Philadelphia, where Rainbow's regional sports network SportsChannel Philadelphia, and sister premium service PRISM (which offered a mix of sports and movies) were seemingly gutted by Comcast's acquisition of Spectacor—owner of the Philadelphia Flyers—and a stake in the Philadelphia 76ers, with plans to launch their own network,[108][109][110] only for Rainbow to join Fox and Liberty, possibly meaning SportsChannel and PRISM would become FSN affiliates instead.[111][112] Ultimately, the potential issues were settled in a deal that saw PRISM and SportsChannel's local coverage move to Comcast SportsNet, which would then become an FSN affiliate, while PRISM was replaced by Liberty's premium movie network Starz!.[113][114][115][116]
Most of Fox Sports Networks' other programming was later carried in the Baltimore and Washington, D.C. markets on MASN2. Select games were also shown on Cox Communications local origination channels (later branded YurView), mostly in Rhode Island and Virginia. The Cox networks were exclusive to their cable systems.
Broadcast TV partners
[edit]At least two times in its history Fox Sports Net, partnered with broadcast TV stations to fill coverage gaps in markets where it did not have an affiliated regional sports network. Upon its launch, Fox Sports Net did not have an outlet in New York, the nation's largest media market (Cablevision's SportsChannel would not merge into Fox Sports until the following year). To overcome this obstacle, Fox Sports Net paid WBIS-TV $30 million to broadcast games and nightly news shows for the next five years. WBIS-TV itself was a new station that launched on July 1, 1996, when Dow Jones & Company and ITT Corporation purchased it from the City of New York. The Fox Sports programming complimented its "S+" format which combined sports programming and business news.[117]
From September 2012 to September 2013, Fox syndicated select college football and basketball games produced by the Fox Sports regional networks to broadcast television stations in some of the markets where the aforementioned Comcast SportsNet had dropped coverage. These stations included WLVI (Boston), KICU-TV (San Francisco), WMCN-TV (Philadelphia) and WDCA (Washington, D.C.).
Fox College Sports (FCS)
[edit]Fox Sports Networks also operated Fox College Sports (FCS), a slate of three digital cable channels (Fox College Sports Atlantic, Fox College Sports Central and Fox College Sports Pacific) featuring programming divided by region (primarily collegiate and high school sports, as well as minor league sports events) from each individual FSN network; the FCS networks also carry each affiliate's regional sports news programs and non-news-and-event programming (such as coaches shows, team magazines and documentaries). The three networks were, more or less, condensed versions of the 22 FSN-affiliated networks (including Comcast SportsNet Mid-Atlantic), though the channels also showed international events that did not fit within the programming inventories of FSN or Fox Soccer Plus (and prior to 2013, the latter's now-defunct parent Fox Soccer), such as the Commonwealth Games, World University Games and the FINA World Swimming Championships.
The three FCS channels offered FSN feeds from the following channels, including live Big 12 Conference football, Pac-12 Conference football and basketball and Atlantic Coast Conference basketball games. The channels also rebroadcast shows originally produced by and shown on the following listed networks:
- FCS Atlantic: Fox Sports South, Fox Sports Carolinas, Fox Sports Tennessee, Fox Sports Southeast, Fox Sports Florida, Fox Sports Sun, MSG Plus and AT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh;
- FCS Central: Fox Sports Detroit, Fox Sports Southwest, Fox Sports Oklahoma, Fox Sports North, Fox Sports Wisconsin, Fox Sports Midwest, Fox Sports Kansas City, Fox Sports Indiana and Fox Sports Ohio;
- FCS Pacific: Fox Sports Arizona, Fox Sports West/Prime Ticket, AT&T SportsNet Rocky Mountain and Root Sports Northwest.
Fox College Sports also broadcast high school and Independent Women's Football League games, and college magazine and coach's shows. Fox College Sports formerly partnered with Big Ten Network to provide programming.
High definition
[edit]All of the Fox Sports Networks regional affiliates maintained high-definition simulcast feeds presented in 720p (the default resolution format for 21st Century Fox's broadcast and pay television properties). All sports programming broadcast on each of the networks (including most team-related analysis and discussion programs, and non-event amateur sports programs) was broadcast in a format optimized for 16:9 widescreen displays, with graphics framed within a widescreen safe area rather than the 4:3 safe area, intended to be shown in a letterboxed format for standard definition viewers.
National programs
[edit]Programming strategy
[edit]The programming strategy adopted by most of the Fox Sports Networks was to acquire the play-by-play broadcast rights to major sports teams in their regional market. This did not include NFL games, since the league's contracts require all games to be aired on broadcast television in each participating team's local markets. Therefore, FSN focused on other major professional leagues, like the MLB, NHL, NBA and WNBA.
In addition to local play-by-play coverage, the FSN networks also broadcast and produced pre-game shows, post-game shows and weekly "magazine" shows centered on the teams that maintained rights with the individual network. In some markets, FSN competed directly with other regional sports networks for the broadcast rights to team-specific programming. FSN networks also purchased shows or broker time slots for sports and outdoors programming from outside producers in their region to fill out their schedule further, with Fox Sports purchasing additional programming for national airing. Finally, low-trafficked late night and early morning timeslots were programmed locally with paid programming.
Also, FSN competed directly with ESPN in acquiring the conference rights to various collegiate sports events. One notable agreement was that with the Pac-12 Conference, in which packages of football and men's basketball regular season games were broadcast across all FSN networks within the regions served by each Pac-12 member university. Fox Sports Networks broadcast the majority of the Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament, except the tournament final, as well as a few Pac-12 matches from other conference-sanctioned sports (such as baseball and volleyball).
Besides play-by-play game rights, FSN provided a common set of programming that was available to all its regional sports networks, most notably The Dan Patrick Show, The Best Damn Sports Show Period and Final Score (TBDSSP and Final Score eventually ceased production, while The Dan Patrick Show later moved to the NBC Sports Network). Until August 2012, in some of regions served by that RSN, member channels of the competing Comcast SportsNet (as mentioned above) carried FSN programming through broadcast agreements with Fox Sports.
Fox Sports Networks' national sports telecasts were formerly marketed under the "FSN" brand; these national programs began to use more generic branding with fewer references to FSN or Fox in 2008, as a result of a number of Fox Sports Net affiliates being rebranded or realigned with other RSN chains (including FSN New England and FSN Bay Area, which both became part of Comcast SportsNet; FSN New York's relaunch as MSG Plus, the sister to MSG Network; and the eventual relaunch of several FSN affiliates acquired by DirecTV Sports Networks under the Root Sports brand); however, these networks later reverted to utilizing Fox branding on their FSN-syndicated broadcasts.
National prime time programming
[edit]In addition to regional programming, the Fox Sports Networks carried some prime time programming distributed to all of the regional networks (including past and present series such as The Best Damn Sports Show Period and Chris Myers Interviews). FSN tried to compete with ESPN in regards to original programming, most notably with the National Sports Report, a daily sports news program designed to compete with ESPN's SportsCenter, which debuted on FSN in 1996. Originally a two-hour program known as Fox Sports News, the running time of National Sports Report was steadily cut back (eventually dwindling to 30 minutes) as its ratings declined and the cost of producing the program increased. FSN hired popular former SportsCenter anchor Keith Olbermann and used him to promote the show heavily; ratings continued to slide (especially as Best Damn Sports Show Period's popularity increased), however, leading Fox Sports to cancel the National Sports Report, which aired its last edition in February 2002.
In some markets, FSN aired the Regional Sports Report (whose headline title was usually customized with the name of the region in which the particular program was broadcast, such as the Midwest Sports Report or Detroit Sports Report), a companion news program focusing primarily on regional sports as well as highlights and news on other sports teams that debuted in 2000 to complement the National Sports Report; many of the regional reports were cancelled in 2002 due to increasing costs of producing the individual programs.[118]
Most of the national studio programming seen on FSN originated from the Fox Television Center in Hollywood, California; in 1998, operations moved to the new Fox Network Center, located on the 20th Century Fox backlot in Century City. Some programming was instead produced from the FSN headquarters in the Westwood district.
Live national play-by-play
[edit]- ACC football, and men's and women's college basketball (2001–2021)
- Big 12 college football and women's college basketball (1996–2020)
- Big East men's college basketball (2013–2020)
- Conference USA college football, and men's and women's college basketball (2011–2016, 2020–21)
- Pac-12 college football, and men's and women's college basketball (1996–2013)
- Thursday Night Baseball (1997–2000)
- UEFA Champions League soccer (selected Tuesday and Wednesday matches)
- UEFA Europa League soccer
- Formula One (1998–2000)
Other sports
[edit]- Association of Volleyball Professionals (pro beach volleyball)
- French Open, Indian Wells Masters and Miami Masters (tennis)
- Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Classic
- Invesco Series QQQ tennis tour
- Red Bull Air Race
- International Fight League (2006–2008)
- Pride Fighting Championships
- World Poker Tour
Former programming
[edit]- 2Xtreem Motorcycle TV (2008) – a renovation series focusing on motorcycle customizing, hosted by four-person team of current and former AMA licensed racers and mechanics. The show remains in production and was offered to FSN and its other networks in a brokered programming arrangement.
- 54321 (November 2002 – November 2003) – a short-lived action sports news and variety program hosted by Leeann Tweeden, Chad Towersey, Kip Williamson and Jason "Wee-Man" Acuña.
- Amazing Sports Stories (2007–2011) a weekly half-hour re-enactment series illustrating various sports-related human interest stories (among those recounted included those on Bert Shepard's only game as a major-league pitcher, in which he made history as the first Major League Baseball player to play wearing a prosthetic device (it replaced one of his legs); Jackie Mitchell, a female pitcher who struck out Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig in an exhibition game; Lawrence Lemieux, a Canadian Olympic yachtsman who sacrificed his chance at a medal to save the life of two fellow competitors from Singapore; and Ben Malcolmson, a writer for the University of Southern California newspaper The Daily Trojan who walked onto the USC Trojans football team).
- Baseball's Golden Age (July 6 – September 28, 2008) – a 13-episode documentary series profiling the history of baseball from the 1920s to the 1960s, illustrated partly using archived film footage.
- BCS Breakdown (September 2006 – 2011) – a preview of the week's top college football games, with analysis on their potential influence on the Bowl Championship Series standings; the program was hosted by Tom Helmer, with Gary Barnett and Petros Papadakis as analysts. The program was created through Fox Sports' acquisition of the television rights to the Bowl Championship Series (with the exception of the Rose Bowl Game) that ran until the 2011 series.
- The Best Damn Sports Show Period (July 23, 2001 – June 30, 2009) – a late-night panel discussion program featuring analysis of sports headlines and interviews.
- Beyond the Glory (January 7, 2001 – January 1, 2006) – a biographical program focusing on events and notable athletes in sports.
- Boys in the Hall (2011–2012) a documentary series, narrated by Tom Brokaw, chronicling notable baseball players.
- Breaking Par (2016–2021) a monthly half-hour series that looks at the game of golf through a different lens.[119]
- The Chris Myers Interview (2008–2011) – an interview program featuring one-on-one discussions with sports figures, hosted by Chris Myers.
- The Dan Patrick Show (October 25, 2010 – October 17, 2012) – a simulcast of the sports talk radio program hosted by Dan Patrick; the program moved to NBC Sports Network (now NBCSN), Root Sports and the Audience Network in 2012.[120]
- Destination Polaris (2013–2021) A weekly magazine show focusing on all-terrain vehicles made by Polaris Industries, their owners, and what people do with their ATVs.[121] Sponsored by Polaris and runs on the network via a brokered-time agreement.
- FSN Across America (2003–2004) – a newsmagazine program featuring in-depth stories and interviews. Original co-host Carolyn Hughes was released by FSN citing a violation of a morals clause in Hughes's contract following the discovery of her affair with Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher Derek Lowe in 2004; the show was cancelled shortly afterward.
- The FSN Baseball Report (2006–2008) – a daily baseball analysis program aired during the Major League Baseball season.
- FSN Final Score (2006–2011) – a half-hour national sports news program (later retitled as simply Final Score on April 23, 2008) strictly focusing on game highlights that ran from July 3, 2006, to 2011; the program was originally anchored by FSN veterans Van Earl Wright, Barry LeBrock and Andrew Siciliano, later joined by newcomers Greg Wolf and Danyelle Sargent.
- FSN Pro Football Preview (2005–2010) – a weekly analysis program featuring previews of the week's upcoming National Football League games.
- Goin' Deep (2000–2001) – an hour-long newsmagazine series focusing on contentious issues in sports; the program was originally hosted by Joe Buck and later by Chris Myers.
- I, Max (May 10, 2004 – February 18, 2005) – a talk show hosted by Max Kellerman; the program was cancelled due to multiple factors, including Kellerman taking time away from the sports television industry after his brother's murder and creative differences regarding the show's future direction.
- In Focus on FSN (2006–2009) a half-hour series, hosted by Dick Enberg, taking a look at the impact of a particular sports event, mostly told through still photography.[122]
- The Last Word (March 1998 – May 2002) – a nightly sports analysis and discussion program originally hosted by Wallace Matthews (in New York City) and Jim Rome (in Los Angeles), the latter of whom later took over as the program's sole host.
- Million Dollar Challenge (2000) – a game show where six contestants compete in sports-related physical challenges for a chance to win up to $1 million.
- Mind, Body & Kickin' Moves (2007–2009) – a re-edited version of the British martial arts show Mind, Body & Kick Ass Moves.
- NASCAR This Morning (2001–2004) – a morning program featuring analysis and news around the NASCAR circuit.
- The Next Great Champ (2004, Episodes 5–10) – A reality television series where 12 fighters battled for a professional contract with Oscar De La Hoya's Golden Boy Promotions and a cash prize. The Fox television network cancelled the show after 4 episodes, and the final six aired on FSN. Otis Griffin was the winner of the competition.
- NFL This Morning/The NFL Show (2001–2002) – An NFL pregame show with a mix of football talk and comedy, hosted by Chris Myers, along with Marv Levy, Deacon Jones, Billy Ray Smith and Jay Mohr. Mohr, Smith, Jones and Levy were replaced with Tony Siragusa, Michael Irvin, and comedian Tommy Davidson for season 2.
- The Official BCS Ratings Show (October 15, 2006 – 2011) – The weekly program announcing the current Bowl Championship Series standings (equivalent to ESPN's current College Football Playoff standings show); the program was hosted by Tom Helmer, with Gary Barnett and Petros Papadakis as analysts. The program aired on FSN as a result of Fox Sports' acquisition of the television rights to the Bowl Championship Series (with the exception of the Rose Bowl Game that ran until the 2011 series.
- Shaun Alexander Live (2001) – a short-lived variety show that ran for several months in 2001; the program poked fun of host Shaun Alexander's lack of recognition despite his accomplishments.[123]
- Toughest Cowboy (2007–2008) – a series of weekly competitions in which rodeo cowboys attempted to ride in bareback, saddle bronc and bull riding. Each of those three disciplines was a round in the event, and this show toured arenas throughout the United States.
- Ring of Honor Wrestling (2019–2021) – a professional wrestling program featuring matches from the Ring of Honor promotion. The program has since moved to the Honor Club streaming service after being bought by Tony Khan.
- Sports Geniuses (March–June 2000) – a sports trivia game show, hosted by Matt Vasgersian.
- The Sports List (August 1 – September 7, 2004) – a daily sports news program featuring a countdown of ten stories based on sports topic, hosted by Summer Sanders.
- Sport Science (September 9, 2007 – October 20, 2009) – a weekly program explaining various athletic skills and techniques through scientific methods, many of which analyzed for the program in a performance laboratory at an airport hangar set up by FSN. The concept then moved to ESPN, where Sports Science is a regular SportsCenter segment with some 'best-of' compilation programs.
- TNA iMPACT! (June 2004 – May 2005) – a professional wrestling program featuring matches from the Total Nonstop Action Wrestling promotion; the program has since moved to several different networks, and the promotion rebranded as Impact Wrestling in 2017, but then reverted to their original name in 2024.
- Totally Football (2000–2001) – a weekly football analysis program.
- Totally NASCAR (2001–2004 and 2010) – a daily program featuring news around the NASCAR circuit, interviews and race highlights (including those not permitted for carriage by the similarly formatted ESPN2 program RPM 2Night). Many FSN affiliates carried Around the Track, a similarly formatted version of the program.
- The Ultimate Fan League (1998–1999) – a sports trivia game show, hosted by Bil Dwyer.
- You Gotta See This (1998–2007) – a video compilation series featuring unusual and amazing highlights from the world of sports.
In addition, FSN aired an extensive lineup of poker shows, including Poker Superstars Invitational Tournament and MansionPoker.net PokerDome Challenge. The World Poker Tour began broadcasting on FSN with its seventh season. It recently concluded airing its 15th season.
Teams by network
[edit]Pay-per-view
[edit]FSN distributed its first pay-per-view event on November 10, 2006, a boxing match in which former heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield defeated Fres Oquendo in a unanimous decision at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. The fight was also streamed free of charge on the FoxSports.com website outside the United States.
FSN also provided pay-per-view coverage of select college football games. These were usually early-season games, and would feature either a Big 12 or SEC team against a lesser-known opponent. The pay-per-view coverage of SEC games ended upon the launch of the SEC Network in 2014, and most Big 12 schools phased out pay-per-view telecasts around this time as well. Oklahoma was the last school to feature select games on pay-per-view, doing so through 2021.
Americans in Focus
[edit]In February 2008, FSN launched a public service initiative called "Americans in Focus", with the sponsorship support of Farmers Insurance. This initiative consists of one-minute vignettes profiling non-white persons, with segments airing on the FSN networks in February 2008 and 2009 during Black History Month, from September 15 to October 15, 2008, for Hispanic Heritage Month and in March 2009 for Asian Pacific American Heritage Month. The Americans in Focus vignettes and the companion sub-site on the Fox Sports website were discontinued in April 2009.
See also
[edit]References
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External links
[edit]Fox Sports Networks
View on GrokipediaFox Sports Networks (FSN) was a collection of regional sports networks in the United States that provided localized coverage of professional and collegiate sports events from their inception in the mid-1990s until 2019. The networks broadcast live games, pre- and post-game analysis, and original programming focused on Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, National Hockey League teams, and various college athletics in specific geographic markets. FSN pioneered expanded regional sports broadcasting, reaching millions of households through cable and satellite providers with tailored content for local audiences. In 2019, as part of regulatory approvals for The Walt Disney Company's acquisition of certain 21st Century Fox assets, Fox Corporation sold 21 FSN channels—along with Fox College Sports—to Sinclair Broadcast Group for $9.6 billion, aiming to preserve competition in regional sports media. This transaction transferred rights to over 40 professional sports teams across the networks. Sinclair subsequently rebranded the outlets as Bally Sports in March 2021 through a partnership with Bally's Corporation, marking the end of the FSN branding while continuing operations amid ongoing challenges in the linear TV sports landscape, including carriage disputes and streaming shifts. The divestiture highlighted tensions in media consolidation, with critics citing potential impacts on local sports access, though it enabled Sinclair to integrate the assets into its broader portfolio.[1][2][3]
History
Origins and Early Development
Fox Sports Networks originated from a joint venture between News Corporation and Liberty Media, formed in 1995 to consolidate and expand regional sports programming.[4] This partnership created FOX/Liberty Networks, pooling interests in existing regional sports channels to form a unified brand.[5] On July 3, 1996, the companies announced the relaunch of Prime Sports Network affiliates under the Fox Sports Net banner, marking the beginning of a coordinated group of regional sports networks.[6] The networks officially debuted on November 1, 1996, initially comprising seven affiliates including Fox Sports West, Fox Sports Florida, and Fox Sports Rocky Mountain, which rebranded from prior entities like Prime Ticket and SportSouth.[7][8] This launch capitalized on News Corporation's growing sports media presence, following its acquisition of NFL broadcast rights in 1994, to deliver localized coverage of professional teams in Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League.[9] The structure emphasized team-specific telecasts, with shared programming like Fox Sports News to enhance national reach within regional markets.[7] Early development focused on acquiring stakes in independent regional operators, such as News Corporation's 50% interest in the Prime Network from Liberty Media in 1996, enabling rapid expansion into key U.S. markets.[10] By integrating diverse affiliates, Fox Sports Net quickly became a dominant player in regional sports, reaching millions of households and setting the stage for further growth through carriage agreements with cable providers.[11]Expansion Under Fox Ownership
Following its launch on November 1, 1996, Fox Sports Networks (FSN) rapidly expanded under the ownership of News Corporation through a combination of rebranding existing regional sports affiliates and strategic acquisitions. The initial network consisted of four owned-and-operated outlets—Fox Sports West, Fox Sports Bay Area, Fox Sports Chicago, and Prime Ticket—along with several Prime Network affiliates rebranded under the FSN banner, providing localized coverage of Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, and National Hockey League teams.[12] This structure allowed FSN to secure carriage deals with cable providers, emphasizing premium sports rights as a key differentiator in the emerging regional sports network market. In June 1997, the Fox/Liberty Networks joint venture, formed with Liberty Media, acquired a 40% stake in Cablevision's sports properties, including the SportsChannel regional networks in markets such as New York, Los Angeles, and Florida, integrating them into the FSN affiliation and expanding national reach.[13] Additional launches followed, including FSN Detroit on October 6, 1997, focusing on Detroit Tigers and Pistons coverage, and FSN Ohio/Pittsburgh, which began operations in 1997 to serve those markets' MLB and NHL teams. These moves bolstered FSN's portfolio, adding high-value team rights and increasing subscriber penetration in key urban areas. By April 1999, News Corporation and Fox Entertainment Group bought out Liberty Media's 50% stake in Fox/Liberty Networks for approximately $2.7 billion in cash and stock, granting full ownership and operational control over FSN.[5] At that point, FSN reached about 62 million households across its growing array of affiliates.[14] Under unified Fox management, the network continued to proliferate, affiliating with or launching outlets like FSN Florida and FSN Sun by 2000, while consolidating programming feeds for efficiency. By 2003, FSN encompassed 20 regional networks serving over 82 million homes and holding local broadcast rights for 67 of the 80 MLB, NBA, and NHL franchises, solidifying its dominance in regional sports carriage.[11] This growth was driven by lucrative team contracts and bundling with national Fox Sports properties, though it also introduced challenges in content duplication across overlapping markets.Affiliate Realignments and Growth
Fox Sports Net underwent significant affiliate realignments in 1996 when News Corporation acquired control of the Prime Network's regional affiliates and rebranded them under the Fox Sports Net banner, launching the service on October 1 of that year to consolidate and expand local sports coverage across multiple markets.[13] This initial restructuring included channels such as Fox Sports Arizona, which debuted on September 7, 1996, serving 850,000 homes with programming focused on Arizona Diamondbacks and Phoenix Suns games.[15] A pivotal expansion occurred in June 1997 through the formation of Fox/Liberty Networks, a joint venture between News Corporation and Liberty Media, which acquired a 40% stake in Cablevision's sports properties, including the SportsChannel regional networks in markets like New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia.[16] This realignment integrated these affiliates into the Fox Sports Net consortium, increasing the total to 17 regional sports networks and extending reach to approximately 55 million households while providing shared national and regional advertising opportunities.[17] By 2003, these efforts had driven substantial growth, with Fox Sports Net comprising 20 regional networks serving over 82 million homes and holding local cable rights to 67 of the 80 Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, and National Hockey League teams.[11] The affiliate strategy emphasized acquiring team rights and leveraging synergies across the network for production and distribution, solidifying Fox Sports Net's dominance in regional sports programming amid competition from emerging national outlets.Sale to Sinclair and Formation of Diamond Sports Group
Following the Walt Disney Company's acquisition of select 21st Century Fox assets in March 2019, which necessitated the divestiture of Fox's regional sports networks (RSNs) to resolve antitrust concerns raised by U.S. regulators, Sinclair Broadcast Group announced on May 3, 2019, its agreement to purchase 21 Fox RSNs from Disney.[18] The transaction carried a purchase price of $9.6 billion, with a total enterprise value of $10.6 billion after adjustments for minority interests and net debt.[19][20] The RSNs encompassed major markets such as Fox Sports Arizona, Fox Sports Carolinas, Fox Sports Detroit, Fox Sports Florida, Fox Sports Indiana, Fox Sports Kansas City, Fox Sports Midwest, Fox Sports New Orleans, Fox Sports North, Fox Sports Ohio, Fox Sports Oklahoma, Fox Sports San Diego, Fox Sports South, Fox Sports Southeast, Fox Sports Southwest, Fox Sports Sun, Fox Sports Tennessee, Fox Sports West, and Fox Sports Wisconsin, along with Yes Network's interest in the Yankees.[18] Sinclair, the largest owner of local TV stations in the United States, viewed the acquisition as an opportunity to leverage its broadcast expertise in sports programming distribution.[21] The deal closed on August 23, 2019, marking Sinclair's entry into the RSN business.[1] To hold the assets, Sinclair established Diamond Sports Group LLC as a newly formed indirect wholly-owned subsidiary.[20] Media entrepreneur Byron Allen agreed to acquire a minority equity stake in Diamond, providing additional capital and strategic input.[18] This structure allowed Sinclair to isolate the high-debt RSN operations from its core broadcasting holdings, reflecting the capital-intensive nature of sports rights amid rising costs for live content.[22]Rebranding to Bally Sports
In June 2019, Sinclair Broadcast Group established Diamond Sports Group to operate the 19 regional sports networks (RSNs) acquired from 21st Century Fox amid The Walt Disney Company's purchase of the latter's entertainment assets.[23] On January 27, 2021, Diamond Sports Group announced a branding partnership with Bally's Corporation, a casino and entertainment company, to rebrand the networks under the Bally Sports name, aiming to unify the portfolio with a new interactive app and digital ecosystem.[24] [25] The rebranding took effect on March 31, 2021, coinciding with the eve of Major League Baseball's opening day, with each network adopting a regional moniker such as Bally Sports Ohio (formerly Fox Sports Ohio) or Bally Sports North (formerly Fox Sports North).[23] [26] This involved replacing Fox Sports logos across broadcasts, websites, and promotional materials with Bally-branded equivalents, while transitioning the corresponding streaming service from Fox Sports GO to the Bally Sports app for in-market viewers.[27] [28] The partnership provided Bally's with naming rights and promotional tie-ins, including casino integrations, in exchange for Sinclair's operational control and content distribution rights, though it did not alter underlying broadcast agreements with teams like MLB, NBA, and NHL franchises.[23] The swift execution, completed amid the COVID-19 pandemic, encompassed graphic overhauls, app development, and affiliate updates across 14 states serving approximately 70 million households.[26]Bankruptcy, Restructuring, and Rebranding to FanDuel Sports Network
Diamond Sports Group, the owner of the regional sports networks (RSNs) formerly known as Fox Sports Networks, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on March 14, 2023, amid $8.6 billion in total debt, primarily stemming from its 2019 acquisition financed through high-leverage loans and exacerbated by declining cable subscription revenues due to widespread cord-cutting and the broader erosion of linear television viewership.[29][30] The filing allowed the company to continue operations while renegotiating contracts with major leagues including Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL), whose carriage fees accounted for over 80% of its revenue prior to bankruptcy, as well as securing debtor-in-possession financing to sustain broadcasts during restructuring.[31][32] Throughout the proceedings, which spanned over 20 months, Diamond Sports Group pursued a reorganization plan filed on February 29, 2024, involving debt reduction of approximately $8 billion through conversions to equity, new financing from creditors like Hudson Bay Capital, and amended rights deals with leagues that included reduced fees and streaming integrations to adapt to digital distribution shifts.[33][34] A U.S. Bankruptcy Court judge in the Southern District of Texas approved the plan on November 14, 2024, following resolutions of disputes over blackouts and carriage with teams, enabling the company to emerge from bankruptcy on January 2, 2025, under the new corporate name Main Street Sports Group with a streamlined balance sheet and focus on 16 RSNs serving 29 major league teams.[35][36] As part of its pre-emergence strategy to bolster financial stability and align with betting and streaming trends, Diamond announced a naming rights agreement with FanDuel on October 18, 2024, leading to the rebranding of its Bally Sports RSNs to FanDuel Sports Network effective October 21, 2024, across all 16 regional channels and the Bally Sports+ streaming service, without altering channel positions or core programming access for subscribers.[37][38] This partnership, valued as a multi-year commercial deal, integrated FanDuel's sports betting promotions into broadcasts and supported the restructuring by providing upfront payments amid ongoing court approvals, reflecting the RSNs' pivot toward diversified revenue streams beyond traditional cable affiliates.[39][40] The rebranding maintained operational continuity for live game coverage while signaling adaptation to an industry where affiliate fees had plummeted from peak levels, driven by consumer shifts to over-the-top services and direct-to-consumer league offerings.[30]Networks and Affiliates
Owned-and-Operated Networks
The Fox Sports Networks division owned and operated 21 regional sports networks (RSNs) that provided localized coverage of professional and collegiate sports, including Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, National Hockey League, and other events. These O&O networks were directly controlled by Fox, enabling centralized production standards, shared programming feeds, and unified branding under the Fox Sports Net umbrella, in contrast to affiliates that licensed content but operated independently. The portfolio encompassed markets across the Midwest, South, West, and other regions, with collective rights to 14 MLB teams, 16 NBA teams, and 12 NHL teams as of the 2019 divestiture.[20][41] Key owned-and-operated networks included:- Fox Sports Arizona: Serving Arizona and parts of New Mexico, with primary rights to the Arizona Diamondbacks (MLB) and Phoenix Suns (NBA).[42]
- Fox Sports Carolinas: Covering the Carolinas, focused on the Carolina Hurricanes (NHL) and Charlotte Hornets (NBA).[20]
- Fox Sports Detroit: Based in Michigan, holding rights to the Detroit Tigers (MLB), Pistons (NBA), and Red Wings (NHL).[42]
- Fox Sports Florida: Targeting South Florida, with coverage of the Miami Marlins (MLB) and Panthers (NHL).[42]
- Fox Sports Indiana: Serving Indiana, including the Indiana Pacers (NBA) and Fever (WNBA).[42]
- Fox Sports Kansas City: Focused on Kansas City and surrounding areas, rights to the Royals (MLB) and Sporting KC (MLS).[42]
- Fox Sports Midwest: Covering Missouri and Illinois, with Cardinals (MLB) and Blues (NHL) broadcasts.[42]
- Fox Sports New Orleans: Dedicated to Louisiana, primarily Pelicans (NBA) games.[42]
- Fox Sports North: Minnesota-focused, including Twins (MLB), Timberwolves (NBA), and Wild (NHL).[42]
- Fox Sports Ohio: Ohio market, rights to Cavaliers (NBA) and Columbus Blue Jackets (NHL).[42]
- Fox Sports Oklahoma: Oklahoma City area, centered on Thunder (NBA).[42]
- Fox Sports San Diego: California-specific, Padres (MLB) coverage.[42]
- Fox Sports Southeast: Georgia and surrounding states, Braves (MLB) and Hawks (NBA).[42]
- Fox Sports South: Tennessee and Kentucky, Predators (NHL) rights.[42]
- Fox Sports Southwest: Texas markets, Rangers (MLB) and Mavericks (NBA).[42]
- Fox Sports Sun: Florida's Sunshine State network, Rays (MLB) and Magic (NBA).[42]
- Fox Sports Tennessee: Tennessee-focused, Grizzlies (NBA).[42]
- Fox Sports West: Southern California, Angels (MLB) and Ducks (NHL).[42]
- Fox Sports Wisconsin: Wisconsin, Brewers (MLB) and Bucks (NBA).[42]
- Prime Ticket: Los Angeles area, Lakers (NBA) and Kings (NHL).[42]
- SportsTime Ohio: Cleveland and Ohio, Indians/Guardians (MLB) and Cavaliers (NBA).[42]
Affiliate Networks
Fox Sports Networks expanded its regional coverage through affiliate relationships and joint ventures with cable operators, which operated channels under the FSN brand while sharing national programming feeds and producing localized sports content. These partnerships, often structured as 50/50 or minority stakes, leveraged partners' existing infrastructure and rights deals to minimize Fox's capital outlay and accelerate market entry, particularly in the late 1990s following the 1996 rebranding of Prime Network affiliates.[47][48] Notable affiliate networks included FSN New York, managed by National Sports Partners—a joint venture between Fox/Liberty Networks and Cablevision's Rainbow Media Holdings—that delivered coverage of Major League Baseball, NBA, and NHL games to the New York metropolitan area.[49] Similarly, FSN Bay Area operated via a joint venture model, providing telecasts of San Francisco Giants and Oakland Athletics games alongside other regional events in Northern California.[48] In markets like Chicago, Fox held a 40% stake in joint venture entities post-2003 restructuring, ensuring continued affiliation for local sports programming without full ownership.[47] These affiliates typically carried FSN's shared slate, including college sports and talk shows, but emphasized team-specific rights negotiated by the partners, contributing to FSN's peak of over 80 million subscribers by the early 2000s. Over time, ownership shifts, such as Fox's buyouts after the 2001 Fox/Liberty split, converted several affiliates to fully owned operations, though the joint venture model persisted in select markets until the 2019 sale.[47]Partnership and Broadcast TV Collaborations
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) pursued partnerships with broadcast television stations to distribute select regional sports content over-the-air, aiming to reach households without cable subscriptions and boost viewership for marquee events. These collaborations often involved simulcasting or producing games for local affiliates, particularly UPN or independent stations owned or affiliated with Fox properties, allowing FSN to leverage broadcast signals for broader market penetration during the late 1990s and early 2000s.[50] A notable example occurred in 2002, when Fox Sports Net Florida entered an exclusive agreement with PAX TV to air 54 Florida Marlins baseball games, shifting them from cable-only to include nationwide broadcast television distribution via PAX's over-the-air and cable reach covering 85% of U.S. households. This arrangement enabled FSN to expand access to regular-season games while retaining production control.[51] In the Milwaukee market, Fox Sports Net Wisconsin secured exclusive rights to Milwaukee Brewers games starting in 2003, including an explicit option to simulcast select contests on one or more local broadcast television stations to accommodate overflow demand and non-cable viewers. Similar provisions appeared in other FSN regional agreements, such as for Big 12 college sports, where partnerships ensured a portion of games aired on broadcast outlets alongside cable feeds.[50][52] These broadcast collaborations complemented FSN's core cable model by addressing carriage disputes and regulatory pressures for wider accessibility, though they were limited to specific games to avoid diluting subscriber exclusivity. By the mid-2000s, as cable penetration grew, such partnerships diminished in frequency, with FSN prioritizing national syndication through Fox Sports Net programming blocks.[53]Related Services
The Fox Sports Networks provided digital access to their content through the FOX Sports GO application, which served as the primary streaming platform for regional sports programming from May 2019 until the networks' divestiture.[54] This app enabled authenticated pay-TV subscribers to stream live games and on-demand video on mobile devices, tablets, and select connected TVs, subject to local blackout restrictions for in-market viewers.[54] FOX Sports GO integrated regional feeds from FSN affiliates alongside national FOX Sports channels, supporting features like real-time scores, highlights, and multi-device compatibility across iOS, Android, and web browsers.[55] Following the 2019 sale to Sinclair Broadcast Group and the subsequent formation of Diamond Sports Group, the networks rebranded to Bally Sports in March 2021, accompanied by the launch of the Bally Sports app for authenticated streaming of live regional events.[56] In June 2022, Diamond introduced Bally Sports+, a direct-to-consumer streaming service priced at $19.99 per month or $189.99 annually, available initially in select markets such as Detroit, Kansas City, Miami, Milwaukee, and Tampa, allowing subscribers to access in-market games without a traditional cable or satellite provider.[57] [58] Bally Sports+ expanded to platforms including Roku, offering ad-supported live streams, on-demand content, and integration with over-the-air retransmissions, though availability varied by team rights agreements that restricted DTC options for certain franchises.[59] Amid Diamond Sports Group's Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings initiated in March 2023, the networks entered a naming rights agreement with FanDuel in October 2024, rebranding as FanDuel Sports Network effective October 21, 2024, while retaining operational continuity under the reorganized entity, Main Street Sports Group, following emergence from bankruptcy in January 2025.[60] [61] The FanDuel Sports Network app succeeded the Bally Sports platform, providing streaming access to local NBA, NHL, MLB, and WNBA games for verified TV provider subscribers, with options for direct sign-up including a seven-day free trial and bundled packages featuring exclusive studio shows like Golic & Golic and Up & Adams.[62] [63] This service supports devices such as smart TVs, mobile apps, and web browsers, emphasizing authenticated in-market viewing while integrating FanDuel's sports betting ecosystem for enhanced user engagement, though subject to ongoing rights negotiations and regional availability.[64] [65]Programming and Content
Core Programming Strategy
The core programming strategy of Fox Sports Networks (FSN) centered on securing and broadcasting live play-by-play coverage of professional sports events for teams in each network's local market, prioritizing Major League Baseball (MLB), National Basketball Association (NBA), and National Hockey League (NHL) games to drive viewership among dedicated regional fans. This approach, established at FSN's inception in 1996, positioned live telecasts as the primary content pillar, with schedules structured around home games and select non-national road contests to maximize exclusivity and minimize overlap with national networks.[66] Supplementary programming complemented the live events, including team-specific pre-game previews, post-game recaps, and analytical segments featuring local hosts and experts to provide context and commentary. Original content such as sports news updates, highlight reels, and talk shows filled gaps in the schedule, reinforcing brand loyalty by focusing on market-relevant narratives rather than generic national fare.[66] Across its approximately 20 owned-and-operated and affiliate networks, FSN maintained a 24/7 format by integrating shared national feeds during off-peak hours, but the emphasis remained on localized production values—including regional announcers, graphics, and booth perspectives—to differentiate from broader competitors and cultivate a proprietary viewer base. This model relied on rights deals that ensured territorial blackouts for out-of-market viewers, amplifying the perceived value of local access.[66]Live Regional Sports Coverage
Fox Sports Networks' live regional sports coverage centered on producing and broadcasting home games for affiliated Major League Baseball (MLB), National Basketball Association (NBA), and National Hockey League (NHL) teams within each network's geographic territory, supplemented by select road games where rights permitted.[67] These telecasts formed the core of programming, with networks like FSN Midwest airing St. Louis Cardinals MLB games and FSN Detroit covering Detroit Pistons NBA contests, often featuring localized production elements such as team-specific graphics and fan-focused segments.[68] Collectively, the networks delivered nearly 1,000 live high-definition game telecasts per year across MLB, NBA, NHL, and limited NCAA football and basketball events, enabling expanded access as high-definition capabilities doubled in the mid-2000s.[69] Productions typically included on-site camera crews, with play-by-play announcers and color analysts drawn from local sports media talent, while integrating real-time statistics and venue-specific angles to enhance viewer immersion. Pre-game and post-game shows, such as team-branded analysis segments, flanked most live broadcasts to provide context, highlights, and interviews.[70] Coverage adhered to league blackout restrictions, prioritizing in-market viewers and excluding out-of-market audiences to protect ticket sales and national broadcast rights, a model that sustained regional exclusivity until cord-cutting pressures emerged in the 2010s.[67] Some networks extended live coverage to ancillary events like WNBA games or minor league affiliates, though professional leagues dominated airtime due to higher viewership and revenue potential from carriage fees tied to these high-stakes telecasts.[71]National and Shared Programming
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) distributed a range of centrally produced studio programming across its regional affiliates to supplement local live event coverage, particularly during off-peak hours or when affiliates lacked exclusive regional rights. This shared content included sports talk shows, news updates, and interview formats, enabling consistent branding and national advertising opportunities while allowing customization for local inserts. Such programming was essential in the network's early years, when FSN affiliates often relied on syndicated feeds to fill schedules beyond team-specific broadcasts.[72] A flagship shared program was The Best Damn Sports Show Period, which aired nightly from August 28, 2001, to June 30, 2009, on FSN affiliates nationwide. The irreverent talk show featured rotating hosts including Craig Kilborn, John Salley, Rob Dibble, and John Kruk, alongside segments on game analysis, athlete interviews, and comedic sports sketches, drawing an average of over 100,000 viewers per episode in its peak seasons. Produced in Los Angeles, it was simulcast across multiple markets to capitalize on FSN's reach of approximately 80 million households by the mid-2000s, though ratings declined toward cancellation amid shifts in sports media consumption.[73][74] FSN also offered Fox Sports News, a daily national news program launched in April 2000, providing aggregated highlights, scores, and analysis distributed to affiliates for integration into local newscasts. This format allowed regional variations, such as market-specific team updates, but maintained a core shared script and footage to ensure uniformity. Affiliates used it to build viewer loyalty outside prime live windows, with the program evolving to include contributor panels before phasing out as FS1 assumed broader national news duties in 2013.[75] Syndicated interview series like The Tim McCarver Show further exemplified shared content, airing episodes featuring discussions with athletes, coaches, and analysts across FSN channels from the late 1990s onward. Hosted by baseball broadcaster Tim McCarver, the program emphasized in-depth sports conversations, syndicated to fill late-night slots and reaching diverse audiences through FSN's affiliate model. These efforts underscored FSN's strategy of blending national appeal with regional focus, though they competed with emerging cable competitors by the 2010s.[76]Pay-Per-View and Additional Offerings
Fox Sports Networks distributed select pay-per-view boxing events during its operation. The network aired its inaugural PPV bout on November 10, 2006, featuring former heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield against Fres Oquendo in San Antonio, Texas, with Holyfield securing a unanimous decision victory in a scheduled 10-round fight.[77] The event carried a $44.95 purchase price, testing Holyfield's draw amid his comeback efforts at age 43.[78][79] Beyond core linear programming, FSN provided additional offerings such as integrated access to Fox Sports digital platforms for highlights and on-demand clips, though these were ancillary to its regional cable focus. PPV distribution remained limited, emphasizing high-profile combat sports to supplement live game coverage without broad expansion into other PPV categories like wrestling or team sports overflows.[77]Former and Discontinued Programs
The Best Damn Sports Show Period was a flagship original talk show on Fox Sports Net, airing from July 23, 2001, to June 30, 2009, known for its irreverent, opinionated discussions on sports topics with hosts including Chris Rose, John Salley, and rotating guests.[73][74] The program featured segments blending humor, athlete interviews, and highlights, syndicated across FSN affiliates, but was canceled amid shifting network priorities toward more localized content.[73] FSN Final Score, a half-hour national sports news recap program, broadcast from 2006 to 2011, providing highlights and analysis shared among regional feeds. It ceased production as FSN emphasized team-specific studio shows over centralized news formats. Post-2011, similar functions were absorbed into affiliate-specific programming. Other discontinued offerings included motorsports-focused shows like RPM 2Night, a nightly NASCAR recap that ended in the early 2000s alongside broader shifts away from dedicated auto racing analysis on FSN.[68] Regional variants of pre- and post-game analysis, such as those branded under individual FSN outlets (e.g., FSN Northwest's team studios), were largely phased out or rebranded following the 2021 sale of most FSN assets to Sinclair Broadcast Group, with some content migrating to Bally Sports but losing FSN-specific branding and formats.Teams and Rights Holdings
Major League Baseball Affiliations
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) secured regional broadcast rights for multiple Major League Baseball teams across its affiliate networks, typically televising a majority of each team's regular-season games, excluding those selected for national broadcast. These agreements, often spanning 15-20 years and valued in the billions, emphasized local market coverage with production teams dedicated to team-specific programming, including pregame analysis and highlights. FSN's MLB portfolio was concentrated in the Western, Midwestern, and select Eastern markets, contributing significantly to the networks' revenue through carriage fees and advertising.[80][81] Key affiliations included:- Arizona Diamondbacks via Fox Sports Arizona: In February 2015, the Diamondbacks signed a 20-year, $1.5 billion extension with Fox Sports Arizona for exclusive regional telecasts of approximately 150 games per season, covering the team's home and away contests within the market territory. This deal solidified FSN's role as the primary broadcaster until the network's acquisition by Sinclair Broadcast Group in 2019.[81][82]
- Los Angeles Angels via Fox Sports West: Fox Sports West entered a 20-year agreement worth $3 billion in December 2011, granting exclusive rights to about 150 regular-season games annually, along with postseason coverage if applicable. The deal, one of the largest in MLB regional history at the time, included production of Angels-specific content and extended through the FSN era.[80][83]
- San Diego Padres via Fox Sports San Diego: Launched in 2012 as a dedicated channel, Fox Sports San Diego held rights to over 140 Padres games per season, including spring training broadcasts, with streaming options via the FOX Sports GO app for authenticated subscribers. The network produced localized coverage, such as the 2019 spring training schedule featuring 15 televised games.[84][85]
- Detroit Tigers via Fox Sports Detroit: Fox Sports Detroit broadcast the majority of Tigers games, incorporating innovative formats like 17 "Players Only" telecasts in 2022 where former players handled commentary without traditional announcers. This affiliation dated back to the network's early years, providing comprehensive regional coverage until the 2019 ownership change.[86]
- St. Louis Cardinals via Fox Sports Midwest: By 2019, Fox Sports Midwest marked its 26th year as the Cardinals' television partner, airing exclusive coverage of nearly all non-nationally exclusive games and serving as the ninth-year exclusive home. The long-term deal emphasized high production values for a large Midwestern audience.[87]
NBA and NHL Affiliations
Fox Sports Networks' regional affiliates secured local television rights for numerous NBA and NHL teams, enabling comprehensive coverage of regular-season games, select playoffs, and ancillary programming such as pregame analysis and highlights. By the early 2000s, these networks collectively held rights to a substantial share of professional basketball and hockey franchises, bolstering their subscriber base across markets served by channels like Fox Sports Detroit, Fox Sports Florida, and Fox Sports Midwest.[11] This strategy aligned with the broader regional sports network model, where rights fees from teams provided stable revenue amid competition from national broadcasters. In the NBA, Fox Sports Networks affiliates broadcast games for teams including the Orlando Magic on Fox Sports Florida, where coverage featured studio analysts like Hall of Famer Lisa Leslie for pre- and postgame shows starting in 2018.[88] Fox Sports Carolinas carried Charlotte Hornets games beginning in 2004, marking a key expansion into the Southeast market.[89] Other affiliations encompassed the Detroit Pistons on Fox Sports Detroit, Minnesota Timberwolves on Fox Sports North, and LA Clippers on Fox Sports Prime Ticket (an affiliate network). Fox Sports West maintained rights to the Los Angeles Lakers through the 2011–12 season, televising up to 70 regular-season games annually before the franchise shifted to a dedicated channel under Time Warner Cable. Overall, the networks covered 16 NBA teams as of the late 2010s, reflecting their dominance in regional rights before the 2019 sale to Sinclair Broadcast Group.[90] For the NHL, affiliations emphasized markets with established fanbases, with Fox Sports Detroit airing Detroit Red Wings games as a cornerstone of its lineup. Fox Sports North provided coverage of the Minnesota Wild, including live telecasts and regional playoffs, while Fox Sports Midwest focused on St. Louis Blues matchups. Additional rights included the Anaheim Ducks and Los Angeles Kings on Fox Sports West, and Florida Panthers on Fox Sports Florida. These deals typically involved 40–70 games per season per team, supplemented by national crossovers when permitted. By the time of the Sinclair acquisition, Fox Sports Networks held rights to 12 NHL franchises, prioritizing high-viewership territories to maximize carriage fees from cable providers.[90] Rights retention varied post-2019 rebranding to Bally Sports, with some teams like the Lakers transitioning earlier due to lucrative standalone deals, underscoring the networks' role in local sports dissemination amid evolving media landscapes.Other Professional and College Sports
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) affiliates broadcast regional games for Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) teams, including the Minnesota Lynx on FSN North and the Cleveland Rockers on FSN Ohio during the 2000 season.[91][92] Coverage extended to other franchises like the Los Angeles Sparks via FSN West, supplementing national WNBA programming.[93] FSN networks also held rights to select Major League Soccer (MLS) matches in local markets, providing play-by-play for teams such as those in the Western Conference alongside national Fox broadcasts.[93] These agreements allowed FSN to offer comprehensive soccer coverage tailored to regional audiences, though MLS later centralized distribution away from traditional regional sports networks. In college sports, FSN emphasized NCAA football and basketball from major conferences. Under the Pac-10's 2011 media rights deal with Fox and ESPN—valued at $3 billion over 12 years—FSN regional affiliates aired dozens of football games and basketball matchups annually, including non-televised conference contests.[94] Networks like FSN West and FSN Northwest focused on Pac-12 teams, while others covered Big 12 and Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) events in their territories, often filling programming gaps with local rivalries and tournament games.[93] This regional approach enabled FSN to deliver hyper-local college athletics, distinct from national Fox College Sports channels.Technical and Distribution Aspects
High-Definition Broadcasting
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) affiliates initiated high-definition (HD) production for select live events in the early 2000s, prioritizing major sports telecasts to leverage emerging HDTV capabilities. FSN Bay Area aired its first MLB game in HD on July 30, 2003, featuring the San Francisco Giants against the Houston Astros, marking an early milestone in regional sports HD adoption.[95] By 2004, FSN Bay Area expanded HD coverage through partnerships with providers like Comcast, scheduling multiple Giants and Athletics games in the format.[96] Distribution of HD feeds broadened in the mid-2000s as cable and satellite operators integrated them into lineups. In April 2007, DISH Network launched HD simulcasts for seven FSN affiliates, including FSN Florida, FSN Midwest, FSN Ohio, FSN Pittsburgh, FSN Rocky Mountain, FSN South, and FSN West, enabling subscribers access to enhanced local sports programming.[97] By 2008, FSN's 16 owned-and-operated regional networks produced more than 1,700 live HD telecasts annually, encompassing MLB, NBA, NHL, and college sports events.[98] The networks committed to comprehensive HD expansion in 2009, transitioning owned-and-operated affiliates to round-the-clock HD simulcasts while maintaining standard-definition feeds for broader compatibility.[98] This shift aligned with industry trends toward 720p resolution for sports broadcasting, improving viewer immersion through sharper imagery and widescreen aspect ratios, though carriage disputes occasionally limited HD availability in certain markets. All FSN regional affiliates ultimately operated dedicated HD channels, simulcasting primary content with upconverted non-HD programming where necessary.Carriage and Distribution Deals
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) primarily distributed its regional affiliates through affiliation agreements with multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs), including cable operators like Comcast, Time Warner Cable (now Charter), and Cox Communications, as well as satellite providers DirecTV and Dish Network. These deals often positioned FSN channels on sports tiers or expanded basic packages, commanding per-subscriber fees of $2 to $5 per month due to the exclusivity of live team-specific content, which justified premiums over general entertainment networks.[99][100] A significant carriage renewal with Comcast in 2004 extended distribution for select FSN affiliates, such as those in the Bay Area, Florida, and New England, bundling them with other networks to broaden reach amid growing subscriber bases.[101] Similar multi-year pacts with Time Warner Cable supported carriage for networks like Fox Sports Net Ohio, though disputes over rate hikes occasionally led to arbitration claims under federal must-carry rules.[102][103] Tensions with Dish Network highlighted the high-stakes nature of these negotiations; in October 2010, Fox withdrew 19 regional sports networks from the provider after failing to agree on fee escalations, blacking out access for millions of subscribers until a resolution in December 2011 restored service with adjusted terms.[104] A comparable impasse in July 2019 resulted in Dish dropping Fox Sports West, Prime Ticket, and related channels in Southern California, citing unsustainable fee demands amid broader industry pressures on RSN economics.[100] FSN's model emphasized team-tied exclusivity in carriage contracts, enabling revenue sharing with affiliates while tying distribution to local market penetration, though escalating fees contributed to tiering debates and viewer pushback as pay-TV costs rose.[11] By the late 2010s, efforts to expand beyond traditional MVPDs included tentative streaming integrations, but core deals remained anchored in linear carriage with major operators serving over 70 million households collectively.[19]Digital and Streaming Integration
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) began integrating digital streaming capabilities in the early 2010s through the Fox Sports Go app, which enabled authenticated pay-TV subscribers to access live regional feeds on mobile devices, tablets, and computers. Launched in 2013, the app supported TV Everywhere authentication, allowing viewers to stream FSN content such as MLB, NBA, and NHL games tied to specific regional rights, provided they logged in via participating multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs).[105][106] By 2016, FSN executives highlighted streaming via Fox Sports Go as a key growth area, noting its role in enhancing subscriber value by extending linear content to digital platforms without requiring additional fees beyond MVPD packages. This integration included on-demand highlights, live event streaming, and multi-screen support, with regional networks like Fox Sports South making select games available through the app. For instance, in 2018, all Atlanta United FC matches broadcast on FSN affiliates were streamable via Fox Sports Go for eligible subscribers. However, access remained restricted to in-market viewers with valid authentication, reflecting the networks' reliance on carriage agreements rather than direct-to-consumer models.[107][108] FSN's digital efforts also involved partnerships with MVPDs to expand TV Everywhere availability, such as launches in select markets including Georgia, Indiana, Tennessee, Wisconsin, and Minnesota by the late 2010s, where subscribers could access regional feeds outside traditional cable set-tops. Despite these advancements, streaming was not standalone; it depended on MVPD logins, limiting broader adoption amid rising cord-cutting trends and the absence of unbundled regional sports options until post-FSN rebranding under new ownership.[106]Business Model and Financial Performance
Revenue Streams and Economic Impact
Fox Sports Networks derived the majority of its revenue from affiliate fees paid by multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) such as cable and satellite providers, which compensated the networks for carriage based on subscriber counts and contractual rates per subscriber. These fees typically comprised approximately 90% of total revenue, reflecting the premium value of live regional sports programming in bundled video services. Advertising revenue, primarily from local sales during game telecasts and related programming, accounted for about 9%, while other sources like content licensing contributed less than 1%.[109] The following table summarizes FSN's revenue composition for fiscal years ended June 30:| Fiscal Year | Total Revenue ($ millions) | Affiliate Fees (%) | Advertising (%) | Other (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 3,520 | 89.3 | 10.1 | 0.6 |
| 2018 | 3,703 | 90.3 | 9.1 | 0.6 |
| 2019 | 3,829 | 90.5 | 8.8 | 0.7 |
Challenges from Cord-Cutting and Streaming
The business model of Fox Sports Networks (FSN), which operated as regional sports networks, depended predominantly on affiliation fees from multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) such as cable and satellite providers, accounting for the majority of revenue through mandatory bundling in subscriber packages.[67] These fees, often exceeding $4–$6 per subscriber per month for premium live local sports content, generated stable income as long as pay-TV penetration remained high.[66] However, the accelerating cord-cutting trend in the 2010s eroded this foundation, as households shifted from traditional MVPD subscriptions to over-the-top streaming alternatives, reducing the overall subscriber base available for fee extraction.[67] U.S. pay-TV households peaked at approximately 101 million in 2011 before declining steadily, with losses totaling around 25 million subscribers by the late 2010s due to factors including rising cable bills and the appeal of à la carte streaming options.[112] For FSN, this translated into compressed distribution revenue, as fewer households meant diminished aggregate fees despite per-subscriber rates holding firm amid negotiations.[66] Sports viewers, historically slower to cut the cord owing to live event demands, increasingly opted out, prompting MVPDs to resist RSN fee hikes and leading to carriage disputes that temporarily blacked out FSN channels for millions, such as the 2010 standoff with Dish Network affecting access to 19 regional feeds for its 14.3 million subscribers.[113][67] Adaptation to streaming proved challenging for FSN, as early digital platforms like Fox Sports Go required MVPD authentication for regional content and enforced strict geo-fencing and blackout restrictions to protect local broadcast rights, effectively excluding pure cord-cutters.[54] Many virtual MVPDs, such as Sling TV, avoided including costly RSN feeds to maintain affordable pricing, limiting FSN's reach in the emerging direct-to-consumer market.[114] This structural rigidity, combined with the high cost of rights deals tied to the legacy bundle, positioned FSN as particularly vulnerable, culminating in Fox's divestiture of its 19 RSNs to Sinclair Broadcast Group in June 2019 for $9.6 billion—a move partly motivated by the anticipated further erosion of the pay-TV ecosystem.[115]Achievements in Sports Media Innovation
Fox Sports Networks (FSN) pioneered the consolidation of independent regional sports channels into a unified programming service in 1996, enabling shared national content distribution alongside localized team coverage, which enhanced operational efficiency and content quality across 20 affiliates. This hybrid model standardized production techniques while preserving market-specific broadcasts, transforming fragmented local outlets into a scalable enterprise that by 2003 reached over 82 million households and secured carriage rights for 67 of 80 Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, and National Hockey League teams.[11] In programming innovation, FSN launched The Best Damn Sports Show Period in 2001, a nationally syndicated studio program that became its flagship, incubating talent and formats for broader sports media while blending entertainment with analysis to attract wider audiences. The network further demonstrated agile content creation by producing and airing a reality series featuring Nelly and Marshall Faulk within two weeks in 2003 on Fox Sports Midwest, showcasing rapid-response production capabilities that outpaced traditional broadcast timelines. Additionally, FSN tested Airwaves in 2003, a news format leveraging aggregated regional footage for timely, multi-market storytelling.[11] FSN advanced advertising innovation through the 1997 implementation of the Donovan data system, which utilized viewership analytics to target sponsors more precisely, expanding active advertisers from 220 to 800 by 2003 and justifying premium license fees comparable to national networks like ESPN. This data-driven approach not only boosted revenue streams but also set a precedent for analytics integration in regional sports media, influencing how affiliates monetized local rights amid growing competition.[11]Controversies and Criticisms
Carriage Disputes and Blackouts
Fox Sports Networks (FSN), as regional sports networks, frequently faced carriage disputes with multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) over escalating affiliate fees, which often escalated into blackouts depriving subscribers of local team coverage during peak seasons for MLB, NBA, and NHL games.[116] These conflicts reflected broader industry tensions, where RSN fees averaged $3-5 per subscriber monthly—significantly higher than national sports channels—prompting providers to resist hikes amid cord-cutting pressures.[117] A prominent example unfolded in July 2019 with Dish Network, when the prior carriage agreement expired on July 25, leading to the immediate blackout of all 21 FSN regional affiliates from Dish and Sling TV platforms starting July 26.[117] [100] This affected an estimated 2.5 million Dish subscribers across regions, including key markets like Los Angeles (Fox Sports West and Prime Ticket), New York (YES Network), and others carrying teams such as the Angels, Dodgers, Yankees, and Nets.[100] The impasse stemmed from Dish's refusal to accept proposed fee increases post-Fox's sale of the networks to Sinclair Broadcast Group in June 2019, with Dish CEO Charlie Ergen publicly decrying RSN economics as unsustainable and accusing networks of prioritizing profits over fan access.[118] The 2019 Dish blackout persisted for months, extending into 2020 without restoration, as negotiations stalled amid Sinclair's ownership transition and ongoing fee disagreements; by February 2020, Dish indicated the channels were unlikely to return, impacting viewers' ability to watch over 1,000 annual live events.[118] This episode exemplified how FSN disputes exacerbated subscriber churn, with blackouts coinciding with high-demand periods like MLB's second half, and contributed to estimated industry-wide revenue losses exceeding $179 million from similar RSN impasses between 2013 and 2020.[116] Providers like Dish leveraged such blackouts to pressure for a la carte or slimmed packaging options, while networks defended bundled carriage to sustain rights costs averaging $100-200 million annually per team deal.[117]| Dispute Date | Provider | Affected Networks | Key Impact | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 25, 2019 | Dish Network & Sling TV | 21 FSN regionals (e.g., Fox Sports West, Prime Ticket, YES) | Loss of MLB/NBA/NHL games for ~2.5M subs during seasons | Unresolved as of 2020; channels remained off-air[117] [118] |